CN107638168B - Photoacoustic endoscope based on self-adaptive focusing of light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag and implementation method - Google Patents
Photoacoustic endoscope based on self-adaptive focusing of light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag and implementation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107638168B CN107638168B CN201710845921.1A CN201710845921A CN107638168B CN 107638168 B CN107638168 B CN 107638168B CN 201710845921 A CN201710845921 A CN 201710845921A CN 107638168 B CN107638168 B CN 107638168B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photoacoustic endoscope based on self-adaptive focusing of a light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag and a realization method, wherein the endoscope comprises the following components: the device comprises a probe module, a control module and a display module; the probe module comprises a water bag, a hollow annular ultrasonic transducer, an optical assembly, a rotating shaft, an outer sleeve and a handle, wherein the optical assembly comprises a glass column, a reflector with an angle of 45 degrees, a zoom lens, a collimating lens and an optical fiber, the outer sleeve injects water into the water bag through a water injection channel, and a motor and an electric slip ring which are contained in the handle control the probe to rotate; the control module comprises a motor drive, a laser drive, a zoom lens drive and a data acquisition card; the display module includes a computer. According to the invention, the water sac is flexibly matched with the intestinal cavity with an irregular shape, and the boundary of the intestinal cavity is accurately determined by using the photoacoustic signal of the water sac, so that the multilayer structure of each circle of the intestinal wall at different angles is in focus when the probe is circularly swept for 360 degrees, and thus, an image with high resolution and high contrast is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nondestructive imaging, and particularly relates to a photoacoustic endoscope based on self-adaptive focusing of a light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag and an implementation method.
Background
The photoacoustic imaging is a novel imaging technology developed in recent years, and the basic principle of the photoacoustic imaging is that pulse laser is irradiated on biological tissues, an optical absorption domain of the tissues generates ultrasonic signals due to instantaneous thermal expansion, and a detector receives the ultrasonic signals and then processes and reconstructs the images to obtain the distribution of light energy deposition in a sample. Photoacoustic imaging reflects the difference in the absorption of light by different substances.
The existing photoacoustic endoscopes have two types, one type of optical focal length is fixed, and the imaging resolution ratio is low due to the fact that the cavity is irregular in shape, the endoscope is not located in the center of the cavity and the like.
The patent application number is 201310737534.8, the patent name is a dynamic focusing photoacoustic proctoscope imaging device based on a liquid lens, and discloses a dynamic zooming photoacoustic endoscope. The disadvantage of this device is that when imaging a cavity with irregular shape, complex layer structure and thickness of several millimeters, such as rectum, the strongest signal is probably at the surface (<1mm) and the deep layer (>3mm) of the intestinal wall, so that each reconstructed image frame has tissue defocusing, reducing the image resolution and contrast.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide an innovative photoacoustic endoscope that can focus on irregularly shaped cavities at different depths at the same angle, and can achieve high resolution and high contrast on different layers of the cavity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a photoacoustic endoscope based on self-adaptive focusing of a light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag and an implementation method thereof.
The principle of the invention is as follows: before formally imaging the cavity, the photoacoustic signal amplitude of the water sac when the light focus is on the water sac is measured through focusing, and the photoacoustic signal amplitude is used as a reference value. After the water sac is well installed, water is injected into the water sac after the endoscope is deeply inserted into the cavity, the water sac is enabled to be tightly attached to the cavity, the light focus is adjusted according to the fact that the photoacoustic signal of the water sac is the first photoacoustic signal to be detected, and the value, closest to the reference value, of the first photoacoustic signal is found to be the focus on the water sac; because one boundary of the water bag is superposed with the inner surface of the cavity, the focus gradually moves backwards from the water bag, and high-resolution images which are accurately focused at different depths at the same angle of the cavity can be obtained.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag self-adaptive focusing-based photoacoustic endoscope, which comprises a probe module, a control module and a display module which are sequentially connected; the probe module comprises a water bag, a hollow annular ultrasonic transducer, an optical assembly, a rotating shaft, an outer sleeve and a handle; the optical assembly is positioned in the hollow annular ultrasonic transducer and the rotating shaft, the rear end of the rotating shaft is fixed in the handle, the outer sleeve is sleeved outside the rotating shaft, the far end of the outer sleeve is fixed on the handle, and the water sac is sleeved at the front end of the outer sleeve;
