CN107624630B - Production method of fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts - Google Patents

Production method of fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts Download PDF

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CN107624630B
CN107624630B CN201710817265.4A CN201710817265A CN107624630B CN 107624630 B CN107624630 B CN 107624630B CN 201710817265 A CN201710817265 A CN 201710817265A CN 107624630 B CN107624630 B CN 107624630B
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peanut
perlite
seeds
water
plastic container
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CN107624630A (en
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方纪敏
李社军
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Luoyang Yamiao Agricultural Development Co ltd
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Luoyang Yamiao Agricultural Development Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a production method of fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts, and belongs to the technical field of sprout cultivation. The invention relates to a production method of fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts, which comprises the following steps: removing shells of peanut seeds, and soaking in warm water at 35 ℃; taking out and draining, and keeping the temperature at 25-28 ℃ for 20-30 h; soaking perlite in 35 deg.C warm water, and taking out to obtain water-containing perlite; laying a layer of water-containing perlite with the thickness of 1-3cm at the bottom of the production container, inserting the peanut seeds subjected to germination acceleration, and laying a layer of water-containing perlite with the thickness of 3-8 cm; the production container comprises a plastic container body and a plastic container cover which are matched with each other, wherein the plastic container body and the plastic container cover can be mutually buckled to form a micro-slit used for limiting the air inflow between the plastic container body and the plastic container cover; storing at 25-28 deg.C in dark for 3-4 days. The peanut sprouts produced by the production method of the fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts have the characteristics of freshness and no roots, and the freshness and the survival degree are fully ensured.

Description

Production method of fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts
Technical Field
The invention relates to a production method of fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts, and belongs to the technical field of sprout cultivation.
Background
The peanut sprouts have the characteristics of tender sprouts, crisp buds, sweet buds and the like, have good edible mouthfeel, are rich in nutrition, are suitable for various cooking methods such as frying, boiling, frying, cold mixing and the like, and are popular with various crowds. In life, peanut sprouts are called "longevity sprouts", "marigold sprouts", "king of vegetables" and the like because of their high nutritive value.
In the prior art, the production of peanut sprouts generally adopts an open production container, and in order to promote the growth of the peanut sprouts, chemical fertilizers or growth promoting preparations are added.
In the production method of peanut sprouts in the prior art, the production container with the opening is adopted, so that the transportation and the carrying are not very facilitated, and the culture medium in the production container is easily influenced, so that the growth process of the peanut sprouts is damaged. Therefore, the method is generally suitable for producing peanut sprouts at a fixed place, and the peanut sprouts are collected, processed, packaged, transported and sold after being produced. In the transportation and sale processes, the peanut sprouts are very easy to have the problems of darkening of color, damage of sprouts and the like, the freshness is greatly reduced, and the edible taste is influenced. In addition, the method is easy to cause more fibrous roots of peanut buds, and further influences the mouthfeel. Because the peanut sprouts can not be preserved and kept alive and have more fibrous roots, the popularization and the popular consumption of the peanut sprouts are seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production method of fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts with high fresh and alive degree.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a production method of fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts comprises the following steps:
1) treatment of peanut seeds and perlite
a. Peanut seed treatment
Soaking seeds: removing shells of peanut seeds, and then soaking the peanut seeds in warm water at 35 ℃ for 2-4 h;
accelerating germination: taking out the soaked peanuts, draining, and keeping the temperature at 25-28 ℃ for 20-30h, wherein water is sprayed to the peanuts every 5-8h during the heat preservation;
b. perlite treatment
Soaking perlite in 35 deg.C warm water, taking out, and air drying until water on perlite does not drop to obtain water-containing perlite;
2) laying a layer of water-containing perlite with the thickness of 1-3cm at the bottom of the production container to form a perlite bottom layer, then inserting the peanut seeds subjected to germination accelerating in the step 1) on the perlite bottom layer, and then laying a layer of water-containing perlite with the thickness of 3-8cm to form a perlite top layer; forming a perlite top layer; the production container comprises a plastic container body and a plastic container cover which are matched with each other, wherein the plastic container body and the plastic container cover can be mutually buckled to form a micro-slit used for limiting the air inflow between the plastic container body and the plastic container cover;
3) fastening the plastic container body and the plastic container box, and storing at 25-28 deg.C in dark for 3-4 days.
