CN107578833A - A kind of fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule for temperature online measurement in pebble bed reactor heap - Google Patents
A kind of fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule for temperature online measurement in pebble bed reactor heap Download PDFInfo
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- CN107578833A CN107578833A CN201710762487.0A CN201710762487A CN107578833A CN 107578833 A CN107578833 A CN 107578833A CN 201710762487 A CN201710762487 A CN 201710762487A CN 107578833 A CN107578833 A CN 107578833A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule for temperature online measurement in pebble bed reactor heap, including：With identical graphite material on fuel element made of graphite spheroids, its diameter is equal with fuel element, graphite column is plugged with graphite spheroids, storage has several temperature elements being made up of quartz ampoule and wire on graphite column, wherein, it is closed helium environment in quartz ampoule, the different wire of fusing point is respectively provided with different quartz ampoules.The present invention meets 450 1200 DEG C of temperature-measuring range demand, meets 25 50 DEG C of temperature measurement accuracy demand；Graphite spheroids and graphite column are respectively adopted and high temperature nuclear reactor fuel element and lateral reflection layer graphite component identical material manufacture, it is ensured that flow regime is identical with fuel element in heap, and mechanical property disclosure satisfy that into heap requirement；Thermometric wire is encapsulated using quartz ampoule, helium gas inside environment, is leaked without molten metal in heap and is polluted reactor core, it is ensured that security in the heap of thermometric wire；Structure design is easy to process, assemble and preserve.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to reactor engineering technical field, temperature survey in more particularly to a kind of spherical-bed high temperature cold air heap heap
In experiment, the fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule for on-line measurement heap in-core temperature.
Background technology
With Tsing-Hua University's 10MW HTGRs（HTR-10）It is anti-for the high temperature of cooling agent by moderator, helium of graphite
Heap is answered, the core exit temperature of helium is up to 700 DEG C, is that a kind of inherent safety is good, generating efficiency is high, purposes is extremely wide
Advanced nuclear reactor.Core section is surrounded by graphite reflector, and core is equipped with a large amount of spheric fuel elements, forms pebble bed reactor
Core.Fuel element diameter 60mm, flowed from up to down by different streamline and speed by weight-driven in reactor core.In order to test
Demonstrate,prove the uncertain problem of pebble bed reactor reactor core theoretical calculation（Such as ball stream, it is locally filled with rate change, coolant flux distribution etc.）,
Understand the error of theoretical calculation and cause the factor of deviation, it is determined that the highest outlet temperature of HTGR safe operation can be ensured
Degree is, it is necessary to measure and calculate analysis to maximum temperature in heap.According to preliminary analysis, heap in-core maximum temperature appears in reactor core
Close to the position of ball mouth, Fig. 1 is reactor core ball bed schematic diagram for bottom, and " a layers " is the position where maximum temperature.
Due to the high temperature and flow behavior of 10MW Pebble Bed Reactor Core In Htr reactor cores, traditional thermometric should not be set in heap core inner
Element.Therefore heap core inner maximum temperature how is measured, turns into those skilled in the art's urgent problem to be solved.
The content of the invention
For problems of the prior art：In spherical-bed HTGR heap temperature survey experiment in, how
It is difficult in the case of arranging measuring point, the failure of traditional temp measuring method, heap core inner is most under accurate measurement normal reactor operation operating mode
High-temperature.
The purpose of the present invention is：A kind of fast-response formula thermometric graphite for temperature online measurement in pebble bed reactor heap is provided
Ball.
Concrete technical scheme is：
A kind of fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule for temperature online measurement in pebble bed reactor heap, the thermometric graphite nodule include：Graphite
Spheroid, the graphite spheroids with identical graphite material on fuel element using being made, and its diameter is equal with fuel element, graphite
Graphite column is plugged with spheroid, being deposited on the graphite column has several temperature elements being made up of quartz ampoule and wire, its
In, the quartz ampoule is that its inner chamber of closed structure is helium environment, and fusing point is respectively provided with the quartz ampoule of different temperature elements
Different wires.
Further, through hole is provided with the graphite spheroids, female thread structure, the stone are carried on the inwall of the through hole
The cylindrical type that Mo Zhuwei matches with the shape of through holes, the both ends of graphite column are arcwall face, are provided with the side of graphite column outer
Helicitic texture, coordinated by the female thread structure and the external thread structure and graphite column is fixed on graphite spheroids, it is fixed
The both ends of graphite column and the surface of graphite spheroids form complete sphere afterwards.
Further, blind hole is provided with the graphite spheroids, female thread structure, the stone are carried on the inwall of the blind hole
The cylindrical type that Mo Zhuwei matches with the blind hole shape, one end of graphite column is arcwall face, and outer spiral shell is carried on the side of graphite column
Line structure, coordinated by the female thread structure and the external thread structure and graphite column is fixed on graphite spheroids, after fixed
The arcwall face of graphite column and the surface of graphite spheroids form complete sphere.
