CN107630801B - Variable squirrel-cage electromechanical hydraulic integrated power device - Google Patents
Variable squirrel-cage electromechanical hydraulic integrated power device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107630801B CN107630801B CN201710962463.XA CN201710962463A CN107630801B CN 107630801 B CN107630801 B CN 107630801B CN 201710962463 A CN201710962463 A CN 201710962463A CN 107630801 B CN107630801 B CN 107630801B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conversion devices, in particular to a variable squirrel-cage electromechanical liquid integrated power device. The device comprises a cylindrical shell, wherein the left side of the shell is provided with a pump body, and the right side of the shell is provided with a variable pump body; the invention integrates the structural principle and functional characteristics of a squirrel-cage motor and a variable axial plunger pump, a rotor is fixed on the outer wall of a cylinder body, a stator iron core and a stator winding are fixed on the inner wall of a shell, when three-phase alternating current is supplied to a stator coil, the stator winding forms a rotating magnetic field under the action of an alternating current power supply, and magnetic force between magnetic poles enables the rotor to rotate around a transmission shaft and drive a plunger to work, so that the coupling of three power of a mechano-electrohydraulic system is realized. The variable squirrel-cage electromechanical hydraulic integrated power device disclosed by the invention realizes the conversion of electric energy into mechanical energy and hydraulic energy, the mutual conversion of the hydraulic energy and the mechanical energy, the simultaneous conversion of the electric energy and the mechanical energy into hydraulic energy, the simultaneous conversion of the electric energy and the hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, variable displacement, compact structure, high energy conversion rate and wide application requirements and industrialization prospects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conversion devices, in particular to a variable squirrel-cage electromechanical liquid integrated power device.
Background
The variable swash plate type axial plunger pump is suitable for being used as a hydraulic power source for mobile equipment and an automatic control system because of small volume, light weight, simple hydraulic servo variable mechanism and small inertia. The variable swash plate type axial plunger pump is a widely used power element in a modern hydraulic transmission system, and utilizes a plunger parallel to a transmission shaft to reciprocate in a plunger hole to change the volume of a plunger cavity to output hydraulic pressure, and utilizes a variable mechanism to flexibly realize various control modes such as constant pressure, constant flow, constant power and the like, so that the variable swash plate type axial plunger pump becomes an important power source of a power element and an actuating element in the hydraulic system. However, the power source of the axial plunger pump must depend on the input of external elements, and the most common power source is an electric motor, thereby forming a motor-plunger pump system.
The energy combination system can only convert electric energy into fluid pressure energy, and meanwhile, the motor-plunger pump system has loose structure, large volume and small mass-power ratio, the traditional motor and the coupling have large mechanical loss and large noise, the energy conversion efficiency is low, the production cost and the operation cost of the system are high, and the pollution is serious.
The shielding type motor pump, the high-fusion type electrohydraulic pump and the like in the axial arrangement mode can overcome the defects of the system, and the novel hydraulic power unit which integrates a motor and a hydraulic pump into a whole, shares a rotor, shares a shell and is highly fused is also quite rich in documents and patents. However, they cannot output mechanical energy and hydraulic energy at the same time, can not realize the mutual conversion between the mechanical energy and the hydraulic energy, and do not have the function of assisting electric driving by the hydraulic energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of single function or loose structure, large volume and low energy conversion efficiency of a power device in the prior art, and provides a variable squirrel-cage electromechanical hydraulic integrated power device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the variable squirrel-cage electromechanical hydraulic integrated power device comprises a cylindrical shell, wherein the left side of the shell is provided with a pump body, and the right side of the shell is provided with a variable pump body;
the right side of the pump body is fixed with a valve plate, two valve openings are arranged on the valve plate, an upper oil way and a lower oil way are arranged in the pump body, and the upper oil way and the lower oil way are respectively communicated with the two valve openings of the valve plate; the right side of the valve plate is provided with a cylinder body, the whole cylinder body is a columnar revolving body, the left end face of the cylinder body is in contact with the valve plate and can slide relatively to the valve plate, a plurality of plunger holes are arranged in the cylinder body, the plunger holes are uniformly distributed around the revolving axis of the cylinder body, the left side of the plunger holes is provided with oil holes, the oil holes are communicated with the plunger holes and the right end face of the valve plate, the left end of the plunger is arranged in the plunger holes, the right end of the plunger is a ball head, the ball head of the plunger is connected with a sliding shoe through a ball hinge to form a plunger-sliding shoe assembly, the right side of the sliding shoe is provided with a swash plate, the right side of the sliding shoe is in contact with the left side face of the swash plate and can rotate relatively to the swash plate, the left side pressure of the sliding shoe is provided with a return disc, the center of the return disc is provided with a ball socket, and the right end face of the steel ball is meshed in the ball socket;
