CN107588913A - A kind of deflection of bridge span detecting system and detection method - Google Patents
A kind of deflection of bridge span detecting system and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107588913A CN107588913A CN201710656925.5A CN201710656925A CN107588913A CN 107588913 A CN107588913 A CN 107588913A CN 201710656925 A CN201710656925 A CN 201710656925A CN 107588913 A CN107588913 A CN 107588913A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of deflection of bridge span detecting system and detection method, including multiple targets, image collecting device, laser ranging module, amount of deflection computing module and operating unit, wherein, image collecting device and amount of deflection computing module are connected with operating unit；Image collecting device and laser ranging module are connected with amount of deflection computing module.The measurements of multiple tested point deflection values on Longspan Bridge is realized by horizontally rotating for image collecting device and laser ranging module；The problems such as solving prior art needs multiple CCD cameras or laser range finder, and precision is not high, and cost is higher, operation inconvenience, and practicality is not strong.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bridge monitoring technical field, more particularly to a kind of deflection of bridge span detecting system and detection method.
Background technology
The amount of deflection of bridge refers to the centre of form of a certain cross-section in beam body in the vertical line position occurred perpendicular to the direction of axle
The size of shifting.The amount of deflection of bridge is once exceed allowed band, or during by that can not return to original position after external force, you can
Judge that bridge has potential safety hazard.Therefore, deflection of bridge span detection is that its design feature and carrying are directed in bridge static loading test
The important process that ability is assessed its operation situation.
Traditional deflection of bridge span detection method generally carries out contact type measurement using instruments such as dial gauge, displacement meters, works as bridge
When girder span gets over rivers, road and rail, valley, due to that can not lay support, contact instrument can be faced the problem of can not installing.
In recent years, there is the non-contact method that bridge deflection measurement is carried out using laser technology and Digital image technology.
But when carrying out deflection metrology to Longspan Bridge, both approaches need to lay multiple laser range finders or CCD along bridge
Camera, instrument can be brought to lay difficult, complex operation, the problems such as place is easily restricted, and cost is higher.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned problems of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of detection of deflection of bridge span to be
System and method, solving needs to use multiple CCD cameras or laser range finder in the prior art, and deflection metrology precision is not
The problem of height, cost is higher, operation inconvenience, and practicality is not strong.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of deflection of bridge span detecting system, including multiple targets, image collecting device, laser ranging module, amount of deflection calculate
Module and operating unit, wherein, image collecting device and amount of deflection computing module are connected with operating unit；Image collecting device and
Laser ranging module is connected with amount of deflection computing module；
One target is set respectively at each tested point of bridge to be measured；
Image collecting device be used for the initial pictures for gathering target when bridge to be measured is not affected by load and bridge to be measured by
To the target image of target during load；
Laser ranging module is used to measure the distance between image collecting device and target；
The initial pictures, target image and the distance between image collecting device and target are input to deflectometer
Calculate in module, the deflection value at tested point is calculated；
The deflection value is by amount of deflection calculating module transfer to operating unit, operating unit shows the amount of deflection being calculated
Value；
The realtime graphic collected is transferred in operating unit by image collecting device, and operating unit is used to control image to adopt
Acquisition means enable image collecting device to collect the image of target.
Specifically, described image harvester includes telescopic optical system, area array CCD camera and head, telescope light
System is arranged on the top of head, and area array CCD camera is arranged on the rear of telescopic optical system by support.
Specifically, the operating unit includes image display, amount of deflection display module, cradle head control module and head position
Put logging modle.
The method that a kind of deflection of bridge span detecting system described in application carries out deflection of bridge span detection, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, one scaling board is set in the side of the tested point of bridge to be measured, deflection of bridge span detecting system is carried out
Demarcation, obtain between the distance between telescopic optical system front end and scaling board L and shift value representated by unit pixel
Functional relation f (L)；
Step 2, area array CCD camera obtain the realtime graphic of bridge to be measured, are sent in described image display module and show
Show；The tripod below head is adjusted, adjusts the vertical position of head, and utilize the water of cradle head control module adjustment head
Prosposition is put so that the image of the target at tested point is shown in image display；
Step 3, the distance between telescopic optical system front end and target (1) L are obtained using laser ranging moduleTarget,
And it is transported in amount of deflection computing module；
Step 4, the initial pictures P of the target (1) when gathering bridge not by load action using area array CCD camera, and
It is transported in amount of deflection computing module；
Step 5, bridge is further applied load, target when gathering bridge by load action using area array CCD camera
Target image Q, and be transported in amount of deflection computing module；
Step 6, amount of deflection computing module utilize the distance between telescopic optical system front end and target LTarget, initial pictures
P, target image Q and functional relation f (L), the amount of deflection of the bridge tested point where the target is calculated；
Step 7, the deflection value that step 6 is obtained are included on the amount of deflection display module, head position logging modle
Record the now residing horizontal level of head；
Step 8, head is controlled to horizontally rotate by cradle head control module, for the target set on bridge other tested points
Indicated weight two~step 7 of multiple implementation steps, realizes the detection to all tested point amounts of deflection.
