CN112736470B - Multi-frequency array antenna and base station - Google Patents
Multi-frequency array antenna and base station Download PDFInfo
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- CN112736470B CN112736470B CN202011384604.2A CN202011384604A CN112736470B CN 112736470 B CN112736470 B CN 112736470B CN 202011384604 A CN202011384604 A CN 202011384604A CN 112736470 B CN112736470 B CN 112736470B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention provides a multi-frequency array antenna and a base station, and relates to the technical field of mobile communication equipment. The multi-frequency array antenna comprises a reflecting plate, and further comprises a high-frequency radiating unit, an intermediate-frequency radiating unit and a low-frequency radiating unit, wherein the high-frequency radiating unit, the intermediate-frequency radiating unit and the low-frequency radiating unit are all installed on the reflecting plate, the high-frequency radiating unit is arranged below the intermediate-frequency radiating unit, and the intermediate-frequency radiating unit is arranged below the low-frequency radiating unit. According to the multi-frequency array antenna and the base station provided by the invention, the working frequency ranges of the high-frequency radiating unit, the intermediate-frequency radiating unit and the low-frequency radiating unit are different and are sequentially distributed from low to high, and the space multiplexing of the height dimension of the opposite reflecting plate is fully utilized, so that the high integration of the antenna arrays of different systems can be effectively realized, the integration, the miniaturization and the light weight of the multi-frequency antenna array are realized, and finally the low cost target of the multi-frequency antenna array is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of mobile communications devices, and in particular, to a multi-frequency array antenna and a base station.
Background
With the rapid development of mobile communication services, the system systems and construction progress of different operators are different, and the sites on the same day need to arrange a plurality of antennas with different system systems. To reduce the complexity of the system and the construction costs of operators, multi-frequency antennas have been developed. With the development of the fourth-generation mobile communication system (4G) network coverage technology and the construction of the fifth-generation mobile communication system (5G) era, the multi-frequency array antenna of the 4G and 5G fusion type will tend to be in a long-term coexistence stage.
The conventional multi-frequency array antenna is designed in a manner of increasing the transverse and longitudinal dimensions, and the problem of system coverage effect is solved, but the multi-frequency array antenna is generally larger in size, heavier in weight and higher in cost. How to better solve the requirements of miniaturization and light weight of the antenna, and the technology of integrating more antennas with different systems is urgent under the same antenna surface resource.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multi-frequency array antenna and a base station, which are used for solving the defect of low integration level of the multi-frequency array antenna in the prior art.
The invention provides a multi-frequency array antenna, which comprises a reflecting plate, a high-frequency radiating unit, an intermediate-frequency radiating unit and a low-frequency radiating unit, wherein the working frequency ranges of the high-frequency radiating unit, the intermediate-frequency radiating unit and the low-frequency radiating unit are different, the high-frequency radiating unit is arranged below the intermediate-frequency radiating unit, and the intermediate-frequency radiating unit is arranged below the low-frequency radiating unit.
According to a multi-frequency array antenna of the present invention, the size of the high-frequency radiating element is smaller than the size of the intermediate-frequency radiating element, and the size of the intermediate-frequency radiating element is smaller than the size of the low-frequency radiating element.
According to the multi-frequency array antenna provided by the invention, the radiation surface of the low-frequency radiation unit is in a cross shape, the two rows and the two columns of the medium-frequency radiation unit arrays are arranged in four subareas corresponding to the cross-shaped radiation surface of the low-frequency radiation unit, and the two rows and the two columns of the high-frequency radiation unit are arranged below each medium-frequency radiation unit.
According to the multi-frequency array antenna provided by the invention, the radiation surface of the low-frequency radiation unit is polygonal, the two-row and two-column medium-frequency radiation unit arrays are arranged below the same low-frequency radiation unit, and the two-row and two-column high-frequency radiation unit arrays are arranged below the same medium-frequency radiation unit.
According to the multi-frequency array antenna of the invention, the working frequency of the high-frequency radiating element is any one of 2515-2675MHz, 3300-3800MHz and 4900-5000MHz, the working frequency of the intermediate-frequency radiating element is any one of 1710-2170MHz, 1710-2690MHz and 1400-2700MHz, and the working frequency of the low-frequency radiating element is any one of 820-880MHz,790-960MHz and 690-960 MHz.