two coaxial horizontal holes are formed in the cavity wall of the variable pump body, the axes of the horizontal holes pass through the center of the steel ball, and two support shafts of the swash plate are arranged in the horizontal holes; the cavity wall of the variable pump is also provided with an upper hole and a lower hole which are coaxial, a variable piston is arranged between the upper hole and the lower hole, the upper end and the lower end of the variable piston are cylindrical and respectively matched with the upper hole and the lower hole and can move up and down along the holes, the middle part of the variable piston is provided with a small hole, the right end face of the swash plate is provided with a convex pin, and the convex pin is inserted into the small hole in the middle part of the variable piston;
the center of the pump body is provided with a through hole coaxial with the shell, the left end of the transmission shaft penetrates through the through hole and extends to the outside of the through hole to be connected with a load or a power device, the surface of the right end of the transmission shaft is provided with an external spline, the rotation axis of the cylinder body is provided with an internal spline hole, and the external spline on the transmission shaft is matched with the internal spline hole of the cylinder body to drive the cylinder body to synchronously rotate; the right end of the transmission shaft is provided with a section of inner hole, a sleeve cup is arranged in the inner hole, the left part of the spring seat is sleeved in the sleeve cup, a spring is arranged in a hole cavity surrounded by the sleeve cup and the spring seat, the spring is in compression deformation, the right end face of the spring seat is provided with a ball socket, and the left end face of the steel ball is meshed with the ball socket;
three stator iron cores are uniformly fixed on the inner wall of the shell, stator windings are wound on the outer periphery of the stator iron cores, a squirrel cage clamp body is sleeved on the cylinder body, a plurality of cage conductors are arranged on the outer side of the squirrel cage clamp body, the plurality of cage conductors are arranged parallel to the rotation axis of the cylinder body, and insulation is provided between the squirrel cage clamp body and the cage conductors; the three stator windings are connected in series, a lead terminal U, V, W is connected between the windings, and a lead terminal U, V, W is externally connected with three-phase alternating voltage.
Further, the transmission shaft is a stepped shaft, the left end of the pump body through hole is a bearing seat hole, a self-aligning ball bearing and a cylindrical roller bearing are sequentially arranged in the bearing seat hole from left to right, a bearing end cover is arranged at the right end of the pump body, a round hole is formed in the middle of the bearing end cover, and the left end of the transmission shaft sequentially penetrates through the cylindrical roller bearing, the self-aligning ball bearing and the bearing end cover to extend out of the pump body; the right end of the bearing end cover is provided with a convex circular ring which is matched with the bearing seat hole and is contacted with the outer ring of the aligning ball bearing, the inside of the convex circular ring is embedded with a skeleton oil seal ring or not, the outer surface of the convex circular ring is provided with a seal ring groove, and a seal ring is arranged in the seal ring groove; a hole sleeve is arranged between the outer rings of the cylindrical roller bearing and the aligning ball bearing, and a shaft sleeve is arranged between the inner rings; the transmission shaft is provided with an elastic check ring groove, the elastic check ring groove is internally provided with an elastic check ring for a shaft, the left side of the inner ring of the aligning ball bearing is contacted with the shaft shoulder of the transmission shaft, and the right side of the inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing is contacted with the elastic check ring for the shaft.
Further, the pump body and the valve plate are fixedly connected through cylindrical pins, cylindrical pin holes are respectively formed in corresponding positions of the end faces of the pump body and the valve plate, which are in contact, one end of each cylindrical pin is located in the cylindrical pin hole of the pump body, and the other end of each cylindrical pin is located in the cylindrical pin hole of the valve plate.
Further, a bearing seat hole is formed in the right end of the inner wall of the shell, an inner ring-free cylindrical roller bearing is sleeved on the flange of the right end of the cylinder body, an outer ring of the inner ring-free cylindrical roller bearing is arranged in the bearing seat hole in the right end of the inner wall of the shell, a protruding circular ring is arranged on the left side of the variable pump body, and the protruding circular ring is arranged in the bearing seat hole in the right end of the shell and is in contact with the outer ring of the inner ring-free cylindrical roller bearing.
Further, the horizontal hole is embedded with a swash plate bearing bush, the inner wall of the swash plate bearing bush is in clearance fit with two supporting shafts of the swash plate, one supporting shaft of the swash plate extends out of the variable pump body from the swash plate bearing bush, the other supporting shaft is arranged in the swash plate bearing bush, the end part of the supporting shaft is provided with a sealing cover, and the sealing cover is embedded in a hole of the variable pump body.
Further, the upper hole is matched with a boss at the lower end of the upper flange, a lower flange is arranged in the lower hole, a variable piston is arranged in a cavity between the upper flange and the lower flange, a return spring is arranged between the variable piston and the upper flange, the upper end of the return spring is propped against the bottom surface of the boss of the upper flange, and the lower end of the return spring is embedded in an annular groove of the variable piston; the middle of the upper flange is provided with a threaded hole, a limit bolt is arranged in the threaded hole, the lower flange is provided with a control oil inlet, and the lower flange is externally connected with a hydraulic variable control system.
Further, the distance from the oil through holes to the rotation axis of the cylinder body is consistent with the distance from the flow distribution windows on the flow distribution plate to the rotation axis of the cylinder body, and the width between the two flow distribution windows on the flow distribution plate is larger than the diameter of the oil through holes.
