CN107632060A - A kind of defect inspection device based on fibre optic magnetic field sensing - Google Patents
A kind of defect inspection device based on fibre optic magnetic field sensing Download PDFInfo
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- CN107632060A CN107632060A CN201710852429.7A CN201710852429A CN107632060A CN 107632060 A CN107632060 A CN 107632060A CN 201710852429 A CN201710852429 A CN 201710852429A CN 107632060 A CN107632060 A CN 107632060A
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- optical fiber
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of defect inspection device based on fibre optic magnetic field sensing, belong to technical field of optical fiber sensing, including magnetizing part, magneto-optic converting member, optical generator, photoelectric conversion part and Light Transceiving Part, Light Transceiving Part is connected with magneto-optic converting member, optical generator and photoelectric conversion part；Magnetizing part edge magnetizes to tested pipeline；Optical generator inputs lightwave signal through Light Transceiving Part to magneto-optic converting member；Magneto-optic converting member sets the lightwave signal for carrying stray field information to be in the closed circuit transferred to photoelectric conversion part through Light Transceiving Part, photoelectric conversion part converts optical signal into electric signal and analyzed for upper analytical equipment, size and position the defects of so as to obtain tested pipeline inwall corresponding to stray field.The present invention will not produce electric spark phenomenon when carrying out defects detection to tested pipeline, securely and reliably, high sensitivity, long lifespan, distribution, real-time online, permanent monitoring can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber sensing, in particular to a kind of pipeline defect and magnetic leakage of fibre optic magnetic field sensing
Detection means.
Background technology
Oil and natural gas is one of principal mode existing for the current energy, and its long distance transportation is largely defeated by length
What pipeline was realized.Because pipeline leakage event is sent out again and again caused by the reasons such as long neglected and in disrepair, corrosion, wear and accidental injury
It is raw, huge economic loss is not only caused, and environment is seriously polluted, endanger the health of the mankind.Existing ferromagnetism
The detection method of pipeline mainly has leakage method.Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting is a kind of automatic lossless inspection to be automated as purpose and grow up
Survey technology, similar with Magnetic testing, the conventional sensor of Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting has induction coil, magnetodiode (SMD), tape, magnetic
Open gate, magnetic probe, Hall element etc., in actual use these sensors there is a problem in that：
The principle of induction coil is electromagnetic induction principle, i.e. the conductor of closed circuit meeting when the magnetic field intercepts magnetic line of force moves
Electric current is produced, so as to which magnetic signal is converted into electric signal, electric spark phenomenon can be produced, safe coefficient is low；Magnetodiode is because of it
Temperature coefficient and the non-linear of output reduce measurement accuracy to a certain extent；Tape detection subtraction unit complexity degree is high；
Fluxgate sensor can only detect Slowly Varying magnetic field and static magnetic field, and application is narrow；Magnetic probe measurement range is narrow, magnetic conductivity is non-thread
Property prevents it from being used widely；Hall element device is more crisp, rapid wear, and sensitivity is not high enough.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, The present invention provides a kind of pipeline defect and magnetic leakage of fibre optic magnetic field sensing detects dress
Put, to solve the problems, such as that existing leakage magnetic detection device security is not high enough, application is narrow, sensitivity is not high.
To reach above-mentioned technical purpose, technical scheme provided by the invention is：A kind of defect of pipeline of fibre optic magnetic field sensing
Leakage magnetic detection device, it is characterised in that received including magnetizing part, magneto-optic converting member, optical generator, photoelectric conversion part, light
Part is sent out, the Light Transceiving Part is connected with magneto-optic converting member, optical generator and the photoelectric conversion part；
The magnetizing part magnetizes along tested pipeline axis direction to tested pipeline, magnetizes the magnetic line of force of formation in quilt
Closed-loop path is formed between test tube road and magnetizing part；
The optical generator inputs lightwave signal through Light Transceiving Part to the magneto-optic converting member；
The magneto-optic converting member is arranged in the closed-loop path, and the stray field interference in by the closed-loop path causes
The lightwave signal change of the magneto-optic converting member transmission, the magneto-optic converting member will carry the lightwave signal of stray field information
The photoelectric conversion part is transferred to through the Light Transceiving Part, the optical signal is converted into telecommunications by the photoelectric conversion part
Number upper analytical equipment of confession is analyzed, size and position the defects of so as to obtain tested pipeline inwall corresponding to the stray field
Put.
