CN107593578B - Backflow-preventing type automatic water inlet one-way control device - Google Patents
Backflow-preventing type automatic water inlet one-way control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107593578B CN107593578B CN201711065531.9A CN201711065531A CN107593578B CN 107593578 B CN107593578 B CN 107593578B CN 201711065531 A CN201711065531 A CN 201711065531A CN 107593578 B CN107593578 B CN 107593578B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mariculture and relates to a backflow-preventing type automatic water inlet unidirectional control device, which comprises a cavity, a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a concave pipe, a swimming ball, a first hemisphere, a water inlet groove, conical protrusions, a second hemisphere, a ball inlet cover, a ball inlet, a cavity, a second gate and a first gate, wherein the structure of the swimming ball comprises a foam ball core, a ball shell, a rust-preventing layer, a nylon net layer and a rubber layer, the overall density of the swimming ball is smaller than that of sea water or fresh water, the water inlet groove with a through hole structure is uniformly distributed on the first hemisphere, the conical protrusions block the swimming ball from being attached to the inner wall of the first hemisphere, the ball inlet is formed on the side surface of the upper wall of the concave pipe, and the ball inlet cover is arranged above the ball inlet; by utilizing tidal potential energy, automatic water inflow and backflow prevention are realized, the survival rate of aquatic economic animals and plants is improved, the aquatic economic animals and plants in the culture pond are prevented from losing, pollution is avoided, the principle is scientific and ingenious, time and labor are saved, safety and reliability are realized, and the application environment is friendly.
Description
Technical field:
the invention belongs to the technical field of mariculture, and relates to a backflow-preventing type automatic water inlet one-way control device, in particular to a one-way control device suitable for automatically conveying and filling seawater into a mariculture pond.
The background technology is as follows:
mariculture is an important component of aquaculture, and is a production activity for culturing marine aquatic animals and plants by using shallow sea, tidal flat, estuary, ponds and other water areas, and the cultured objects are mainly fish, shrimp and crab, shellfish, algae and the like. The traditional cultivation method commonly used at present comprises cage cultivation and pond cultivation, wherein the cage cultivation is convenient to move and small in investment, is greatly influenced by wind waves and is easy to pollute, and cultivated products are easy to escape and attach microorganisms, so that the cultivation efficiency is reduced; pond culture refers to a production mode of aquatic economic animal and plant culture by utilizing a manually excavated or natural pond, the mode needs to adopt modes such as manual work or water pump extraction to inject water into the pond, the pond is fully filled with water for culture production, the water level change in the pond needs to be paid attention to at regular time so as to store water again, manpower and material resources are wasted, electric energy is consumed, resources are wasted, the water change frequency of the culture mode is less, the water exchange with the outside is limited, the water quality is poor, and the survival rate of aquatic economic animal and plant is low. Therefore, a reverse flow prevention type automatic water inlet one-way control device is sought to be designed, the sea is communicated with a culture pond, movable spheres with the density lower than that of sea water are placed in a channel, the tidal energy of the sea water is utilized, when tide is risen, the sea water flows to the culture pond, when tide falls, the movable spheres block the channel, the sea water cannot flow back into the sea, the water is automatically opened every day, internal and external water flow exchange is carried out, the water quality is kept clean, the survival rate of fishes and shrimps is improved, the sea water potential energy generated by tide change is utilized for automatic water filling, the labor intensity is reduced, and the energy and the manpower are saved.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a backflow-preventing automatic water inlet one-way control device which is designed to solve the problem of high labor intensity caused by manual water storage, overcome the defects of low water changing times and poor water quality in the traditional pond culture, lower survival rate of aquatic economic animals and plants, solve the problem of high energy consumption in the traditional water pump water storage, effectively utilize natural tidal energy and increase renewable energy.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention relates to a backflow-preventing automatic water inlet unidirectional control device, which comprises a main body structure, a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a concave pipe, a swimming sphere, a first hemisphere, a water inlet groove, a conical bulge, a second hemisphere, a ball inlet cover, a ball inlet, a cavity, a second gate and a first gate, wherein the main body structure comprises a cavity; the cavity is of a hollow pipeline structure with two open ends and formed by cement molding or plastic molding, two ends of the cavity are respectively provided with a first pipeline and a second pipeline which are of an integrated structure, the first pipeline and the second pipeline are identical in size, the central axes of the first pipeline and the second pipeline are on the same horizontal line, one end of the first pipeline is communicated with the culture pond, and one end of the second pipeline is communicated with the sea, so that the culture pond is communicated with the sea; the middle part of the cavity is a concave pipe lower than the first pipeline and the second pipeline, the inner space of the concave pipe forms a cavity, the diameter of the