CN107605598B - Mechanical-hydraulic double-element power engine of swash plate mechanism - Google Patents
Mechanical-hydraulic double-element power engine of swash plate mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN107605598B CN107605598B CN201710997782.4A CN201710997782A CN107605598B CN 107605598 B CN107605598 B CN 107605598B CN 201710997782 A CN201710997782 A CN 201710997782A CN 107605598 B CN107605598 B CN 107605598B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conversion devices, in particular to a mechanical-hydraulic dual-power engine of a swash plate mechanism; the invention provides a swash plate mechanism mechanical-hydraulic dual-power engine which has small operation non-uniformity, compact structure and low cost, can realize flow division inside, directly convert combustion heat energy into mechanical energy and hydraulic energy, and can output mechanical and hydraulic dual-power. The mechanical-hydraulic dual-power engine of the swash plate mechanism omits a crank connecting rod mechanism of the traditional engine, has compact structure, short energy conversion and transmission route and stable work; can output mechanical or hydraulic power, and has better industrialization prospect and wide application requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conversion devices, in particular to a mechanical-hydraulic dual-power engine of a swash plate mechanism.
Background
For vehicles and equipment with multiple functions such as construction machines, agricultural machines, and military vehicles, two kinds of mechanical-fluid power may be required at the same time, and one of the mechanical and fluid power may be required alternately. For a traditional engine, firstly, combustion heat energy of fuel is converted into mechanical energy of reciprocating linear motion of a piston through a piston type internal combustion engine, then the mechanical energy of reciprocating linear motion is converted into mechanical energy of crankshaft rotation through a crank-link mechanism, power is transmitted to a power distribution box through a series of transmission parts, the power is divided into two parts through the power distribution box, one part directly provides mechanical power for a vehicle or equipment, the other part converts rotary mechanical energy into reciprocating linear mechanical energy through the crank-link mechanism or a swash plate slipper mechanism, and then the reciprocating linear mechanical energy is converted into hydraulic energy through a plunger.
The above-described conventional engine has several problems, although it can achieve conversion of combustion heat energy of fuel into both mechanical energy and hydraulic energy. Firstly, when a crank connecting rod mechanism of the system moves, the swing of a connecting rod causes larger lateral force of a piston, the friction between the piston and a cylinder wall causes energy loss, and the abrasion and larger heating of a plunger and the cylinder wall are caused; secondly, the production and processing technology of the crankshaft is complex, the cost is high, and the non-uniformity of the crankshaft is large during rotation, so that the system is unstable in operation and the parts are worn; thirdly, the energy conversion and transmission line of the system is longer, the transmission efficiency of the system is lower through a plurality of transmission links in the middle, and resource waste is caused, and the internal combustion engine and the power distribution box are two parts, so that the structure is dispersed, and the fixation and the installation are not facilitated.
Through searching, the patent related to the engine is not counted, and the patent for converting the combustion heat energy of the fuel into mechanical energy and hydraulic energy at the same time mainly comprises the following steps: a hydraulic and mechanical double-power output device (application number CN 201310089146.3), a hydraulic and mechanical double-power output method (application number CN201310089023. X), a method and a device for simultaneously converting heat energy into mechanical energy and hydraulic energy (application number CN0115165. X), a method and a device for double-regulation mechanical-oil pressure mixed power output (application number CN 01115167.6) and the like, which all utilize crankshaft rotation to drive related parts to move so as to realize energy conversion, and the crankshaft has a complex structure and high cost; compared with the original engine, the height and the reciprocating inertia of the engine body are greatly increased, the working is unstable, the volume is large, and the application occasion is difficult to find.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a swash plate mechanism mechanical-hydraulic double-element power engine which has the advantages of small running non-uniformity, compact structure, low cost, capability of realizing internal flow division, directly converting combustion heat energy into mechanical energy and hydraulic energy and outputting mechanical and hydraulic double-element power, and aims to solve the problems of long energy conversion transmission route, low efficiency, large running non-uniformity, large volume, high cost and the like of the existing internal combustion type power device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the mechanical-hydraulic dual-power engine of the swash plate mechanism comprises a machine body, a cylinder block and a swash plate flywheel, wherein the left side of the machine body is provided with the cylinder block in a butt joint way, a swash plate flywheel fixed shaft extends out of the axle center of the right side of the machine body, and the swash plate flywheel is arranged on the swash plate flywheel fixed shaft;
