CN105334374A - Optical fiber current sensor - Google Patents
Optical fiber current sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN105334374A CN105334374A CN201510860159.5A CN201510860159A CN105334374A CN 105334374 A CN105334374 A CN 105334374A CN 201510860159 A CN201510860159 A CN 201510860159A CN 105334374 A CN105334374 A CN 105334374A
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- fiber optic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0092—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring current only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/24—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices
- G01R15/245—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices using magneto-optical modulators, e.g. based on the Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
- G01R15/246—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices using magneto-optical modulators, e.g. based on the Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect based on the Faraday, i.e. linear magneto-optic, effect
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an optical fiber current sensor which comprises a laser, a polarizer, an optical fiber beam splitter, optical fiber coils, polarization maintaining optical fibers, measured wires, Wollaston prisms, optical detectors and signal processors. A laser beam emitted out from the laser is polarized by the polarizer and then transmitted into the optical fiber beam splitter, the two output ends of the optical fiber beam splitter are each connected to the input end of one optical fiber coil through one polarization maintaining optical fiber, the output end of each polarization maintaining optical fiber is connected to the input end of the corresponding Wollaston prism through one polarization maintaining optical fiber, the output end of each Wollaston prism is provided with two optical detectors which are both connected with a first signal processing unit, and the two signal processing units are jointly connected with a second signal processing unit; the optical fiber surface of one of the optical fiber coils is coated with an electromagnetic shielding layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fibre optic current sensor, particularly relate to one and measure fibre optic current sensor accurately, belong to field of current measurement.
Background technology
The high speed development of modern industry, the conveying of electrical network and detection are had higher requirement, the measurement means of traditional high-voltage great-current will be faced with severe tests. the optical fiber current sensing system that the development along with optical fiber technology and material science gets up, because having good insulativity and antijamming capability, higher measuring accuracy, easy miniaturization, there is no a series of superiority such as potential explosion danger, and attract widespread attention. the cardinal principle of fibre optic current sensor is the Faraday effect utilizing magneto-optical crystal. according to of=VBI, by the measurement to Faraday rotation angle OF, the magnetic field intensity that electric current produces can be obtained, thus can size of current be calculated. due to optical fiber, to have anti-electromagnetic interference capability strong, good insulation preformance, the advantage that signal attenuation is little, thus in Faradic current sensor research, the general optical fiber that all adopts is as transmission medium, wherein a kind of working method is double detector method, shown in its principle of work Fig. 1.
The light transmission shaft direction of the polarizer becomes miter angle with two orthogonal polarization orientation of Wollaston prism, and Faraday rotation angle is θ,
I1＝(Io/2)(1+sin2θ)
I2＝(Io/2)(1-sin2θ)
P＝(I1-I2)/(I1+I2)
Become P=sin2 θ after simplification, when θ is far smaller than 1, namely become P=2 θ.
So, P value can be calculated by the size detecting I1 and I2, then θ value can be obtained by conversion, thus finally obtain the size of tested electric current, this Method And Principle, device are all fairly simple, and measuring method also can avoid light intensity fluctuation on the impact of result simultaneously.But this method is faced with another one problem, be exactly that degree of accuracy is not high, less stable, through our analysis, the reason producing these problems is mainly that extraneous interference is stronger.Such as, when measuring in the wild, due to the change of measurement environment, such as blow, rocking of power transmission line and fiber turns can be caused, these rock, and other possible vibrations etc. all may cause the change of linearly polarized light polarization state in optical fiber, also the rotation of plane of polarization can namely be there is, but the rotation of the plane of polarization caused like this is not because in power transmission line, strength of current change causes, but to cause due to disturbance, but be but embodied in measurement result on electric current, caused measurement result to occur error thus.
The present invention puts forward for the problems referred to above, low to solve fibre optic current sensor measuring accuracy in prior art, the problem of poor stability.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of brand-new current sensor, this sensor can measure the magnitude of current of transmission in wire accurately, can overcome defect of the prior art completely, completely not by the impact of environmental factor.
