CN107611611B - Miniaturized ultra-wideband multisystem array antenna - Google Patents
Miniaturized ultra-wideband multisystem array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of communication antennas, in particular to a miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-system array antenna, which comprises a metal reflecting plate, a radiating unit, a plastic base and a power divider, wherein the metal reflecting plate is arranged on the radiating unit; the antenna has compact layout structure, the radiation performance of each system depends on each other, the miniaturization of the antenna is skillfully realized, the number of the antennas used by the base station, the station arrangement cost and the operation maintenance cost are reduced, the coverage of 690-960MHz and 1400-2700MHz frequency bands is effectively realized, all frequency bands of the current mobile communication network system are satisfied, and the base station antenna of the high-performance ultra-wideband multi-system is still pioneered in China.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication antennas, in particular to a miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-system array antenna.
Background
Communication technology is an important means of information transmission, and is continuously developed under the drive of the deepening of modern informatization processes. From 3G networks to 3G/WLAN integrated networks to current 4G networks, mobile communication systems have undergone rapid development. An antenna is a system component for radiating and receiving electromagnetic waves as a throat channel of a wireless communication system. A high performance antenna not only can relax the requirements of the communication system but also can improve the performance of the whole system. In order to be compatible with multiple communication systems, the current state of shortage of antenna sector positions is changed, and the miniaturization requirement of the base station antenna is urgent, so that the base station antenna has become a development trend of future base station antennas.
The complex communication network in China and the coexistence of various communication application standards are unavoidable, the coexistence of the same base station 2G,3G and 4G networks is unavoidable, even the later stage involves 5G, the interference among different network systems is serious, the traditional antennas are all independent dual-polarized antennas, and the defects of huge volume, large space occupation, serious visual pollution, complex installation, high operation cost and difficult maintenance wait exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to design a miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-system array antenna aiming at the problems existing in the prior art and the miniaturization of the base station antenna under the condition of meeting the requirements of multi-system ultra-wideband, so as to overcome the problems, and the invention aims to realize the miniaturization of the ultra-wideband multi-system antenna, and provides a miniaturized base station antenna which can achieve both 690-960MHz and 1400-2700MHz and has compact structure, thereby being beneficial to realizing MIMO communication and improving the capacity of a communication system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-system array antenna comprises a metal reflecting plate, a radiating unit, a plastic base and a power divider; the radiation unit, the plastic base and the power divider are fixedly arranged on the metal reflecting plate.
Further, the radiating units are a low-frequency radiating unit, an intermediate-frequency radiating unit and a high-frequency radiating unit.
Further, the metal reflecting plate is partially hollowed out, the plastic base is arranged, and part of the medium-frequency radiating units and part of the high-frequency radiating units are arranged on the plastic base, so that the metal reflecting plate is prevented from being physically and directly connected with the metal reflecting plate. Electromagnetic coupling between each frequency band is reduced in a mode that the radiation units of each frequency band are not grounded together, so that the independence of the related performance indexes of each system is ensured to a certain extent. The other part of the high-frequency radiating units are nested and arranged on the bowl-shaped low-frequency radiating units; the other part of the intermediate frequency radiating units and all the low frequency radiating units are directly connected with the metal reflecting plate through metal screws, and the low frequency radiating performance can be optimized to a certain extent by selecting proper intermediate frequency vibrator grounding.
Further, the working frequency range of the low-frequency radiation unit is 690-960MHz, the working frequency range of the intermediate-frequency radiation unit is 1400-2400MHz, and the working frequency range of the high-frequency radiation unit is 1695-2700MHz.
Further, the low-frequency radiating unit is a cylindrical base, two pairs of vibrators are orthogonally polarized and used for transmitting or receiving signals, each pair of vibrators are oppositely arranged in parallel, the inside of a bowl-shaped low-frequency radiating unit comprises a mounting disc, a high-frequency radiating unit can be mounted, and the geometric center of the aperture surface of the mounted high-frequency radiating unit coincides with the geometric center of the aperture surface of the low-frequency radiating unit.