According to the multi-frequency array antenna, a decoupling device is arranged between the radiation surface of the high-frequency radiation unit and the radiation surface of the medium-frequency radiation unit and/or between the radiation surface of the medium-frequency radiation unit and the radiation surface of the low-frequency radiation unit and/or above the radiation surface of the low-frequency radiation unit.
According to the multi-frequency array antenna, the high-frequency radiating unit, the intermediate-frequency radiating unit and the low-frequency radiating unit are any one of a microstrip antenna, a PCB antenna, a sheet metal antenna, a die-casting antenna, an LCP antenna and a PPS antenna.
According to the multi-frequency array antenna, the high-frequency radiating unit, the intermediate-frequency radiating unit and the low-frequency radiating unit all comprise radiating surfaces and balun, and the balun is positioned in the middle of the radiating surfaces and extends downwards.
The invention also provides a base station comprising the multi-frequency array antenna.
According to the multi-frequency array antenna and the base station provided by the invention, the working frequency ranges of the high-frequency radiating unit, the intermediate-frequency radiating unit and the low-frequency radiating unit are different and are sequentially distributed from low to high, and the space multiplexing of the height dimension of the opposite reflecting plate is fully utilized, so that the high integration of the antenna arrays of different systems can be effectively realized, the integration, the miniaturization and the light weight of the multi-frequency antenna array are realized, and finally the low cost target of the multi-frequency antenna array is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a side view of a multi-frequency array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a multi-frequency array antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a second top view of the multi-frequency array antenna according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a second side view of the multi-frequency array antenna provided by the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a reflection plate;
2: a high-frequency radiation unit; 201: a high-frequency radiation unit radiation surface;
202: a high frequency radiating element balun; 203: a first decoupling means;
3: an intermediate frequency radiation unit; 301: a radiation surface of the intermediate frequency radiation unit;
302: balun of the intermediate frequency radiation unit; 303: a second decoupling means;
4: a low frequency radiating unit;
401: a low-frequency radiation unit radiation surface; 402: a low frequency radiating element balun;
403: and a third decoupling means.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for clarity in describing the numbering of the product components and do not represent any substantial distinction unless explicitly stated or defined otherwise. The directions of the upper, the lower, the left and the right are all the directions shown in the drawings. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific circumstances.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-frequency antenna array, which includes a reflecting plate 1, a high-frequency radiating unit 2, an intermediate-frequency radiating unit 3 and a low-frequency radiating unit 4, wherein the high-frequency radiating unit 2, the intermediate-frequency radiating unit 3 and the low-frequency radiating unit 4 are radiating units with three different working frequency bands, and all of the radiating units are installed on the reflecting plate 1. Wherein, the high frequency radiating element 2 is located the below of intermediate frequency radiating element 3, and intermediate frequency radiating element 3 is located the below of low frequency radiating element 4, and three kinds of radiating element are arranged in order from low to high. It should be noted that the working frequency bands of the high-frequency radiating element 2, the intermediate-frequency radiating element 3 and the low-frequency radiating element 4 are relatively high and low, for example, the working frequency band of the high-frequency radiating element 2 is 2500 MHz-5000 MHz, the working frequency band of the intermediate-frequency radiating element 3 is 1700 MHz-2700 MHz, and the working frequency band of the low-frequency radiating element 4 is 800 MHz-1000 MHz.
According to the multi-frequency antenna array provided by the embodiment of the invention, the working frequency ranges of the high-frequency radiating unit 2, the intermediate-frequency radiating unit 3 and the low-frequency radiating unit 4 are different and are sequentially distributed from low to high, and the space multiplexing of the height dimension of the reflecting plate 1 is fully utilized, so that the high integration of the antenna arrays of different systems can be effectively realized, the arrangement requirements of the antenna arrays under specific space requirements are met, the integration, miniaturization and light weight of the multi-frequency antenna array are realized, and finally the low cost target of the multi-frequency antenna array is realized.
