CN107603643A - A kind of apparatus and method for preparing biomass carbon - Google Patents
A kind of apparatus and method for preparing biomass carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN107603643A CN107603643A CN201710846001.1A CN201710846001A CN107603643A CN 107603643 A CN107603643 A CN 107603643A CN 201710846001 A CN201710846001 A CN 201710846001A CN 107603643 A CN107603643 A CN 107603643A
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 203
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 multi-stage oven Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000004569 Blindness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
It is described including multi-stage oven, gs-oil separator, steam boiler the invention discloses a kind of apparatus and method for preparing biomass carbon in biomass carbon preparation field；The multi-stage oven includes biomass material entrance, pyrolysis oil gas vent, biomass carbon outlet, burner, the biomass material entrance is located at the top of the multi-stage oven, the pyrolysis oil gas vent of the multi-stage oven is located at the top of the multi-stage oven, the biomass carbon outlet is located at multistage furnace bottom, the burner includes fuel gas inlet and air intake, and methods described is to prepare biomass carbon using described device with biomass material；Layered shaping is carried out by the way that biomass material is put into multi-stage oven, solve the problems, such as that internal pair production process is unmanageable, make biomass material pyrolysis abundant, greatly improve the stability of biomass carbon, improve energy utilization rate, required Fuel Consumption and heat-energy losses are reduced, the present invention can be used among the preparation of biomass carbon.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to apparatus and method prepared by biomass carbon, more particularly to one kind prepares biomass carbon using biomass
Apparatus and method.
Background technology
China's area is vast, is a large agricultural country again, and the quality of soil directly affects China's crop growth.
In default of scientific and reasonable control measures, especially with the blindness of chemical fertilizer, has there is serious dirt in agricultural land soil
Phenomenon is contaminated, poisonous and harmful substance content substantially accumulates in soil, causes plant to pollute, some in agricultural product fruit poisonous to have
Evil content of material is exceeded；Charcoal base manure can increase soil porosity, reduce the soil weight, improve soil aeration, drainage condition, carry
High maximum water holding capacity, the gas permeability of soil can be increased and alleviate the problem of soil hardening, solve the effect of soil hardening；Charcoal
Base manure has the function that repairing heavy metal in soil pollution, has significant suction-operated to the cadmium in contaminated soil；Charcoal base manure has
There is the slow releasing function to fertilizer；It is biomass carbon to manufacture a most important constituent in charcoal base manure, and biomass carbon is available
Prepared by biomass, and biomass has recyclability, low stain, widely distributed property, resourceful characteristic, so utilizing life
Material, which prepares biomass carbon, has good development prospect in China；In the prior art, traditional utilization biomass prepares biology
The fixed bed biomass gasification apparatus structure of matter charcoal is simple, and investment cost and production cost are low, but its internal pair production process is difficult
With control, the insufficient stability deficiency for causing biomass carbon of biomass material pyrolysis, and the utilization rate of the energy is low, and it is required
Fuel Consumption is high, and heat-energy losses are big.
The content of the invention
It is more by the way that biomass material is put into it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of apparatus and method for preparing biomass carbon
Section stove carries out layered shaping, solves the problems, such as that internal pair production process is unmanageable, makes biomass material pyrolysis abundant, carries significantly
The stability of biomass carbon has been risen, has improved energy utilization rate, has reduced required Fuel Consumption and heat-energy losses.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of device for preparing biomass carbon, including multi-stage oven, Oil-gas Separation
Device, steam boiler；The multi-stage oven includes biomass material entrance, pyrolysis oil gas vent, biomass carbon outlet, burner, institute
State biomass material entrance to be located at the top of the multi-stage oven, the pyrolysis oil gas vent of the multi-stage oven is located at the multistage furnace roof
Portion, the biomass carbon outlet are located at multistage furnace bottom, and the burner includes fuel gas inlet and air intake；The multi-stage oven
Inside be provided with axis, some sieges be provided with the axis, be provided with rake arms and rake teeth on the siege, on the siege according to
Minor tick is provided with outside blanking port and inner side blanking port, and the axis is provided with exhaust through one end at the top of the multi-stage oven
Mouthful, one end of the axis through the multistage furnace bottom is connected with axle air-cooler and motor；The gs-oil separator
Including pyrolysis oil gas entrance, pyrolysis oil export and pyrolysis gas outlet；The steam boiler includes pyrolysis oil-in, exhanst gas outlet
And steam outlet；The pyrolysis oil gas vent of the multi-stage oven is connected with the pyrolysis oil gas entrance of the gs-oil separator, institute
The pyrolysis gas outlet for stating gs-oil separator is connected with the fuel gas inlet of the burner, the pyrolysis oil export of the gs-oil separator
It is connected with the pyrolysis oil-in of the steam boiler, the steam outlet of the steam boiler is connected with the multi-stage oven.