inner cavity of the concave pipe is larger than that of the swimming ball, the swimming ball can freely move in the cavity formed in the concave pipe, and the diameters of the first pipeline and the second pipeline are smaller than those of the swimming ball; the whole density of the swimming sphere with the elastic structure on the surface is less than that of seawater or fresh water; a first hemisphere with a hemispherical structure is arranged at the joint of the other end of the first pipeline and the left end of the concave pipe, and water inlet tanks with through hole structures are uniformly distributed on the first hemisphere with the inner diameter larger than that of the swimming sphere, so that the loss of aquatic economic animals and plants in the culture pond is prevented; the inner wall of the first hemisphere is provided with a plurality of conical bulges, and the conical bulges block the swimming sphere from being attached to the inner wall of the first hemisphere, so that a water flow channel is formed between the inner wall of the first hemisphere and the swimming sphere; a second hemisphere with a hemispherical structure is arranged at the joint of the other end of the second pipeline and the right end of the concave pipe, and a water inlet groove with a through hole structure is formed in the second hemisphere with the inner diameter smaller than that of the swimming sphere, so that pollutants in the sea are prevented from flowing into the culture pond, and pollution is avoided; the swimming ball moves to the second hemisphere under the pushing action of seawater in the culture pond and is clamped at the inner side of the second hemisphere, and a sealing structure is formed between the swimming ball with the elastic surface structure and the second hemisphere, so that a channel is blocked, and water in the culture pond is prevented from flowing into the sea; a ball inlet is formed in the side face of the upper wall of the concave pipe, a ball inlet cover is arranged on the ball inlet, and when the ball inlet cover is closed, the ball inlet cover can be in sealing fit with the ball inlet to prevent water in the cavity from flowing out of the ball inlet; the ball inlet is used for taking out for maintenance or replacement when the movable ball is damaged; the left end entrance of the first pipeline is provided with a first gate, the right end entrance of the second pipeline is provided with a second gate, when water is needed, the first gate and the second gate are opened, and when water is not needed, the first gate and the second gate are closed.
The structure of the swimming ball comprises a foam ball core, a ball shell, a rust-proof layer, a nylon net layer and a rubber layer; the foam ball core is of a sphere structure with the diameter of 50-200 mm, and the foam ball core is made of foamed plastic lightweight materials; the outer side of the foam ball core is wrapped with a layer of ball shell, and the ball shell is made of metal or ceramic, so that the rigidity structural strength of the swimming ball is improved, and the thickness of the ball shell is 1-10 mm; the spherical shell is coated with a rust-proof layer to avoid corrosion of the spherical shell made of metal after seawater infiltration; the outside of the rust-proof layer is wrapped and adhered with a nylon net layer, the nylon net layer is of a nylon net structure formed by nylon wires through knotting and buckling, the diameter of the nylon net wire is 2-5 mm, the grid is of a square structure with the side length of 3-10 mm, and the buckling thickness is 0.5-2 mm larger than the diameter of the nylon wire; the rubber layer is coated outside the nylon net layer and between the nylon grids, and the nylon net layer increases the adhesive force and elastic tension force of the rubber layer; the fine grid structure ensures the adhesive strength of the rubber layer, the knot thickness ensures that the surface is smoother after the rubber layer is coated, and nylon wire bulges are prevented from influencing the sphericity of the swimming ball body to reduce the sealing performance; the spherical shell is made of cement, the rust-proof layer is made of carbon fiber, and functional groups on the surface of the carbon fiber are tightly combined with the spherical shell made of cement.
When the invention is built, the invention can adopt a metal structure or a plastic structure integrated structure or a cement concrete building structure; the invention is applied to the occasions of mariculture ponds, freshwater culture ponds, sea rice planting, light rice planting or other aquatic plant planting, can be applied to Yuan Long plain sea rice planting experimental farms, is used for automatic irrigation, realizes automatic irrigation and can keep the water level in the culture ponds balanced.
When the device is used, the device is installed underground between the culture pond and the sea, the culture pond is communicated with the sea through the first gate, the first pipeline, the water inlet groove of the first hemisphere, the concave pipe, the water inlet groove of the second hemisphere, the second pipeline and the second gate, the ball inlet cover is opened, the swimming ball is placed in the concave pipe from the ball inlet, and the ball inlet cover is closed; when the sea water level is lower than the water level of the culture pond, the water in the culture pond enters the lower groove from the first pipeline to push the swimming sphere to move rightwards, when the swimming sphere moves to the second hemispherical position, the elastic outer surface of the swimming sphere is tightly contacted with the inner surface of the second hemispherical surface under the pressure action of the water in the culture pond, the water in the culture pond is prevented from flowing backwards, so that the automatic water storage function is realized, and the water inlet is automatically opened and closed for many times along with the rising and falling tide. When water is not needed, the first and second shutters are closed. The use effect proves that the automatic machine is good in automation and saves labor cost.