Further, the storage list of several through holes or blind hole as the temperature element is offered on the graphite column
Member, each it is placed with 1-2 temperature measuring unit in the memory space.
Further, the shape and size of the different wires of fusing point are identical.
Further, the fusing point of the wire is at 450 DEG C -1200 DEG C.
In a kind of spherical-bed HTGR heap of the offer of the present invention temperature survey in heap is carried out in temperature survey experiment
Special fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule, there is advantages below：
（1）Meet 450-1200 DEG C of temperature-measuring range demand, meet 25-50 DEG C of temperature measurement accuracy demand.
（2）Graphite spheroids and graphite column are respectively adopted and high temperature nuclear reactor fuel element and lateral reflection layer graphite component identical material
Material manufacture, it is ensured that flow regime is identical with fuel element in heap, and mechanical property disclosure satisfy that into heap requirement.
（3）Thermometric wire is encapsulated using quartz ampoule, and high-purity helium is filled in inside, is leaked without molten metal in heap and pollutes heap
Core, it is ensured that security in the heap of thermometric wire.
（4）Structure design is easy to process, assemble and preserve.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 10MW HTGR reactor core ball bed schematic diagrames；
Fig. 2 is one of diagrammatic cross-section of fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the graphite column of numbering 2 in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the graphite nodule of numbering 1 in Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 is the two of the diagrammatic cross-section of the fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the graphite column of numbering 2 ' in Fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the graphite nodule of numbering 1 ' in Fig. 5；
Fig. 8 is the I type graphite nodules used in embodiment 1；
Fig. 9 is the II type graphite nodules used in embodiment 1；
In figure：1 graphite spheroids, 11 internal threads, 12 through holes, 13 blind holes, 2 graphite columns, 21 external screw threads, 22 memory cell, 3 quartz
Pipe, 4 wires, 1 ' graphite spheroids, 2 ' graphite columns.
Embodiment
The present invention is more fully illustrated below with embodiment.The present invention can be presented as a variety of multi-forms,
It is not construed as being confined to the exemplary embodiment described here.
For ease of explanation, the space relative terms such as " on ", " under ", "left", "right" can be used herein, are used for
The element or feature shown in explanation figure is relative to another element or the relation of feature.It should be understood that except figure
In outside the orientation that shows, spatial terminology is intended to include the different azimuth of device in use or operation.If for example, in figure
Device be squeezed, be stated as positioned at other elements or feature " under " element will be located into other elements or feature " on ".
Therefore, exemplary term " under " both upper and lower orientation can be included.Device can be positioned otherwise（It is rotated by 90 ° or position
In other orientation）, can correspondingly be explained used herein of the relative explanation in space.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are specific for the first for the fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule of temperature online measurement in pebble bed reactor heap
Embodiment, in the present embodiment thermometric graphite nodule include：Graphite spheroids 1, graphite column 2 and temperature element, wherein, graphite spheroids 1
It is made of with identical graphite material on fuel element, its diameter is equal with fuel element, and through hole is provided with graphite spheroids 1
12, internal thread 11 is carried on the inwall of through hole 12, graphite column 2 is the cylindrical type to match with the shape of through hole 12, graphite column 2
Both ends are arcwall face, external screw thread 21 are provided with the side of graphite column 2, graphite column 2 is plugged in through hole 12, and passes through internal thread
11 and external screw thread 21 coordinate and fix graphite column 2 and the phase of graphite spheroids 1, after fixed, two end faces of graphite column 2 and graphite spheroids
1 surface forms complete sphere.
Several memory cell 22 are provided with graphite column 2, memory cell 22 is the space for temperature element storage, at this
8 through holes are specifically provided with embodiment as memory cell 22, certainly, the form and quantity of memory cell 22 are not limited to
This, is such as arranged to blind hole by memory cell 22.1-2 temperature measuring unit can be placed in each memory cell 22.
The temperature measuring unit being placed in memory cell 22 includes quartz ampoule 3 and wire 4, wherein, quartz ampoule 3 is closed knot
Structure, its inner chamber are passed through high-purity helium, and the different wire 4 of fusing point is respectively provided with the quartz ampoule 3 of different temperature elements, these
The shape and size of fusing point different metal silk 4 are consistent, and the melting range of wire 4 is at 450 DEG C -1200 DEG C.
The specific experiment with reference to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 by taking the thermometric graphite spherical structure in embodiment 1 as an example illustrates below：
Thermometric wire 4 is cuboid, and size is 1.5 × 1.5 × 6mm.It is prepared for 18 surveys with 15 kinds of different melting points
Warm wire 4, is formed by different nonferrous materials according to special ratios melting, and this 18 one metal wire 4 is attached separately into I type stones
Tampon and II type graphite nodules, wherein, the fusing point of wire 4 is respectively：1# wires 4 are 450 DEG C, 2# wires 4 are 500 DEG C,
3# wires 4 are 550 DEG C, 4# wires 4 are 600 DEG C, 5# wires 4 are 650 DEG C, 6# wires 4 are 700 DEG C, 9# and 10 gold medals
Category silk 4 is 750 DEG C, 11# wires 4 are 775 DEG C, 12# wires 4 are 800 DEG C, 13# wires 4 are 825 DEG C, 14# wires 4
For 850 DEG C, 17# wires 4 be 875 DEG C, 18# wires 4 are 900 DEG C, 7# and 15# wires 4 are 950 DEG C, 8# and 16# metals
Silk 4 is 1200 DEG C.