Specifically, being demarcated to deflection of bridge span detecting system in the step 1, before obtaining telescopic optical system
Functional relation f (L) between end and shift value representated by the distance between scaling board L and unit pixel, is specifically included following
Step：
Scaling board is shot using the area array CCD camera in image collecting device, obtained using laser ranging module
The distance between telescopic optical system front end and scaling board L；According to the pixel that unit distance is included in scaling board image
Number, try to achieve under distance L, the shift value representated by unit pixel；Telescopic optical system front end and demarcation is varied multiple times
The distance between plate, in the case of obtaining different distance L, the shift value representated by unit pixel；
Using distance L as abscissa, using the shift value representated by unit pixel as ordinate, by the method for fitting obtain away from
From the functional relation f (L) between the shift value representated by L and unit pixel.
Specifically, described utilization laser ranging module obtains the distance between telescopic optical system front end and scaling board
L, the formula of use are as follows：
θ=θ1+θ2
L2=(a+L1) × cos θ
L=L2-b
Wherein, a is the distance between laser ranging module front end and its central point；B be telescopic optical system front end with
The distance between its central point；L1 is the distance between its front end that laser ranging module measurement obtains and scaling board；L2 is prestige
Remote the distance between mirror optical system central point and scaling board；θ1For the angle between laser ranging module and horizontal direction；θ2For
The angle of telescopic optical system and horizontal direction；θ is between laser ranging module axial direction and telescopic optical system axial direction
Angle.
Specifically, being obtained using laser ranging module between telescopic optical system front end and target in the step 3
Distance LTarget, the formula of use is as follows：
θ=θ1+θ2
L2=(a+L1) × cos θ
LTarget=L2-b
Wherein, a is the distance between laser ranging module front end and its central point；B be telescopic optical system front end with
The distance between its central point；L1 is the distance between its front end that laser ranging module measurement obtains and target；L2 is to look in the distance
The distance between mirror optical system central point and target；θ1For the angle between laser ranging module and horizontal direction；θ2To look in the distance
The angle of mirror optical system and horizontal direction；Angles of the θ between laser ranging module axial direction and telescopic optical system axial direction.
Specifically, amount of deflection computing module in the step 6 using between telescopic optical system front end and target away from
From LTarget, initial pictures P, target image Q and functional relation f (L), the bridge tested point where the target is calculated
Amount of deflection, comprise the following steps：
In units of pixel, m × n target surface coordinate system is established on the image collected；
The ordinate for obtaining the center of circle of upper four filled circles of initial pictures P is respectively y1,y2,y3,y4, bridge is calculated
When being not affected by load action, the ordinate y of target center is：
The ordinate for obtaining the center of circle of upper four filled circles of target image Q is respectively y1’,y2’,y3’,y4', it is calculated
When bridge is by load action, the ordinate y of target center, it is：
Calculate the number of pixels of target center vertical misalignment under target surface coordinate system：
Δ y=y '-y
It is L to ask the distance between telescopic optical system front end and the targetTargetWhen f (L) value；
Amount of deflection projection value Y of the deflection value at the target on the α of perspective plane is sought using below equationα：
Yα=f (L) × Δ y
The then deflection value Y at the target：
Y=Yα/cosθ2
Wherein, θ2For the angle of telescopic optical system and horizontal direction.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technique effect：
1. the deflection of bridge span detecting system of the present invention can realize non-contact measurement, bridge can be overcome across rivers, highway
When railway, valley, the problem of instrument with contacts can not be installed；The automatic measurement of long-span bridge beam deflection can be achieved, with
Traditional measuring method using dial gauge, displacement meter, and the existing measurement using laser technology and Digital image technology
Method is compared, it is only necessary to a small amount of personnel can complete the measurement of the arrangement and amount of deflection of instrument, it is simple to operate and can save manpower into
This.