Further, a plurality of hole grooves are formed in the outer side face of the squirrel-cage clamp body, cage conductors are arranged in the hole grooves, and the cage conductors are fixedly connected in the hole grooves or in interference fit with the hole grooves.
Further, the number of the plunger holes is at least 6.
Further, the stator core is formed by overlapping sheet-shaped bodies made of magnetic conductive materials, the inner wall of the stator core is arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped inner wall is coaxial with the cylinder body.
The variable squirrel-cage electromechanical hydraulic integrated power device disclosed by the invention realizes the conversion of electric energy into mechanical energy and hydraulic energy, the mutual conversion of the hydraulic energy and the mechanical energy, the simultaneous conversion of the electric energy and the mechanical energy into hydraulic energy, the simultaneous conversion of the electric energy and the hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, variable displacement, compact structure, high energy conversion rate and wide application requirements and industrialization prospects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a variable squirrel cage electro-mechanical-hydraulic integrated power plant of the present invention in a cut-away;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the variable squirrel-cage electro-mechanical-hydraulic integrated power plant of the present invention in section;
FIG. 3 is a fixed view of the swash plate assembly of the variable squirrel-cage electro-mechanical-hydraulic integrated power plant of the present invention;
in the above figures: 1-a frameless oil seal ring; 2-a bearing end cap; 3-aligning ball bearings; 4-hole sleeve; 5-cylindrical roller bearings; 6-a lower oil way; 7-a port plate; 8-squirrel cage pincer body; 9-cage conductors; 10-cylinder body; 11-a plunger; 12-shaft sleeve; 13-a spring; 14-a control oil inlet; 15-a lower flange; 16-steel balls; 17-variable pump body; 18-swash plate; 19-a return tray; 20-sliding shoes; 21-variable piston; 22-return springs; 23-upper flange; 24-limiting bolts; 25-spring seats; 26-sleeve cup; 27-a cylindrical roller bearing without an inner ring; 28-a housing; 29-stator core; 30-stator windings; 31-a cylindrical pin; 32-an upper oil way; 33-circlips for shafts; 34-a pump body; 35-a sealing ring; 36-bolts; 37-a transmission shaft; 38-a swash plate bearing bush; 39-sealing cover.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the variable squirrel-cage electromechanical hydraulic integrated power device of the invention comprises a shell 28, wherein the shell 28 is cylindrical, a pump body 34 is arranged on the left side of the shell 28, and the two can be fastened together through bolts or other connecting pieces. The right of the pump body 34 is fixed with a valve plate 7, the pump body 34 and the valve plate 7 are fixedly connected through a cylindrical pin 31, cylindrical pin holes are respectively formed in corresponding positions of the end faces of the pump body 34 and the valve plate 7, one end of the cylindrical pin 31 is located in the cylindrical pin hole of the pump body 34, and the other end of the cylindrical pin 31 is located in the cylindrical pin hole of the valve plate 7. Two fan-shaped flow distribution windows are arranged on the flow distribution plate 7, an upper oil way 32 and a lower oil way 6 are arranged in the pump body 34, and the upper oil way 32 and the lower oil way 6 are respectively communicated with the two flow distribution windows of the flow distribution plate 7; the right side of valve plate 7 is provided with cylinder body 10, and cylinder body 10 wholly is the columnar revolution body, and the left end face of cylinder body 10 contacts with valve plate 7 to can slide relatively for valve plate 7, be provided with 6 at least plunger holes in the cylinder body 10, the plunger hole is around the axis of revolution circumference evenly distributed of cylinder body 10, and the left side of plunger hole is provided with the oil through hole, and the right-hand member face of oil through hole intercommunication plunger hole and valve plate 7, the distance of oil through hole to the axis of revolution of cylinder body 10 is unanimous with the distance of valve plate 7 on the valve plate window to cylinder body 10 axis of revolution, and the width between two valve plates is greater than the diameter of oil through hole on the valve plate 7. The two kidney-shaped flow distribution windows of the flow distribution plate 7 are respectively communicated with the upper oil way 32 and the lower oil way 6 of the supporting system, and when one is an oil inlet window, the other is an oil discharge window. The width between the two distributing windows is larger than the diameter of the oil passing hole on the right side of the plunger hole so as to prevent the upper oil way 32 from being communicated with the lower oil way 6. The left end of the plunger 11 is arranged in the plunger hole, the plunger 11 is in small clearance fit with the plunger hole, and the plunger hole on the left side of the plunger 11 becomes a pump cavity. The right end of the plunger 11 is a ball head, the ball head of the plunger 11 is connected with the slipper 20 through a ball hinge to form a plunger-slipper assembly, a swash plate 18 is arranged on the right side of the slipper 20, the right side of the slipper 20 is contacted with the left side surface of the swash plate 18 and can rotate relative to the swash plate 18, a return disc 19 is pressed on the left side of the slipper 20, a ball socket is arranged at the center of the return disc 19, the right end surface of the steel ball 16 is meshed in the ball socket, and the return disc 19 is pressed against the stepped surface of the slipper 20 by the steel ball 16, so that the plunger-slipper assembly always contacts with the top surface of the swash plate 18 when rotating along with the cylinder body 10.
