CN107619712A - A kind of method that ultrasonic assistant prepares pears seed oil - Google Patents
A kind of method that ultrasonic assistant prepares pears seed oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN107619712A CN107619712A CN201710937331.1A CN201710937331A CN107619712A CN 107619712 A CN107619712 A CN 107619712A CN 201710937331 A CN201710937331 A CN 201710937331A CN 107619712 A CN107619712 A CN 107619712A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the preparation method of grease, more particularly to a kind of ultrasonic assistant prepares the oily method of pears seed, and this method comprises the following steps：Pears seed is dried, crush, sieving, after obtained pears seed powder mixes with Extraction solvent, it is placed in Vltrasonic device and carries out ultrasonic extraction, the mixed liquor after extraction is filtered, filtrate carries out vacuum evaporation separation, Extraction solvent and extract are obtained, extract is positioned in constant temperature blast drying oven, is dried to constant weight, obtain pears seed crude oil, alkali and activated carbon are added into pears seed crude oil, is placed in supersonic wave cleaning machine, carries out depickling, deodorization and decolouring, then decompression filters, solids is reclaimed, filtrate is dried in vacuo, and gets product avocado seed essential oil；Method technique that the ultrasonic assistant prepares pears seed oil is simple, workable, energy consumption is low, it is time-consuming it is short, be easy to industry's enlarging production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of grease, more particularly to a kind of ultrasonic assistant prepares the method for taking pears seed oil.
Background technology
Pears seed is pears caused discarded object during Fruit quality, is gone out of use substantially at present, this not only waste of resource, and
And pollution environment.Grease is rich in pears seed, is the fabulous natural resources for developing vegetable fat.Pears seed oil can not only be used for edible oil with
Meet the intake demand of body fat acid, it can also be used to medicine, health food are produced, is alternatively arranged as the oiliness raw material of cosmetics,
Exploitation prospect is wide.Extracting pears seed oil and being processed into refined oil has very big meaning to comprehensive utilization pears seed resource
Justice.
The common methods of extraction seed oil have milling process, solvent method, aqueous enzymatic method, ultrasonic assistant extraction method, Microwave-assisted Extraction
Follow the example of, soxhlet extraction method, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method.Using squeezing process, not only cost is high, and due to squeezing
Easily made grease that brown stain occur by high temperature in journey, oil quality is poor.Lixiviation process, the operating time is long, and organic solvent is dirty to environment
Dye is big, easy residual solvent in product oil.Easily there is the problem of time-consuming and solvent load is excessive in soxhlet extraction method.Aqueous enzymatic method can be simultaneously
Separation oil and protein, operating condition are gentle, are adapted to high-moisture oil plant, technique simple, but carry and O/W types are easily formed in oil systems
Emulsion, it is separated difficult.Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method has low energy consumption, easily operated, no solvent residue, will not caused
The features such as heat-sensitive ingredients change, but cost is too high and unsuitable large-scale production.Because non-polar solven can not absorb
Microwave, to accelerate to extract, it is common practice to polar solvent is added in non-polar solven, so microwave―assisted extraction is answered
With also there is certain limitation.Compared with above several extracting methods, ultrasonic extraction has certain superiority.
Nonglyceride composition is usually contained by the crude oil the inside leached or squeezed, such as containing a small amount of phosphatide, free fat
The microcomponent, phosphatide, free fatty and pigment etc. such as fat acid, pigment microcomponent by refining, it is necessary to be removed.