Further, the Light Transceiving Part passes through with magneto-optic converting member, optical generator and the photoelectric conversion part
Signal transmission fiber connects.
Further, the magnetizing part is made up of two permanent magnets, magnetic conductors, and the magnetic conductor is connected to described two
Between permanent magnet, the pole orientation at the magnetic conductor both ends is opposite.
Further, the magneto-optic converting member is optical fiber magnetic sensor；It is accurate that the optical fiber magnetic sensor includes optical fiber
Straight device, magnetostriction pipe and glass bar, one end of the optical fiber collimator connect the signal transmission fiber, and the other end stretches into institute
One end in the pipe of magnetostriction pipe is stated, the other end fixes the glass bar, the fiber optic collimator in the pipe of the magnetostriction pipe
Optics F-P cavity is formed between device and the glass bar in the magnetostriction pipe.
The operation principle of Pipeline Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspection device based on fibre optic magnetic field sensing of the present invention is：Will using magnetizing part
Metal material tested pipeline is magnetized to depth saturation, and the stray field signal in tested pipeline is passed through into thing using magneto-optic converting member
Reason transform mode is converted into the lightwave signal with leakage field field characteristic, and the lightwave signal with leakage field field characteristic is output into photoelectricity
Detector, lightwave signal is converted into electric signal output to upper analytical equipment using photodetector, by electric signal
Analysis draws defective locations corresponding to stray field and size.Magneto-optic converting member uses optical fiber magnetic sensor, optical fiber magnetic sensor
Operation principle be：Magnetostriction pipe is sensitive to changes of magnetic field, and the tube wall of magnetostriction pipe produces flexible cause under magnetic fields
The lightwave signal characteristic of transmission wherein is set to change, thus by safe and reliable physical transformations mode by stray field signal
Conversion is for lightwave signal.
The situation of prior art is different from, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) leakage field information is converted into safe and reliable light wave by physical transformations mode by magneto-optic converting member to believe
Number, wave optical signal is transmitted using signal transmission fiber, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, will not produce electric spark phenomenon, peace
It is complete reliable.
(2) the magneto-optic converting member used for optical fiber magnetic sensor, optical fiber magnetic sensor have small volume, high sensitivity,
The characteristics of anti-oxidant, antiacid caustic corrosion ability is strong, long lifespan, distribution, real-time online, permanent monitoring can be achieved.
Brief description of the drawings
The accompanying drawing of the present invention is used for providing further understanding of the present application, forms the part of the application, attached at these
Same or analogous part is represented in figure using identical reference number, in the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the pipeline defect and magnetic leakage detection device described in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the optical fiber magnetic sensor described in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the optical fiber magnetic sensor described in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the pipeline defect and magnetic leakage detection device described in the embodiment of the present invention 3
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the pipeline defect and magnetic leakage detection device described in the embodiment of the present invention 4；
Label in figure is expressed as：1- magnetic conductors, 2- permanent magnets, 3- magneto-optic converting members, 4- Light Transceiving Parts, 5- light hair
Raw device, 6- photoelectric conversion parts, the tube wall of 7- tested pipelines, 8- steel brushes, 9- signal transmission fibers, 10- circular ring elements, 31- light
Fine collimater, 32- reflectance coatings, 33- magnetostriction pipes, 34- glass bars, 35- Laser Welding contacts.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the application clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, to this
Application is described in further detail, and the schematic description and description of the application is used to explain the application, composition pair
The improper restriction of the application.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a kind of pipeline defect and magnetic leakage detection device of fibre optic magnetic field sensing, including magnetizing part, magnetic
Light converting member 3, optical generator 5, photoelectric conversion part 6, Light Transceiving Part 4, Light Transceiving Part 4 and magneto-optic converting member 3, light
Generator 5 and photoelectric conversion part 6 are connected by signal transmission fiber 9, and magnetizing part and magneto-optic converting member 3 are arranged on tested
In pipeline, optical generator 5, photoelectric conversion part 6, Light Transceiving Part 4 are arranged at outside tested pipeline.So in tested pipeline
Magneto-optic converting member 3 is enabled more delicately to detect stray field so as to improve measurement accuracy.