The right side of casing 28 is provided with variable pump body 17, the right-hand member of casing 28 inner wall is provided with the bearing frame hole, the right-hand member flange cover of cylinder body 10 has inner circle cylindrical roller bearing 27, and the outer lane of no inner circle cylindrical roller bearing 27 sets up in the bearing frame hole of casing 28 inner wall right-hand member, and the left side of variable pump body 17 is provided with outstanding ring, and outstanding ring sets up in the bearing frame hole of casing 28 right-hand member to contact with the outer lane of no inner circle cylindrical roller bearing 27, restriction outer lane moves rightwards.
Two coaxial horizontal holes are arranged on the cavity wall of the variable pump body 17, the axes of the horizontal holes pass through the center of the steel ball 16, and two support shafts of the swash plate 18 are arranged in the horizontal holes. The horizontal hole is embedded with a swash plate bearing bush 38, the inner wall of the swash plate bearing bush 38 is in small clearance fit with two support shafts of the swash plate 18, one support shaft of the swash plate 18 extends out of the variable pump body 17 from the swash plate bearing bush 38 and is used for variable driving of the digital motor, the other support shaft is arranged in the swash plate bearing bush 38, the end part of the support shaft is provided with a sealing cover 39, and the sealing cover 39 is embedded in a hole of the variable pump body 17 to prevent lubricating oil from leaking outwards. The variable pump body 17 is also provided with an upper hole and a lower hole which are coaxial, the upper hole is matched with a boss at the lower end of the upper flange 23, a lower flange 15 is arranged in the lower hole, a variable piston 21 is arranged in a cavity between the upper flange 23 and the lower flange 15, the upper end and the lower end of the variable piston 21 are cylindrical and respectively matched with the upper hole and the lower hole and can move up and down along the holes, a return spring 22 is arranged between the variable piston 21 and the upper flange 23, the upper end of the return spring 22 is propped against the bottom surface of the boss of the upper flange 23, and the lower end of the return spring is embedded in an annular groove on the variable piston 21 so as to limit the variable piston 21 to be unable to move along the radial direction. A threaded hole is arranged in the middle of the upper flange 23, a limit bolt 24 is arranged in the threaded hole and used for limiting the stroke of the variable piston 21, a control oil inlet 14 is arranged on the lower flange 15, and a hydraulic variable control system is externally connected. The middle part of the variable piston 21 is provided with a small hole, the right end face of the swash plate 18 is provided with a convex pin, the convex pin is inserted into the small hole in the middle part of the variable piston 21, and when the variable piston 21 moves up and down, the convex pin moves along with the spigot so as to drive the swash plate 18 to rotate around two support shafts, and the displacement is changed. The upper surface of the swash plate 18 is in contact with the shoes 20. The variable system of the invention can also be in other forms of electric control, hydraulic control and mechanical control.
The center department of the pump body 34 is provided with the coaxial through-hole with casing 28, and the left end of transmission shaft 37 passes the through-hole and stretches to the outside of through-hole, transmission shaft 37 is the step shaft, the left end of pump body 34 through-hole is the bearing frame hole, and the bearing frame hole is inside installs self-aligning ball bearing 3 and the cylindrical roller bearing 5 of mechanical energy conversion system from left to right in proper order, and the pump body 34 right-hand member is provided with bearing end cover 2, passes through bolt 36 with the pump body 34 to be connected, is provided with the round hole in the middle of the bearing end cover 2, and the left end of transmission shaft 37 passes cylindrical roller bearing 5, self-aligning ball bearing 3, bearing end cover 2 in proper order stretches to outside the pump body 34, with load or power device connection, is mechanical energy's input or output. The left side of the transmission shaft 37 is supported in the aligning ball bearing 3 and the cylindrical roller bearing 5, and is in transition or interference fit with the inner rings of the two bearings. A hole sleeve 4 is arranged between the outer rings of the cylindrical roller bearing 5 and the aligning ball bearing 3 for spacing and positioning, and a shaft sleeve 12 is arranged between the inner rings for spacing and positioning; the right end of the bearing end cover 2 is provided with a convex circular ring which is matched with the bearing seat hole and is contacted with the outer ring of the aligning ball bearing 3, so that the outer ring of the aligning ball bearing 3, the hole sleeve 4 and the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing 5 are prevented from moving leftwards, and a skeleton-free oil seal ring 1 is embedded in the convex circular ring, so that lubricating oil is prevented from leaking from a gap between the bearing end cover 2 and the transmission shaft 37; the outer surface of the protruding ring is provided with a sealing ring groove, and a sealing ring 35 is arranged in the sealing ring groove to prevent lubricating oil from leaking between the bearing end cover 2 and the pump body 34. The transmission shaft 37 is provided with an elastic retainer ring groove, the elastic retainer ring 33 for the shaft is arranged in the elastic retainer ring groove, the left side of the inner ring of the aligning ball bearing 3 is contacted with the shaft shoulder of the transmission shaft 37, and the right side of the inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing 5 is contacted with the elastic retainer ring 33 for the shaft, because the clamping action of the aligning ball bearing 3 can not move the transmission shaft 37 leftwards or rightwards. The surface of the right end of the transmission shaft 37 is provided with an external spline, the rotation axis of the cylinder body 10 is provided with an internal spline hole, and the external spline on the transmission shaft 37 is matched with the internal spline hole of the cylinder body 10, so that the cylinder body 10 can be driven to synchronously rotate; the right end of the transmission shaft is provided with a section of inner hole, a sleeve cup 26 is arranged in the inner hole, the left part of a spring seat 25 is sleeved in the sleeve cup 26, a spring 13 is arranged in a hole cavity surrounded by the sleeve cup 26 and the spring seat 25, the spring 13 has compression deformation, and enough elasticity is required to be provided to ensure that the hydraulic energy conversion system works normally. The right end face of the spring seat 25 is provided with a ball socket in which the left end face of the steel ball 16 is engaged.