During work, biomass material is admitted to multi-stage oven, burner is passed through combustion gas and air light after heat multi-stage oven, drive
Dynamic motor, which rotates, drives central axis, and axis drives rake arms and rake teeth stirring biomass material, by outer after fully heating
Side blanking port enters next siege, enters next siege, biomass after stirring abundant heating response by rake arms and rake teeth
Raw material ultimately forms biomass carbon and pyrolysis oil gas after multilayer siege heating response, and biomass carbon is exported by biomass carbon
Discharge, pyrolysis oil gas are decomposed into pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas by gs-oil separator, and pyrolysis oil is burnt into steam boiler, Ke Yiyong
Raw material of the multi-stage oven as reduction reaction is sent into manufacture vapor, pyrolysis gas is admitted to the fuel gas inlet of burner, entered
Enter in multi-stage oven and burn, provide heat for multi-stage oven, cold air is passed through axis by axle air-cooler, cools down axis, the sky after heat exchange
Gas is by row's mouth discharge.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are regulate and control the temperature in multi-stage oven by controlling burner
Degree, the mixing speed of rotating speed, rake arms and rake teeth controls the biomass former in being adjusted by controlling the rotating speed of motor
Expect the speed successively to be fallen in multi-stage oven, solve the problems, such as that internal pair production process is unmanageable, make biomass material be pyrolyzed
Fully, the stability of biomass carbon is greatly improved；Pyrolysis oil gas is decomposed into pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas by gs-oil separator, heat
Solve oil and enter steam boiler burning, gasifying agent can be used as manufacturing in vapor feeding multi-stage oven, pyrolysis gas is sent
Enter the fuel gas inlet of burner, burnt into multi-stage oven, heat is provided for multi-stage oven, greatly improve energy utilization rate, drop
Low required Fuel Consumption and heat-energy losses, the present invention can be used among the preparation of biomass carbon.
As a further improvement on the present invention, installation settings has closed machine on the biomass material entrance of the multi-stage oven
Structure, the closure mechanism are connected with elevator, and the elevator is connected with conveyer of weighing, conveyer and the biomass of weighing
Storage tank is connected, and the biomass storage tank is connected with comminutor, and the comminutor is connected with disintegrating machine, the biomass of the multi-stage oven
Charcoal outlet is connected with cooling spiral conveyer, and the cooling spiral conveyer is connected with biomass carbon storage tank, so by broken
Machine enters back into comminutor after biomass material is crushed and is manufactured into graininess, can improve the density and quality of biomass material,
So that biomass material reacts the efficiency for more fully, improving multi-stage oven in multi-stage oven, the yield of biomass carbon is lifted, is utilized
The quantitative conveying biomass material of conveyer of weighing, avoids the occurrence of arch formation, and wild wind is effectively prevented by closure mechanism
It is blown into, influences the environment of biomass material pyrolytic gasification.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the closure mechanism is flap valve, and the flap valve includes valve plate one and valve
Plate two, the valve plate one are arranged on the top of valve plate two, and the valve plate one is connected with weighted lever mechanism one, the valve plate two and
Weighted lever mechanism two is connected, and so the deadweight of biomass material can be utilized to open flap valve, fall into multi-stage oven, turn over simultaneously
Plate valve is closed automatically, preferably can effectively be prevented wild wind to be blown into, be influenceed the environment of biomass material pyrolytic gasification.