The production method of the fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts adopts production in the production container with the cover, only a small amount of gas is allowed to enter the production container after the plastic container body and the cover are mutually buckled, the growth of the fibrous roots of the peanut sprouts is effectively inhibited, the produced peanut sprouts have no fibrous roots, the subsequent root removal treatment is not needed, the labor cost is saved, the appearance of the peanut sprouts is attractive, and the visual effect is good. The peanut sprouts produced by the method have no or few fibrous roots, and the nutrient components in the peanut sprouts can be preserved to the maximum extent.
According to the production method of the fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts, the peanut seeds are treated by the warm water, the perlite is soaked in the warm water, the peanut seeds cannot undergo large temperature change, the stable growth of the germs in the peanut seeds is facilitated, and the produced peanut sprouts are higher in quality.
This application has adopted the pearlite after the warm water soaks as the basement to reasonable pearlite thickness about having set up can do benefit to the growth for the moisture that provides suitable volume in the peanut bud growth process, need not water or trickle once more to the peanut bud in addition at the growth process. The transportation and the storage are not influenced when the peanut sprouts are produced, namely, the peanut sprouts grow in the transportation process, and the peanut sprouts just grow when the transportation is finished. The peanut sprouts can be transported, stored, sold and the like after the production container is sealed, and the sealed container is opened before eating, so that the peanut sprouts can be eaten instantly, the most fresh peanut sprouts are guaranteed to be eaten by eaters, and the freshness degree is the highest. Because the peanut sprouts are always in the growth environment before being eaten, the peanut sprouts can be placed on shelves and selected for purchase when being sold, and the quality of the peanut sprouts cannot be influenced. And the production container is internally provided with a relatively closed space, and only the production container is provided with a micro-slit for limiting the air inflow, so that the peanut sprouts produced by the method are very convenient for network sale.
The production container is sealed, so that perlite in the production container can be prevented from scattering in the transportation, storage and sale processes, and the production state of peanut sprouts can be fully prevented from being influenced.
The length of the bud grown on the peanut seed after pregermination is not too long and not too short, the bud is too long, so that the tender bud is broken when the peanut seed is planted in the perlite bottom layer, and the growth process of the bud after pregermination is disturbed when the bud is too short. Generally, after heat preservation is carried out for 24 hours during pregermination, the bud length on the peanut seeds is 0.5-1 cm.
In the step 2), the seeds are planted, namely, the buds on the peanut seeds are downwards inserted into the perlite bottom layer.
Soaking the seeds in warm water at 35 ℃ for 3.5h in the step 1). The optimal time for soaking seeds is 3.5h, which not only can ensure that tender shoots with proper length can be obtained, but also can prevent the skin of the peanut seeds from being damaged due to overlong soaking time.
Removing the shell in the step 1) and then cleaning the shell with clear water.
When the perlite is treated in the step b) in the step 1), the perlite is soaked in warm water at 35 ℃ for 1-5 min. The perlite is soaked in warm water to keep the perlite at a proper temperature, and the soaking of the perlite is generally carried out in a constant temperature space of 35 ℃ such as a greenhouse. The process of fishing out and drying after soaking is also carried out in a constant temperature space of 35 ℃.
During germination accelerating in the step 1), preserving heat for 24 hours at the temperature of 25-28 ℃; and spraying water to the peanut seeds every 8 hours during heat preservation. The water spraying means that the peanut seeds are fully soaked.
Too small a thickness of the perlite bottom and top layers tends to result in insufficient moisture, and too large a thickness is detrimental to transportation and increases costs. Typically, the top layer of perlite is thicker than the bottom layer of perlite. Can ensure sufficient moisture and provide enough growth space for peanut sprouts. Preferably, the thickness of the bottom perlite layer in the step 2) is 2cm, and the thickness of the top perlite layer is 5 cm.
Generally, a rectangular parallelepiped or square plastic box is used as the plastic container.
In order to provide sufficient growth space for peanut sprouts, the inner surface of the plastic box cover is typically 2cm from the upper surface of the perlite top layer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the peanut sprouts produced by the production method of the fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts have the characteristics of freshness and rootless, the freshness and the vitality degree are fully ensured, the peanut sprouts can be eaten instantly after being opened, and the quality can be preserved for about 7 days at 0-15 ℃ when the peanut sprouts are not eaten. The production method of the fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts is convenient to transport, the peanut sprouts grow in the transport process, are still in the perlite environment in the production container in the selling process after being transported to the selling destination, and are taken out until being eaten, so that the maximum freshness preservation is realized.