Traditional grease process for refining is to use to produce chemical refining method of the higher ranked oil product as main purpose, bag
Include the operational sequences such as degumming, depickling, decolouring, deodorization.Wherein, scouring processes use aquation degumming tech mostly, and water consumption is big, consumption
Duration, easily causes water pollution and cost is higher.Depickling operates generally use alkali refining method, and the method needs to neutralize crude oil first with alkali
In free fatty and generate soap, then carry out oil soap separation, recycle water to wash away residual soap in oil, thus can produce big
Measure waste water.Decolorization operations typically adsorb the coloring matter in grease using adsorbents such as diatomite, atlapulgites, in causing
Property oil and fat-soluble pigment loss, and make to remain diatom bilgy odour or carclazyte fishy smell in bleached oil, this fishy smell needs again
The subsequent handlings such as deodorization can just take off.Deodorization operation generally requires the height of high temperature and below residual voltage 20mmHg more than 250 DEG C
It could be completed under vacuum condition, not only power consumption is high for such high temperature high vacuum operation, and tocopherol, sterol, squalene etc. are raw in oil
Thing active ingredient loss is big, and can lose the distinctive natural flavor of pears seed oil, and makes to produce carcinogen-trans fat in grease
The food safety hazard factor such as fat acid and BaP.This less consideration of traditional grease process for refining is to nutritional ingredient in oil
Retain and energy-saving, in crude oil refining process, cause some important nutrition of such as V E, sterol, oryzanol in grease
The loss of material is excessive, and consumes substantial amounts of steaming gas and water, electricity.And application of the ultrasonic technology in refinery practice then can be with
Such issues that solve to a certain extent.
Ultrasonic cavitation acts on adjoint fuel factor and mechanical effect, has the function that heat transfer and mass transfer, in liquid and gas
Body or solid contact interface can produce stronger shearing force, increase interfacial pressure, and these effects promote material particle movement velocity
Greatly speed up, so as to which grease oozes out quick increase.And ultrasonic disruption process is a physical change process, bioactivity is not
Subtract, can guarantee that oil quality.Equally, in refinery practice, ultrasonic cavitation acts on adjoint fuel factor and mechanical effect, also may be used
Many physical and chemical processes are included to be rapidly completed aquation degumming, soda ash depickling, activated carbon decolorizing deodorization etc., make grease accompaniment
The combination of selectivity and triglycerides weakens and separated from oil.
Publication No. CN102839049A（Application number CN201210336952.1）A kind of plant of Introduction To Cn Patent
The technical method of lipin deacidifying, traditional alkali-refining deacidification technology is improved, ultrasonic technology is introduced into deacidification process
In.But in extraction seed oil and to be processed into all process steps of refined oil current all using the application report of ultrasonic technology
It has not been found that.
In the prior art, the method that pears seed oil is not prepared using ultrasonic assistant.
The content of the invention
To solve the complex process of generally existing in current fats and oils processing industry, time-consuming, energy consumption high pollution is big, Yi Jixian
There is technology there is no the problem of pears seed oil extract method, the present invention provides a kind of method of ultrasonic assistant extraction pears seed oil.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of method that ultrasonic assistant prepares pears seed oil, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：（1）Pears seed is done
It is dry, crush, sieving, it is stand-by to obtain pears seed powder；（2）By above-mentioned pears seed powder and Extraction solvent using solid-liquid ratio as 1:2~6（g/ml）Mixing
Afterwards, it is placed in Vltrasonic device and is extracted, ultrasonic power is 160~200W, and Extracting temperature is 25~45 DEG C, extraction 25~
After 45min, extraction mixed liquor is obtained；（3）Obtained extraction mixed liquor is filtered, the solids such as pears seed powder grain is isolated, obtains
Extract filtrate；（4）Extraction filtrate is subjected to vacuum evaporation separation, obtains Extraction solvent and extract, extract is positioned over constant temperature drum
In wind drying box, dry to constant weight, obtain pears seed crude oil；（5）Alkali and activated carbon are added into pears seed crude oil, it is clear to be placed in ultrasonic wave
It is 200W in ultrasonic power, temperature is 25 ~ 45 DEG C, after 15 ~ 20min of ultrasound, is warming up to 45 ~ 75 DEG C, continues ultrasound 45 in washing machine
Pears seed crude oil mixture is obtained after ~ 75min；（6）Pears seed crude oil mixture is subjected to decompression suction filtration, reclaims solids, filtrate is carried out
Vacuum drying, gets product avocado seed essential oil.