As a further improvement on the present invention, installation settings has whirlwind to remove between the multi-stage oven and the gs-oil separator
Dirt device, the pyrolysis oil gas entrance of the cyclone dust collectors are connected with the pyrolysis oil gas vent of the multi-stage oven, the cyclone dust removal
The pyrolysis oil gas vent of device is connected with the pyrolysis oil gas entrance of the gs-oil separator, can will be more so by cyclone dust collectors
The dust contained in pyrolysis oil gas caused by section stove is removed, the cleannes of increase separation post fuel.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the exhanst gas outlet of the steam boiler is connected with the smoke inlet of economizer,
The hot water outlet of the economizer is connected with hot water storage tank, and the exhanst gas outlet of the economizer is connected with scrubbing tower, the exhaust
Mouth is connected with the scrubbing tower, and the scrubbing tower is connected with chimney, can so utilize flue gas caused by steam boiler to be sent into and save
Cold water is heated in coal device, caused hot water is delivered in hot water storage tank, resident nearby is supplied and uses, greatly improve using energy source
Rate, heat-energy losses are reduced, and flue gas can be caused to reach discharge standard after scrubbing tower washing, discharged through chimney,
Greatly reduce the discharge of pernicious gas.
To achieve these goals, present invention also offers a kind of method for preparing biomass carbon, comprise the following steps：
（1）Biomass material is sent into the multi-stage oven, rotated under the drive of motor, rake arms and rake teeth stirring are driven, by thing
Material enters next layer of siege through outside blanking port, then is entered through rake arms and rake teeth stirring by inner side blanking port in next layer of stove
Bed；（2）Processing is dried in the drying layer of the multi-stage oven first in the biomass material, and the moisture content in biomass is steamed
Hair, the temperature of the drying layer is 100-150 DEG C；（3）The biomass material after drying process enters the multistage
The pyrolytic layer of stove carries out thermal decomposition process, produces pyrolysis oil gas and biomass pyrolytic thing containing hydrocarbon, the heat
The temperature of decomposition layer is 400-600 DEG C；（4）The biomass material after thermal decomposition process enters going back for the multi-stage oven
Former layer carries out reduction reaction processing, and it is institute to produce hydrogen, carbon monoxide and biomass carbon, the hydrogen and CO burning
State drying layer, pyrolytic layer and reducing zone and heat is provided, the temperature of the reducing zone is not less than 900 DEG C；（5）The biomass
Charcoal is exported through the biomass carbon and discharged；（6）The pyrolysis oil gas enters gs-oil separator, and pyrolysis oil and heat are formed after separation
Vent one's spleen, the pyrolysis gas enters the fuel gas inlet of burner, and the pyrolysis oil enters in steam boiler, and the steam boiler produces
Vapor be sent into multi-stage oven in.
During work, biomass material is admitted to multi-stage oven, and multi-stage oven is divided into drying layer, pyrolytic layer, reducing zone and bottom
Layer, biomass material initially enter drying layer, and the temperature for making drying layer by burner is at 100-150 DEG C, by drying
Biomass material after processing enters pyrolytic layer, and the temperature for making pyrolytic layer by burner is in 400-600 DEG C, through overheat
Pyrolysis oil gas and biomass pyrolytic thing containing hydrocarbon after decomposition reaction produces, biomass pyrolytic thing enter reducing zone,
Meticulous reduction reaction, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and biomass carbon are produced, by controlling burner to be not less than the temperature of reducing zone
900 DEG C, biomass carbon is exported through biomass carbon after bottom accumulation and discharged, and hydrogen and CO burning are drying layer, heat point
Solve layer and reducing zone and heat be provided, pyrolysis oil gas by be pyrolyzed oil gas vent be sent into gs-oil separator decompose have pyrolysis oil and
Pyrolysis gas, the fuel gas inlet that pyrolysis gas enters burner provide heat for multi-stage oven, and pyrolysis oil enters in steam boiler, steam copper
Vapor caused by stove is sent into the raw material as reduction reaction in multi-stage oven.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are regulate and control the temperature in multi-stage oven by controlling burner
Degree, the mixing speed of rotating speed, rake arms and rake teeth controls the biomass former in being adjusted by controlling the rotating speed of motor
Expect the speed successively to be fallen in multi-stage oven, layering punishment phase process biomass material, solve internal pair production process and be difficult to
The problem of control, make biomass material pyrolysis abundant, greatly improve the stability of biomass carbon；Oil gas is pyrolyzed by oil gas point
Pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas are decomposed into from device, pyrolysis oil is burnt into steam boiler, can be used for manufacturing vapor feeding also
Raw material in former layer as reduction reaction, pyrolysis gas are admitted to the fuel gas inlet of burner, are burnt into multi-stage oven, are multistage
Stove provides heat, improves energy utilization rate, reduces required Fuel Consumption and heat-energy losses, the present invention can be used for giving birth to
Among the preparation of material charcoal.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the temperature of the drying layer is 125 DEG C, and the temperature of the pyrolytic layer is
500 DEG C, the temperature of the reducing zone is 1000 DEG C, can so cause biomass material in drying layer, pyrolytic layer and go back
Former layer obtains most sufficiently reacting, and makes the stability of biomass carbon reach highest.