Thermometric wire 4 is packaged in quartz ampoule 3, and quartz ampoule 3 is manufactured from high purity quartz, and fusing point is higher than 1700 °C,
Will not in reactor softening transform.External diameter 4mm, internal diameter 3mm, the wall thickness 0.5mm of quartz ampoule 3, length have 12mm and 24mm two
Class, it is respectively used to encapsulate refractory metal silk 4 and low-melting-point metal silk 4, fusing point is less than 900 DEG C（Containing 900 DEG C）Thermometric metal
Silk 4 is encapsulated using 24mm quartz ampoules 3, and thermometric wire 4 of the fusing point higher than 900 DEG C is using the encapsulation of 12mm quartz ampoules.
The encapsulation of quartz ampoule 3 uses vacuum technology, i.e., persistently extracts gas in pipe, packaged quartz ampoule in encapsulation process out
3 inside keep vacuum state, to avoid thermometric wire 4 by inner air tube oxidation deterioration.
Graphite spheroids 1 total external diameter 60mm, through-hole diameter 24mm.The material and manufacturing process of graphite spheroids 1 use and 10MW
HTGR spheric fuel element prepares identical technique.
The diameter 24mm of graphite column 2, long 60mm, both ends form complete spherical with graphite spheroids 1.Evenly distributed 8 on graphite column 2
Individual diameter 4.1mm through hole, for placing thermometric wire 4.The material of graphite column 2 is IG-110 graphite, and the graphite is used for high temperature
HTGR lateral reflection layer graphite component.
Graphite column 2 is connected by screw thread and graphite spheroids 1, from M24 screw threads, pitch 2mm, and line number 1, all numbers 10,
Screw thread overall length 20mm.
Packaged quartz ampoule 3 is placed in the through hole of graphite column 2, again consolidated graphite column 2 by screw thread with graphite spheroids 1
It is fixed, that is, form complete thermometric graphite nodule.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are specific for the first for the fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule of temperature online measurement in pebble bed reactor heap
Embodiment, the structure of thermometric graphite nodule and structure in embodiment 1 are essentially identical in the present embodiment, and difference is, graphite
Blind hole 13 is provided with spheroid 1 ', internal thread 11 is carried on the inwall of blind hole 13, graphite column 2 ' is to match with the shape of blind hole 13
Cylindrical type, one end of graphite column 2 ' is arcwall face, carries external screw thread 21 on the side of graphite column, passes through internal thread 11 and outer spiral shell
Line 21, which coordinates, is fixed on graphite column 2 ' on graphite spheroids 1 ', the surface of the arcwall face of graphite column 2 ' and graphite spheroids 1 ' after fixing
Form complete sphere.
Above-mentioned example is only intended to the explanation present invention, in addition, also a variety of different embodiments, and and these are implemented
Mode be all those skilled in the art after comprehension inventive concept it is also envisioned that therefore, will not enumerate herein.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule for temperature online measurement in pebble bed reactor heap, it is characterised in that the thermometric stone Tampon includes：Graphite spheroids, the graphite spheroids are used and are made with identical graphite material on fuel element, its diameter and fuel Element is equal, is plugged with graphite column on graphite spheroids, on the graphite column storage have be made up of quartz ampoule and wire it is some Individual temperature element, wherein, the quartz ampoule is that its inner chamber of closed structure is helium environment, in the quartz ampoule of different temperature elements It is respectively provided with the different wire of fusing point.
- 2. fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with the graphite spheroids logical Hole, carries female thread structure on the inwall of the through hole, and the graphite column is the cylindrical type to match with the shape of through holes, graphite The both ends of post are arcwall face, and external thread structure is provided with the side of graphite column, pass through the female thread structure and the outer spiral shell Graphite column is fixed on graphite spheroids by line respective outer side edges, and the both ends of graphite column and the surface of graphite spheroids are formed complete after fixing Sphere.
- 3. fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with the graphite spheroids blind Hole, carries female thread structure on the inwall of the blind hole, and the graphite column is the cylindrical type to match with the blind hole shape, graphite One end of post is arcwall face, carries external thread structure on the side of graphite column, passes through the female thread structure and the external screw thread Graphite column is fixed on graphite spheroids by respective outer side edges, and the surface of the arcwall face of graphite column and graphite spheroids forms complete after fixing Sphere.
- 4. fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that offer several on the graphite column The memory cell of through hole or blind hole as the temperature element, each it is placed with 1-2 temperature measuring unit in the memory space.
- 5. fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the shape of the different wires of fusing point It is identical with size.
- 6. fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the fusing point of the wire 450 DEG C- 1200℃。
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