Preferably, the step（1）In, drying is that pears seed is placed in air drier, dry in 50~60 DEG C of temperature
It is dry to water content be 4 ~ 5%；Crushing is that dried pears seed is crushed using pulverizer；Sieving is by the pears seed mistake of crushing
30 ~ 60 mesh sieves, the pears seed powder of small particle is selected to use.
Preferably, the step（2）In, Extraction solvent is the petroleum ether that boiling range is 60 ~ 90 DEG C, and petroleum ether is molten with oil
Solution property is good, and boiling point is easy to separate with oil far below oil.
Preferably, the step（5）In, alkali is at least the one of sodium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate, potassium carbonate or saleratus
Kind.
Preferably, alkali is sodium carbonate, sodium carbonate is cheap for potassium carbonate, removes same acid number situation
Under, relative to sodium acid carbonate, the amount of the sodium carbonate of consumption will be lacked, therefore economical and practical, and pears seed oil mistake is prepared in ultrasonic wave
Cheng Zhong, when carrying out depickling processing to pears seed crude oil, the sodium carbonate of respective amount is added according to the acid number of pears seed crude oil, adds sodium carbonate
When, the acid number of the real time measure pears seed oil, until the acid number of pears seed oil is qualified.
Preferably, the activated carbon addition quality is the 0.5 ~ 0.9% of pears seed crude oil quality.
Preferably, the step（6）In, the acid number of finished product avocado seed essential oil is 1.5~2.0 mgKOH/g, peroxidating
It is 150~165 mgKOH/g to be worth for 2.5~4.5 mmol/Kg, saponification number.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
（1）The method that ultrasonic assistant provided by the invention prepares pears seed oil, extraction pears seed oil are simultaneously processed into refined oil
All process steps all utilize ultrasonic technology, process less energy consumption, take short.
（2）In the ultrasonic cavitation mechanism of the present invention, with fuel factor and mechanical effect, depickling, activated carbon take off
Color deodorization refining process one step is completed, and small investment of production equipment, operation cost is low, and technique is simple, workable, environmental pollution
It is small, it is easy to industrialized production.
Embodiment
The present invention and its embodiment are described in further detail with reference to embodiment, but are not intended to limit
The scope of the present invention, exemplified by handling 500g pears seed crude oils, the processing step of the embodiment is as follows.
Embodiment 1：
The pears seed that 2kg is cleaned up is placed in air drier, drying is 4% to moisture at 60 DEG C, utilizes pulverizer
Crushed, the pears seed after crushing crosses 40 mesh sieves, takes the pears seed powder of small particle to be fitted into container, according to pears seed powder using solid-liquid ratio as
1:4（g/ml）Amount, after adding the petroleum ether mixing that Extraction solvent boiling range is 60 ~ 90 DEG C, in 35 DEG C of Extracting temperature, ultrasonic power
After ultrasonic extraction 35min under the conditions of 200W, extraction mixed liquor is obtained；Gained extraction mixture is filtered, collects extraction filter
Liquid, vacuum evaporation then is carried out to extraction filtrate, obtains Extraction solvent and extract, constant temperature air blast is put extract obtained and does
Dry case drying obtains pears seed crude oil, pears seed crude oil 0.610kg is made, the oil yield of pears seed crude oil is 30.5% to constant weight.
Weigh 500g pears seed crude oils to be transferred in container, the sodium carbonate of respective amount is added according to pears seed crude oil, and add 3.5g
Activated carbon, it is placed in supersonic wave cleaning machine, is 200W in ultrasonic power, temperature is at 40 DEG C after ultrasonic 20min, is warming up to 60 DEG C
After Shi Jixu ultrasounds 60min, decompression suction filtration is carried out, reclaims solids, filtrate is dried in vacuo, and obtains finished product avocado seed essential oil,
The recovery rate of the pears seed essential oil is 85%, and its acid number is 1.5~1.6 mgKOH/g, and peroxide value is 3.2~3.5 mmol/
Kg, saponification number are 158~160 mgKOH/g.