As shown in fig. 1, the size of the high frequency radiating element 2 is smaller than the size of the intermediate frequency radiating element 3, and the size of the intermediate frequency radiating element 3 is smaller than the size of the low frequency radiating element 4.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a multi-frequency array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the multi-frequency array antenna in this embodiment has a cross-side-by-side topology. The high-frequency radiating units 2 are located right below the intermediate-frequency radiating units 3, the high-frequency radiating units 2 are two rows and two columns of arrays, and four high-frequency radiating units 2 are located below the intermediate-frequency radiating units 3. The intermediate frequency radiating units 3 form an array of two rows and two columns, and four intermediate frequency radiating units 3 are respectively positioned at the periphery of the low frequency radiating unit 4. The low-frequency radiating element 4 is a cross radiating surface and is positioned in the middle of two rows and two columns formed by the intermediate-frequency radiating element 3, so that a cross topological form is formed. In the multi-frequency array antenna, the size of the multi-frequency array antenna is basically determined by the size of the radiation surface of the low-frequency radiation unit 4, so that the miniaturization of the multi-frequency array antenna can be effectively realized.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a multi-frequency array antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the multi-frequency array antenna provided in this embodiment is a field-shaped topology structure. The high-frequency radiating unit 2 is located below the intermediate-frequency radiating unit 3, and the array of the high-frequency radiating unit 2 is in the form of two rows and two columns and is located below the intermediate-frequency radiating unit 3. The intermediate frequency radiating element 3 is located below the low frequency radiating element 4, and the array of the intermediate frequency radiating element 3 is in the form of a two-row two-column array. The radiation surface of the low-frequency radiation unit 4 is polygonal and is positioned above the high-frequency radiation unit 2 and the medium-frequency radiation unit 3. Due to the shielding part on the top view projection, the technical scheme can realize the technical effect of miniaturization in the width and length directions of the reflecting plate 1.
The reflecting plate 1 provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with at least three radiation units, such as a high-frequency radiation unit 2, an intermediate-frequency radiation unit 3 and a low-frequency radiation unit 4, wherein the three radiation units are placed in a mode of sequentially from low to high in space height on the reflecting plate 1, the height of the low-frequency radiation unit 4 is higher than that of the intermediate-frequency radiation unit 3, and the height of the intermediate-frequency radiation unit 3 is higher than that of the high-frequency radiation unit 2, so that the high integration of multi-frequency fusion is realized. By adopting similar technical means, the multi-frequency array antenna can be deduced to support three or more radiation units to form the multi-frequency array antenna, and the embodiment of the invention is not particularly limited.
The three radiation units in the embodiment of the invention are distinguished by different working frequency bands, wherein the high-frequency radiation unit 2, the intermediate-frequency radiation unit 3 and the low-frequency radiation unit 4 are respectively corresponding to the high frequency, the intermediate frequency and the low frequency of the working frequency. Specifically, the high-frequency radiating element 2 is high-frequency, and the operating frequency of the high-frequency radiating element 2 is any one of 2515-2675MHz, 3300-3800MHz and 4900-5000 MHz; the medium frequency radiating unit 3 is medium frequency, and the working frequency of the medium frequency radiating unit 3 is any one of 1710-2170MHz, 1710-2690MHz and 1400-2700 MHz; the low-frequency radiating element 4 is low-frequency, and the working frequency of the low-frequency radiating element 4 is any one of the frequency ranges of 820-880MHz,790-960MHz and 690-960 MHz.
Fig. 1 is a side view of a multi-frequency array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, three kinds of radiation units, a high frequency radiation unit 2, an intermediate frequency radiation unit 3, and a low frequency radiation unit 4, are mounted on a reflection plate 1. The high-frequency radiating element 2 includes a high-frequency radiating element radiating surface 201 and a high-frequency radiating element balun 202, the high-frequency radiating element radiating surface 201 plays a role in radiating electromagnetic waves, and the high-frequency radiating element balun 202 plays a role in balanced feeding and supporting the high-frequency radiating element radiating surface 201. The intermediate frequency radiating unit 3 includes an intermediate frequency radiating unit radiating surface 301 and an intermediate frequency radiating unit balun 302, the intermediate frequency radiating unit radiating surface 301 plays a role of radiating electromagnetic waves, and the intermediate frequency radiating unit balun 302 plays a role of balanced feeding and supporting the intermediate frequency radiating unit radiating surface 301. The low-frequency radiating element 4 includes a low-frequency radiating element radiating surface 401 and a low-frequency radiating element balun 402, the low-frequency radiating element radiating surface 401 functioning to radiate electromagnetic waves, the low-frequency radiating element balun 402 functioning to balance feed and support the low-frequency radiating element radiating surface 401.
As shown in fig. 1, the balun of the intermediate frequency radiation unit 3 is higher than the balun of the high frequency radiation unit 2, and the balun of the low frequency radiation unit 4 is higher than the balun of the intermediate frequency radiation unit, and the farther the relative balun heights and spatial positions are separated, the better the pattern index is.