As a further improvement on the present invention, comminutor is entered after the biomass material is handled by crusher in crushing
In, it is sent into after comminutor is manufactured into particle in biomass storage tank, it is former that the biomass is taken out from the biomass storage tank
Conveyer of being weighed described in material warp is delivered to the elevator, is transported to by the elevator on the closure mechanism, described closed
Mechanism is flap valve, opens the flap valve by the deadweight of the biomass material, the biomass material falls into described more
In section stove, the biomass carbon is delivered to the biomass carbon storage tank through the cooling spiral conveyer, can so quantify
Biomass material is conveyed, by the deadweight of biomass material flap valve is opened, biomass material is sent into multi-stage oven, kept away
Exempt from arch formation occur, and flap valve can be re-closing off after biomass material enters multi-stage oven, effectively prevent wild wind to be blown into,
Influence the environment of biomass material pyrolytic gasification, and can in course of conveying by cooling spiral conveyer by biomass carbon
Cooling in time, is easy to store.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the pyrolysis oil gas vent of the multi-stage oven enters in the cyclone dust collectors,
Enter the gs-oil separator after cyclone dust collectors dedusting, so can be by pyrolysis caused by multi-stage oven by cyclone dust collectors
The dust contained in oil gas is removed.
As a further improvement on the present invention, flue gas caused by the steam boiler enters in the economizer, the province
Hot water caused by coal device enters in the hot water storage tank, and the hot gas in the flue gas and the exhaust outlet of the economizer discharge is sent
Enter in scrubbing tower, discharged after scrubbed tower washing by chimney, can so utilize flue gas caused by steam boiler to be sent into and save
Cold water is heated in coal device, caused hot water is delivered in hot water storage tank, resident nearby is supplied and uses, greatly improve using energy source
Rate, heat-energy losses are reduced, and flue gas can be caused to reach discharge standard after scrubbing tower washing, discharged through chimney,
Greatly reduce the discharge of pernicious gas.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is multi-stage oven structural representation in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is flap valve schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the inventive method.
Fig. 5 is multi-stage oven hierarchy schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is carbon yield and the graph of a relation of temperature in the present invention.
Wherein, 1 biomass storage tank, 2 weigh conveyer, 3 elevators, 4 flap valves, 5 exhaust outlets, 6 pyrolysis oil gas vents, and 7
Cyclone dust collectors, 8 gs-oil separators, 9 steam boilers, 10 economizers, 11 scrubbing towers, 12 hot water storage tanks, 13 chimneys, 14 biomass
Charcoal storage tank, 15 burners, 16 cooling spiral conveyers, 17 multi-stage ovens, 18 biomass material entrances, 19 axis, 20 outside blankings
Mouthful, 21 inner side blanking ports, 22 sieges, the outlet of 23 biomass carbons, 24 axle air-coolers, 25 motors, 26 drying layers, 27 thermal decompositions
Layer, 28 reducing zones, 29 bottoms, 30 disintegrating machines, 31 comminutors, 32 valve plates one, 33 weighted lever mechanisms one, 34 valve plates two, 35 match somebody with somebody
Weight leverage two.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Embodiment 1
A kind of device for preparing biomass carbon as Figure 1-3, including multi-stage oven 17, gs-oil separator 8, steam boiler 9；It is more
Section stove 17 includes biomass material entrance 18, pyrolysis oil gas vent 6, biomass carbon outlet 23, burner 15, and biomass material enters
Mouth 18 is located at the top of multi-stage oven 17 positioned at the top of multi-stage oven 17, the pyrolysis oil gas vent 6 of multi-stage oven 17, and biomass carbon exports 23
In the bottom of multi-stage oven 17, burner 15 includes fuel gas inlet and air intake；Axis 19 is provided with multi-stage oven 17, on axis 19
Some sieges 22 are provided with, rake arms and rake teeth are provided with siege 22, outside blanking port 20 is sequentially arranged at intervals with siege 22
With inner side blanking port 21, axis 19 is provided with exhaust outlet 5 through the one end at the top of multi-stage oven 17, and axis 19 passes through the bottom of multi-stage oven 17
The one end in portion is connected with axle air-cooler 24 and motor 25；Gs-oil separator 8 includes pyrolysis oil gas entrance, pyrolysis oil export