According to one embodiment of the invention, provide a kind of fibre optic current sensor, comprise laser instrument, the polarizer, fiber optic splitter, fiber optic coils, polarization maintaining optical fibre, tested wire, Wollaston prism, photo-detector, and signal processor, it is characterized in that: wherein the laser beam that sends of laser instrument partially or directly sends linearly polarized laser bundle be transferred to fiber optic splitter via rising after playing inclined 2, fiber optic splitter is 50: 50 splitting ratios, two output terminals of fiber optic splitter are connected to the input end of a fiber optic coils respectively by polarization maintaining optical fibre, the output terminal of each fiber optic coils is connected to the input end of a Wollaston prism respectively by polarization maintaining optical fibre, the output terminal of each Wollaston prism arranges two photo-detectors respectively, these two photo-detectors all connect first signal processing unit, these two first signal processing units connect a secondary signal processing unit jointly, the optical fiber surface of one wherein in two fiber optic coils is coated with electro-magnetic screen layer, wherein said two the first signal processing units calculate the light polarization face anglec of rotation of received signal respectively, and secondary signal processing unit is used for two the plane of polarization anglecs of rotation received to carry out additive operation, thus draw the final plane of polarization anglec of rotation, and according to this plane of polarization anglec of rotation finally calculated to calculate the strength of current of tested wire.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the quantity of described fiber optic splitter is one.
According to one embodiment of the invention, described screen layer is washing layer, and thickness is several micron.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the length of described polarization maintaining optical fibre is below 10cm.
According to one embodiment of the invention, provide a kind of method utilizing fibre optic current sensor to carry out current measurement, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps: laser instrument gives off laser beam via becoming linearly polarized light after the polarizer or directly sending linearly polarized laser bundle by laser instrument, then after fiber optic splitter, become the identical linearly polarized laser bundle of two bundles, this two bunch polarized laser beam enters into one respectively through polarization maintaining optical fibre and is wound on tested wire, on the fiber optic coils that the number of turns is identical, the light beam of these two fiber optic coils outgoing via Wollaston prism carry out light splitting then photo-detector carry out light-intensity test, thus obtain two testing results, then these two testing results are compared and can draw the anglec of rotation of each plane of polarization after fiber optic coils of above-mentioned two light beams, optical fiber in one of them fiber optic coils is coated with electro-magnetic screen layer, electromagnetic field in tested wire can not be had an impact to the linearly polarized light in this fiber optic coils, the factor of the just environment that can have an impact, obtain two plane of polarization anglecs of rotation are carried out additive operation the plane of polarization caused by the environmental factor anglec of rotation to be deducted, the change of the final plane of polarization anglec of rotation is only the change caused by electric current, finally, the current value in tested wire can be calculated according to the plane of polarization anglec of rotation finally calculated.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the quantity of described fiber optic splitter is one.
According to one embodiment of the invention, described screen layer is metal coating, and thickness is several micron.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the length of described polarization maintaining optical fibre is below 10cm.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the thickness of described screen layer is 2 microns.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram of current sensor in prior art;
Accompanying drawing 2 is schematic diagram of fibre optic current sensor in the present invention.
In above-mentioned accompanying drawing, 1 represents laser instrument, and 2 represent the polarizer, and 3 represent fiber optic splitter, 4 represent fiber optic coils, and 5 represent polarization maintaining optical fibre, and 6 represent tested wire, 7 statement Wollaston prisms, P1 and P2 represents photo-detector respectively, and 8 and 9 all represent signal processor.
