CN1076250C - 一种材料去除工具上的刀头 - Google Patents

一种材料去除工具上的刀头 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1076250C
CN1076250C CN94108237A CN94108237A CN1076250C CN 1076250 C CN1076250 C CN 1076250C CN 94108237 A CN94108237 A CN 94108237A CN 94108237 A CN94108237 A CN 94108237A CN 1076250 C CN1076250 C CN 1076250C
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Prior art keywords
cutter head
hard material
silicon carbide
particles
bond
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Expired - Lifetime
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CN94108237A
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CN1100683A (zh
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尤金·马吉阿里
沃尔特·里特
彼得·约斯特
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Hilti AG
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Hilti AG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/14—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by boring or drilling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/02—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing
    • B28D1/12—Saw-blades or saw-discs specially adapted for working stone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
    • B24D3/06—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/02—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing
    • B28D1/04—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing with circular or cylindrical saw-blades or saw-discs
    • B28D1/041—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing with circular or cylindrical saw-blades or saw-discs with cylinder saws, e.g. trepanning; saw cylinders, e.g. having their cutting rim equipped with abrasive particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/27—Cutters, for shaping comprising tool of specific chemical composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/252—Glass or ceramic [i.e., fired or glazed clay, cement, etc.] [porcelain, quartz, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/30—Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal

Abstract

一种可与诸如钻孔机、分割盘、锯或类似的材料去除工具连接的刀头，其由胶合剂、金刚砂颗粒和少量的硬质材料颗粒构成。硬质材料颗粒增强了结合剂，并使金刚砂颗粒能够牢固地嵌入。

Description

一种材料去除工具上的刀头
本发明涉及的是一种在钻孔机、分割盘、锯或类似的去除材料的工具上的刀头，该刀头是由以金属基构成的结合剂、硬质材料颗粒以及起切割作用的金刚砂颗粒构成的。
为了在岩石或诸如混凝土、砖瓦等建筑材料上进行钻孔、切削和切割，人们采用这样的切割工具，其刀头为独立构成的刀头，并与一个刀架相连接，刀架的形状可采用中空的柱形、圆盘形、辊形等等。刀头由结合剂、硬质材料颗粒及金刚砂颗粒构成。
DE—PS590707中公开了一种岩石钻孔机，其钻头含有烧结的硬质金属，该硬质金属是用少量的结合剂将硬质材料颗粒烧结而成的。为了达到去除工件材料的目的，在钻头表面镶嵌了金刚砂颗粒。
所以，带有上述类型的已知钻头的岩石钻孔机的耐久性取决于金刚砂颗粒的寿命。如果金刚砂颗粒因为磨损而被磨掉了，则钻孔工具就不再能够满足去除材料的要求了。此外还要考虑到，用硬金属烧结成的钻头为金刚砂颗粒构成一个极硬的但韧性有限的刀架。所以，在钻孔时产生的冲击力将完全地、无缓冲地从金刚砂颗粒传到刀架上，从而迅速地产生超载，这可能导致金刚砂颗粒在其正常损耗前就断裂了，从而是导致钻具在其正常使用期前就报废了。
DE OS 34 08 092中公开了一种钻孔机，其上有一个中空的柱形刀架，刀头支撑在刀架上接近钻孔一侧的开口端。这种已知的钻孔机的刀头是由结合剂及镶嵌在结合剂中的金刚砂颗粒构成的。
所以，在这种已知的钻孔机上，金刚砂颗粒不仅分布在主要由结合剂构成的刀头的表面上而且分布在其内层。因此，用这种已知的钻孔机去除材料时，随着金刚砂的磨损，结合剂也一同脱落下来。如果一粒金刚砂颗粒被完全磨掉了或脱落了，则有相当数量的结合剂也随之脱落，其脱落量使得其他的金刚砂颗粒又露出，从而仍然能够完成去除材料的功能。所以这种已知的钻孔机只有当所有金刚砂颗粒均磨掉后才达到其使用极限。此外，结合剂构成了金刚砂颗粒的弹性支撑，所以在钻孔过程中产生的冲击可在不产生超载的情况下被吸收，使得金刚砂颗粒不会产生早期断裂。
因此，在上述公开文件中公开的钻孔机比起第一次提及的那种岩石钻孔机，在提高耐久性方面具有一定的优越性。但是这种优越性仅限于一定的范围内，特别是受工件材料的影响较大。在工件是诸如很硬的混凝土的情况下，金刚砂、特别是结合剂的磨损量很大，以致于在耐久性方面又产生了不利的因素。
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有较高的耐久性的材料去除工具上的刀头。
本发明的目的是通过如下措施实现的，刀头总量中含有金刚砂颗粒、硬质材料颗粒及结合剂的体积百分比分别为6至15％、1至3％、82—93％。
从损耗物理学的观点看，硬质材料颗粒是通过如下两方面的作用来提高性耐久性的。其一是静态特性。硬质材料颗粒增强了以诸如钻为基质的结合剂，从而可使金刚砂颗粒嵌入的更牢固。其二是动态特征，体现在，硬质材料保护结合剂的工作表面免于受到被加工部件特别是混凝土类的工件的磨蚀作用。
通过加入硬质材料颗粒，使结合剂的抗磨损能力增加了三至四倍。对结合剂的增强程度可根据硬质材料颗粒含量来准确地控制。
由于加入了硬质材料，必然要降低了工件加工速度。不过，由于硬质材料颗粒也可以起到小刀头的作用，所以部分地平衡了工件加工速度方面的损失。其余的″损失″则通过调整金刚砂的分布密度来补偿。较少的金刚砂量可导致工件加工速度的提高。
为了在结合剂中使金刚砂颗粒得到可靠的支撑及硬质材料得到牢固的嵌入，合适的硬质材料颗粒的粒度应选为45至90μm。
硬质材料颗粒最好是由高钨碳化物构成。这种硬质材料颗粒具有很高的硬度，所以可以起到附加刀头的作用。
本发明的刀头可采用各种不同的形状，其形状需要与所采用的刀架向适应。根据使用场合的不同，刀架可采用中空的柱形、圆盘形、辊形等形状。特别是，在钻孔工具上采用中空的柱形，而在表面加工和分割工具上则可采用诸如圆盘状或辊形。根据前述依据用途采用的刀架，刀头可采用诸如扇形、环形、盘形等等。