the hollow annular ultrasonic transducer is arranged at the front end, and the optical components sequentially comprise from front to back: the device comprises a glass column, a 45-degree reflector, a zoom lens, a collimating lens and an optical fiber; the centers of the 45-degree reflecting mirror, the zoom lens, the collimating mirror and the optical fiber are on the same straight line and are vertical to the central line of the glass column; the optical fiber is fixed at the center of the outer sleeve through a bearing, a laser driving device in the control module controls to emit 532nm pulse laser, the laser beam is collimated into parallel light through the collimating mirror and then is focused through the zoom lens, the focused light beam changes from horizontal to vertical after passing through the center of the reflector with the angle of 45 degrees, and finally the focused light beam passes through the glass column and is focused on tissues, wherein the glass column plays a role in light transmission and sealing, so that the smooth passing of a light path can be ensured, and other optical components except the glass column can be isolated from the ultrasonic couplant outside the hollow annular ultrasonic transducer;
the control module comprises a motor driving device, a laser driving device, a zoom lens driving device and a data acquisition card; the motor driving device is connected with a motor in the handle through a signal line to control the hollow annular ultrasonic transducer to rotate, the laser driving device is connected with the optical fiber to control laser emission, the zoom lens driving device is connected with the zoom lens through a signal line to control zooming, and the data acquisition card is connected with the hollow annular ultrasonic transducer through a signal line to acquire received photoacoustic signals;
the display module comprises a computer, wherein a control program corresponding to the control module is contained in the computer, so that the operation of the control hardware circuit can be controlled, and the result can be displayed and analyzed.
The optical fiber is connected to a laser driving device through a rotating shaft, the laser driving device controls output pulse laser light to be transmitted, then the output pulse laser light is collimated into parallel light through a collimating lens, the parallel light is focused through a zoom lens, the focused light is reflected by a reflecting mirror at an angle of 45 degrees, then the light beam vertically passes through a glass column and is finally focused on tissue, photoacoustic signals generated by the tissue are received by an ultrasonic transducer and converted into electric signals, and then the electric signals are finally transmitted to a data acquisition card through a signal line.
As a preferable technical scheme, the water bag is made of novel water-based polyester, namely a New-Pu film, the thickness of the water bag is 60-80 um, the light transmittance is 50-60%, and the sound transmittance is 90-95%.
According to a preferable technical scheme, the diameter of the outer sleeve is 8-12 mm, water is injected into the water sac through a water injection channel, the outer sleeve comprises a water injection port and a groove, the wall of the outer sleeve is internally provided with the water injection channel, the water sac is clamped on the groove through a sealing ring, and the water injection channel is connected with an injector through a hose to inject water into the water sac.
As a preferable technical scheme, a motor and an electric slip ring are arranged in the handle, and the probe module is controlled to rotate for 360 degrees through the motor and the electric slip ring.
As a preferred technical solution, the driving process of the motor driving device is as follows:
the rotating shaft penetrates through the electric slip ring in the handle and then is fixed on the rotating shaft of the motor through a screw, wherein the motor, the electric slip ring and the rotating shaft are coaxially arranged, and the motor driving device controls the motor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate for 360 degrees, so that 360-degree annular sweeping of the endoscope is realized.
As a preferred technical solution, the driving process of the zoom lens driving apparatus is:
the zoom lens is connected with a zoom lens driving device through a zoom lens control line, the zoom lens driving device realizes continuous zooming of the zoom lens by continuously changing voltage, a voltage range with a focus point being 10 mm-20 mm away from the surface of the ultrasonic transducer is selected as a primary continuous zooming range according to the corresponding relation between the driving voltage and the focal length of the zoom lens, and a zoom lens driving program on a computer controls the zoom lens to continuously zoom, wherein the zooming precision is 0.04 mm.
As a preferred technical scheme, the processing process of the data acquisition card is as follows:
the probe module is connected with the data acquisition card through a signal line, the zoom lens driving device and the data acquisition card are connected to a computer, the motor rotates by a step angle after the zoom lens finishes continuous zooming for just one time, the zoom lens driving program on the computer controls the voltage value of the zoom lens driving device and collects received photoacoustic signals at the same time, therefore, in one position, the light focus gradually increases to 20mm from 0.04mm at a position 10mm away from the surface of the ultrasonic transducer, meanwhile, the data acquisition card collects photoacoustic signal data corresponding to each focus, then the motor rotates by an angle, and the same steps are repeated at the next position until the light focus rotates by 360 degrees.