Further, the extending directions of the two pairs of vibrators of the low-frequency radiating unit, the extending directions of the two vibrators of the medium-frequency radiating unit and the extending directions of the two vibrators of the high-frequency radiating unit are in parallel, and the extending directions of the three radiating units are all 45-degree included angles with the flanging of the metal reflecting plate.
Further, the low frequency array, the intermediate frequency array and the high frequency array are all arranged in a linear equidistant manner and respectively have a first pitch, a second pitch and a third pitch, and preferably, the first pitch is greater than the second pitch, and the second pitch is greater than or equal to the third pitch.
Further, the high-frequency radiating element comprises two vibrators which are mutually orthogonal, and an equal number of high-frequency radiating elements are coaxially arranged with the low-frequency array along the second reference line and the third reference line respectively to form two rows of high-frequency arrays, wherein part of the high-frequency radiating elements are arranged in bowl-shaped low-frequency radiating elements, the other part of the high-frequency radiating elements are arranged on the floor through plastic pieces, a certain level difference exists between the high-frequency radiating elements of the two parts, the number of the high-frequency radiating elements is more than that of the low-frequency radiating elements, and the number of the high-frequency radiating elements is preferably 2 times or 3 times that of the low-frequency radiating elements.
Further, the intermediate frequency radiating unit comprises two vibrators which are mutually orthogonal; the plurality of intermediate frequency radiating units are arranged along a first reference line to form a column of intermediate frequency arrays, and the first reference line is positioned in the middle of the metal reflecting plate; the metal reflecting plate is symmetrical about a first reference axis, and a plurality of low-frequency radiating units with equal numbers are respectively arranged along a second reference line and a third reference line to form two rows of low-frequency arrays; the second reference line and the third reference line are parallel to the first reference line and are not overlapped with the first reference line; the second reference line is positioned on one side of the first reference line, and the third reference line is positioned on the other side of the first reference line.
Further, the power divider is a two-way power divider.
Further, the metal reflecting plate is provided with a flange and a metal partition wall on two sides.
Further, the first pair of radiating elements corresponding to the two low-frequency arrays are connected by a two-way power divider, and the last pair of radiating elements corresponding to the two low-frequency arrays are also connected by a two-way power divider, and are respectively assigned to the two low-frequency arrays, that is, the two low-frequency arrays finally formed are both L-shaped.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-system array antenna, wherein two low-frequency arrays are distributed in an L shape, so that the beam width of a horizontal plane is narrowed to a certain extent, and the front-to-back ratio is improved. In addition, the part of the medium-frequency radiation unit and the part of the high-frequency radiation unit are directly grounded, and the part of the medium-frequency radiation unit and the low-frequency radiation unit are not grounded together, so that electromagnetic coupling between the radiation units in different frequency bands is eliminated to a certain extent, and certain indexes of low-frequency radiation performance are emphasized and optimized. The medium frequency radiation array is positioned between the two low frequency arrays, the low frequency arrays provide natural radiation boundaries for the low frequency arrays, and the designed metal isolation wall is introduced, so that the excellent radiation performance of the medium frequency of the antenna can be ensured. Part of the high frequency radiating elements are nested within the mounting plate of the bowl-shaped low frequency radiating elements, and as such, the low frequency radiating elements provide superior radiating boundaries for the high frequency elements.
In summary, the layout structure of the antenna is compact, the radiation performance of each system depends on each other, the miniaturization of the antenna is skillfully realized, the coverage of 690-960MHz and 1400-2700MHz frequency bands is effectively realized, all frequency bands of the current mobile communication network are satisfied, and the base station antenna of the high-performance ultra-wideband multi-system is still the first initiative in China.