The lightwave signal that optical generator 5 is sent is to believe with the general wide broadband light wave of setting, and light source of its output is steady
Qualitative light source, magnetizing part magnetize along tested pipeline axis direction to tested pipeline inside, and the magnetic line of force for magnetizing formation exists
Inside tested pipeline closed-loop path is formed between magnetizing part；Optical generator 5 is through Light Transceiving Part 4 to magneto-optic converting member 3
Lightwave signal is inputted, magneto-optic converting member 3 is set in the closed circuit, and the stray field interference in by closed-loop path causes magneto-optic to turn
The lightwave signal change of the transmission of part 3 is changed, magneto-optic converting member 3 will carry the lightwave signal of stray field information through Light Transceiving Part
4 are transferred to photoelectric conversion part 6, and photoelectric conversion part 6 converts optical signal into electric signal；Electric signal enters for upper analytical equipment
Row analysis, size and position the defects of so as to obtain tested pipeline inwall corresponding to stray field.
Wherein, Light Transceiving Part 4 is fiber optical circulator, and photoelectric conversion part 6 is photodetector, and photodetector can be with
From photoconductive detector or photovoltaic detector commonly used in the art, magneto-optic converting member 3 is optical fiber magnetic sensor, wherein light
Between fine circulator and optical fiber magnetic sensor according to tested pipeline length setting signal Transmission Fibers 9 length.
Wherein, magnetizing part is made up of two permanent magnets, 2, magnetic conductors 1, and permanent magnet 2 is ndfeb magnet, magnetic conductor
1 is technical pure iron staff, and magnetic conductor 1 is connected between two permanent magnets 2, is so oppositely arranged two permanent magnets, 1 liang of magnetic conductor
The pole orientation at end is on the contrary, i.e. magnetic field caused by two ndfeb magnets is respectively N poles, S poles.Optical fiber magnetic sensor includes optical fiber
Collimater 31, magnetostriction pipe 33 and glass bar 34, wherein, magnetostriction pipe 33 is made of giant magnetostrictive material, optical fiber
One end connection signal transmission fiber 9 of collimater 31, the other end extend into one end in the pipe of magnetostriction pipe 33, magnetostriction pipe
The other end fixes glass bar 34 in 33 pipe, forms optics between optical fiber collimator 31 and glass bar 34 in magnetostriction pipe 33
F-P cavity, by laser welding between optical fiber collimator 31, glass bar 34 and magnetostriction pipe 33, the Laser Welding contact after welding
35 is as shown in Figure 2.So, the first port of optical fiber circulator is connected by signal transmission fiber 9 with optical generator 5, the second end
Mouth is connected to send optical generator 5 by one end of optical fiber collimator 31 of signal transmission fiber 9 and optical fiber magnetic sensor
Lightwave signal is coupled into optics F-P cavity, and the 3rd port is electrically connected by signal transmission fiber 9 with the input of photodetector.
In the present embodiment, optical fiber magnetic sensor is 1, and is fixed on two by a fixed component insensitive to magnetic field
Between individual ndfeb magnet, punched among this part, optical fiber magnetic sensor is fixed in hole, the both ends difference of part
It is fixed on two ndfeb magnets or is fixed on technical pure iron staff, so optical fiber magnetic sensor is set by fixed component
In the magnetic field closed-loop path that tested pipeline and magnetizing part are formed.
In the present embodiment, upper analytical equipment includes A/D data collecting cards, computer, the electricity that photodetector transmits out
After the shaped amplification of signal, data signal input computer is converted into through A/D in A/D data collecting cards, is provided with computer
Software be based on fiber F-P cavity reflectance spectrum magnetic field signal Processing Algorithm and array magnetic detection pipeline Three-Dimensional Magnetic imaging method, it is right
Flaw indication is handled, analyzed, judged, so as to detect the size of tested pipeline defect, position.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 3, the another embodiment as embodiment 1, optical fiber magnetic sensor is in the face of optical fiber collimator 31
Glass bar 34 and the face optical fiber collimator 31 of glass bar 34 while be coated with reflectance coating 32, reflectance coating 32 has setting
Reflectivity, optical fiber collimator 31 is GRIN Lens.So, the lightwave signal in optics F-P cavity is effectively transmitted, when
During the change of cavity length of optics F-P cavity, lightwave signal change is more sensitive, and transmission is more effective.