Embodiment 2：
The pears seed that 2kg is cleaned up is placed in air drier, drying is 5% to moisture at 50 DEG C, utilizes pulverizer
Crushed, the pears seed after crushing crosses 60 mesh sieves, takes the pears seed powder of small particle to be fitted into container, according to pears seed powder using solid-liquid ratio as
1:2（g/ml）Amount, after adding the petroleum ether mixing that Extraction solvent boiling range is 60 ~ 90 DEG C, in 45 DEG C of Extracting temperature, ultrasonic power
After ultrasonic extraction 45min under the conditions of 160W, extraction mixed liquor is obtained；Gained extraction mixture is filtered, collects extraction filter
Liquid, vacuum evaporation then is carried out to extraction filtrate, obtains Extraction solvent and extract, constant temperature air blast is put extract obtained and does
Dry case drying obtains pears seed crude oil, pears seed crude oil 0.595kg is made, the oil yield of pears seed crude oil is 29.75% to constant weight.
Weigh 500g pears seed crude oils to be transferred in container, the sodium carbonate of respective amount is added according to pears seed crude oil, and add 2.5g
Activated carbon, it is placed in supersonic wave cleaning machine, is 200W in ultrasonic power, temperature is at 25 DEG C after ultrasonic 20min, is warming up to 45 DEG C
After Shi Jixu ultrasounds 75min, decompression suction filtration is carried out, reclaims solids, filtrate is dried in vacuo, and obtains finished product avocado seed essential oil,
The recovery rate of the pears seed essential oil is 87%, and its acid number is 1.8~2.0 mgKOH/g, and peroxide value is 4.2~4.5 mmol/
Kg, saponification number are 163~165mgKOH/g.
Embodiment 3：
The pears seed that 2kg is cleaned up is placed in air drier, drying is 4% to moisture at 55 DEG C, utilizes pulverizer
Crushed, the pears seed after crushing crosses 30 mesh sieves, takes the pears seed powder of small particle to be fitted into container, according to pears seed powder using solid-liquid ratio as
1:6（g/ml）Amount, after adding the petroleum ether mixing that Extraction solvent boiling range is 60 ~ 90 DEG C, in 25 DEG C of Extracting temperature, ultrasonic power
After ultrasonic extraction 25min under the conditions of 180W, extraction mixed liquor is obtained；Gained extraction mixture is filtered, collects extraction filter
Liquid, vacuum evaporation then is carried out to extraction filtrate, obtains Extraction solvent and extract, constant temperature air blast is put extract obtained and does
Dry case drying obtains pears seed crude oil, pears seed crude oil 0.605kg is made, the oil yield of pears seed crude oil is 30.25% to constant weight.
Weigh 500g pears seed crude oils to be transferred in container, the sodium carbonate of respective amount is added according to pears seed crude oil, and add 4.5g
Activated carbon, it is placed in supersonic wave cleaning machine, is 200W in ultrasonic power, temperature is at 35 DEG C after ultrasonic 15min, is warming up to 75 DEG C
After Shi Jixu ultrasounds 45min, decompression suction filtration is carried out, reclaims solids, filtrate is dried in vacuo, and obtains finished product avocado seed essential oil,
The recovery rate of the pears seed essential oil is 84.3%, and its acid number is 1.7~1.8 mgKOH/g, and peroxide value is 2.5~2.6
Mmol/Kg, saponification number are 150~153 mgKOH/g.