Claims (3)

1.一种材料去除工具上的刀头，该刀头是由以金属基构成的结合剂、硬质材料颗粒以及起切割作用的金刚砂颗粒构成的，其特征在于，刀头总量中含有金刚砂颗粒、硬质材料颗粒及结合剂的体积百分比分别为6至15％、1至3％、82—93％。
2.如权利要求1所述的刀头，其特征在于，硬质材料颗粒的粒度为45至90μm。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的刀头，其特征在于，硬质材料颗粒是由高钨碳化物构成的。
CN94108237A 1993-07-16 1994-07-08 一种材料去除工具上的刀头 Expired - Lifetime CN1076250C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19934323895 DE4323895A1 (de) 1993-07-16 1993-07-16 Schneidkörper für materialabtragende Werkzeuge
DEP4323895.5 1993-07-16

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CN1100683A CN1100683A (zh) 1995-03-29
CN1076250C true CN1076250C (zh) 2001-12-19

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US (1) US5876845A (zh)
EP (1) EP0634250B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH0768534A (zh)
KR (1) KR100313266B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1076250C (zh)
AT (1) ATE165265T1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2128071C (zh)
DE (2) DE4323895A1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2115187T3 (zh)

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US20130022421A1 (en) * 2011-07-21 2013-01-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Abrasive coring bit
DE102013217969A1 (de) * 2013-09-09 2015-03-12 Sitech Sitztechnik Gmbh Verfahren zum Stabilisieren und/oder zur Reduzierung von innerhalb der wandartigen Struktur auftretenden Verspannungen mittels Laserschweißen
CN113770080B (zh) * 2021-09-16 2022-04-26 六安金銮建筑设备有限公司 一种桥梁建筑用环保型具有防护结构的智能打孔机

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Publication number Publication date
DE59405758D1 (de) 1998-05-28
CA2128071A1 (en) 1995-01-17
EP0634250A2 (de) 1995-01-18
KR100313266B1 (ko) 2002-10-25
CN1100683A (zh) 1995-03-29
CA2128071C (en) 2000-05-23
JPH0768534A (ja) 1995-03-14
EP0634250A3 (de) 1995-05-31
ES2115187T3 (es) 1998-06-16
ATE165265T1 (de) 1998-05-15
US5876845A (en) 1999-03-02
EP0634250B1 (de) 1998-04-22
DE4323895A1 (de) 1995-01-19
KR950002947A (ko) 1995-02-16

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