Three stator cores 29 are uniformly fixed on the inner wall of the shell 28, and the three stator cores 29 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the inner cavity of the shell 28, and the interval angle is 120 degrees. The stator core 29 is also called a pole shoe, and is formed by laminating sheet-shaped bodies made of magnetic conductive materials with good magnetic permeability so as to reduce the heat generation of eddy currents; the inner wall of the stator core 29 is arc-shaped, the arc-shaped inner wall is coaxial with the cylinder 10, and the outer surface is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 28 of the support system. The outer periphery of the stator iron core 29 is wound with a stator winding 30, a squirrel-cage clamp body 8 is sleeved on the cylinder body 10, a plurality of hole slots are formed in the outer side face of the squirrel-cage clamp body 8, cage conductors 9 are arranged in the hole slots, the cage conductors 9 are fixedly connected in the hole slots or in interference fit with the hole slots, the cage conductors 9 are parallel to the rotation axis of the cylinder body 10, the cage conductors 9 are similar to a rotor structure of the squirrel-cage motor in structure, are embedded in the hole slots of the outer cylindrical surface of the squirrel-cage clamp body 8, and the cage conductors 9 are also called as squirrel-cage, and are insulated from the squirrel-cage clamp body 8; the three stator windings 30 are connected in series, and the lead terminals U, V, W and U, V, W are connected with three-phase alternating voltage.
The main structure of the present invention can be divided into a support system, a variable system, a mechanical energy conversion system, a hydraulic energy conversion system and an electric energy conversion system according to the above structure.
The supporting system comprises a frameless oil seal ring 1, a bearing end cover 2, a variable pump body 17, a shell 28, a cylindrical pin 31, a pump body 34, a sealing ring 35, a bolt 36, an upper oil way 32, a lower oil way 6, a swash plate bearing bush 38, a sealing cover 39 and other structures. The variable pump body 17, the housing 28, the pump body 34 are the primary support and containment members.
The variable system comprises a control oil inlet 14, a lower flange 15, a swash plate 18, a variable piston 21, a return spring 22, an upper flange 23, a limit bolt 24 and other structural components.
The mechanical energy conversion system comprises transmission shafts 37, aligning ball bearings 3, hole sleeves 4, cylindrical roller bearings 5, shaft sleeves 12, shaft circlips 33, springs 13, steel balls 16, spring seats 25, sleeve cups 26 and other structural members.
The hydraulic energy conversion system comprises structural components such as a valve plate 7, a cylinder body 10, a plunger 11, a return disc 19, a sliding shoe 20, a cylindrical roller bearing 27 without an inner ring and the like.
The electric energy conversion system comprises a stator iron core 29, a stator winding 30, a squirrel cage clamp body 8, a cage conductor 9, a lead terminal U, a lead terminal V, a lead terminal W and other structures.
In the invention, a mechanical energy conversion system, a hydraulic energy conversion system and an electric energy conversion system are skillfully combined together, the right end of a transmission shaft 37 of the mechanical energy conversion system is matched with an inner spline hole of a cylinder body 10 of the hydraulic energy conversion system through an external spline, a spring seat 25 arranged in an inner hole at the right end of the transmission shaft 37 of the mechanical energy conversion system is meshed with a steel ball 16 of the hydraulic energy conversion system, a squirrel cage clamp body 8 and a cage conductor 9 of the electric energy conversion system are arranged at the outer side of the cylinder body 10 of the hydraulic energy conversion system, and a plunger arranged in the cylinder body 10 of the hydraulic energy conversion system is hinged with a sliding shoe 20 of the hydraulic energy conversion system, so that the structure is compact, and conversion among different energies is realized.
