CN107578833B - A kind of fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule measured for temperature online in pebble bed reactor heap - Google Patents
A kind of fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule measured for temperature online in pebble bed reactor heap Download PDFInfo
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- CN107578833B CN107578833B CN201710762487.0A CN201710762487A CN107578833B CN 107578833 B CN107578833 B CN 107578833B CN 201710762487 A CN201710762487 A CN 201710762487A CN 107578833 B CN107578833 B CN 107578833B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodules measured for temperature online in pebble bed reactor heap, including：The graphite spheroids made of identical graphite material on fuel element, its diameter is equal with fuel element, graphite column is plugged on graphite spheroids, storage has several temperature elements being made of quartz ampoule and wire on graphite column, wherein, it is closed helium environment in quartz ampoule, wire with different melting point is respectively provided in different quartz ampoules.The present invention meets 450-1200 DEG C of temperature-measuring range demand, meets 25-50 DEG C of temperature measurement accuracy demand；Material manufacture identical with high temperature nuclear reactor fuel element and lateral reflection layer graphite component is respectively adopted in graphite spheroids and graphite column, it is ensured that flow regime is identical as fuel element in heap, and mechanical property disclosure satisfy that into heap requirement；Thermometric wire is encapsulated using quartz ampoule, helium gas inside environment, is leaked without molten metal in heap and is polluted reactor core, it is ensured that safety in the heap of thermometric wire；Structure design is easy to process, assembles and preserves.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to reactor engineering technical field, more particularly to temperature measures in a kind of spherical-bed high temperature cold air heap heap
In experiment, it to be used for the fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule of on-line measurement heap in-core temperature.
Background technology
With Tsinghua University's 10MW high temperature gas cooled reactor（HTR-10）It is anti-for the high temperature of coolant by moderator, helium of graphite
It answers heap, the core exit temperature of helium to be up to 700 DEG C, is that a kind of inherent safety is good, generating efficiency is high, purposes is extremely wide
Advanced nuclear reactor.Core section is surrounded by graphite reflector, and core is equipped with a large amount of spheric fuel elements, forms pebble bed reactor
Core.Fuel element diameter 60mm is flowed by gravity drive by different streamline and speed from up to down in reactor core.In order to test
Demonstrate,prove the uncertain problem of pebble bed reactor reactor core theoretical calculation（Such as ball stream, it is locally filled with rate variation, coolant flux distribution etc.）,
Understand the error of theoretical calculation and lead to the factor of deviation, determination can ensure the highest outlet temperature of high temperature gas cooled reactor safe operation
Degree, needs maximum temperature in heap to be measured and calculated analysis.According to preliminary analysis, heap in-core maximum temperature appears in reactor core
Close to the position of ball mouth, Fig. 1 is reactor core ball bed schematic diagram, " a layers " positions where maximum temperature for bottom.
Due to the high temperature and flow behavior of 10MW Pebble Bed Reactor Core In Htr reactor cores, traditional thermometric should not be set in heap core inner
Element.Therefore heap core inner maximum temperature how is measured, becomes those skilled in the art's urgent problem to be solved.
Invention content
For problems of the prior art：In spherical-bed high temperature gas cooled reactor heap temperature measure experiment in, how
It is accurate to measure under normal reactor operation operating mode heap core inner most in the case of being difficult to arrange measuring point, traditional temp measuring method failure
High-temperature.
The purpose of the present invention is：A kind of fast-response formula thermometric graphite measured for temperature online in pebble bed reactor heap is provided
Ball.
Specific technical solution is：
A kind of fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule measured for temperature online in pebble bed reactor heap, the thermometric graphite nodule include：
Graphite spheroids, for the graphite spheroids using identical graphite material is made on fuel element, diameter is equal with fuel element,
It is plugged with graphite column on graphite spheroids, several thermometrics member for having and being made of quartz ampoule and wire is stored on the graphite column
Part, wherein the quartz ampoule is that its inner cavity of closed structure is helium environment, is respectively provided in the quartz ampoule of different temperature elements
Wire with different melting point.