Therefore, the number of antennas used by the base station can be reduced, the station distribution cost can be reduced, the operation and maintenance cost can be reduced, the size and the weight of the base station antenna are reduced due to miniaturization, and the installation difficulty and the maintenance cost of the antenna are reduced. The wind load during antenna erection can be effectively reduced, and the influence of natural factors on the antenna performance is reduced. The beautifying and camouflage of the base station antenna are facilitated, and the visual pollution is effectively avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-system array antenna according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of a metal reflecting plate in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-system array antenna according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a bowl-shaped low frequency radiating element of the present invention nested high frequency radiating elements; fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a power divider feeding network in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-system array antenna according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-system array antenna according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
reference numerals illustrate:
1-a metal reflecting plate; 2-a low frequency radiating element; 3-an intermediate frequency radiation unit; 4-a high-frequency radiating unit; 5-a plastic base; 6-mounting a disc; 7-a power divider; 8-an intermediate frequency metal isolation wall; 9-high-frequency metal isolation walls; 201. 202-a low frequency radiating element oscillator; 301. 302-an intermediate frequency radiating element oscillator; 401. 402-a high frequency radiating element oscillator; 701. 702-power divider terminals.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the invention with its objects, structures, and functions, reference should be made to the drawings and to the detailed description which follow.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-system array antenna, which includes a metal reflecting plate 1, a low frequency radiating unit 2 operating in a lower frequency band and installed on the metal reflecting plate 1, an intermediate frequency radiating unit 3 operating in an intermediate frequency band and a high frequency radiating unit 4 operating in a higher frequency band. Preferably, the working frequency band of the low-frequency radiation unit 2 is 690-960MHz, the working frequency of the intermediate-frequency radiation unit 3 is 1400-2400MHz, and the working frequency band of the high-frequency radiation unit 4 is 1695-2700MHz.
The metal reflecting plate 1 is partially hollowed out and is used for installing a plastic base 5. Part of the intermediate frequency radiating element 3 and part of the high frequency radiating element 4 are mounted on a plastic base 5, avoiding their physical direct connection with the metal reflector plate 1. Electromagnetic coupling between each frequency band is reduced in a mode that the radiation units of each frequency band are not grounded together, so that the independence of the related performance indexes of each system is ensured to a certain extent. The other part of the high-frequency radiating units 4 are nested and arranged on the bowl-shaped low-frequency radiating units 2; the other part of the intermediate frequency radiating units 3 and all the low frequency radiating units 2 are directly connected with the metal reflecting plate 1 through metal screws, and the low frequency radiating performance can be optimized to a certain extent through selecting proper intermediate frequency radiating units 3 for grounding.
As shown in fig. 3-5, the bowl-shaped low frequency radiating element 2 comprises a cylindrical base and two pairs of low frequency radiating element vibrators 201 and 202 which are orthogonally polarized and used for transmitting or receiving signals, and the two pairs of vibrators are parallel and opposite. The inside of a bowl-shaped low frequency radiating element 2 contains a mounting plate 6 for mounting a high frequency radiating element 4. The geometric center of the aperture surface of the high-frequency radiating element 4 after installation coincides with the geometric center of the aperture surface of the low-frequency radiating element 2.
The intermediate frequency radiating unit 3 comprises an intermediate frequency radiating unit oscillator 301 and an intermediate frequency radiating unit oscillator 302 which are mutually orthogonal; the plurality of intermediate frequency radiating units 3 are arranged along a first reference line to form a column of intermediate frequency arrays, and the first reference line is positioned in the middle of the metal reflecting plate; the metal reflecting plate 1 is axisymmetric with respect to a first reference axis. An equal number of the plurality of low frequency radiating elements 2 are arranged along the second and third reference lines, respectively, forming two columns of low frequency arrays. The second reference line and the third reference line are parallel to the first reference line and are not overlapped with the first reference line; the second reference line is positioned on one side of the first reference line, and the third reference line is positioned on the other side of the first reference line.
The first pair of radiation units corresponding to the two low-frequency arrays are connected by adopting a two-way power divider 7; the corresponding last pair of radiation units are also connected by a two-way power divider 7; they are respectively assigned to two low frequency arrays, namely, the first Array1 and the second Array2, which are both L-shaped, are finally formed.