When the swash plate 18 is perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft 37, the hydraulic displacement of the present invention is zero, and the larger the deviation angle from the perpendicular position is, the larger the hydraulic displacement of the present invention is. Assuming that the tilt angle is positive when the swash plate 18 is tilted to the right, the tilt angle is negative when tilted to the left, and vice versa. The positive and negative of the deviation angle determines the flow direction of the hydraulic oil, and the deviation angle is positive, the upper oil way 32 is used for feeding oil, and the lower oil way 6 is used for feeding oil, when the deviation angle is negative, the upper oil way 32 is used for feeding oil, and the lower oil way 6 is used for feeding oil, and vice versa. There are two methods for adjusting the magnitude and direction of the off angle: in the first method, the control oil inlet 14 is externally connected with a control oil way, hydraulic oil pushes the variable piston 21 to move upwards, compresses the return spring 22 and drives the swash plate 18 to rotate around two support shafts, and the size of the deflection angle is changed accordingly. When the variable piston 21 moves upward to contact the bottom end of the limit bolt 24, the off angle reaches a set threshold. The stroke of the variable piston 21 is adjusted by screwing the limit bolt 24; the second method is to use various digital motors to drive the rotation of the support shaft of the swashplate 18 extending outside the housing 28, thereby adjusting the magnitude and direction of the angle of deviation.
When the invention works, electric energy can be converted into mechanical energy or hydraulic energy, hydraulic energy and mechanical energy can be mutually converted, electric energy and mechanical energy can be simultaneously converted into hydraulic energy, electric energy and hydraulic energy can be simultaneously converted into mechanical energy, and the two latter working modes are the combination and derivative of the two former working modes.
When the electric energy is converted into mechanical energy, the invention is the squirrel-cage asynchronous motor, at the moment, the lead terminal U, V, W is externally connected with three-phase alternating voltage, the stator winding 30 and the stator core 29 generate rotating electromagnetic fields, the cage conductor 9 cuts magnetic force lines to generate induced voltages, and induced currents are formed in the cage conductor 9, so that electromagnetic torque is generated to drive the cage conductor 9, the squirrel-cage clamp body 8 and the cylinder body 10 to synchronously rotate, and the larger the rotating speed difference between the electromagnetic field rotating speed and the cage conductor 9 is, the larger the electromagnetic torque is. The cylinder body 10 synchronously rotates and outputs mechanical energy through the spline driving transmission shaft 37, so that the conversion from electric energy to mechanical energy is realized. At this time, the plunger-slipper assembly, the return disc 19, the steel ball 16, the spring seat 25, the sleeve cup 26 and the spring 13 synchronously rotate along with the cylinder body 10. During operation, the top surface of swashplate 18 is preferably perpendicular to the axis of drive shaft 37, at which point the hydraulic displacement of the present invention is zero, otherwise upper and lower oil passages 32, 6 must be shorted.
When the electric energy is converted into hydraulic energy, the function of the motor-plunger pump combined system is the same, at the moment, a lead terminal U, V, W is externally connected with three-phase alternating voltage, a stator winding 30 and a stator iron core 29 generate a rotating electromagnetic field, a cage conductor 9 cuts magnetic force lines to generate induced voltage, induced current is formed in the cage conductor 9, so that electromagnetic torque is generated to drive the cage conductor 9, a squirrel cage clamp body 8 and a cylinder body 10 to synchronously rotate, and further drive a plunger 11, a sliding shoe 20, a return disc 19 and the like to rotate, the plunger 11 axially reciprocates along with the circumferential rotation of the cylinder body 10 under the combined action of thrust on the top surface of a swash plate 18 and elasticity of a spring 13, and when the plunger 11 moves rightwards, low-pressure oil continuously enters from an upper oil way 32 (or a lower oil way 6) and enters a pump cavity through a flow distribution window on a flow distribution disc 7; when the plunger 11 moves leftwards, the oil pressure in the pump cavity rises, and high-pressure oil is continuously output from the pump cavity to the outside through the flow distribution window on the flow distribution plate 7 and the lower oil way 6 (or the upper oil way 32), so that the conversion from electric energy to hydraulic energy is realized.
When the hydraulic energy is converted into mechanical energy, namely the hydraulic motor, high-pressure oil continuously enters from the upper oil way 32 (or the lower oil way 6) and passes through the flow distribution window on the flow distribution plate 7, and enters the pump cavity, the plunger 11 is pushed to move right, the sliding shoe 20 slides along the surface of the swash plate 18 and drives the cylinder body 10 to rotate, when the plunger 11 rotates to the other half cycle of the sliding shoe 20, the plunger 11 moves leftwards, and hydraulic oil in the pump cavity continuously flows out from the lower oil way 6 (or the upper oil way 32) through the corresponding flow distribution window on the flow distribution plate 7. The cylinder body 10 rotates, and then the transmission shaft 37 is driven by a spline to synchronously rotate to output mechanical energy, so that the conversion of hydraulic energy into mechanical energy is realized.
When the mechanical energy is converted into hydraulic energy, namely a hydraulic pump, at the moment, the transmission shaft 37 is driven to rotate by external power, and then the cylinder body 10, the plunger 11, the sliding shoe 20 and the like are driven to rotate by a spline, the plunger 11 reciprocates under the action of the thrust on the upper surface of the swash plate 18 and the elastic force of the spring 13, and when the plunger 11 moves rightwards, low-pressure oil continuously enters from the upper oil way 32 (or the lower oil way 6) and passes through a flow distribution window on the flow distribution plate 7 to enter a pump cavity; when the plunger 11 moves leftwards, the oil pressure in the pump cavity rises, and high-pressure oil is continuously output from the pump cavity to the outside through the flow distribution window on the flow distribution plate 7 and the lower oil way 6 (or the upper oil way 32), so that the conversion of mechanical energy into hydraulic energy is realized.