Embodiment 3
As shown in figure 4, the another embodiment as embodiment 1, optical fiber magnetic sensor is 8,8 optical fiber magnetic susceptibilities
Device is arranged between two permanent magnets and carries out circle distribution along tube wall, optical fiber magnetic sensor array is formed, specifically, in the dress
Introducing one is put to circular ring element 10 made of the insensitive material in magnetic field, 8 are evenly provided with the inwall of circular ring element 10
The individual hole for accommodating optical fiber magnetic sensor, 8 optical fiber magnetic sensors are fixed in hole, form optical fiber magnetic sensor array circle, each
The signal transmission fiber 9 that individual optical fiber magnetic sensor is connected with optical fiber circulator is embedded on the wall of circular ring element 10, by circular ring element
10 are arranged and are fixed on technical pure iron staff, make the axial direction of circular ring element 10 identical with the axial direction of tested pipeline inwall, such 8 light
Fine magnetic sensor can improve the detection coverage rate of the defect magnetic flux leakage field of tested pipeline tube wall 7, improve accuracy of detection.
Embodiment 4
As shown in figure 5, another way of example of embodiment 1, is all provided with the upper and lower ends of each ndfeb magnet
The steel brush 8 contacted with tested pipeline tube wall is equipped with, steel brush 8 is made up of more finer wires, so during propulsion, steel brush 8
Friction tested pipeline tube wall 7 sends magnetic field to pipeline, and so caused magnetic attraction makes magnetizing part and steel brush 8 be close to tube wall 7,
It is horizontal so as to form more consistent magnetic flux so as to reduce because in pushing course, being vibrated caused by magnetizing part.
It is pointed out that in actually measurement needs, magnetizing part, magneto-optic converting member, optical generator, photodetection
Device and optical fiber circulator can be also arranged on outside tested pipeline entirely, and magnetizing part is outside tested pipeline along tested pipeline axis direction
Tested pipeline is magnetized, the magnetic line of force for magnetizing formation is similarly formed between tested pipeline outer wall and magnetizing part and closed back
Road, it can also reach same measurement purpose.
The course of work of Pipeline Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspection device based on fibre optic magnetic field sensing of the present invention is：The device is placed in pipe
Road port promotes to pipeline inside, magnetizing part by local magnetized inside tested pipeline to depth saturation, when pipe surfaces externally and internally has
When crackle, hole point, hole, stray field will be produced.Optical generator 5 sends lightwave signal, and the first end through optical fiber circulator is defeated
Enter to fiber optical circulator, but the second end through fiber optical circulator is coupled in signal transmission fiber 9, in signal transmission fiber 9
A part of lightwave signal is reflected back in signal transmission fiber 9 through optical fiber collimator 31 and is used as the first lightwave signal；Another part light
Ripple signal is through the collimation of optical fiber collimator 31 output a to end face in magnetostriction pipe 33, when optical fiber magneto-dependent sensor is by managing
Caused by road defect during stray field position, under leakage field field action, magnetostriction pipe 33 produces flexible so that optics F-P cavity
Chamber length changes, and causes the spectral characteristic of the lightwave signal of the end face reflection of magnetostriction pipe 33 to change, optical fiber collimator
31 lightwave signal using characteristic changing is coupled in signal transmission fiber 9 as the second lightwave signal, the first lightwave signal with
Second lightwave signal interferes each other, and then forms the interference lightwave signal for carrying Magnetic Field.The interference lightwave signal
By the 3rd end coupling output of fiber optical circulator into photodetector, electric signal, telecommunications are converted into by photodetector
Number upload in upper analytical equipment, through after signal condition shaping is amplified and is handled using existing algorithm, detect by
Survey the characteristics such as size, the position of defect of pipeline.
Above example describes more specific and detailed, also gives some advantageous measures of embodiment, still, the reality
Limitation of the present invention can not be used as by applying example and advantageous measure, when those skilled in the art sees the program, according to implementation
Technical scheme between other deformation, the replacement of equivalent arrangements and embodiments that example is made merges, all should be in the guarantor of the present invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of defect inspection device based on fibre optic magnetic field sensing, it is characterised in that changed including magnetizing part, magneto-optic
Part, optical generator, photoelectric conversion part and Light Transceiving Part, the Light Transceiving Part are sent out with the magneto-optic converting member, light
Raw device and photoelectric conversion part connection；
The magnetizing part magnetizes along tested pipeline axis direction to tested pipeline, magnetizes the magnetic line of force of formation in measured tube
Closed-loop path is formed between road and magnetizing part；
The optical generator inputs lightwave signal through Light Transceiving Part to the magneto-optic converting member；
The magneto-optic converting member is arranged in the closed-loop path, and the stray field interference in by the closed-loop path causes described
The lightwave signal change of magneto-optic converting member transmission, the magneto-optic converting member will carry the lightwave signal of stray field information through institute
State Light Transceiving Part and be transferred to the photoelectric conversion part, the optical signal is converted into electric signal and supplied by the photoelectric conversion part
Upper analytical equipment is analyzed, size and position the defects of so as to obtain tested pipeline inwall corresponding to the stray field.