Embodiment described above is a kind of preferable scheme of the present invention, not the present invention is made any formal
Limitation, for the those familiar of this area, can readily realize other modification, without prejudice to claim and equivalency range
In the case of the universal limited, the present invention is not limited to specific details.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method that ultrasonic assistant prepares pears seed oil, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：（1）By pears seed
It dry, pulverize, sieve, it is stand-by to obtain pears seed powder；（2）By above-mentioned pears seed powder and Extraction solvent using solid-liquid ratio as 1:2~6（g/ml）It is mixed
After conjunction, it is placed in Vltrasonic device and is extracted, ultrasonic power is 160~200W, and Extracting temperature is 25~45 DEG C, extraction 25~
After 45min, extraction mixed liquor is obtained；（3）Obtained extraction mixed liquor is filtered, the solids such as pears seed powder grain is isolated, obtains
Extract filtrate；（4）Extraction filtrate is subjected to vacuum evaporation separation, obtains Extraction solvent and extract, extract is positioned over constant temperature drum
In wind drying box, dry to constant weight, obtain pears seed crude oil；（5）Alkali and activated carbon are added into pears seed crude oil, it is clear to be placed in ultrasonic wave
It is 200W in ultrasonic power, temperature is 25 ~ 45 DEG C, after 15 ~ 20min of ultrasound, is warming up to 45 ~ 75 DEG C, continues ultrasound 45 in washing machine
Pears seed crude oil mixture is obtained after ~ 75min；（6）Pears seed crude oil mixture is subjected to decompression suction filtration, reclaims solids, filtrate is carried out
Vacuum drying, gets product avocado seed essential oil.
2. the method that a kind of ultrasonic assistant according to claim 1 prepares pears seed oil, it is characterised in that the step
（1）In, drying is that pears seed is placed in air drier, is 4 ~ 5% in 50~60 DEG C of dryings of temperature to water content；Crushing is profit
Dried pears seed is crushed with pulverizer；Sieving is that the pears seed of crushing is crossed into 30 ~ 60 mesh sieves.
3. the method that a kind of ultrasonic assistant according to claim 1 prepares pears seed oil, it is characterised in that the step
（2）In, Extraction solvent is the petroleum ether that boiling range is 60 ~ 90 DEG C.
4. the method that a kind of ultrasonic assistant according to claim 1 prepares pears seed oil, it is characterised in that the step
（5）In, alkali is at least one of sodium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate, potassium carbonate or saleratus.
5. the method that a kind of ultrasonic assistant according to claim 4 prepares pears seed oil, it is characterised in that alkali is carbonic acid
Sodium.
6. the method that a kind of ultrasonic assistant according to claim 1 prepares pears seed oil, it is characterised in that the step
（5）In, activated carbon addition quality is the 0.5 ~ 0.9% of pears seed crude oil quality.
7. the method that a kind of ultrasonic assistant according to claim 1 prepares pears seed oil, it is characterised in that the step
（6）In, the acid number of obtained finished product avocado seed essential oil is 1.5~2.0mgKOH/g, and peroxide value is 2.5~4.5mmol/Kg,
Saponification number is 150~165mgKOH/g.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108294969A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-20 | 浙江树人学院 | A kind of natural activity pears seed oil face cream and preparation method thereof |
| CN108618165A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-10-09 | 贵州师范大学 | A kind of peeling method of peony seeds benevolence |
| CN108841442A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-20 | 安徽省宝天农贸有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-quality sesame oil |
| CN108865402A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-23 | 安徽省宝天农贸有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of rapeseed oil |
| CN110003983A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-07-12 | 范加家 | A kind of processing method improving borneol essential oil yield |
| CN110079383A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-02 | 新疆源森农业开发有限公司 | A kind of black fruit fructus lycii grease and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108294969A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-20 | 浙江树人学院 | A kind of natural activity pears seed oil face cream and preparation method thereof |
| CN108618165A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-10-09 | 贵州师范大学 | A kind of peeling method of peony seeds benevolence |
| CN108841442A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-20 | 安徽省宝天农贸有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-quality sesame oil |
| CN108865402A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-23 | 安徽省宝天农贸有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of rapeseed oil |
| CN110003983A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-07-12 | 范加家 | A kind of processing method improving borneol essential oil yield |
| CN110079383A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-02 | 新疆源森农业开发有限公司 | A kind of black fruit fructus lycii grease and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180123 |