The method for producing the fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts can obtain the peanut sprouts without rootlets, saves the process of removing the rootlets in the traditional peanut sprout production process, greatly saves the labor and time cost, and reduces the production cost of the peanut sprouts. The peanut sprouts produced by the production method are fresh-keeping, keep-alive and free of roots, are convenient to popularize, and can be made into the popular dining table with rich nutrition and free of roots.
The fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts can be sold with a production container, when the peanut sprouts are eaten, the production container is opened for harvesting, the harvest is carried out when the peanut sprouts need to be eaten, the rest peanut sprouts can still grow in the production container and can be harvested along with eating, and the freshness and the vitality of the peanut sprouts are fully embodied.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the appearance of peanut sprouts in a comparative example;
fig. 2 is a picture of the appearance of fresh, unrooted peanut sprouts of example 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the specific embodiments.
The plastic box used in the following examples was a production container having an overall outer shape of a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a size of about 20cm by 10 to 20cm, and including a plastic container body and a plastic container lid which are fitted to each other and capable of being engaged with each other to form a minute gap for limiting an amount of intake air between the plastic container body and the plastic container lid; the contact parts of the box body and the box cover are mutually attached, and the gap can only allow a small amount of air to enter the box body, so that the air entering the plastic box can be reduced. The bottom and other parts of the plastic box are not provided with drain holes.
Example 1
The production method of the fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts comprises the following steps:
1) seed selection
Selecting annual, fully mature, skinned, duck egg-shaped, full fruit grains, no insect pest and large-particle peanut seeds;
2) treatment of peanut seeds and perlite
a. Peanut seed treatment
Soaking seeds: removing shells of peanut seeds, washing the peanut seeds with clear water, and then soaking the peanut seeds in warm water at 35 ℃ for 3.5 hours;
accelerating germination: taking out the soaked peanut seeds, draining, then flatly paving the peanut seeds in a germination accelerating box, wherein the size of the germination accelerating box is about 50cm x 30cm x 10cm, the size of the peanut seeds is 50cm x 30cm, then stacking the germination accelerating box, putting the germination accelerating box in a constant temperature box at 25 ℃, preserving heat for 24 hours, and sprinkling water to the peanuts every 8 hours during heat preservation, wherein the peanut seeds are wetted every time;
b. perlite treatment
Soaking perlite in 35 deg.C warm water for 3min, taking out, and air drying at 35 deg.C in greenhouse until water on perlite does not drop to obtain water-containing perlite;
3) laying a layer of water-containing perlite with the thickness of 2cm at the bottom of a box body of a rectangular plastic box to form a perlite bottom layer, then inserting peanut seeds subjected to germination acceleration on the perlite bottom layer, inserting peanut sprouts downwards into the perlite bottom layer during seed insertion, and then laying a layer of water-containing perlite with the thickness of 5cm to form a perlite top layer;
4) buckling a plastic box cover of the plastic box with the box body, enabling the distance between the inner surface of the box cover and the upper surface of the perlite top layer to be 2cm, stacking the plastic box and placing the plastic box in a bud frame used for fixing the plastic box, then placing the bud frame provided with the plurality of plastic boxes in a thermostat at 25 ℃, and storing the bud frame in a dark place for 4 days to eat. The 4 days of storage can be the time of transportation, and can also be the time of transportation according to the transportation time, and the transportation time is just the end of the fourth day of dark storage.