2. the deflection of bridge span detection method of the present invention can realize the measurement again for the tested point deflection value specified.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the connection block diagram of the deflection of bridge span detecting system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the deflection of bridge span detecting system of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the distance between telescopic optical system front end and target perspective plane α calculate；
Functional relation fs (L) of the Fig. 4 between the shift value representated by distance L and unit pixel curve map；Wherein, it is horizontal
Axle represents distance L, unit m；The longitudinal axis represents the shift value representated by unit pixel, unit mm/pixel；
Each label represents in figure：1-target, 2-image collecting device, 21-telescopic optical system, 22-face battle array
CCD camera, 23-head, 3-laser ranging module.
Explanation and illustration in further detail is made to the solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Embodiment
Above-mentioned technical proposal is deferred to, referring to Fig. 1, deflection of bridge span detecting system of the invention, including multiple targets 1, image
Harvester 2, laser ranging module 3, amount of deflection computing module and operating unit, wherein, image collecting device 2 and amount of deflection calculate mould
Block is connected with operating unit；Image collecting device 2 and laser ranging module 3 are connected with amount of deflection computing module.
Target 1 includes white background plate, and four solid black circles are provided with white background plate.The deflection of bridge span of the present invention
Detecting system is used to measure deflection of bridge span, when specifically measuring, sets multiple tested points in the same side of bridge to be measured, each
One target 1 is set on tested point, the position weight of the Central Symmetry position of four solid blacks circles and tested point on target 1
Close.
Referring to Fig. 2, image collecting device 2 includes telescopic optical system 21, area array CCD camera 22 and head 23, wherein
Head 23 uses ioptron CEM60, and the tripod of head 23 is placed on the side that bridge to be measured sets target 1；Look in the distance
Mirror optical system 21 is arranged on the top of head 23, and area array CCD camera 22 is arranged on telescopic optical system 21 by support
Rear, and be arranged on the focal plane of the graticle of telescopic optical system 21, in order to which area array CCD camera 22 is imaged；The cloud
RS232 interface is provided with platform 23, the interface is connected with operating unit, and head 23, which carries GPS, can record its horizontal level,
And positional information is passed to by operating unit by RS232 interface, so as to realize the rotation of operating unit control head 23 and determine
Position.Video output interface is provided with the area array CCD camera 22, the interface is also connected with operating unit, for by face battle array
The image that CCD camera 22 collects is sent in operating unit, in order to Real Time Observation image, finds target position.
The telescopic optical system 21 and the distance on the bridge surface should be greater than the nearest of telescopic optical system 21
Focal distance, for ensureing that clearly image can be shown in image display.
Laser ranging module 3 is arranged on the surface of the telescopic optical system 21, and passes through support and telescope light
The shell of system 21 is connected.Laser ranging module 3 is connected with amount of deflection computing module by data wire, for by laser
The distance and angle information that range finder module 3 collects are transferred in amount of deflection computing module.
The operating unit includes image display, amount of deflection display module, cradle head control module and head position record
Module, wherein image display are connected with the video output interface of area array CCD camera 22, for showing area array CCD camera 22
The image collected, in order to Real Time Observation image, find target position.Cradle head control module and head position logging modle are equal
It is connected with the RS232 interface of head 23, for realizing the rotation and positioning of operating unit control head 23.Amount of deflection display module is used
In the deflection value that display measures.
The deflection of bridge span detecting system of the present invention, its specific work process are as follows：At multiple tested points of bridge to be measured
A target 1 is respectively arranged with, the position of target 1 is found using the image display in operating unit and cradle head control module
Put, using head position logging modle record head 23 position in operating unit, utilize the face battle array in image collecting device 2
CCD camera 22 gather bridge not by the target 1 during load initial pictures and bridge by the target 1 during load target figure
Picture, the distance between the front end of telescopic optical system 21 and target 1 are obtained using laser ranging module 3；By initial pictures, target
The distance between image and the front end of telescopic optical system 21 and target 1 are input in amount of deflection computing module, and amount of deflection calculates mould
The deflection value of bridge tested point where block output target 1 is simultaneously shown using the amount of deflection display module of operating unit.