The high-frequency radiating element 4 includes a high-frequency radiating element vibrator 401 and a high-frequency radiating element vibrator 402 which are orthogonal to each other, and an equal number of high-frequency radiating elements 4 are coaxially arranged with the low-frequency array along a second reference line and a third reference line respectively to form two rows of high-frequency arrays. Wherein part of the high-frequency radiating element 4 is mounted on a mounting plate 6 in the bowl-shaped low-frequency radiating element 2, and the other part is mounted on the metal reflecting plate 1 through a plastic member 5, and the high-frequency radiating elements 4 of the two parts have a certain level difference. Typically, the number of high frequency radiating elements 4 is more than the number of low frequency radiating elements 2, preferably the number of high frequency radiating elements is 2 times the number of low frequency radiating elements.
Preferably, corresponding flanges are arranged on two sides of the metal reflecting plate 1 to control the low-frequency radiation performance of the antenna; an intermediate frequency metal isolation wall 8 is arranged on the periphery of the intermediate frequency radiation unit 3 to control the intermediate frequency radiation performance of the antenna; a high-frequency metal partition wall 9 is provided at the periphery of the high-frequency radiating unit 4 to control the high-frequency radiation performance of the antenna.
Preferably, the low-frequency array is arranged at equal intervals D1 except for two radiating units in the horizontal direction; the intermediate frequency arrays are arranged in a linear equidistant D2; the high frequency array is arranged in a linear equidistant D3. Wherein d1=2×d2 and d1=3×d3.
Preferably, the extending directions of the two pairs of low-frequency radiating element vibrators 201 and 202 of the low-frequency radiating element 2, the extending directions of the intermediate-frequency radiating element vibrators 301 and 302 of the intermediate-frequency radiating element 3 and the extending directions of the high-frequency radiating element vibrator 401 and 402 of the high-frequency radiating element 4 are parallel, and the flanging of the metal reflecting plate 1 forms an included angle of 45 degrees.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 6, the embodiment of the present invention was modified based on embodiment 1. Specifically, the first and last pairs of radiating elements corresponding to the two columns of low frequency arrays, and their corresponding two-way power splitters 7, are eliminated. Instead, a low frequency radiating element 2 is disposed in the middle of the metal reflecting plate 1 in the horizontal direction, so that the first Array1 and the second Array2 shown in fig. 6 are low frequency arrays. The arrangement of the low frequency array in this form also narrows the horizontal beam width to some extent, improving the front-to-back ratio.
Other features in the embodiment of the present invention are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 7, the embodiment of the present invention is also modified based on embodiment 1. Specifically, two columns of intermediate frequency arrays are coaxially arranged with the low frequency arrays, respectively, and a high frequency array is disposed in the middle of the two columns of low frequency arrays. The low-frequency array is used for removing two radiating units in the horizontal direction, and the rest of the radiating units are arranged in a linear equidistant mode D1; the intermediate frequency arrays are arranged in a linear equidistant D2; the high frequency array is arranged in a linear equidistant D3, d1=2×d2 and d1=3×d3.
Other features in the embodiment of the present invention are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.
It should be noted that, in the two embodiments provided above, the number of radiating elements of each frequency band array is only one specific choice of the technical solution of the present invention in practical application. According to the actual engineering requirement, the number of the radiating units is increased or reduced, and the miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-system array antenna with different gains can be still realized. Meanwhile, in the two embodiments, by changing the specific implementation manner of the feed network, it is easy and simple to divide the low frequency, the intermediate frequency and the high frequency into more systems, and those skilled in the art have the ability to expand the application occasions according to the structural flexibility of the present invention.