The invention also provides a method for realizing the photoacoustic endoscope based on the self-adaptive focusing of the light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag, which comprises the following steps:
(1) based on that a photoacoustic signal is generated when a water sac with the light transmittance of 50% -60% is irradiated by 532nm pulse laser, measuring the amplitude of the photoacoustic signal of the water sac when a focus is on the water sac by taking the water sac as a sample;
(2) injecting water into a water injection channel of the outer sleeve through the injector, discharging gas in the water injection channel, sleeving the water sac on the probe module, and slowly inserting the probe module into the rectum;
(3) injecting water into the water bag to enable the water bag and the intestinal cavity to be tightly attached together, wherein a first signal acquired by a data acquisition card is a photoacoustic signal of the water bag, adjusting a zoom lens to zoom continuously, the continuous zoom refers to that a light focus is zoomed within a range of 10-20 mm from the surface of the probe glass column with precision of 0.04mm, and data with a first signal amplitude value closest to the photoacoustic signal amplitude value of the water bag when the focus is measured on the water bag in the step (1) is selected as a first group of data, the first group of data comprises the photoacoustic signal amplitude value and the distance from the light focus to the surface of the probe glass column, the second group of data is data acquired after the distance value from the light focus to the surface of the probe glass column is increased by 0.04mm, and the later data are acquired in the same way;
(4) after the probe rotates by a step angle, the laser is aligned to the next position, and the process of the step (3) is repeated until the probe rotates by 360 degrees, all the photoacoustic signal values in the first group of data of different angles are the photoacoustic signal values of the water bag when the focus is on the water bag, namely the initial boundary of the intestine and the first layer of data;
(5) after a circle of first group data at different positions of 360 degrees forms first layer data, data at a position corresponding to a focus of each layer of data are obtained in the same way, and finally, signals of all layers except signals of the first layer of water sac are reconstructed to obtain a high-resolution photoacoustic image of the intestine.
As a preferable technical solution, in the step (1), the photoacoustic signal amplitude is measured by the following method:
and when the water sac is not added, the water sac is used as a detection sample, the zoom lens is controlled by the zoom lens driving device to zoom continuously, the value with the maximum amplitude is selected from the photoacoustic signals collected by the data acquisition card, and the maximum value is the amplitude of the photoacoustic signals of the water sac when the light focus is positioned on the water sac.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) the photoacoustic endoscope based on the self-adaptive focusing of the light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag can focus different depths of a cavity with an irregular shape at the same angle, so that a high-resolution and high-contrast image is obtained.
(2) The invention utilizes the flexible matching of the water bag and the cavity, and the water bag can be completely attached to the irregular cavity without a gap. The existing photoacoustic endoscope cannot be completely attached to a cavity with an irregular shape, water or other liquid needs to be injected into the cavity to serve as an ultrasonic coupling agent, and due to the fact that secretion generated by an intestinal cavity enters the used coupling liquid, light beams are diverged, the focusing effect is influenced, and therefore resolution is reduced. The water sac can be completely attached to the irregular intestinal cavity, and no other substances exist in the middle, so that the defect that the light focusing is influenced after the couplant is polluted can be effectively overcome.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an entire photoacoustic endoscope based on adaptive focusing of a light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water sac according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a probe module of a photoacoustic endoscope based on adaptive focusing of a light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a photoacoustic endoscope based on the adaptive focusing of a light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water sac according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate: the ultrasonic probe comprises a probe module 1, a zoom lens driving device 2, a motor driving device 3, a laser driving device 4, a data acquisition card 5, a computer 6, a water bag 7, a hollow ultrasonic transducer 8, a light-transmitting glass column 9, a 45-degree reflecting mirror 10, a zoom lens 11, a collimating mirror 12, an optical fiber 13, a signal line 14, a zoom lens control line 15, a groove 16, a rotating shaft 17, an outer sleeve 18, a water injection channel 19, a water injection port 20, a handle 21, an irregular cavity 22 and an optical focus 23.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
With reference to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, a photoacoustic endoscope based on adaptive focusing of a light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the device comprises a probe module 1, a zoom lens driver 2, a motor driver 3, a laser driver 4 and a data acquisition card 5.