The method that the described deflection of bridge span detecting system of application of the invention carries out bridge deflection measurement, including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1, the deflection of bridge span detecting system of the present invention is demarcated, scaling method is as follows：
One scaling board is set in the side of the tested point of bridge to be measured, telescope light is asked for using laser ranging module 3
The distance between the front end of system 21 and scaling board L, scaling board is entered using the area array CCD camera 22 in image collecting device 2
Row shooting, image collecting device 2 are shown the image display that the scaling board image collected is sent in operating unit
Show；
According to the number of the pixel that unit distance (mm) is included in scaling board image, try to achieve under distance L, unit picture
Shift value representated by element；The distance between the front end of telescopic optical system 21 and scaling board is varied multiple times, obtains different distance L
In the case of, the shift value representated by unit pixel；
Referring to Fig. 4, using distance L as abscissa, using the shift value representated by unit pixel as ordinate, pass through the side of fitting
Method obtains the functional relation f (L) between distance L and shift value representated by unit pixel；
F (L)=p1*L3+p2*L2+p3*L+p4
Wherein, p1=1.914e-06；p2=-0.0003363；p3=0.0208；p4=-0.3781.
In the present embodiment, distance L scopes are (45m, 75m), and distance L scopes should include telescopic optical system 21 and bridge
Surface ultimate range.
Wherein, the scaling board perspective plane arrived referring to Fig. 3, α for telescopic optical system actual observation, telescopic optical system
The distance between 21 front ends and scaling board L computational methods are：
θ=θ1+θ2
L2=(a+L1) × cos θ
L=L2-b
Wherein, a is the distance between laser ranging module front end and its central point；B be telescopic optical system front end with
The distance between its central point；L1 is the distance between its front end that laser ranging module measurement obtains and scaling board；L2 is prestige
Remote the distance between mirror optical system central point and scaling board；L is between telescopic optical system front end and the scaling board
Distance, that is, the distance between perspective plane α of telescopic optical system front end and scaling board；θ1For laser ranging module and water
Angle square between；θ2For the angle of telescopic optical system and horizontal direction；θ is laser ranging module axially with looking in the distance
Angle between mirror optical system axial direction.
Step 2, image of the realtime graphic in operating unit for the bridge to be measured that area array CCD camera 22 obtains show mould
Shown in block, the tripod of the lower section of regulation head 23, adjust the vertical position of head 23, and utilize cradle head control module adjustment cloud
The horizontal level of platform 23 a so that target 1 on bridge to be measured appears in telescopic optical system 21 within sweep of the eye, i.e.,
Target 1 is shown in image display；In order that the image obtained in image display becomes apparent from, telescope light is sequentially adjusted in
Thick, the thin burnt spiral of standard of system 21 is focused.
Step 3, the distance between the front end of telescopic optical system 21 and target 1 L are obtained using laser ranging module 3Target,
And it is transported in amount of deflection computing module；LTargetCalculation formula it is as follows：
θ=θ1+θ2
L2=(a+L1) × cos θ
LTarget=L2-b
Wherein, a is the distance between laser ranging module front end and its central point；B be telescopic optical system front end with
The distance between its central point；L1 is the distance between its front end that laser ranging module measurement obtains and target；L2 is to look in the distance
The distance between mirror optical system central point and target；θ1For the angle between laser ranging module and horizontal direction；θ2To look in the distance
The angle of mirror optical system and horizontal direction；Angles of the θ between laser ranging module axial direction and telescopic optical system axial direction.
Step 4, the initial pictures P of the target 1 when gathering bridge not by load action using area array CCD camera 22, and
It is transported in amount of deflection computing module；
Step 5, bridge is further applied load, target when gathering bridge by load action using area array CCD camera 22
1 target image Q, and be transported in amount of deflection computing module；
Step 6, amount of deflection computing module utilize the distance between the front end of telescopic optical system 21 and the target 1 LTarget、
Initial pictures P, target image Q and functional relation f (L), the amount of deflection of the bridge tested point at the place of target 1 is calculated,
Computational methods are as follows：
In units of pixel, m × n target surface coordinate system is established on the image collected；
The solid black circle on initial pictures P is identified using improved Hough transformation, obtains initial pictures P upper four
The ordinate in the center of circle of individual filled circles is respectively y1,y2,y3,y4, when bridge be calculated being not affected by load action, target center
The ordinate y of position is：
The solid black circle on target image Q is identified using improved Hough transformation, obtains target image Q upper four
The ordinate in the center of circle of individual filled circles is respectively y1’,y2’,y3’,y4', when bridge is calculated by load action, in target
The ordinate y ' of heart position is：
Calculate the number of pixels of target center vertical misalignment under target surface coordinate system：
Δ y=y '-y
It is L to ask the distance between the front end of telescopic optical system 21 and the target 1TargetWhen f (L) value；
Amount of deflection projection value Y of the deflection value at the target on the α of perspective plane is sought using below equationα：
Yα=f (L) × Δ y
The then deflection value Y at the target：
Y=Yα/cosθ2
Wherein, θ2For the angle of telescopic optical system 21 and horizontal direction.