It should be emphasized that in the above 3 embodiments, the low, medium and high frequency radiating elements are all arranged at equal intervals, and the low frequency radiating element interval is preferably 2 times the intermediate frequency radiating element interval and 3 times the high frequency radiating element interval. According to different coverage frequency band requirements, different gain requirements and different radiation performance requirements, the equidistant arrangement is carried out by adopting different absolute spacing and relative spacing, or the equidistant arrangement mode is simpler and easier. And are within the scope of the present invention as they do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-system array antenna is characterized by comprising a metal reflecting plate, a radiating unit, a plastic base and a power divider; the radiation unit, the plastic base and the power divider are fixedly arranged on the metal reflecting plate;
the radiation unit comprises a low-frequency radiation unit, an intermediate-frequency radiation unit and a high-frequency radiation unit;
the high-frequency radiating units comprise two vibrators which are mutually orthogonal, the equal number of high-frequency radiating units are coaxially arranged with the low-frequency array along a second reference line and a third reference line respectively to form two rows of high-frequency arrays, wherein part of the high-frequency radiating units are arranged in bowl-shaped low-frequency radiating units, the other part of the high-frequency radiating units are arranged on the metal reflecting plate through a plastic base, a certain level difference exists between the high-frequency radiating units of the two parts, and the number of the high-frequency radiating units is more than that of the low-frequency radiating units;
the intermediate frequency radiating units comprise two vibrators which are mutually orthogonal, the plurality of intermediate frequency radiating units are arranged along a first reference line to form a column of intermediate frequency arrays, and the first reference line is positioned in the middle of the metal reflecting plate; the metal reflecting plate is symmetrical about a first reference axis, and a plurality of low-frequency radiating units with equal numbers are respectively arranged along a second reference line and a third reference line to form two rows of low-frequency arrays; the second reference line and the third reference line are parallel to the first reference line and are not overlapped with the first reference line; the second reference line is positioned on one side of the first reference line, and the third reference line is positioned on the other side of the first reference line;
the first pair of radiation units corresponding to the two low-frequency arrays are connected by adopting a two-way power divider, and the last pair of radiation units corresponding to the two low-frequency arrays are also connected by adopting a two-way power divider, and the two radiation units respectively belong to the two low-frequency arrays;
the metal reflecting plate is partially hollowed out and used for installing the plastic base, part of the intermediate frequency radiating units and part of the high frequency radiating units are installed on the plastic base, the other part of the high frequency radiating units are installed on the bowl-shaped low frequency radiating units in a nested mode, and the other part of the intermediate frequency radiating units and all the low frequency radiating units are directly connected with the metal reflecting plate through metal screws.
2. The miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-system array antenna of claim 1, wherein the low frequency radiating element has an operating frequency range of 690-960MHz, the intermediate frequency radiating element has an operating frequency range of 1400-2400MHz, and the high frequency radiating element has an operating frequency range of 1695-2700MHz.
3. The miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-system array antenna of claim 1, wherein the low frequency radiating element is a cylindrical base, two pairs of vibrators are orthogonally polarized and used for transmitting or receiving signals, each pair of vibrators are oppositely arranged in parallel, the inside of a bowl-shaped low frequency radiating element comprises a mounting disc for mounting a high frequency radiating element, and the geometric center of the aperture surface of the mounted high frequency radiating element coincides with the geometric center of the aperture surface of the low frequency radiating element.
4. The miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-system array antenna of claim 1, wherein the extending directions of the two pairs of vibrators of the low-frequency radiating element, the extending directions of the two vibrators of the medium-frequency radiating element and the extending directions of the two vibrators of the high-frequency radiating element are parallel, and the extending directions of the three radiating elements form an included angle of 45 degrees with the flanging of the metal reflecting plate.
5. The miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-system array antenna of claim 1, wherein the low frequency array, the intermediate frequency array, and the high frequency array are all arranged in a linear equidistant arrangement, having a first pitch, a second pitch, and a third pitch, respectively, the first pitch being greater than the second pitch, and the second pitch being greater than or equal to the third pitch.
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WO2019223304A1 (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2019-11-28 | 广东博纬通信科技有限公司 | Ultra-wideband dual-polarization two-way coverage antenna |
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CN112736470B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2023-08-25 | 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 | Multi-frequency array antenna and base station |
CN113629382A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-09 | 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 | Multiport base station antenna |
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