Further, it is provided with through-hole on the graphite spheroids, internal thread structure, the stone are carried on the inner wall of the through-hole
The both ends of the cylindrical type that Mo Zhuwei matches with the shape of through holes, graphite column are arcwall face, are provided on the side of graphite column outer
Graphite column is fixed on graphite spheroids by helicitic texture by the internal thread structure and external thread structure cooperation, fixed
The both ends of graphite column and the surface of graphite spheroids constitute complete spherical surface afterwards.
Further, it is provided with blind hole on the graphite spheroids, internal thread structure, the stone are carried on the inner wall of the blind hole
One end of the cylindrical type that Mo Zhuwei matches with the blind hole shape, graphite column is arcwall face, and outer spiral shell is carried on the side of graphite column
Graphite column is fixed on graphite spheroids, after fixed by line structure by the internal thread structure and external thread structure cooperation
The arcwall face of graphite column and the surface of graphite spheroids constitute complete spherical surface.
Further, the storage list of several through-holes or blind hole as the temperature element is offered on the graphite column
Member is each placed with 1-2 temperature measuring unit in the memory space.
Further, the shape and size of the different wires of fusing point are identical.
Further, the fusing point of the wire is at 450 DEG C -1200 DEG C.
Temperature, which measures, in a kind of spherical-bed high temperature gas cooled reactor heap of the offer of the present invention carries out temperature measurement in heap in experiment
Special fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule, has the following advantages：
（1）The temperature-measuring range demand for meeting 450-1200 DEG C meets 25-50 DEG C of temperature measurement accuracy demand.
（2）Material identical with high temperature nuclear reactor fuel element and lateral reflection layer graphite component is respectively adopted in graphite spheroids and graphite column
Material manufacture, it is ensured that flow regime is identical as fuel element in heap, and mechanical property disclosure satisfy that into heap requirement.
（3）Thermometric wire is encapsulated using quartz ampoule, and high-purity helium is filled in inside, is leaked without molten metal in heap and pollutes heap
Core, it is ensured that safety in the heap of thermometric wire.
（4）Structure design is easy to process, assembles and preserves.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 10MW high temperature gas cooled reactor reactor core ball bed schematic diagrames；
Fig. 2 is one of the diagrammatic cross-section of the fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic cross-section of 2 graphite column of number in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the diagrammatic cross-section of 1 graphite nodule of number in Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 is the two of the diagrammatic cross-section of the fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the diagrammatic cross-section of 2 ' graphite column of number in Fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is the diagrammatic cross-section of 1 ' graphite nodule of number in Fig. 5；
Fig. 8 is I types graphite nodule used in embodiment 1；
Fig. 9 is II types graphite nodule used in embodiment 1；
In figure：1 graphite spheroids, 11 internal threads, 12 through-holes, 13 blind holes, 2 graphite columns, 21 external screw threads, 22 storage units, 3 stones
Ying Guan, 4 wires, 1 ' graphite spheroids, 2 ' graphite columns.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is made a more thorough explanation below with embodiment.The present invention can be presented as a variety of different forms,
It should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein.
The spatially relative terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right" can be used herein for ease of explanation, be used for
Relationship of the elements or features relative to another elements or features shown in definition graph.It should be understood that in addition to figure
Shown in except orientation, spatial terminology is intended to include the different direction of device in use or operation.For example, if in figure
Device be squeezed, the element for being stated as being located at other elements or feature "lower" will be located into other elements or feature "upper".
Therefore, exemplary term "lower" can include both upper and lower orientation.Device can be positioned in other ways（It is rotated by 90 ° or position
In other orientation）, can be interpreted accordingly used herein of the opposite explanation in space.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are the first of the fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule measured for temperature online in pebble bed reactor heap
Specific embodiment, in the present embodiment thermometric graphite nodule include：Graphite spheroids 1, graphite column 2 and temperature element, wherein graphite nodule
For body 1 using identical graphite material is made on fuel element, diameter is equal with fuel element, is provided on graphite spheroids 1
Through-hole 12 carries internal thread 11 on the inner wall of through-hole 12, and graphite column 2 is the cylindrical type to match with 12 shape of through-hole, graphite
The both ends of column 2 are arcwall face, are provided with external screw thread 21 on the side of graphite column 2, graphite column 2 is plugged in through-hole 12, and is passed through
Graphite column 2 and 1 phase of graphite spheroids are fixed in internal thread 11 and the cooperation of external screw thread 21, after fixed, two end faces of graphite column 2 and stone
The surface of tampon body 1 constitutes complete spherical surface.