the left end of the cylinder body is provided with a cylinder cover, a cylinder sleeve is embedded in the cylinder body, a piston matched with the cylinder sleeve is arranged in the cylinder sleeve, and the piston can reciprocate along the cylinder sleeve; the engine body is internally embedded with a pump body corresponding to the cylinder sleeve, the pump body and the cylinder sleeve are coaxially arranged, one end of the pump body, which is close to the cylinder sleeve, is opened, and one end, which is close to the swash plate flywheel, is closed; the cylinder sleeve and the pump body are internally provided with a plunger, the left end of the plunger is connected with a piston, the middle part of the plunger is provided with a columnar bulge, the columnar bulge is arranged in the pump body and is adaptive to the size of the pump body, the plunger can reciprocate along the pump body, the right end of the plunger is spherical, the closed end surface of the pump body is provided with a hole, the right end of the plunger passes through the hole on the closed end surface of the pump body and is hinged with a ball socket at one end of a slipper, and the slipper is connected with the right end surface of a swash plate flywheel and can rotate along the right end surface of the swash plate flywheel; the oil pump is characterized in that an oil outlet and an oil inlet are further formed in the closed end face of the pump body, the oil outlet is connected with an oil outlet pipe through an oil outlet one-way valve, and the oil inlet is connected with an oil inlet pipe through an oil inlet one-way valve.
Further, the left end of the plunger is connected with the piston through a piston pin, and elastic check rings are arranged at two ends of the piston pin.
Further, an annular slipper groove with a T-shaped section is formed in the right end face of the swash plate flywheel, and the other end of the slipper is clamped in the slipper groove.
Further, the right end face of the swash plate flywheel is a friction face, and a gear ring is arranged on the outer edge of the swash plate flywheel.
Further, a through hole is formed in the axis of the swash plate flywheel, a shaft shoulder is arranged in the through hole, the swash plate flywheel is supported on a swash plate flywheel fixing shaft through a left bearing and a right bearing, the right end face of the left bearing is in contact with the left end face of the shaft shoulder, the left end face of the right bearing is in contact with the right end face of the shaft shoulder, a shaft sleeve is arranged between the swash plate flywheel fixing shaft and the shaft shoulder, and a check ring and a positioning nut are arranged at the right end of the swash plate flywheel fixing shaft from left to right.
Further, the cylinder sleeve, the piston, the plunger, the pump body, the slipper, the oil inlet hole, the oil inlet one-way valve, the oil outlet hole and the oil outlet one-way valve are arranged to form a group of conversion elements, and at least one group of conversion elements are arranged in the engine.
Further, the number of groups of conversion elements arranged in the engine is even, and the conversion elements are circumferentially and symmetrically distributed around the engine body, the cylinder block and the swash plate flywheel.
The mechanical-hydraulic dual-power engine of the swash plate mechanism omits a crank connecting rod mechanism of the traditional engine, has compact structure, short energy conversion and transmission route and stable work; can output mechanical or hydraulic power, and has better industrialization prospect and wide application requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a swash plate flywheel mechanism of the present invention with a mechanical-hydraulic dual power engine shown in section;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the swash plate flywheel mechanism of the present invention with the mechanical-hydraulic dual power engine shown in a middle section;
in the above figures: 1-a cylinder head; 2-a piston; 3-cylinder liner; 4-a piston pin; 5-elastic check rings; 6-a plunger; 7-a cylinder block; 8-a machine body; 9-a pump body; 10-sealing rings; 11A-an oil outlet one-way valve; 11B-an oil inlet one-way valve; 12-an oil inlet pipe; 13-a slipper; 14-a swash plate flywheel; 15A-left bearing; 15B-right bearing; 16-shaft sleeve; 17-check ring; 18-positioning a nut; 19-oil outlet pipe.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the swash plate mechanism mechanical-hydraulic dual power engine of the invention comprises a machine body 8, a cylinder block 7 and a swash plate flywheel 14, wherein the left side of the machine body 8 is provided with the cylinder block 7 in a butt joint mode, the machine body 8 and the cylinder block 7 mainly play a supporting and connecting role, the two parts can be connected through bolts, and the specific shape can be designed according to the environment and assembly requirements. A swash plate flywheel fixed shaft is extended from the axle center of the right side of the machine body 8, and the swash plate flywheel 14 is arranged on the swash plate flywheel fixed shaft.