Example 2
The production method of the fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts comprises the following steps:
1) seed selection
Selecting annual, fully mature, skinned, duck egg-shaped, full fruit grains, no insect pest and large-particle peanut seeds;
2) treatment of peanut seeds and perlite
a. Peanut seed treatment
Soaking seeds: removing shells of peanut seeds, washing the peanut seeds with clear water, and then soaking the peanut seeds in warm water at 35 ℃ for 2 hours;
accelerating germination: taking out the soaked peanut seeds, draining, then flatly paving the peanut seeds in a germination accelerating box, wherein the size of the germination accelerating box is about 50cm x 30cm x 10cm, the size of the peanut seeds is 50cm x 30cm, then stacking the germination accelerating box, putting the germination accelerating box in a constant temperature box at 28 ℃, preserving heat for 20 hours, and sprinkling water to the peanuts every 5 hours during heat preservation, wherein the peanut seeds are wetted every time;
b. perlite treatment
Soaking perlite in 35 deg.C warm water for 3min, taking out, and air drying at 35 deg.C in greenhouse until water on perlite does not drop to obtain water-containing perlite;
3) laying a layer of water-containing perlite with the thickness of 3cm at the bottom of a box body of a rectangular plastic box to form a perlite bottom layer, then inserting the peanut seeds subjected to germination acceleration on the perlite bottom layer, inserting the peanut seeds downwards into the perlite bottom layer during seed insertion, and then laying a layer of water-containing perlite with the thickness of 8cm to form a perlite top layer;
4) buckling a plastic box cover of the plastic box with the box body, enabling the distance between the inner surface of the box cover and the upper surface of the perlite top layer to be 2cm, stacking the plastic box and placing the plastic box in a bud frame for fixing the plastic box, then placing the bud frame with the plurality of plastic boxes in a thermostat at 28 ℃, and storing the bud frame in a dark place for 4 days to eat. The 4 days of storage can be the time of transportation, and can also be the time of transportation according to the transportation time, and the transportation time is just the end of the fourth day of dark storage.
Example 3
The production method of the fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts comprises the following steps:
1) seed selection
Selecting annual, fully mature, skinned, duck egg-shaped, full fruit grains, no insect pest and large-particle peanut seeds;
2) treatment of peanut seeds and perlite
a. Peanut seed treatment
Soaking seeds: removing shells of peanut seeds, washing the peanut seeds with clear water, and then soaking the peanut seeds in warm water at 35 ℃ for 4 hours;
accelerating germination: taking out the soaked peanut seeds, draining, then flatly paving the peanut seeds in a germination accelerating box, wherein the size of the germination accelerating box is about 50cm x 30cm x 10cm, the size of the peanut seeds is 50cm x 30cm, then stacking the germination accelerating boxes, placing the germination accelerating boxes in a constant temperature box at 26 ℃, preserving heat for 30 hours, and sprinkling water to the peanuts every 8 hours during heat preservation, wherein the peanut seeds are wetted every time;
b. perlite treatment
Soaking perlite in 35 deg.C warm water for 3min, taking out, and air drying at 35 deg.C in greenhouse until water on perlite does not drop to obtain water-containing perlite;
3) laying a layer of water-containing perlite with the thickness of 2cm at the bottom of a box body of a rectangular plastic box to form a perlite bottom layer, then inserting peanut seeds subjected to germination acceleration on the perlite bottom layer, inserting peanut sprouts downwards into the perlite bottom layer during seed insertion, and then laying a layer of water-containing perlite with the thickness of 6cm to form a perlite top layer;
4) buckling a plastic box cover of the plastic box with the box body, enabling the distance between the inner surface of the box cover and the upper surface of the perlite top layer to be 2cm, stacking the plastic box and placing the plastic box in a bud frame used for fixing the plastic box, then placing the bud frame provided with the plurality of plastic boxes in a thermostat at 27 ℃, and storing the bud frame in a dark place for 4 days to eat. The 4 days of storage can be the time of transportation, and can also be the time of transportation according to the transportation time, and the transportation time is just the end of the fourth day of dark storage.
Comparative example
The method for producing peanut sprouts of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
1) seed selection
Selecting annual, fully mature, skinned, duck egg-shaped, full fruit grains, no insect pest and large-particle peanut seeds;
2) treatment of peanut seeds and perlite
a. Peanut seed treatment
Soaking seeds: peeling peanut seeds, washing the peanut seeds with clear water, and then soaking the peanut seeds in warm water at 35 ℃ for 4 hours;
accelerating germination: taking out the soaked peanut seeds, draining, then flatly paving the peanut seeds in a large germination accelerating box, wherein the size of the large germination accelerating box is about 50cm x 30cm x 10cm, the size of the peanut seeds is 50cm x 30cm, then stacking the germination accelerating box, putting the germination accelerating box in a constant temperature box at 25 ℃, preserving heat for 30 hours, and sprinkling water to the peanuts every 5 hours during heat preservation;
b. perlite treatment
Soaking perlite in water for 5min, taking out, and air drying until water on perlite does not drop to obtain water-containing perlite;
3) laying a layer of water-containing perlite with the thickness of 3cm at the bottom of a tray body of the plastic tray to form a perlite bottom layer, then inserting the peanut seeds subjected to germination acceleration on the perlite bottom layer, inserting the peanut seeds downwards into the perlite bottom layer during seed insertion, and then laying a layer of water-containing perlite with the thickness of 8cm to form a perlite top layer; then the plastic plate is opened in a thermostat at 27 ℃ and is stored for 4 days in a dark place.