Several storage units 22 are provided on graphite column 2, storage unit 22 is the space stored for temperature element, at this
8 through-holes are specifically provided in embodiment as storage unit 22, certainly, the form and quantity of storage unit 22 are not limited to
This, is such as arranged to blind hole by storage unit 22.1-2 temperature measuring unit can be placed in each storage unit 22.
The temperature measuring unit being placed in storage unit 22 includes quartz ampoule 3 and wire 4, wherein quartz ampoule 3 is closed knot
Structure, inner cavity are passed through high-purity helium, and wire 4 with different melting point is respectively provided in the quartz ampoule 3 of different temperature elements, these
The shape and size of fusing point different metal silk 4 are consistent, and the melting range of wire 4 is at 450 DEG C -1200 DEG C.
The specific experiment in conjunction with Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 by taking the thermometric graphite spherical structure in embodiment 1 as an example illustrates below：
Thermometric wire 4 is cuboid, and size is 1.5 × 1.5 × 6mm.Being prepared for 18 has 15 kinds of different melting points
Thermometric wire 4, formed according to special ratios melting by different nonferrous materials, this 18 one metal wire 4 be attached separately to I
Type graphite nodule and II type graphite nodules, wherein the fusing point of wire 4 is respectively：1# wires 4 are 450 DEG C, 2# wires 4 are
500 DEG C, 3# wires 4 be 550 DEG C, 4# wires 4 be 600 DEG C, 5# wires 4 are 650 DEG C, 6# wires 4 are 700 DEG C, 9#
With 10 wires 4 be 750 DEG C, 11# wires 4 are 775 DEG C, 12# wires 4 are 800 DEG C, 13# wires 4 are 825 DEG C, 14#
Wire 4 be 850 DEG C, 17# wires 4 be 875 DEG C, 18# wires 4 are 900 DEG C, 7# and 15# wires 4 are 950 DEG C, 8# and
16# wires 4 are 1200 DEG C.
Thermometric wire 4 is packaged in quartz ampoule 3, and quartz ampoule 3 selects high purity quartz manufacture, fusing point to be higher than 1700 °C,
Will not in reactor softening transform.Outer diameter 4mm, internal diameter 3mm, the wall thickness 0.5mm of quartz ampoule 3, length have 12mm and 24mm two
Class, is respectively used to encapsulation refractory metal silk 4 and low-melting-point metal silk 4, and fusing point is less than 900 DEG C（Containing 900 DEG C）Thermometric metal
Silk 4 is encapsulated using 24mm quartz ampoules 3, and thermometric wire 4 of the fusing point higher than 900 DEG C is encapsulated using 12mm quartz ampoules.
The encapsulation of quartz ampoule 3 uses vacuum technology, i.e., persistently interior gas, packaged quartz ampoule are managed in extraction in encapsulation process
3 inside keep vacuum state, to avoid thermometric wire 4 by inner air tube oxidation deterioration.
Graphite spheroids 1 total outer diameter 60mm, through-hole diameter 24mm.The material and manufacturing process of graphite spheroids 1 use and 10MW
High temperature gas cooled reactor spheric fuel element prepares identical technique.
2 diameter 24mm of graphite column, long 60mm, both ends form complete spherical with graphite spheroids 1.Evenly distributed 8 on graphite column 2
The through-hole of a diameter 4.1mm, for placing thermometric wire 4.2 material of graphite column is IG-110 graphite, which is used for high temperature
Air cooled reactor lateral reflection layer graphite component.
Graphite column 2 is connected and fixed by screw thread and graphite spheroids 1, selection M24 screw threads, screw pitch 2mm, line number 1, all numbers 10,
Screw thread overall length 20mm.