The left end of the cylinder block 7 is provided with a cylinder head 1, and the cylinder head 1 is internally provided with a valve mechanism, a fuel injection mechanism, an air intake and exhaust system and the like of the invention. The cylinder body 7 is embedded with a cylinder liner 3, the cylinder liner 3 is of a cylindrical structure and can not move relatively to the cylinder body 7, a piston 2 matched with the cylinder liner 3 is arranged in the cylinder liner 3, the piston 2 can reciprocate along the cylinder liner 3, and a space enclosed by the left end face of the piston 2 and the cylinder liner 3 is called a combustion chamber; the engine body 8 is internally embedded with a pump body 9 corresponding to the cylinder sleeve 3, the pump body 9 can not move relative to the engine body 8, the pump body 9 and the cylinder sleeve 3 are coaxially arranged, one end of the pump body 9, which is close to the cylinder sleeve 3, is opened, and one end, which is close to the swash plate flywheel 14, is closed; a plunger 6 is arranged in the cylinder sleeve 3 and the pump body 9, and the left end of the plunger 6 is connected with the piston 2. The left end of the plunger 6 is connected with the piston 2 through a piston pin 4, and elastic check rings 5 are arranged at two ends of the piston pin 4 to prevent the piston pin 4 from axially moving in the piston 2 to scratch the cylinder sleeve 3. The middle part of the plunger 6 is provided with a columnar bulge, the columnar bulge is arranged in the pump body 9 and is matched with the pump body 9 in size, the columnar bulge can reciprocate along the pump body 9, a space surrounded by the columnar bulge and the pump body 9 is called a pump cavity, the right end of the plunger 6 is spherical, a hole is arranged on the closed end face of the pump body 9, the right end of the plunger 6 passes through the hole on the closed end face of the pump body 9 and is hinged with a ball socket at one end of the slipper 13, and the slipper 13 is connected with the right end face of the swash plate flywheel 14 and can rotate along the right end face of the swash plate flywheel 14; specifically, an annular shoe groove with a T-shaped section is formed in the right end face of the swash plate flywheel 14, the other end of the shoe 13 is clamped in the shoe groove, and the shoe 13 can slide along the circumference of the annular shoe groove. The oil pump is characterized in that an oil outlet and an oil inlet are further formed in the closed end face of the pump body 9, the oil outlet is connected with an oil outlet pipe 19 through an oil outlet one-way valve 11A, the oil inlet is connected with an oil inlet pipe 12 through an oil inlet one-way valve 11B, and oil suction and oil discharge work is completed by matching with the reciprocating motion of the plunger 6.
The left side of the swash plate flywheel 14 is provided with an annular T-shaped groove which is matched with the slipper 13, the slipper 13 is pushed or pulled by the plunger 6 to generate an interaction force perpendicular to the wedge surface with the swash plate flywheel 14, and the tangential component force of the force along the circumferential direction generates torque to the swash plate flywheel 14; the force component along the axial direction of the plunger 6 pushes or drives the plunger 6 to reciprocate in the pump body 9 and the cylinder sleeve 3 together with the pressure of the gas mixture in the combustion chamber. The right side of the swash plate flywheel 14 is a circular friction plane which can be connected with a clutch to output rotary mechanical energy, and the outer edge of the swash plate flywheel is provided with a gear ring which can be meshed with a driving gear of a starter to realize the starting of the invention. The middle part of the swash plate flywheel 14 is provided with a through hole, a shaft shoulder is processed in the through hole, the swash plate flywheel 14 is supported on a swash plate flywheel fixing shaft through a left bearing 15A and a right bearing 15B and can rotate around the shaft, and the left bearing 15A and the right bearing 15B are tapered roller bearings or other bearings with axial positioning function. The right end face of the left bearing 15A is contacted with the left end face of the shaft shoulder, the left end face of the right bearing 15A is contacted with the right end face of the shaft shoulder, a shaft sleeve 16 is arranged between the swash plate flywheel fixing shaft and the shaft shoulder, and a check ring 17 and a positioning nut 18 are arranged at the right end of the swash plate flywheel fixing shaft from left to right. The shoulders contact the outer rings of the left bearing 15A and the right bearing 15B from left to right. The left bearings 15A and 15B bear the axial force of the swash plate flywheel 14, the outer rings of the left bearing 15A and the right bearing 15B are positioned through shaft shoulders in through holes of the swash plate flywheel 14, the left side of the inner ring of the left bearing 15A is positioned through shaft shoulders of a swash plate flywheel shaft, and the right side is positioned through a shaft sleeve 16 arranged on the swash plate flywheel shaft; the left side of the inner ring of the right bearing 15B is positioned by a shaft sleeve 16 arranged on the flywheel shaft of the swash plate, and the right side is positioned by a check ring 17 and a positioning nut 18 arranged on the flywheel shaft of the swash plate.