The probe module 1 comprises a water bag 7, a hollow annular ultrasonic transducer 8, an optical assembly, a rotating shaft 17, an outer sleeve 18 and a handle 21; the optical assembly is positioned in the hollow annular ultrasonic transducer and the rotating shaft, the rear end of the rotating shaft is fixed in the handle, the outer sleeve is sleeved outside the rotating shaft, the far end of the outer sleeve is fixed on the handle, and the water sac is sleeved at the front end of the outer sleeve;
with the hollow annular ultrasonic transducer 8 as the front end, the optical components sequentially from front to back: the device comprises a glass column, a 45-degree reflector, a zoom lens, a collimating lens and an optical fiber; the centers of the 45-degree reflecting mirror, the zoom lens, the collimating mirror and the optical fiber are on the same straight line and are vertical to the central line of the glass column; the optical fiber is fixed at the center of the outer sleeve through a bearing, a laser driving device in the control module controls to emit 532nm pulse laser, the laser beam is collimated into parallel light through the collimating mirror and then is focused through the zoom lens, the focused light beam changes from horizontal to vertical after passing through the center of the reflector with the angle of 45 degrees, and finally the focused light beam passes through the glass column and is focused on tissues, wherein the glass column plays a role in light transmission and sealing, so that the smooth passing of a light path can be ensured, and other optical components except the glass column can be isolated from the ultrasonic couplant outside the hollow annular ultrasonic transducer;
the control module comprises a motor driving device, a laser driving device, a zoom lens driving device and a data acquisition card; the motor driving device is connected with a motor in the handle through a signal line to control the rotation of the hollow annular ultrasonic transducer, the laser driving device is connected with the optical fiber to control laser emission, the zoom lens driving device is connected with the zoom lens through a signal line to control zooming, and the data acquisition card is connected with the hollow annular ultrasonic transducer through a signal line to acquire received photoacoustic signals
The process of light excitation and sound receiving comprises the following steps: the optical fiber 13 is connected to the laser driver 4 through the rotating shaft 17, the laser driver 4 controls output pulse laser light to be transmitted, then the output pulse laser light is collimated into parallel light through the collimating mirror 12, the parallel light is focused through the zoom lens 11, the focused light is reflected by an angle of 45 degrees, then the light beam vertically passes through the glass column 9 and is finally focused on tissue, photoacoustic signals generated by the tissue are received by the hollow ultrasonic transducer 8 and are converted into electric signals, and then the electric signals are finally transmitted to the data acquisition card 5 through the signal wire 14. Wherein the centers of the optical fiber 13, the collimator lens 12, the zoom lens 11, and the 45 ° angle reflecting mirror 10 are on a straight line.
The diameter of the outer sleeve 18 is 8 mm-12 mm, the diameter is preferably 10mm in the embodiment, water is injected into the water sac through a water injection channel, the outer sleeve comprises a water injection port and a groove, the wall of the outer sleeve is internally provided with a water injection channel, the water sac is clamped on the groove through a sealing ring, and the water injection channel is connected with an injector through a hose to inject water into the water sac. The water bag water injection process comprises the following steps: the water filling port 20 is connected with a hose with an injector, the injector is filled with water, the injector is pushed to enable the water to flow into the water filling channel 19, gas of the water filling channel is discharged, the water sac 7 is attached to the outer sleeve 18 and clamped on the groove 16 through a sealing ring, the water sac 7 is a novel water-based polyester (New-Pu) film, the thickness of the water sac 7 is 60-80 um, the light transmittance is 50-60%, the sound transmittance is 90-95%, after a part of the outer sleeve 18 enters the irregular cavity 22, in the embodiment, the irregular cavity 22 is a rectum, the water enters the water sac 7 through the injector to prop up the water sac 7 until the water sac 7 clings to the rectal wall, and as shown in figure 3, the shape of the water sac 7 is the shape of the rectum at the moment.
The motor drive device 3 control process includes: the rotating shaft 17 penetrates through the hollow electric slip ring in the handle 21 and then is fixed on the rotating shaft of the motor through a screw, wherein the motor, the electric slip ring and the rotating shaft are coaxially arranged, and the motor driving device 3 controls the motor to drive the rotating shaft 17 to rotate for 360 degrees, so that 360-degree annular scanning of the endoscope is realized.