Embodiment
Below by by reference to the accompanying drawings 2 basis on describe embodiments of the invention in detail, in this embodiment, current sensor of the present invention comprises laser instrument 1, the polarizer 2, fiber optic splitter 3, fiber optic coils 4, polarization maintaining optical fibre 5, tested wire 6, Wollaston prism 7, photo-detector, and signal processor.The laser beam that wherein laser instrument 1 sends is transferred to fiber optic splitter 3 partially via rising after the polarizer 2, fiber optic splitter 3 is 50: 50 splitting ratios, two output terminals of fiber optic splitter 3 are connected to the input end of a fiber optic coils 4 respectively by polarization maintaining optical fibre 5, two fiber optic coils stagger with position, the mode that all the other modes are identical is wrapped on tested wire, the output terminal of each fiber optic coils is connected to the input end of a Wollaston prism respectively by polarization maintaining optical fibre, the output terminal of each Wollaston prism arranges two photo-detector P1 and P2 respectively, these two photo-detectors all connect a signal processing unit 8, two signal processing units 8 connect a secondary signal processing unit 9 jointly, the optical fiber surface of one wherein in two fiber optic coils is coated with electro-magnetic screen layer, wherein said two signal processing units 8 calculate the light polarization face anglec of rotation of received signal respectively, and secondary signal processing unit 9 carries out additive operation for two the plane of polarization anglecs of rotation that will receive, thus draw the final plane of polarization anglec of rotation, and according to this plane of polarization anglec of rotation finally calculated to calculate the strength of current of tested wire.
The method using current detection sensor of the present invention to carry out current detecting is described below, according to current sensor of the present invention, laser instrument gives off laser beam and becomes linearly polarized light via after the polarizer, then after fiber optic splitter, the identical linearly polarized laser bundle of two bundles is become, this two bunch polarized laser beam enters into one respectively through polarization maintaining optical fibre and is wound on tested wire, on the fiber optic coils that the number of turns is identical, the light beam of these two fiber optic coils outgoing via Wollaston prism carry out light splitting then photo-detector carry out light-intensity test, thus obtain two testing results, then these two testing results are compared and can draw the anglec of rotation of each plane of polarization after fiber optic coils of above-mentioned two light beams.Due to the optical fiber in one of them fiber optic coils being coated with electro-magnetic screen layer, such as metal level, electromagnetic field in tested wire can not be had an impact to the linearly polarized light in this fiber optic coils, the factor of the just environment that can have an impact, like this, obtain two plane of polarization anglecs of rotation are carried out additive operation the plane of polarization anglec of rotation caused by environmental factor to be deducted, also namely the change of the final plane of polarization anglec of rotation is only the change caused by electric current, finally, the current value in tested wire can be calculated according to the plane of polarization anglec of rotation finally calculated.
Wherein, in order to make measurement result accurate as far as possible, the length of the polarization maintaining optical fibre used between wherein every two devices used is short as far as possible, such as, can be arranged on below 10cm, below shorter be set to 5cm.
In sum, simply can be eliminated the impact of environmental factor by method of the present invention, thus obtain measurement result accurately.
Electro-magnetic screen layer wherein can be the layer of metal layer of simple coating, such as aluminium lamination or layers of copper, and value is wanted to realize electromagnetic shielding action.The thickness of screen layer can be set to several micron, such as 2 microns.
The number of turn of fiber optic coils can be set to more, to improve measuring accuracy further, such as, can be set to 30 circles.
Signal processor can be the device that can carry out data processing in prior art arbitrarily, such as PC, single-chip microcomputer etc.
Laser instrument wherein also can be the laser instrument of direct polarization light output.
It should be noted that; explanation above is all carried out with specific embodiment; but this can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, to those skilled in the art, the various known distortion above-mentioned disclosed basis carried out and improvement are all in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a fibre optic current sensor, comprise laser instrument, the polarizer, fiber optic splitter, fiber optic coils, polarization maintaining optical fibre, tested wire, Wollaston prism, photo-detector, and signal processor, it is characterized in that: the laser beam that wherein laser instrument sends partially or directly sends linearly polarized laser bundle via after the polarizer 2 and is transferred to fiber optic splitter, fiber optic splitter is 50: 50 splitting ratios, two output terminals of fiber optic splitter are connected to the input end of a fiber optic coils respectively by polarization maintaining optical fibre, two fiber optic coils stagger with position, the mode that all the other modes are identical is wrapped on tested wire, the output terminal of each fiber optic coils is connected to the input end of a Wollaston prism respectively by polarization maintaining optical fibre, the output terminal of each Wollaston prism arranges two photo-detectors respectively, these two photo-detectors all connect first signal processing unit, these two first signal processing units connect a secondary signal processing unit jointly, the optical fiber surface of one wherein in two fiber optic coils is coated with electro-magnetic screen layer, wherein said two the first signal processing units calculate the light polarization face anglec of rotation of received signal respectively, and secondary signal processing unit is used for two the plane of polarization anglecs of rotation received to carry out additive operation, thus draw the final plane of polarization anglec of rotation, and according to this plane of polarization anglec of rotation finally calculated to calculate the strength of current of tested wire.