A kind of 2. defect inspection device based on fibre optic magnetic field sensing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Light Transceiving Part is stated to be connected by signal transmission fiber with magneto-optic converting member, optical generator and the photoelectric conversion part.
A kind of 3. defect inspection device based on fibre optic magnetic field sensing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating magnetizing part includes magnetic conductor and two permanent magnets, and the magnetic conductor is connected between two permanent magnets, the magnetic conductor two
The pole orientation at end is opposite.
A kind of 4. defect inspection device based on fibre optic magnetic field sensing according to claim 3, it is characterised in that institute
It is optical fiber magnetic sensor to state magneto-optic converting member；The optical fiber magnetic sensor includes optical fiber collimator, magnetostriction pipe and glass
Rod, one end of the optical fiber collimator connect the signal transmission fiber, and the other end is stretched into one in the pipe of the magnetostriction pipe
End, the other end fixes the glass bar in the pipe of the magnetostriction pipe, between the optical fiber collimator and the glass bar
Optics F-P cavity is formed in the magnetostriction pipe.
A kind of 5. defect inspection device based on fibre optic magnetic field sensing according to claim 3, it is characterised in that institute
Stating magnetizing part also includes being separately positioned on the permanent magnet upper and lower ends and the steel brush contacted with tested pipeline tube wall, the steel
Brush is made up of more finer wires.
A kind of 6. defect inspection device based on fibre optic magnetic field sensing according to claim 4, it is characterised in that institute
State glass bar described in optical fiber collimator face and the glass bar face described in optical fiber collimator while be coated with it is anti-
Film is penetrated, the reflectance coating has the reflectivity of setting, and the optical fiber collimator is GRIN Lens.
A kind of 7. defect inspection device based on fibre optic magnetic field sensing according to claim 4, it is characterised in that institute
Magnetostriction pipe is stated to be made of giant magnetostrictive material.
A kind of 8. defect inspection device based on fibre optic magnetic field sensing according to claim 4, it is characterised in that institute
Optical fiber magnetic sensor is stated to be arranged between the permanent magnet.
9. a kind of defect inspection device based on fibre optic magnetic field sensing according to claim 8, it is characterised in that also
Including circular ring element, the optical fiber magnetic sensor is several, and the optical fiber magnetic sensor is uniformly fixed on the circular ring element
Inwall on form optical fiber magnetic sensor array circle, the circular ring element is made up of the material insensitive to magnetic field.
A kind of 10. defect inspection device based on fibre optic magnetic field sensing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The lightwave signal that the optical generator is sent is with the general wide broadband lightwave signal of setting.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710852429.7A CN107632060B (en) | 2017-09-19 | 2017-09-19 | Pipeline defect detection device based on optical fiber magnetic field sensing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710852429.7A CN107632060B (en) | 2017-09-19 | 2017-09-19 | Pipeline defect detection device based on optical fiber magnetic field sensing |
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| CN107632060B CN107632060B (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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| CN201710852429.7A Expired - Fee Related CN107632060B (en) | 2017-09-19 | 2017-09-19 | Pipeline defect detection device based on optical fiber magnetic field sensing |
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| CN109813800A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-05-28 | 四川莱威盛世科技有限公司 | It is sensed based on optical fiber magnetic and combines collection magnetic surface scanning cannula defect inspection method and device |
| CN109839433A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-06-04 | 四川莱威盛世科技有限公司 | Metallic conduit defect location detection device and method based on collection magnetic surface scanning |
| CN110412119A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-11-05 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of low frequency Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting fault detection system based on white light interference |
| CN114720553A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-07-08 | 西北大学 | Pipeline magnetic flux leakage detection device based on optical fiber coupling diamond-nitrogen vacancy color center |
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