The zoom lens driving apparatus 2 process includes: the zoom lens 11 is connected with the zoom lens driving device 2 through a zoom lens control line 15, the zoom lens driving device 2 continuously changes voltage to realize continuous zooming of the zoom lens 11, a voltage range with a focus being 10 mm-20 mm away from the surface of the hollow ultrasonic transducer 8 is selected as a primary continuous zooming range according to the corresponding relation between the driving voltage and the focal length of the zoom lens 11, and a zoom lens driving program on the computer 6 controls the zoom lens driving device 2 to continuously zoom, wherein the zooming precision is 0.04 mm.
The data acquisition and processing process comprises the following steps: the probe module 1 is connected with the data acquisition card 5 through the signal line 14, the zoom lens driving device 2 and the data acquisition card 5 are connected to the computer 6, the motor rotates by a step angle after the zoom lens 11 finishes continuous zooming, the zoom lens driving program on the computer controls the voltage value of the zoom lens driving device 2 and acquires the received photoacoustic signals, therefore, in one position, the light focus gradually increases to 20mm at a position 10mm away from the surface of the hollow ultrasonic transducer 8 at a distance of 0.04mm, meanwhile, the data acquisition card 5 acquires photoacoustic signal data corresponding to each focal length, then the motor rotates by an angle, and the same steps are repeated in the next position until the light focus rotates by 360 degrees.
Because the thickness of the water bag 7 is 60-80 um, the acquired first photoacoustic signal is the signal of the water bag, because the photoacoustic signal of the water bag when the light focus is on the water bag is measured before the straight intestine is imaged formally, in the process of acquiring the photoacoustic signal by the data acquisition card 5 at one position, the program on the computer 6 screens out the data when the amplitude of the acquired first photoacoustic signal is closest to the amplitude of the photoacoustic signal of the water bag 7 when the focus is on the water bag 7, the data comprises the voltage value of the zoom lens drive 2 and the acquired photoacoustic signal as a first group of data of one position, the probe rotates 360 degrees to obtain a first group of data of different positions to form a first layer of signal, the second group of data is selected to be the data of which the focal length is increased by 0.3mm in the first group of data, all second groups of signals of different positions of 360 degrees form a second layer of signal, and the third layer is screened out similarly, and in the fourth layer and the like, signals of each layer are signals at a focus, as shown in the schematic diagram in the figure 3, the positions of the focuses 23 at different depths in the same angle can be clearly seen, and the high-resolution photoacoustic image of the intestine can be obtained by reconstructing the rest signals except the signals of the first layer of water sac.
The accurate boundary positioning process based on the water bag comprises the following steps: firstly, a focus is adjusted on the water sac to measure the photoacoustic signal amplitude of the water sac, and the photoacoustic signal amplitude is acquired during rectal photoacoustic imaging.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a specific implementation method of a photoacoustic endoscope based on self-adaptive focusing of a light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag, which comprises the following steps:
(1) and when the water sac is not added, the water sac is used as a detection sample, the zoom lens is driven and controlled to zoom continuously through the zoom lens, the value with the maximum amplitude is selected from the photoacoustic signals collected by the data acquisition card, and the value is the photoacoustic signal of the water sac when the light focus is positioned on the water sac.
(2) A syringe with a hose for containing water is connected with a water filling port on the outer sleeve, water is filled into a water filling channel to remove gas inside, and then a water bag is clamped on a clamping groove of the outer sleeve through a sealing ring, wherein the water bag is sleeved on the clamping groove in front, the water bag is vacuum and has no gas, and the sealing ring is made of medical grade materials.
(3) After the probe is deeply inserted into the rectum, the injector is pushed to inject water into the water sac until the water sac is tightly attached to the wall of the rectum.
(4) The laser device drives and controls to output 532nm pulse laser, the motor drives and controls the motor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate for 360 degrees, and the program on the computer is operated to control the zoom lens to zoom continuously and the acquisition card to acquire the optical acoustic signals received by the ultrasonic transducer.
(5) Because the thickness of the water bag is 60-80 um, and the amplitude of the photoacoustic signal when the focus is on the water bag is known according to the step (1), when the water bag is attached to the intestinal wall to scan a position, the first signal acquired by the data acquisition card is the signal of the water bag, in the continuous zooming process of the zoom lens, the data, which is obtained by screening the amplitude of the first photoacoustic signal and the amplitude of the photoacoustic signal of the known water bag by a program on a computer, is a first group of data, including the signal amplitude and the driving voltage of the zoom lens, the second group of data is the data acquired by increasing the distance value of the light focus in the first group of data from the glass column surface of the probe by 0.3mm, and the later data are acquired in the same way.