And pyrolysis gas outlet；Steam boiler 9 includes pyrolysis oil-in, exhanst gas outlet and steam outlet；The pyrolysis of multi-stage oven 17
Oil gas vent 6 is connected with the pyrolysis oil gas entrance of gs-oil separator 8, pyrolysis gas outlet and the burner 15 of gs-oil separator 8
Fuel gas inlet is connected, and the pyrolysis oil export of gs-oil separator 8 is connected with the pyrolysis oil-in of steam boiler 9, the water of steam boiler 9
Vapor outlet port is connected with multi-stage oven 17；Installation settings has closure mechanism, closed machine on the biomass material entrance 18 of multi-stage oven 17
Structure is connected with elevator 3, and elevator 3 is connected with conveyer 2 of weighing, and conveyer 2 of weighing is connected with biomass storage tank 1, biomass
Storage tank 1 is connected with comminutor 31, and comminutor 31 is connected with disintegrating machine 30, the biomass carbon outlet 23 of multi-stage oven 17 and cooling spiral
Conveyer 16 is connected, and cooling spiral conveyer 16 is connected with biomass carbon storage tank 14；Closure mechanism is flap valve 4, and flap valve 4 wraps
Valve plate 1 and valve plate 2 34 are included, valve plate 1 is arranged on the top of valve plate 2 34, valve plate 1 and weighted lever mechanism 1
It is connected, valve plate 2 34 is connected with weighted lever mechanism 2 35；Installation settings has whirlwind to remove between multi-stage oven 17 and gs-oil separator 8
Dirt device 7, the pyrolysis oil gas entrance of cyclone dust collectors 7 are connected with the pyrolysis oil gas vent 6 of multi-stage oven 17, the heat of cyclone dust collectors 7
Solution oil gas vent 6 is connected with the pyrolysis oil gas entrance of gs-oil separator 8；The exhanst gas outlet of steam boiler 9 and the cigarette of economizer 10
Gas entrance is connected, and the hot water outlet of economizer 10 is connected with hot water storage tank 12, exhanst gas outlet and the phase of scrubbing tower 11 of economizer 10
Even, exhaust outlet 5 is connected with scrubbing tower 11, and scrubbing tower 11 is connected with chimney 13.
During work, biomass material is sent into comminutor 31 after the crushing of disintegrating machine 30, is manufactured into by comminutor 31
To be delivered to after graininess in biomass storage tank 1, the biomass material in biomass storage tank 1 passes through the quantitative conveying of conveyer 2 of weighing,
Biomass material is delivered into flap valve 4 by elevator 3, valve plate 2 34 is closed, the deadweight that valve plate 1 passes through biomass material
Open, biomass material is fallen on valve plate 2 34, and valve plate 1 acts on automatic closing, valve plate two by weighted lever mechanism 1
34 are conducted oneself with dignity by biomass material is opened, and biomass material is fallen into multi-stage oven 17 into biomass material entrance, valve plate 2 34
By weighted lever mechanism 2 35 act on it is automatic close, burner 15 is passed through combustion gas and air light after heat multi-stage oven 17, drive
Dynamic motor 25, which rotates, drives axis 19 to rotate, and axis 19 drives rake arms and rake teeth stirring biomass material, after fully heating
Next siege 22 is entered by outside blanking port 20, enters next stove after stirring abundant heating response by rake arms and rake teeth
Bed 22, biomass material ultimately form biomass carbon and pyrolysis oil gas after the heating response of multilayer siege 22, and biomass carbon leads to
The discharge of biomass carbon outlet 23 is crossed, is transmitted by the cooling of but conveying worm in biomass carbon storage tank 14, pyrolysis oil gas passes through
Feeding gs-oil separator 8 is decomposed into pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas after the oil of cyclone dust collectors 7 removes chalk dust removing, and pyrolysis oil enters steam boiler
9 burnings, it can be used for manufacturing raw material of the vapor feeding multi-stage oven 17 as reduction reaction, pyrolysis gas is admitted to burner
15 fuel gas inlet, burnt into multi-stage oven 17, provide heat for multi-stage oven 17, cold air is passed through axis by axle air-cooler 24
19, axis 19 is cooled down, the air after heat exchange is by row's mouth discharge；Flue gas caused by steam boiler 9, which enters in economizer 10, to be heated
Cold water, caused hot water is delivered in hot water storage tank 12, supply resident nearby and use, the flue gas in economizer 10 passes through scrubbing tower
Reach discharge standard after 11 washings, discharged through chimney 13, greatly reduce the discharge of pernicious gas.