Step 7, the deflection value that step 6 is obtained are included on the amount of deflection display module, head position logging modle
Record the now residing horizontal level of head 23.
Step 8, head 23 is controlled to horizontally rotate by cradle head control module, for what is set on bridge other tested points
Target repeats two~step 7 of implementation steps, realizes the detection to all tested point amounts of deflection.
Experimental analysis
In order to verify the degree of accuracy of deflection value that the detecting system of the present invention and detection method measure, choose altogether five it is to be measured
Point has carried out amount of deflection experiment.Deflection value (such as table 1) shown by the measurement result of dial gauge and amount of deflection display module is compared
Compared with, by comparing, the deflection value energy of the invention measured
Enough reach required measurement accuracy.
Measurement result (the θ of table 12=0.1 °)
| L targets | 52.185 | 59.643 | 64.750 | 68.382 | 73.356 |
| F (L) value | 0.0635 | 0.0722 | 0.0783 | 0.0827 | 0.0936 |
| △y | 16.81978673 | 24.07420342 | 27.67563405 | 29.8222069 | 31.24350905 |
| Y | 1.068056507 | 1.738157568 | 2.167002247 | 2.466296625 | 2.924392583 |
| Percentage meter reading | 0.986 | 1.833 | 2.236 | 2.372 | 2.831 |
| Error (absolute value) | 0.082056507 | 0.094842432 | 0.068997753 | 0.094296625 | 0.093392583 |
Claims (8)
1. a kind of deflection of bridge span detecting system, it is characterised in that including multiple targets (1), image collecting device (2), Laser Measuring
Away from module (3), amount of deflection computing module and operating unit, wherein, image collecting device (2) and amount of deflection computing module are single with operation
Member connection；Image collecting device (2) and laser ranging module (3) are connected with amount of deflection computing module；
One target (1) is set respectively at each tested point of bridge to be measured；
Image collecting device (2) is used to gather the initial pictures of the target (1) when bridge to be measured is not affected by load and bridge to be measured
By the target image of the target (1) during load；
Laser ranging module (3) is used to measure the distance between image collecting device (2) and target (1)；
The distance between the initial pictures, target image and image collecting device (2) and target (1) are input to amount of deflection
In computing module, the deflection value at tested point is calculated；
The deflection value is by amount of deflection calculating module transfer to operating unit, operating unit shows the deflection value being calculated；
The realtime graphic collected is transferred in operating unit by image collecting device (2), and operating unit is used to control image to adopt
Acquisition means (2) cause image collecting device (2) to collect the image of target (1).
2. deflection of bridge span detecting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described image harvester (2) includes hoping
Remote mirror optical system (21), area array CCD camera (22) and head (23), telescopic optical system (21) are arranged on head (23)
Top, area array CCD camera (22) are arranged on the rear of telescopic optical system (21) by support.
3. deflection of bridge span detecting system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the operating unit includes image and shows mould
Block, amount of deflection display module, cradle head control module and head position logging modle.
4. a kind of method that deflection of bridge span detecting system using described in claim 3 carries out deflection of bridge span detection, its feature exist
In comprising the following steps：
Step 1, one scaling board is set in the side of the tested point of bridge to be measured, deflection of bridge span detecting system is demarcated,
Obtain the letter between telescopic optical system (21) the distance between front end and scaling board L and shift value representated by unit pixel
Number relation f (L)；
Step 2, area array CCD camera (22) obtain the realtime graphic of bridge to be measured, are sent in described image display module and show
Show；The tripod below head (23), the vertical position of adjustment head (23) are adjusted, and is adjusted using the cradle head control module
The horizontal level of head (23) so that the image of the target (1) at tested point is shown in image display；
Step 3, the distance between telescopic optical system (21) front end and target (1) are obtained using laser ranging module (3)
LTarget, and be transported in amount of deflection computing module；
Step 4, the initial pictures P of the target (1) when gathering bridge not by load action using area array CCD camera (22), and
It is transported in amount of deflection computing module；
Step 5, bridge is further applied load, target when gathering bridge by load action using area array CCD camera (22)
(1) target image Q, and be transported in amount of deflection computing module；
Step 6, amount of deflection computing module utilize the distance between telescopic optical system (21) front end and target (1) LTarget, it is initial
Image P, target image Q and functional relation f (L), the amount of deflection of the bridge tested point where the target (1) is calculated；
Step 7, the deflection value that step 6 is obtained are included on the amount of deflection display module, head position logging modle record
The now residing horizontal level of head (23)；
Step 8, head (23) is controlled to horizontally rotate by cradle head control module, for the target set on bridge other tested points
Mark (1) and repeat two~step 7 of implementation steps, realize the detection to all tested point amounts of deflection.