Test examples
1) Appearance observation
Peanut sprouts produced in example 1 and comparative example were taken and observed for appearance.
The peanut sprouts produced in the comparative example are shown in fig. 1, and the peanut sprouts produced in the comparative example have very many fibrous roots and poor overall appearance visual effect.
The peanut sprouts produced in example 1 were shown in fig. 2 as having a full shape, smooth sprouts, no fibrous roots and good visual results.
2) Test for storage Property
The peanut sprouts produced in the comparative example were removed from the perlite after growth was complete and after 12 hours of storage in air, the sprouts of the comparative example became darker in color and affected consumption. The fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts can be preserved in the production container all the time, so that the sprouts can be kept smooth and tidy, and the color is uniform.

Claims (6)

1. A production method of fresh and alive rootless peanut sprouts is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) seed selection
Selecting annual, fully mature, skinned, duck egg-shaped, full fruit grains, no insect pest and large-particle peanut seeds;
2) treatment of peanut seeds and perlite
a. Peanut seed treatment
Soaking seeds: removing shells of peanut seeds, washing the peanut seeds with clear water, and then soaking the peanut seeds in warm water at 35 ℃ for 2-4 hours;
accelerating germination: taking out the soaked peanut seeds, draining, spreading in a germination accelerating box, stacking the germination accelerating boxes, placing in a constant temperature box, and keeping the temperature at 25-28 ℃ for 20-30h, wherein the peanut seeds are sprayed with water every 5-8h during the heat preservation;
b. perlite treatment
Soaking perlite in 35 deg.C warm water, taking out, and air drying until water on perlite does not drop to obtain water-containing perlite;
3) laying a layer of water-containing perlite with the thickness of 1-3cm at the bottom of the production container to form a perlite bottom layer, then inserting the peanut seeds subjected to germination accelerating in the step 1) on the perlite bottom layer, and then laying a layer of water-containing perlite with the thickness of 3-8cm to form a perlite top layer; the production container comprises a plastic container body and a plastic container cover which are matched with each other, wherein the plastic container body and the plastic container cover can be mutually buckled to form a micro-slit used for limiting the air inflow between the plastic container body and the plastic container cover; the bottom and other parts of the plastic box are not provided with drain holes; the inner surface of the plastic container cover is 2cm away from the upper surface of the perlite top layer;
4) fastening the plastic container body and the plastic container box, and storing at 25-28 deg.C in dark for 3-4 days.
2. The method of producing fresh, viable, unrooted peanut sprouts of claim 1, wherein: and after heat preservation is carried out for 24 hours during germination acceleration, the length of the bud on the peanut seed is 0.5-1 cm.
3. The method of producing fresh, viable, unrooted peanut sprouts of claim 1, wherein: and in the step 3), the seeds are planted, namely, the buds on the peanut seeds are downwards inserted into the perlite bottom layer.
4. The method of producing fresh, viable, unrooted peanut sprouts of claim 1, wherein: soaking the seeds in the step 2) in warm water at 35 ℃ for 3.5 h.
5. The method of producing fresh, viable, unrooted peanut sprouts of claim 1, wherein: preserving the heat for 24 hours at the temperature of 25-28 ℃ during germination accelerating in the step 2); and spraying water to the peanuts every 8 hours during heat preservation.
6. The method of producing fresh, viable, unrooted peanut sprouts of claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), the thickness of the bottom layer of the perlite is 2cm, and the thickness of the top layer of the perlite is 5 cm.
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CN109122252A (en) * 2018-07-13 2019-01-04 高俪萍 A kind of SOD educates bud method without soil
CN110073965A (en) * 2019-06-03 2019-08-02 新疆中泰创新技术研究院有限责任公司 The production method and peanut sprout of peanut sprout
CN112056199A (en) * 2020-09-14 2020-12-11 浙江省萧山棉麻研究所 Seedling storage and breeding method for hemerocallis fulva

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