In order to optimize the pattern indexes of three different radiating elements and solve the coupling problem of the three radiating elements, the multi-frequency array antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a decoupling device, as shown in fig. 4, wherein the decoupling device is added between the three radiating elements. Decoupling devices are respectively arranged right above the high-frequency radiating unit radiating surface 201, the medium-frequency radiating unit radiating surface 301 and the low-frequency radiating unit radiating surface 401, and are respectively a first decoupling device 203, a second decoupling device 303 and a third decoupling device 403, and all the three decoupling devices are made of metal materials. The first decoupling device 203 is located between the high-frequency radiating unit radiating surface 201 and the intermediate-frequency radiating unit radiating surface 301, so as to weaken the influence of mutual coupling of the high-frequency radiating unit 2 and the intermediate-frequency radiating unit 3 and improve index performance. The second decoupling device 303 is located between the intermediate frequency radiating element radiating surface 301 and the low frequency radiating element radiating surface 401, so as to weaken the influence of mutual coupling of the intermediate frequency radiating element 3 and the low frequency radiating element 4 and improve index performance. The third decoupling means 403 is located above the radiating surface 401 of the low frequency radiating element, improving the index performance of the low frequency radiating element 4.
The invention provides a multi-frequency array antenna, which not only can effectively realize the high integration of antenna arrays of different systems, but also can effectively solve the mutual coupling between frequency bands, realize the integration, miniaturization and light weight of the multi-frequency antenna, and finally realize the low-cost goal of the multi-frequency array antenna.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides a base station which adopts the multi-frequency array antenna, meets the working requirements of different frequency bands and simultaneously realizes light weight.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The multi-frequency array antenna comprises a reflecting plate and is characterized by further comprising a high-frequency radiating unit, an intermediate-frequency radiating unit and a low-frequency radiating unit, wherein the high-frequency radiating unit, the intermediate-frequency radiating unit and the low-frequency radiating unit are all arranged on the reflecting plate, the size of the high-frequency radiating unit is smaller than that of the intermediate-frequency radiating unit, and the size of the intermediate-frequency radiating unit is smaller than that of the low-frequency radiating unit; the high-frequency radiation unit is arranged below the medium-frequency radiation unit, and the medium-frequency radiation unit is arranged below the low-frequency radiation unit; the high-frequency radiation unit comprises a high-frequency radiation unit, a low-frequency radiation unit and a medium-frequency radiation unit, wherein the high-frequency radiation unit comprises a radiation surface and a radiation surface, and the medium-frequency radiation unit comprises a radiation surface, a radiation surface and a radiation surface, and the radiation surface is arranged on the radiation surface.
2. The multi-frequency array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiation surface of the low-frequency radiation unit is in a cross shape, the two rows and the two columns of the medium-frequency radiation unit arrays are arranged in four subareas corresponding to the cross-shaped radiation surface of the low-frequency radiation unit, and the two rows and the two columns of the high-frequency radiation unit are arranged below each medium-frequency radiation unit.
3. The multi-frequency array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiation surface of the low-frequency radiation unit is polygonal, the arrays of the intermediate-frequency radiation units are arranged below the same low-frequency radiation unit, and the arrays of the high-frequency radiation units are arranged below the same intermediate-frequency radiation unit.
4. A multi-frequency array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high-frequency radiating element has an operating frequency of any one of 2515-2675MHz, 3300-3800MHz and 4900-5000MHz, the intermediate-frequency radiating element has an operating frequency of any one of 1710-2170MHz, 1710-2690MHz and 1400-2700MHz, and the low-frequency radiating element has an operating frequency of any one of 820-880MHz,790-960MHz and 690-960 MHz; the working frequency ranges of the high-frequency radiating unit, the intermediate-frequency radiating unit and the low-frequency radiating unit are relatively high and low.
5. A multi-frequency array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high-frequency radiating element, the intermediate-frequency radiating element, and the low-frequency radiating element are any one of a microstrip antenna, a PCB antenna, a sheet metal antenna, a die-cast antenna, an LCP antenna, and a PPS antenna.
6. A multi-frequency array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high frequency radiating element, the intermediate frequency radiating element and the low frequency radiating element each comprise a radiating plane and a balun, the balun being located in a middle portion of the radiating plane and extending downward.
7. A base station comprising a multi-frequency array antenna according to any of claims 1 to 6.
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