Compared with the prior art, the tidal potential energy is utilized to push the movable sphere to move, automatic water inflow and backflow prevention are realized, the labor intensity is reduced, energy is saved, the internal and external water flow exchange is frequent, the water quality in the culture pond is kept clean, the survival rate of aquatic economic animals and plants is improved, a sealing structure is formed between the movable sphere and the second hemisphere to prevent seawater backflow, the water inflow groove structure of the first hemisphere prevents the aquatic economic animals and plants in the culture pond from running away, the water inflow groove structure of the second hemisphere prevents pollutants in the sea from flowing into the culture pond, and pollution is avoided; the novel energy-saving device has the advantages of simple overall structural design, scientific and ingenious principle, convenient use, time and labor saving, safety, reliability and environmental friendliness.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the swimming sphere of the present invention.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention will now be further illustrated by means of specific examples in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the embodiment relates to a backflow-preventing type automatic water inlet one-way control device, the main structure of which comprises: the device comprises a cavity 1, a first pipeline 2, a second pipeline 3, a concave pipe 4, a swimming sphere 5, a first hemisphere 6, a water inlet tank 7, a conical protrusion 8, a second hemisphere 9, a ball inlet cover 10, a ball inlet 11, a cavity 17, a second gate 18 and a first gate 19; the cavity 1 is a hollow pipeline structure with two open ends and formed by cement molding or plastic molding, two ends of the cavity 1 are respectively provided with a first pipeline 2 and a second pipeline 3 which are of an integrated structure, the first pipeline 2 and the second pipeline 3 have the same size, the central axes of the first pipeline 2 and the second pipeline 3 are on the same horizontal line, one end of the first pipeline 2 is communicated with a culture pond, and one end of the second pipeline 3 is communicated with sea, so that the culture pond is communicated with the sea; the middle part of the cavity 1 is a concave pipe 4 lower than the first pipeline 2 and the second pipeline 3, the inner space of the concave pipe 4 forms a cavity 17, the diameter of the inner cavity of the concave pipe 4 is larger than that of the swimming ball 5, the swimming ball 5 can freely move in the cavity 17 formed in the concave pipe 4, and the diameters of the first pipeline 2 and the second pipeline 3 are smaller than that of the swimming ball 5; the whole density of the swimming sphere 5 with the elastic structure on the surface is less than that of seawater or fresh water; a first hemisphere 6 with a hemispherical structure is arranged at the joint of the other end of the first pipeline 2 and the left end of the concave pipe 4, and water inlet grooves 7 with through hole structures are uniformly distributed on the first hemisphere 6 with the inner diameter larger than that of the swimming sphere 5, so that the loss of aquatic economic animals and plants in the culture pond is prevented; the inner wall of the first hemisphere 6 is provided with a plurality of conical bulges 8, and the conical bulges 8 block the swimming sphere 5 from being attached to the inner wall of the first hemisphere 6, so that a water flow channel is formed between the inner wall of the first hemisphere 6 and the swimming sphere 5; a second hemisphere 9 with a hemispherical structure is arranged at the joint of the other end of the second pipeline 3 and the right end of the concave pipe 4, and a water inlet groove 7 with a through hole structure is arranged on the second hemisphere 9 with the inner diameter smaller than that of the swimming sphere 5, so that pollutants in the sea are prevented from flowing into the culture pond and pollution is avoided; the swimming ball 5 moves to the second hemisphere 9 under the pushing action of the seawater in the culture pond and is clamped at the inner side of the second hemisphere 9, and a sealing structure is formed between the swimming ball 5 with the elastic surface structure and the second hemisphere 9, so that a channel is blocked, and water in the culture pond is prevented from flowing into the sea; a ball inlet 11 is formed in the side face of the upper wall of the concave pipe 4, a ball inlet cover 10 is arranged on the ball inlet 11, and when the ball inlet cover 10 is closed, the ball inlet cover 10 can be in sealing fit with the ball inlet 11 to prevent water in the cavity 1 from flowing out of the ball inlet 11; the ball inlet 11 is used for taking out for maintenance or replacement when the movable ball is damaged; the left inlet of the first pipe 2 is provided with a first gate 19, the right inlet of the second pipe 3 is provided with a second gate 18, when water is needed, the first gate 19 and the second gate 18 are opened, and when water is not needed, the first gate 19 and the second gate 18 are closed.