The cylinder sleeve 3, the piston 2, the plunger 6, the pump body 9, the slipper 13, the oil inlet hole, the oil inlet one-way valve 11B, the oil outlet hole and the oil outlet one-way valve 11A are arranged to form a group of conversion elements, and at least one group of conversion elements are arranged in the engine. The number of groups of conversion elements provided in the engine is preferably even, and the plurality of groups of conversion elements are circumferentially and symmetrically distributed around the axis of the engine body 8, the cylinder block 7 and the swash plate flywheel 14. Thus, the reciprocating inertial force of the invention can be completely counteracted when in operation.
When the invention works, the heat energy generated by the combustion of the fuel can be independently converted into hydraulic energy or mechanical energy, or simultaneously converted into hydraulic energy and mechanical energy.
When the invention works, the combustion chamber at the top of the cylinder piston 2 is in a working cycle through four processes of air intake, compression, combustion expansion and exhaust.
The combustion expansion process is a working stroke, at this time, the compressed combustible mixture is combusted in the combustion chamber, a large amount of heat energy is released, the in-cylinder pressure and temperature are rapidly increased, the piston 2 is pushed to move from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, and the piston 2 transmits linear mechanical energy to the plunger 6 through the piston pin 4. Part of the linear mechanical energy accelerates the swash plate flywheel 14 through the swash plate slipper mechanism and stores the acceleration into the swash plate flywheel 14, and releases the acceleration to provide energy for other strokes in other strokes, so that the cylinder can continuously work; when a user has hydraulic energy demand, part of the linear mechanical energy is used for compressing hydraulic oil by the plunger 6 and outputting the hydraulic energy from the oil outlet pipe 19, and the corresponding one-way valve 11 is in an open state; when the user has mechanical energy demand, part of the linear mechanical energy drives the swash plate flywheel 14 through the swash plate slipper mechanism, and torque and rotating speed are output to the outside through the clutch by the swash plate flywheel 14. If the invention has a plurality of cylinders, the other cylinders are respectively in working, exhausting, air intake and compression strokes, and the valve timing among the cylinders is set to ensure that the invention works stably as much as possible.
When the plunger 6 goes from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, the pump chamber sucks hydraulic oil from the oil inlet pipe 12, and the corresponding check valve 11 is in an open state. The plunger 6 can perform one reciprocating motion to complete two processes of sucking fluid and extruding fluid in the pump cavity, namely one working cycle of the pump cavity.
The piston 2 works, and four strokes of working, exhausting, air intake and compression are realized to convert primary heat energy into linear mechanical energy. The principle of the piston is similar to that of a traditional internal combustion engine, but as the crank-link mechanism of the traditional internal combustion engine is not provided, the plunger 6 only makes reciprocating linear motion in the cylinder, and lateral force caused by the swinging of the link rod is not provided, so that the friction between the piston 2 and the cylinder sleeve 3 is greatly reduced, and the mechanical efficiency is improved.
The invention omits a crank connecting rod mechanism of the traditional engine, has compact structure, short energy conversion and transmission route and stable work; can output mechanical or hydraulic power, and has better industrialization prospect and wide application requirements.