A kind of method for preparing biomass carbon as Figure 1-5, comprises the following steps：
（1）Biomass material is sent into multi-stage oven 17, rotated under the drive of motor 25, drives rake arms and rake teeth stirring,
Material is entered into next layer of siege 22 through outside blanking port 20, then entered through rake arms and rake teeth stirring by inner side blanking port 21
Next layer of siege 22；（2）Processing is dried in the drying layer 26 of multi-stage oven 17 first in biomass material, by the water in biomass
Part evaporation, the temperature of drying layer 26 is 100 DEG C；（3）Biomass material after drying process enters the heat point of multi-stage oven 17
Solve layer 27 and carry out thermal decomposition process, produce pyrolysis oil gas and biomass pyrolytic thing containing hydrocarbon, pyrolytic layer 27
Temperature is 400 DEG C；（4）The reducing zone 28 that biomass material after thermal decomposition process enters multi-stage oven 17 carries out reduction reaction
Processing, produces hydrogen, carbon monoxide and biomass carbon, hydrogen and CO burning be drying layer 26, pyrolytic layer 27 with
And reducing zone 28 provides heat, the temperature of reducing zone 28 is 900 DEG C；（5）Biomass carbon is through the discharge of biomass carbon outlet 23；（6）
Pyrolysis oil gas enters gs-oil separator 8, and pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas are formed after separation, and the combustion gas that pyrolysis gas enters burner 15 enters
Mouthful, pyrolysis oil enters in steam boiler 9, and vapor caused by steam boiler 9 is sent into multi-stage oven 17；Biomass material passes through broken
Enter after the broken break process of machine 30 in comminutor 31, be sent into after comminutor 31 is manufactured into particle in biomass storage tank 1, biology
Matter raw material takes out weighed conveyer 2 from biomass storage tank 1 and is delivered to elevator 3, and closure mechanism is transported to by elevator 3
On, closure mechanism is flap valve 4, opens flap valve 4 by the deadweight of biomass material, biomass material falls into multi-stage oven 17
Interior, biomass carbon is delivered to biomass carbon storage tank 14 through cooling spiral conveyer 16；The pyrolysis oil gas vent 6 of multi-stage oven 17 and rotation
Wind deduster 7 is connected, and gs-oil separator 8 is entered after the dedusting of cyclone dust collectors 7；Flue gas caused by steam boiler 9, which enters, saves coal
In device 10, hot water caused by economizer 10 enters in hot water storage tank 12, the heat in flue gas and exhaust outlet 5 that economizer 10 is discharged
Pneumatic transmission enters in scrubbing tower 11, and scrubbed tower 11 is discharged after washing by chimney 13.
During work, biomass material is sent into comminutor 31 after the crushing of disintegrating machine 30, is manufactured into by comminutor 31
To be delivered to after graininess in biomass storage tank 1, the biomass material in biomass storage tank 1 passes through the quantitative conveying of conveyer 2 of weighing,
Biomass material is delivered into flap valve 4 by elevator 3, valve plate 2 34 is closed, the deadweight that valve plate 1 passes through biomass material
Open, biomass material is fallen on valve plate 2 34, and valve plate 1 acts on automatic closing, valve plate two by weighted lever mechanism 1
34 are conducted oneself with dignity by biomass material is opened, and biomass material is fallen into multi-stage oven 17 into biomass material entrance, valve plate 2 34
By weighted lever mechanism 2 35 act on it is automatic close, burner 15 is passed through combustion gas and air light after heat multi-stage oven 17, drive
Dynamic motor 25, which rotates, drives axis 19 to rotate, and axis 19 drives rake arms and rake teeth stirring biomass material, after fully heating
Next siege 22 is entered by outside blanking port 20, enters next stove after stirring abundant heating response by rake arms and rake teeth
Bed 22, multi-stage oven 17 divide for drying layer 26, pyrolytic layer 27, reducing zone 28 and bottom 29, and biomass material initially enters dry
Dry layer 26, the temperature for making drying layer 26 by burner 15 are at 100 DEG C, and the biomass material after drying process enters
Pyrolytic layer 27, the temperature for making pyrolytic layer 27 by burner 15 are in 400 DEG C, contain carbon after pyrolysis produces
The pyrolysis oil gas and biomass pyrolytic thing of hydrogen compound, biomass pyrolytic thing enter reducing zone 28, meticulous reduction reaction, produce hydrogen