The structure of the swimming ball 5 related to the embodiment comprises a foam ball core 12, a ball shell 13, a rust-proof layer 14, a nylon net layer 15 and a rubber layer 16; the foam ball core 12 is in a sphere structure with the diameter of 50-200 mm, and is made of foamed plastic lightweight materials; the outer side of the foam ball core 12 is wrapped with a layer of ball shell 13, and the ball shell 13 is made of metal or ceramic, so that the rigidity structural strength of the swimming ball 5 is increased, and the thickness of the ball shell 13 is 1-10 mm; the spherical shell 13 is coated with a rust-proof layer 14 to prevent seawater from corroding the spherical shell 13 made of metal after being permeated; the outside of the rust-proof layer 14 is wrapped and adhered with a nylon net layer 15, the nylon net layer 15 is of a nylon net structure formed by nylon wires through knotting and buckling, the nylon net structure is uniformly distributed in a grid, the diameter of the nylon net wire is 2-5 mm, the grid is of a square structure with a side length of 3-10 mm, and the buckling thickness is 0.5-2 mm greater than the diameter of the nylon wire; the rubber layer 16 is coated outside the nylon net layer 15 and between the nylon grids, and the nylon net layer 15 increases the adhesive force and elastic tension of the rubber layer 16; the fine grid structure ensures the adhesive strength of the rubber layer 16, the knot thickness ensures that the surface is smoother after the rubber layer 16 is coated, and nylon wire bulges are prevented from influencing the sphericity of the swimming ball 5 to reduce the sealing performance.
When the device is used, the device is installed underground between a culture pond and the sea, the culture pond is communicated with the sea through a first gate 19, a first pipeline 2, a water inlet groove 7 of a first hemisphere 6, a concave pipe 4, a water inlet groove 7 of a second hemisphere 9, a second pipeline 3 and a second gate 18, a ball inlet cover 10 is opened, a swimming ball 5 is put into the concave pipe 4 from the ball inlet 11, and the ball inlet cover 10 is closed; when the water is needed in the culture pond, the first gate 19 and the second gate 18 are opened, when the sea water is in a tide, the sea water enters the channel when the sea water level is higher than the water level in the culture pond, the swimming ball 5 is pushed to move leftwards, when the swimming ball 5 moves to the end part of the conical protrusion 8, a water flow channel is formed between the outer surface of the swimming ball 5 and the inner surface of the first hemisphere 6, the sea water enters the culture pond through the water inlet groove 7 of the first hemisphere 6, so that the culture pond is full of water, when the sea water falls down, the sea water level slowly decreases, when the sea water level is lower than the water level of the culture pond, the water in the culture pond enters the lower groove from the first pipeline 2, the swimming ball 5 is pushed to move rightwards, and when the swimming ball 5 moves to the position of the second hemisphere 9, the elastic outer surface of the swimming ball 5 is tightly contacted with the inner surface of the second hemisphere 9 under the pressure of the water in the culture pond, the water in the culture pond is blocked from the sea water, the water in the culture pond is prevented from flowing backwards, and the water in the culture pond is automatically opened and closed along with the tide and the tide is opened and closed for a plurality of times. When water is not required, the first shutter 19 and the second shutter 18 are closed. The use effect proves that the automatic machine is good in automation and saves labor cost.
The embodiment is applied to the occasions of mariculture ponds, freshwater culture ponds, sea rice planting, light rice planting or other aquatic plant planting, realizes automatic irrigation and can keep the water level in the culture ponds balanced; the embodiment can be built by adopting a metal structure or a plastic structure as a whole, or adopting a cement concrete building structure.
Example 2:
the main structure of the backflow-preventing automatic water inlet one-way control device related to the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the backflow-preventing automatic water inlet one-way control device is specifically applied to a Yuan Long plain sea rice planting experimental field and is used for automatic water filling; the spherical shell 13 is made of cement, the rust-proof layer 14 is made of carbon fiber, and functional groups on the surface of the carbon fiber are tightly combined with the spherical shell made of cement.