(6) And (3) after the probe rotates by a step angle, aligning the laser to the next position, and repeating the process in the step (5) until the probe rotates by 360 degrees, wherein all the photoacoustic signal values in the first group of data of different angles are the photoacoustic signal values of the water bag when the focus is on the water bag, namely the initial boundary of the intestine and the first layer of data.
(7) After a first group of data at different positions on a circle of 360 degrees forms a first layer of data, a second layer, a third layer and the like are obtained in the same way, data at the corresponding focus of each layer of data are obtained, and finally, signals of all layers except the signal of the first layer of water sac are reconstructed to obtain a high-resolution photoacoustic image of the intestine.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A photoacoustic endoscope based on self-adaptive focusing of a light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag is characterized by comprising a probe module, a control module and a display module which are sequentially connected; the probe module comprises a water bag, a hollow annular ultrasonic transducer, an optical assembly, a rotating shaft, an outer sleeve and a handle; the ultrasonic probe comprises a rotating shaft, a hollow annular ultrasonic transducer, a probe module, an optical assembly, a handle, an outer sleeve and a water sac, wherein the hollow annular ultrasonic transducer is arranged at the front end of the rotating shaft, the probe module is connected with the rotating shaft, the optical assembly is positioned in the probe module and the rotating shaft, the rear end of the rotating shaft is fixed in the handle, the outer sleeve is sleeved outside the rotating shaft, the rear end of the outer sleeve is fixed on the handle, and the water sac is sleeved; the water bag is made of novel water-based polyester, namely a New-Pu film, the thickness of the water bag is 60-80 um, the light transmittance is 50-60%, and the sound transmittance is 90-95%;
the position of the hollow annular ultrasonic transducer is taken as the front end, and the optical components are sequentially arranged from front to back; a 45-degree angle reflector, a zoom lens, a collimating lens and an optical fiber; the centers of the 45-degree reflecting mirror, the zoom lens, the collimating mirror and the optical fiber are on the same straight line and are vertical to the central line of the glass column; the optical fiber is fixed at the center of the outer sleeve through a bearing, a laser driving device in the control module controls to emit 532nm pulse laser, the laser beam is collimated into parallel light through the collimating mirror and then is focused through the zoom lens, the focused light beam changes from horizontal to vertical after passing through the center of the 45-degree reflector, and finally passes through the glass column and focuses on a tissue, wherein the glass column plays a role in light transmission and sealing, so that a light path is ensured to pass smoothly;
the control module comprises a motor driving device, a laser driving device, a zoom lens driving device and a data acquisition card; the motor driving device is connected with a motor in the handle through a signal line to control the hollow annular ultrasonic transducer to rotate, the laser driving device is connected with the optical fiber to control laser emission, the zoom lens driving device is connected with the zoom lens through a signal line to control zooming, and the data acquisition card is connected with the hollow annular ultrasonic transducer through a signal line to acquire received photoacoustic signals;
the display module comprises a computer, wherein the computer contains a control program corresponding to the control module, and the result is displayed and analyzed;
the steps of obtaining the high-resolution photoacoustic image based on the photoacoustic endoscope with the light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag for self-adaptive focusing are as follows:
the method comprises the steps that a first signal acquired by a data acquisition card is a photoacoustic signal of a water sac, a zoom lens is adjusted to zoom continuously, the continuous zoom refers to the fact that the focus of light zooms within the range of 10 mm-20 mm from the surface of a probe glass column with the precision of 0.04mm, data, which is the data, with the amplitude of a first signal being closest to the amplitude of the photoacoustic signal of the water sac when the focus is measured on the water sac, is selected as a first group of data, the first group of data comprises the amplitude of the photoacoustic signal and the distance between the focus of light and the surface of the probe glass column, the second group of data is the data acquired after the distance between the focus of light and the surface of the probe glass column is increased by 0.04mm in the first group;
after the probe rotates a step angle, the laser is aligned to the next position, the process of the steps is repeated until the probe rotates 360 degrees, all the photoacoustic signal values in the first group of data of different angles are the photoacoustic signal values of the water bag when the focus is on the water bag, namely the initial boundary of the intestine and the first layer of data;
after a circle of first group data at different positions of 360 degrees forms first layer data, data at a position corresponding to a focus of each layer of data are obtained in the same way, and finally, signals of all layers except signals of the first layer of water sac are reconstructed to obtain a high-resolution photoacoustic image of the intestine.