Gas, carbon monoxide and biomass carbon, by controlling burner 15 to make the temperature of reducing zone 28 be 900 DEG C, biomass carbon is the bottom of at
Through the discharge of biomass carbon outlet 23 after the accumulation of layer 29, hydrogen and CO burning are drying layer 26, pyrolytic layer 27 and also
Former layer 28 provides heat, and biomass carbon is discharged after the accumulation of bottom 29 through biomass carbon outlet 23, cold by but conveying worm
But transmit in biomass carbon storage tank 14, pyrolysis oil gas is sent into gs-oil separator 8 after the oil of cyclone dust collectors 7 removes chalk dust removing and divided
Solve and burnt for pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil into steam boiler 9, can be used for manufacturing vapor feeding multi-stage oven 17
As the raw material of reduction reaction, pyrolysis gas is admitted to the fuel gas inlet of burner 15, is burnt into multi-stage oven 17, is multi-stage oven
17 provide heat, and cold air is passed through axis 19 by axle air-cooler 24, cools down axis 19, and the air after heat exchange is by row's mouth discharge；
Flue gas caused by steam boiler 9, which enters in economizer 10, heats cold water, caused hot water is delivered in hot water storage tank 12, supply is attached
Nearly resident uses, and the flue gas in economizer 10 reaches discharge standard after the washing of scrubbing tower 11, is discharged through chimney 13, significantly
Reduce the discharge of pernicious gas.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for preparing biomass carbon as Figure 1-5, be the present invention second of implementation, the temperature of drying layer 26
Spend for 125 DEG C, the temperature of pyrolytic layer 27 is 500 DEG C, and the temperature of reducing zone 28 is 1000 DEG C, and remaining step does not change.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method for preparing biomass carbon as Figure 1-5, be the present invention second of implementation, the temperature of drying layer 26
Spend for 150 DEG C, the temperature of pyrolytic layer 27 is 600 DEG C, and the temperature of reducing zone 28 is 1100 DEG C, and remaining step does not change.
As shown in fig. 6, with the lifting of temperature, carbon yield declines, and when temperature reaches 1000 DEG C, the change of carbon yield becomes
Gesture shows that biomass material pyrolysis completely is abundant, H and O in biomass material are converted after reduction reaction close to straight line
For H2 and CO, minimize the H in biomass carbon and O ratio, the stability of biomass carbon reaches highest.
The present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, on the basis of the technical scheme of the disclosure, those skilled in the art
According to disclosed technology contents, it is not necessary to which performing creative labour can makes some replacements to some of which technical characteristic
And deformation, these are replaced and deformation is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. device for preparing biomass carbon, it is characterised in that：Including multi-stage oven, gs-oil separator, steam boiler；The multi-stage oven includes biomass material entrance, pyrolysis oil gas vent, biomass carbon outlet, burner, the biomass Feed(raw material)inlet is located at the top of the multi-stage oven, and the pyrolysis oil gas vent of the multi-stage oven is located at the top of the multi-stage oven, the life The outlet of material charcoal is located at multistage furnace bottom, and the burner includes fuel gas inlet and air intake；Axis is provided with the multi-stage oven, some sieges are provided with the axis, rake arms and rake are provided with the siege Tooth, is sequentially arranged at intervals with outside blanking port and inner side blanking port on the siege, and the axis is through at the top of the multi-stage oven One end be provided with exhaust outlet, one end of the axis through the multistage furnace bottom is connected with axle air-cooler and driving electricity Machine；The gs-oil separator includes pyrolysis oil gas entrance, pyrolysis oil export and pyrolysis gas outlet；The steam boiler includes pyrolysis oil-in, exhanst gas outlet and steam outlet；The pyrolysis oil gas vent of the multi-stage oven is connected with the pyrolysis oil gas entrance of the gs-oil separator, the gs-oil separator Pyrolysis gas outlet be connected with the fuel gas inlet of the burner, the pyrolysis oil export of the gs-oil separator and the steam copper The pyrolysis oil-in of stove is connected, and the steam outlet of the steam boiler is connected with the multi-stage oven.