Claims (3)
1. The backflow-preventing type automatic water inlet one-way control device is characterized in that the main structure comprises a cavity, a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a concave pipe, a swimming ball body, a first hemisphere, a water inlet groove, a conical bulge, a second hemisphere, a ball inlet cover, a ball inlet, a cavity, a second gate and a first gate; the cavity is of a hollow pipeline structure with two open ends and formed by cement molding or plastic molding, two ends of the cavity are respectively provided with a first pipeline and a second pipeline which are of an integrated structure, the first pipeline and the second pipeline are identical in size, the central axes of the first pipeline and the second pipeline are on the same horizontal line, one end of the first pipeline is communicated with the culture pond, and one end of the second pipeline is communicated with the sea, so that the culture pond is communicated with the sea; the middle part of the cavity is a concave pipe lower than the first pipeline and the second pipeline, the inner space of the concave pipe forms a cavity, the diameter of the inner cavity of the concave pipe is larger than that of the swimming ball, the swimming ball can freely move in the cavity formed in the concave pipe, and the diameters of the first pipeline and the second pipeline are smaller than those of the swimming ball; the whole density of the swimming sphere with the elastic structure on the surface is less than that of seawater or fresh water; a first hemisphere with a hemispherical structure is arranged at the joint of the other end of the first pipeline and the left end of the concave pipe, and water inlet tanks with through hole structures are uniformly distributed on the first hemisphere with the inner diameter larger than that of the swimming sphere, so that the loss of aquatic economic animals and plants in the culture pond is prevented; the inner wall of the first hemisphere is provided with a plurality of conical bulges, and the conical bulges block the swimming sphere from being attached to the inner wall of the first hemisphere, so that a water flow channel is formed between the inner wall of the first hemisphere and the swimming sphere; a second hemisphere with a hemispherical structure is arranged at the joint of the other end of the second pipeline and the right end of the concave pipe, and a water inlet groove with a through hole structure is formed in the second hemisphere with the inner diameter smaller than that of the swimming sphere, so that pollutants in the sea are prevented from flowing into the culture pond, and pollution is avoided; the swimming ball moves to the second hemisphere under the pushing action of seawater in the culture pond and is clamped at the inner side of the second hemisphere, and a sealing structure is formed between the swimming ball with the elastic surface structure and the second hemisphere, so that a channel is blocked, and water in the culture pond is prevented from flowing into the sea; a ball inlet is formed in the side face of the upper wall of the concave pipe, a ball inlet cover is arranged on the ball inlet, and when the ball inlet cover is closed, the ball inlet cover can be in sealing fit with the ball inlet to prevent water in the cavity from flowing out of the ball inlet; the ball inlet is used for taking out for maintenance or replacement when the movable ball is damaged; the left end entrance of the first pipeline is provided with a first gate, the right end entrance of the second pipeline is provided with a second gate, when water is needed, the first gate and the second gate are opened, and when water is not needed, the first gate and the second gate are closed.
2. The backflow-preventing automatic water inlet unidirectional control device according to claim 1, wherein the structure of the swimming ball comprises a foam ball core, a ball shell, a rust-preventing layer, a nylon net layer and a rubber layer; the foam ball core is of a sphere structure with the diameter of 50-200 mm, and the foam ball core is made of foamed plastic lightweight materials; the outer side of the foam ball core is wrapped with a layer of ball shell, and the ball shell is made of metal or ceramic, so that the rigidity structural strength of the swimming ball is improved, and the thickness of the ball shell is 1-10 mm; the spherical shell is coated with a rust-proof layer to avoid corrosion of the spherical shell made of metal after seawater infiltration; the outside of the rust-proof layer is wrapped and adhered with a nylon net layer, the nylon net layer is of a nylon net structure formed by nylon wires through knotting and buckling, the diameter of the nylon net wire is 2-5 mm, the grid is of a square structure with the side length of 3-10 mm, and the buckling thickness is 0.5-2 mm larger than the diameter of the nylon wire; the rubber layer is coated outside the nylon net layer and between the nylon grids, and the nylon net layer increases the adhesive force and elastic tension force of the rubber layer; the fine grid structure ensures the adhesive strength of the rubber layer, the knot thickness ensures that the surface is smoother after the rubber layer is coated, and nylon wire bulges are prevented from influencing the sphericity of the swimming ball body to reduce the sealing performance; the spherical shell is made of cement, the rust-proof layer is made of carbon fiber, and functional groups on the surface of the carbon fiber are tightly combined with the spherical shell made of cement.
3. The backflow-preventing automatic water inlet unidirectional control device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the backflow-preventing automatic water inlet unidirectional control device is constructed by adopting a metal structure or a plastic structure or adopting a cement concrete construction structure; the water level automatic irrigation device is applied to sea water culture ponds, freshwater culture ponds, sea rice planting, light rice planting or other aquatic plant planting occasions, can be applied to Yuan Long plain sea rice planting experimental farms, is used for automatic irrigation, realizes automatic irrigation and can keep the water level in the culture ponds balanced.
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