It will be understood that modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description, and it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (5)
1. The mechanical-hydraulic double-element power engine of the swash plate mechanism comprises a machine body (8), a cylinder block (7) and a swash plate flywheel (14), and is characterized in that the left side of the machine body (8) is provided with the cylinder block (7) in butt joint, a swash plate flywheel fixed shaft extends out of the axle center of the right side of the machine body (8), and the swash plate flywheel (14) is arranged on the swash plate flywheel fixed shaft;
the left end of the cylinder body (7) is provided with a cylinder cover (1), a cylinder sleeve (3) is embedded in the cylinder body (7), a piston (2) matched with the cylinder sleeve (3) is arranged in the cylinder sleeve (3), and the piston (2) can reciprocate along the cylinder sleeve (3); the engine body (8) is internally embedded with a pump body (9) corresponding to the cylinder sleeve (3), the pump body (9) and the cylinder sleeve (3) are coaxially arranged, one end of the pump body (9) close to the cylinder sleeve (3) is opened, and one end close to the swash plate flywheel (14) is closed; the cylinder liner (3) and the pump body (9) are internally provided with a plunger (6), the left end of the plunger (6) is connected with the piston (2), the middle part of the plunger (6) is provided with a columnar bulge, the columnar bulge is arranged in the pump body (9) and is adaptive to the size of the pump body (9), the right end of the plunger (6) can reciprocate along the pump body (9), the closed end surface of the pump body (9) is provided with a hole, the right end of the plunger (6) passes through the hole on the closed end surface of the pump body (9) and is hinged with a ball socket at one end of a slipper (13), and the slipper (13) is connected with the right end surface of a swash plate (14) and can rotate along the right end surface of the swash plate (14); the oil outlet is connected with an oil outlet pipe (19) through an oil outlet one-way valve (11A), and the oil inlet is connected with an oil inlet pipe (12) through an oil inlet one-way valve (11B);
the left end of the plunger (6) is connected with the piston (2) through a piston pin (4), and elastic check rings (5) are arranged at two ends of the piston pin (4);
an annular slipper groove with a T-shaped section is formed in the right end face of the swash plate flywheel (14), and the other end of the slipper (13) is clamped in the slipper groove.
2. The swash plate mechanism mechanical-hydraulic dual power engine of claim 1, wherein: the right end face of the swash plate flywheel (14) is a friction face, and a gear ring is arranged on the outer edge of the swash plate flywheel.
3. The swash plate mechanism mechanical-hydraulic dual power engine of claim 1, wherein: the novel swash plate flywheel comprises a swash plate flywheel body, and is characterized in that a through hole is formed in the axis of the swash plate flywheel body (14), a shaft shoulder is arranged in the through hole, the swash plate flywheel body (14) is supported on a swash plate flywheel fixing shaft through a left bearing (15A) and a right bearing (15B), the right end face of the left bearing (15A) is contacted with the left end face of the shaft shoulder, the left end face of the right bearing (15A) is contacted with the right end face of the shaft shoulder, a shaft sleeve (16) is arranged between the swash plate flywheel fixing shaft and the shaft shoulder, and a retainer ring (17) and a positioning nut (18) are arranged at the right end of the swash plate flywheel fixing shaft from left to right.
4. The swash plate mechanism mechanical-hydraulic dual power engine of claim 1, wherein: the cylinder sleeve (3), the piston (2), the plunger (6), the pump body (9), the slide shoe (13), the oil inlet hole, the oil inlet one-way valve (11B), the oil outlet hole and the oil outlet one-way valve (11A) are arranged to form a group of conversion elements, and at least one group of conversion elements are arranged in the engine.
5. The swash plate mechanism mechanical-hydraulic dual power engine of claim 4, wherein: the number of groups of conversion elements arranged in the engine is even, and a plurality of groups of conversion elements are symmetrically distributed around the axis of the engine body (8), the cylinder block (7) and the swash plate flywheel (14).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710997782.4A CN107605598B (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2017-10-24 | Mechanical-hydraulic double-element power engine of swash plate mechanism |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710997782.4A CN107605598B (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2017-10-24 | Mechanical-hydraulic double-element power engine of swash plate mechanism |
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| CN107605598A CN107605598A (en) | 2018-01-19 |
| CN107605598B true CN107605598B (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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| CN201710997782.4A Active CN107605598B (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2017-10-24 | Mechanical-hydraulic double-element power engine of swash plate mechanism |
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| GB292111A (en) * | 1927-06-13 | 1929-10-14 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Improvements in floating piston engines |
| CH154613A (en) * | 1930-01-30 | 1932-05-15 | Szombathy Max | Method and device for the automatic adjustment of stroke and compression according to the speed and the load in internal combustion engines with swash plate drive. |
| US4285303A (en) * | 1979-04-19 | 1981-08-25 | Charles Leach | Swash plate internal combustion engine |
| US4478130A (en) * | 1981-03-19 | 1984-10-23 | Sundstrand Corporation | Arrangement for slipper cavitation erosion control and impact reduction |
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| CN107605598A (en) | 2018-01-19 |
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