2. current sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the quantity of described fiber optic splitter is one.
3. current sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described screen layer is washing layer, and thickness is several micron.
4. current sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the length of described polarization maintaining optical fibre is below 10cm.
5. the method utilizing fibre optic current sensor to carry out current measurement, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps: laser instrument gives off laser beam via becoming linearly polarized light after the polarizer or directly sending linearly polarized laser bundle by laser instrument, then via becoming the identical linearly polarized laser bundle of two bundles after fiber optic splitter, this two bunch polarized laser beam enters into one respectively through polarization maintaining optical fibre and is wound on tested wire, on the fiber optic coils that the number of turns is identical, two fiber optic coils stagger with position, the mode that all the other modes are identical is wrapped on tested wire, the light beam of these two fiber optic coils outgoing via Wollaston prism carry out light splitting then photo-detector carry out light-intensity test, thus obtain two testing results, then carry out contrasting the anglec of rotation that can draw each plane of polarization after fiber optic coils of above-mentioned two light beams to these two testing results, optical fiber in one of them fiber optic coils is coated with electro-magnetic screen layer, electromagnetic field in tested wire can not be had an impact to the linearly polarized light in this fiber optic coils, the factor of the just environment that can have an impact, obtain two plane of polarization anglecs of rotation are carried out additive operation the plane of polarization caused by the environmental factor anglec of rotation to be deducted, the change of the final plane of polarization anglec of rotation is only the change caused by electric current, finally, the current value in tested wire can be calculated according to the plane of polarization anglec of rotation finally calculated.
6. the method for current measurement according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the quantity of described fiber optic splitter is one.
7. the method for current measurement according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described screen layer is metal coating, and thickness is several micron.
8. the method for current measurement according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the length of described polarization maintaining optical fibre is below 10cm.
9. the method for current measurement according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the thickness of described screen layer is 2 microns.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510860159.5A CN105334374B (en) | 2015-11-28 | 2015-11-28 | Fibre optic current sensor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510860159.5A CN105334374B (en) | 2015-11-28 | 2015-11-28 | Fibre optic current sensor |
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| CN105334374A true CN105334374A (en) | 2016-02-17 |
| CN105334374B CN105334374B (en) | 2018-01-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201510860159.5A Expired - Fee Related CN105334374B (en) | 2015-11-28 | 2015-11-28 | Fibre optic current sensor |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107884611A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-06 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | A kind of polycyclic all-fiber current transformator |
| CN110764285A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-07 | 广东三石园科技有限公司 | Photoelectric hybrid device |
| CN112578173A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-03-30 | 上海康阔光智能技术有限公司 | Optical lightning current measuring system and measuring method |
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| CN102262177A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2011-11-30 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Full-optical fiber pulse current sensor |
| CN202794303U (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2013-03-13 | 安徽讯和电子科技有限责任公司 | Fiber optic type current sensor |
| US20150102802A1 (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2015-04-16 | Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute | Optical fiber current sensor |
| CN205139230U (en) * | 2015-11-28 | 2016-04-06 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Fiber optic current sensor |
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2015
- 2015-11-28 CN CN201510860159.5A patent/CN105334374B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
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| CN102262177A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2011-11-30 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Full-optical fiber pulse current sensor |
| CN202794303U (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2013-03-13 | 安徽讯和电子科技有限责任公司 | Fiber optic type current sensor |
| US20150102802A1 (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2015-04-16 | Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute | Optical fiber current sensor |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107884611A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-06 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | A kind of polycyclic all-fiber current transformator |
| CN112578173A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-03-30 | 上海康阔光智能技术有限公司 | Optical lightning current measuring system and measuring method |
| CN110764285A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-07 | 广东三石园科技有限公司 | Photoelectric hybrid device |
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| CN105334374B (en) | 2018-01-16 |
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