- A kind of 2. device for preparing biomass carbon according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The biomass of the multi-stage oven Installation settings has closure mechanism on feed(raw material)inlet, and the closure mechanism is connected with elevator, the elevator and conveyer of weighing It is connected, the conveyer of weighing is connected with biomass storage tank, and the biomass storage tank is connected with comminutor, and the comminutor is with breaking Broken machine is connected, and the biomass carbon outlet of the multi-stage oven is connected with cooling spiral conveyer, the cooling spiral conveyer and life Material charcoal storage tank is connected.
- A kind of 3. device for preparing biomass carbon according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The closure mechanism is turnover panel Valve, the flap valve include valve plate one and valve plate two, and the valve plate one is arranged on the top of valve plate two, the valve plate one and counterweight Leverage one is connected, and the valve plate two is connected with weighted lever mechanism two.
- A kind of 4. device for preparing biomass carbon according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The multi-stage oven and the oil Installation settings has cyclone dust collectors, the heat of the pyrolysis oil gas entrance and the multi-stage oven of the cyclone dust collectors between gas separating device Solution oil gas vent is connected, the pyrolysis oil gas entrance phase of the pyrolysis oil gas vent and the gs-oil separator of the cyclone dust collectors Even.
- A kind of 5. device for preparing biomass carbon according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The flue gas of the steam boiler Outlet is connected with the smoke inlet of economizer, and the hot water outlet of the economizer is connected with hot water storage tank, the cigarette of the economizer Gas outlet is connected with scrubbing tower, and the exhaust outlet is connected with the scrubbing tower, and the scrubbing tower is connected with chimney.
- A kind of 6. method for preparing biomass carbon, it is characterised in that：Prepared using one kind described in claim 1-5 any one The device of biomass carbon, comprises the following steps：（1）Biomass material is sent into the multi-stage oven, rotated under the drive of motor, drives rake arms and rake teeth stirring, Material is entered into next layer of siege through outside blanking port, then entered through rake arms and rake teeth stirring by inner side blanking port in next layer Siege；（2）Processing is dried in the drying layer of the multi-stage oven first in the biomass material, and the moisture content in biomass is steamed Hair, the temperature of the drying layer is 100-150 DEG C；（3）The pyrolytic layer that the biomass material after drying process enters the multi-stage oven carries out thermal decomposition process, Pyrolysis oil gas and biomass pyrolytic thing containing hydrocarbon are produced, the temperature of the pyrolytic layer is 400-600 DEG C；（4）The reducing zone that the biomass material after thermal decomposition process enters the multi-stage oven is carried out at reduction reaction Reason, produces hydrogen, carbon monoxide and biomass carbon, and the hydrogen and CO burning are the drying layer, pyrolytic layer And reducing zone provides heat, the temperature of the reducing zone is not less than 900 DEG C；（5）The biomass carbon is exported through the biomass carbon and discharged；（6）The pyrolysis oil gas enters gs-oil separator, and pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas are formed after separation, and the pyrolysis gas enters combustion The fuel gas inlet of burner, the pyrolysis oil enter in steam boiler, and vapor caused by the steam boiler is sent into multi-stage oven.
- A kind of 7. method for preparing biomass carbon according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The temperature of the drying layer is 125 DEG C, the temperature of the pyrolytic layer is 500 DEG C, and the temperature of the reducing zone is 1000 DEG C.
- A kind of 8. method for preparing biomass carbon according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The biomass material passes through Enter after crusher in crushing processing in comminutor, be sent into after comminutor is manufactured into particle in biomass storage tank, from the life Conveyer of being weighed described in the biomass material warp is taken out in material storage tank and is delivered to the elevator, is transported by the elevator On to the closure mechanism, the closure mechanism is flap valve, and the flap valve is opened by the deadweight of the biomass material, The biomass material is fallen into the multi-stage oven, and the biomass carbon is delivered to the biology through the cooling spiral conveyer Matter charcoal storage tank.
- A kind of 9. method for preparing biomass carbon according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The pyrolysis oil of the multi-stage oven Gas outlet is connected with the cyclone dust collectors, and the gs-oil separator is entered after cyclone dust collectors dedusting.
- A kind of 10. method for preparing biomass carbon according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The steam boiler produces Flue gas enter in the economizer, hot water caused by the economizer enters in the hot water storage tank, economizer discharge Flue gas and the exhaust outlet in hot gas be sent into scrubbing tower, discharged after the washing of scrubbed tower by chimney.
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