5. the method for deflection of bridge span as claimed in claim 4 detection, it is characterised in that in the step 1 to deflection of bridge span
Detecting system is demarcated, and obtains the distance between telescopic optical system (21) front end and scaling board L and unit pixel institute's generation
Functional relation f (L) between the shift value of table, specifically includes following steps：
Scaling board is shot using the area array CCD camera (23) in image collecting device (2), utilizes laser ranging module
(3) the distance between telescopic optical system (21) front end and scaling board L are obtained；Wrapped according to unit distance in scaling board image
The number of the pixel contained, try to achieve under distance L, the shift value representated by unit pixel；Telescopic optical system is varied multiple times
(21) the distance between front end and scaling board, in the case of obtaining different distance L, the shift value representated by unit pixel；
Using distance L as abscissa, using the shift value representated by unit pixel as ordinate, distance L is obtained by the method for fitting
Functional relation f (L) between the shift value representated by unit pixel.
6. the method for deflection of bridge span detection as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that described utilizes laser ranging module
(3) the distance between telescopic optical system (21) front end and scaling board L are obtained, the formula of use is as follows：
θ=θ1+θ2
L2=(a+L1) × cos θ
L=L2-b
Wherein, a is the distance between laser ranging module front end and its central point；B is for telescopic optical system front end and wherein
The distance between heart point；L1 is the distance between its front end that laser ranging module measurement obtains and scaling board；L2 is telescope
The distance between optical system central point and scaling board；θ1For the angle between laser ranging module and horizontal direction；θ2To look in the distance
The angle of mirror optical system and horizontal direction；Angles of the θ between laser ranging module axial direction and telescopic optical system axial direction.
7. the method for deflection of bridge span detection as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the utilization Laser Measuring in the step 3
The distance between telescopic optical system (21) front end and target (1) L are obtained away from module (3)Target, the formula of use is as follows：
θ=θ1+θ2
L2=(a+L1) × cos θ
LTarget=L2-b
Wherein, a is the distance between laser ranging module front end and its central point；B is for telescopic optical system front end and wherein
The distance between heart point；L1 is the distance between its front end that laser ranging module measurement obtains and target；L2 is telescope light
Learn the distance between system centre point and target；θ1For the angle between laser ranging module and horizontal direction；θ2For telescope light
The angle of system and horizontal direction；Angles of the θ between laser ranging module axial direction and telescopic optical system axial direction.
8. the method for deflection of bridge span detection as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the amount of deflection in the step 6 calculates mould
Block utilizes the distance between telescopic optical system (21) front end and target (1) LTarget, initial pictures P, target image Q and letter
Number relation f (L), the amount of deflection of the bridge tested point where the target (1) is calculated, comprises the following steps：
In units of pixel, m × n target surface coordinate system is established on the image collected；
The ordinate for obtaining the center of circle of upper four filled circles of initial pictures P is respectively y1,y2,y3,y4, bridge is calculated and is not affected by
During load action, the ordinate y of target center is：
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<mi>y</mi>
<mn>3</mn>
</msub>
<mo>,</mo>
</msup>
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<mi>y</mi>
<mn>4</mn>
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</mrow>
Calculate the number of pixels of target center vertical misalignment under target surface coordinate system：
Δ y=y '-y
It is L to ask the distance between telescopic optical system (21) front end and the target (1)TargetWhen f (L) value；
Amount of deflection projection value Y of the deflection value at the target on the α of perspective plane is sought using below equationα：
Yα=f (L) × Δ y
The then deflection value Y at the target：
Y=Yα/cosθ2
Wherein, θ2For the angle of telescopic optical system and horizontal direction.
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