The invention realizes the conversion of electric energy into mechanical energy and hydraulic energy, the mutual conversion of hydraulic energy and mechanical energy, the simultaneous conversion of electric energy and mechanical energy into hydraulic energy, the simultaneous conversion of electric energy and hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, variable displacement, compact structure, high energy conversion rate and wide application requirements and industrialization prospects.
It will be understood that modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description, and it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. The variable squirrel-cage electromechanical hydraulic integrated power device is characterized by comprising a shell (28), wherein the shell (28) is cylindrical, a pump body (34) is arranged on the left side of the shell (28), and a variable pump body (17) is arranged on the right side of the shell;
a valve plate (7) is fixed on the right side of the pump body (34), two valve openings are arranged on the valve plate (7), an upper oil way (32) and a lower oil way (6) are arranged in the pump body (34), and the upper oil way (32) and the lower oil way (6) are respectively communicated with the two valve openings of the valve plate (7); the right side of the valve plate (7) is provided with a cylinder body (10), the whole cylinder body (10) is a columnar revolving body, the left end face of the cylinder body (10) is in contact with the valve plate (7) and can slide relatively to the valve plate (7), a plurality of plunger holes are formed in the cylinder body (10), the plunger holes are uniformly distributed around the revolving axis of the cylinder body (10), the left side of the plunger holes is provided with oil holes, the oil holes are communicated with the plunger holes and the right end face of the valve plate (7), the left end of the plunger (11) is arranged in the plunger holes, the right end of the plunger (11) is a ball head, the ball head of the plunger (11) is connected with a sliding shoe (20) through a ball joint to form a plunger-sliding shoe assembly, the right side of the sliding shoe (20) is provided with a swash plate (18), the right side of the sliding shoe (20) is in contact with the left side face of the swash plate (18) and can rotate relatively to the swash plate (18), the left side of the sliding shoe (20) is provided with a return plate (19), the center of the return plate (19) is provided with a ball socket, and the right end face of the ball (16) is meshed in the ball socket;
two coaxial horizontal holes are formed in the cavity wall of the variable pump body (17), the axes of the horizontal holes pass through the center of the steel ball (16), and two support shafts of the swash plate (18) are arranged in the horizontal holes; the variable pump body (17) is also provided with an upper hole and a lower hole which are coaxial, a variable piston (21) is arranged between the upper hole and the lower hole, the upper end and the lower end of the variable piston (21) are cylindrical and respectively matched with the upper hole and the lower hole and can move up and down along the holes, the middle part of the variable piston (21) is provided with a small hole, the right end face of the swash plate (18) is provided with a convex pin, and the convex pin is inserted into the small hole in the middle part of the variable piston (21);
the center of the pump body (34) is provided with a through hole coaxial with the shell (28), the left end of the transmission shaft (37) penetrates through the through hole and extends to the outside of the through hole to be connected with a load or a power device, the surface of the right end of the transmission shaft is provided with an external spline, the rotation axis of the cylinder body (10) is provided with an internal spline hole, and the external spline on the transmission shaft (37) is matched with the internal spline hole of the cylinder body (10) to drive the cylinder body (10) to synchronously rotate; the right end of the transmission shaft is provided with a section of inner hole, a sleeve cup (26) is arranged in the inner hole, the left part of a spring seat (25) is sleeved in the sleeve cup (26), a spring (13) is arranged in a hole cavity surrounded by the sleeve cup (26) and the spring seat (25), the spring (13) is in compression deformation, the right end face of the spring seat (25) is provided with a ball socket, and the left end face of the steel ball (16) is meshed with the ball socket;
three stator cores (29) are uniformly fixed on the inner wall of the shell (28), stator windings (30) are wound on the outer periphery of the stator cores (29), a squirrel cage clamp body (8) is sleeved on the cylinder body (10), a plurality of cage conductors (9) are arranged on the outer side of the squirrel cage clamp body (8), the plurality of cage conductors (9) are arranged parallel to the rotation axis of the cylinder body (10), and insulation is achieved between the squirrel cage clamp body (8) and the cage conductors (9); three stator windings (30) are connected in series, a lead terminal U, V, W is connected between the windings, and a lead terminal U, V, W is externally connected with three-phase alternating voltage;
the transmission shaft (37) is a stepped shaft, a bearing seat hole is formed in the left end of a through hole of the pump body (34), a self-aligning ball bearing (3) and a cylindrical roller bearing (5) are sequentially arranged in the bearing seat hole from left to right, a bearing end cover (2) is arranged at the right end of the pump body (34), a round hole is formed in the middle of the bearing end cover (2), and the left end of the transmission shaft (37) sequentially penetrates through the cylindrical roller bearing (5), the self-aligning ball bearing (3) and the bearing end cover (2) to extend out of the pump body (34); the right end of the bearing end cover (2) is provided with a protruding circular ring which is matched with the bearing seat hole and is contacted with the outer ring of the aligning ball bearing (3), the inside of the protruding circular ring is embedded with a skeleton-free oil seal ring (1), the outer surface of the protruding circular ring is provided with a seal ring groove, and a seal ring (35) is arranged in the seal ring groove; a hole sleeve (4) is arranged between the outer rings of the cylindrical roller bearing (5) and the aligning ball bearing (3), and a shaft sleeve (12) is arranged between the inner rings; the transmission shaft (37) is provided with an elastic retainer ring groove, the elastic retainer ring groove is internally provided with an elastic retainer ring (33) for the shaft, the left side of the inner ring of the aligning ball bearing (3) is contacted with the shaft shoulder of the transmission shaft (37), and the right side of the inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing (5) is contacted with the elastic retainer ring (33) for the shaft.