2. The photoacoustic endoscope based on the self-adaptive focusing of the light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag according to claim 1, wherein the optical fiber is connected to a laser driving device through a rotating shaft, the laser driving device controls output pulse laser light to be transmitted, then the output pulse laser light is collimated into parallel light through a collimating mirror, then the parallel light is focused through a zoom lens, the focused light is reflected by a reflecting mirror with an angle of 45 degrees, then the light beam vertically passes through a glass column and is finally focused on a tissue, photoacoustic signals generated by the tissue are received by an ultrasonic transducer and converted into electric signals, and then the electric signals are finally transmitted to a data acquisition card through a signal line.
3. The photoacoustic endoscope based on the self-adaptive focusing of the light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag is characterized in that the diameter of the outer sleeve is 8-12 mm, water is injected into the water bag through a water injection channel, the outer sleeve comprises a water injection port and a groove, the wall of the outer sleeve is internally provided with the water injection channel, the water bag is clamped on the groove through a sealing ring, and the water injection channel is connected with an injector through a hose to inject water into the water bag.
4. The photoacoustic endoscope based on the adaptive focusing of the light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag of claim 1, wherein a motor and an electrical slip ring are arranged inside the handle, and the probe module is controlled to rotate for 360 degrees by the motor and the electrical slip ring.
5. The photoacoustic endoscope based on the adaptive focusing of the light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag of claim 4, wherein the driving process of the motor driving device is as follows:
the rotating shaft penetrates through the electric slip ring in the handle and then is fixed on the rotating shaft of the motor through a screw, wherein the motor, the electric slip ring and the rotating shaft are coaxially arranged, and the motor driving device controls the motor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate for 360 degrees, so that 360-degree annular sweeping of the endoscope is realized.
6. The photoacoustic endoscope based on the adaptive focusing of the light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag of claim 1, wherein the driving process of the zoom lens driving device is as follows:
the zoom lens is connected with a zoom lens driving device through a zoom lens control line, the zoom lens driving device realizes continuous zooming of the zoom lens by continuously changing voltage, a voltage range with a focus point being 10 mm-20 mm away from the surface of the ultrasonic transducer is selected as a primary continuous zooming range according to the corresponding relation between the driving voltage and the focal length of the zoom lens, and a zoom lens driving program on a computer controls the zoom lens to continuously zoom, wherein the zooming precision is 0.04 mm.
7. The photoacoustic endoscope based on the self-adaptive focusing of the light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition card has the following processing procedures:
the probe module is connected with the data acquisition card through a signal line, the zoom lens driving device and the data acquisition card are connected to a computer, the motor rotates by a step angle after the zoom lens finishes continuous zooming for just one time, the zoom lens driving program on the computer controls the voltage value of the zoom lens driving device and collects received photoacoustic signals at the same time, therefore, in one position, the light focus gradually increases to 20mm from 0.04mm at a position 10mm away from the surface of the ultrasonic transducer, meanwhile, the data acquisition card collects photoacoustic signal data corresponding to each focus, then the motor rotates by an angle, and the same steps are repeated at the next position until the light focus rotates by 360 degrees.
8. The photoacoustic endoscope based on the adaptive focusing of the light-transmitting and sound-transmitting water bag of claim 1, wherein the photoacoustic signal amplitude is measured by:
and when the water sac is not added, the water sac is used as a detection sample, the zoom lens is controlled by the zoom lens driving device to zoom continuously, the value with the maximum amplitude is selected from the photoacoustic signals collected by the data acquisition card, and the maximum value is the amplitude of the photoacoustic signals of the water sac when the light focus is positioned on the water sac.
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| CN109044248B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-02-19 | 华南师范大学 | Three-dimensional photoacoustic endoscope in curved cavity based on snake bone direction changing and imaging method thereof |
| CN112304868A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2021-02-02 | 上海科技大学 | Portable photoacoustic imaging device, zooming and beam expanding device and photoacoustic imaging test system |
| CN112957075A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-15 | 苏州希声科技有限公司 | Sliding ring type ultrasonic endoscope probe and imaging method |
| CN113081043B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-07-05 | 北京航空航天大学 | Ultrasonic imaging detector |
| CN113740436A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-03 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司检修试验中心 | 126kV three-phase common-box basin-type insulator interface defect phase control ultrasonic detection method |
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