2. The variable squirrel-cage electro-mechanical-hydraulic integrated power device of claim 1, wherein: the pump body (34) is fixedly connected with the valve plate (7) through cylindrical pins (31), cylindrical pin holes are respectively formed in corresponding positions of the end faces, where the pump body (34) and the valve plate (7) are in contact, of the cylindrical pins (31), one end of each cylindrical pin is located in the cylindrical pin hole of the pump body (34), and the other end of each cylindrical pin is located in the cylindrical pin hole of the valve plate (7).
3. The variable squirrel-cage electro-mechanical-hydraulic integrated power device of claim 1, wherein: the variable pump is characterized in that a bearing seat hole is formed in the right end of the inner wall of the shell (28), an inner ring-free cylindrical roller bearing (27) is sleeved on the flange of the right end of the cylinder body (10), an outer ring of the inner ring-free cylindrical roller bearing (27) is arranged in the bearing seat hole in the right end of the inner wall of the shell (28), a protruding circular ring is arranged on the left side of the variable pump body (17), and the protruding circular ring is arranged in the bearing seat hole in the right end of the shell (28) and is in contact with the outer ring of the inner ring-free cylindrical roller bearing (27).
4. The variable squirrel-cage electro-mechanical-hydraulic integrated power device of claim 1, wherein: the horizontal hole is embedded with a swash plate bearing bush (38), the inner wall of the swash plate bearing bush (38) is in clearance fit with two supporting shafts of the swash plate (18), one supporting shaft of the swash plate (18) extends out of the variable pump body (17) from the swash plate bearing bush (38), the other supporting shaft is arranged in the swash plate bearing bush (38), the end part of the supporting shaft is provided with a sealing cover (39), and the sealing cover (39) is embedded in a hole of the variable pump body (17).
5. The variable squirrel-cage electro-mechanical-hydraulic integrated power device of claim 1, wherein: the upper hole is matched with a boss at the lower end of the upper flange (23), a lower flange (15) is arranged in the lower hole, a variable piston (21) is arranged in a cavity between the upper flange (23) and the lower flange (15), a return spring (22) is arranged between the variable piston (21) and the upper flange (23), the upper end of the return spring (22) is propped against the bottom surface of the boss of the upper flange (23), and the lower end of the return spring is embedded in an annular groove on the variable piston (21); a threaded hole is arranged in the middle of the upper flange (23), a limit bolt (24) is arranged in the threaded hole, a control oil inlet (14) is arranged on the lower flange (15), and a hydraulic variable control system is externally connected.
6. The variable squirrel-cage electro-mechanical-hydraulic integrated power device of claim 1, wherein: the distance from the oil through hole to the rotation axis of the cylinder body (10) is consistent with the distance from the flow distribution window on the flow distribution plate (7) to the rotation axis of the cylinder body (10), and the width between the two flow distribution windows on the flow distribution plate (7) is larger than the diameter of the oil through hole.
7. The variable squirrel-cage electro-mechanical-hydraulic integrated power device of claim 1, wherein: the squirrel cage clamp is characterized in that a plurality of hole grooves are formed in the outer side face of the squirrel cage clamp body (8), cage conductors (9) are arranged in the hole grooves, and the cage conductors (9) are fixedly connected in the hole grooves or in interference fit with the hole grooves.
8. The variable squirrel-cage electro-mechanical-hydraulic integrated power device of claim 1, wherein: the number of the plunger holes is at least 6.
9. The variable squirrel-cage electro-mechanical-hydraulic integrated power device of claim 1, wherein: the stator core (29) is formed by overlapping sheet-shaped bodies made of magnetic conductive materials, the inner wall of the stator core (29) is arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped inner wall is coaxial with the cylinder body (10).
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| CN201710962463.XA CN107630801B (en) | 2017-10-16 | 2017-10-16 | Variable squirrel-cage electromechanical hydraulic integrated power device |
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| CN201710962463.XA CN107630801B (en) | 2017-10-16 | 2017-10-16 | Variable squirrel-cage electromechanical hydraulic integrated power device |
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| CN107630801B true CN107630801B (en) | 2023-08-11 |
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| CN110005586A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-12 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of cam-type axial piston pump that internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor directly drives |
| CN111997858A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-11-27 | 芜湖西南机械有限公司 | Structure composition of variable plunger pump and control method thereof |
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