Packaged quartz ampoule 3 is placed in the through-hole of graphite column 2, again consolidates graphite column 2 and graphite spheroids 1 by screw thread
It is fixed, that is, form complete thermometric graphite nodule.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are the first of the fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule measured for temperature online in pebble bed reactor heap
Specific embodiment, structure is essentially identical in the structure with embodiment 1 of thermometric graphite nodule in the present embodiment, the difference is that,
It is provided with blind hole 13 on graphite spheroids 1 ', internal thread 11 is carried on the inner wall of blind hole 13, graphite column 2 ' is and 13 shape phase of blind hole
One end of matched cylindrical type, graphite column 2 ' is arcwall face, carries external screw thread 21 on the side of graphite column, passes through 11 He of internal thread
Graphite column 2 ' is fixed on graphite spheroids 1 ' by the cooperation of external screw thread 21, the arcwall face of graphite column 2 ' and graphite spheroids 1 ' after fixing
Surface constitutes complete spherical surface.
Above-mentioned example is only intended to illustrate the present invention, and in addition to this, also there are many different embodiments, and these are implemented
Mode be all those skilled in the art after comprehension inventive concept it is also envisioned that therefore, will not enumerate herein.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule measured for temperature online in pebble bed reactor heap, which is characterized in that the thermometric stone
Tampon includes：Graphite spheroids, the graphite spheroids are using identical graphite material is made on fuel element, diameter and fuel
Element is equal, is plugged with graphite column on graphite spheroids, on the graphite column storage have be made of quartz ampoule and wire it is several
A temperature element, wherein the quartz ampoule is that its inner cavity of closed structure is helium environment, in the quartz ampoule of different temperature elements
It is respectively provided with wire with different melting point, through-hole is provided on the graphite spheroids, internal thread is carried on the inner wall of the through-hole
Structure, the graphite column are the cylindrical type to match with the shape of through holes, and the both ends of graphite column are arcwall face, the side of graphite column
On be provided with external thread structure, graphite column is fixed on by graphite nodule by the internal thread structure and external thread structure cooperation
On body, the both ends of graphite column and the surface of graphite spheroids constitute complete spherical surface after fixing；Or it is provided on the graphite spheroids
Blind hole carries internal thread structure on the inner wall of the blind hole, and the graphite column is the cylindrical type to match with the blind hole shape, stone
One end of Mo Zhu is arcwall face, carries external thread structure on the side of graphite column, passes through the internal thread structure and the outer spiral shell
Graphite column is fixed on graphite spheroids by line respective outer side edges, and the arcwall face of graphite column and the surface of graphite spheroids have been constituted after fixing
Whole spherical surface.
2. fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that offer several on the graphite column
The storage unit of through-hole or blind hole as the temperature element is each placed with 1-2 temperature measuring unit in the storage unit.
3. fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the shape of the different wires of fusing point
It is identical with size.
4. fast-response formula thermometric graphite nodule as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fusing point of the wire 450 DEG C-
1200℃。
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| FR1588611A (en) * | 1968-09-23 | 1970-04-17 | ||
| DE3604869A1 (en) * | 1986-02-15 | 1987-08-20 | Hochtemperatur Reaktorbau Gmbh | GAS-COOLED CORE REACTOR WITH A STATIONARY PROTECTION OF SPHERICAL OPERATING ELEMENTS |
| DE3621516A1 (en) * | 1986-06-27 | 1988-01-07 | Hochtemperatur Reaktorbau Gmbh | NUCLEAR POWER PLANT WITH A HIGH TEMPERATURE REACTOR IN A CYLINDRICAL PRESSURE CONCRETE PRESSURE CONTAINER |
| CN2508246Y (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2002-08-28 | 武汉大学 | Electric heating melting point analyzer |
| CN102507035B (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-05-08 | 山东省科学院能源研究所 | Precise temperature measurement device in micro space, probe and temperature measurement method thereof |
| CN104697815A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-06-10 | 马鞍山市东江冶金材料有限公司 | Temperature measurement and sampling device of molten steel |
| CN107132153B (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2019-08-02 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of measurement method of liquid metal density measuring device |
| CN107093476B (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2019-05-14 | 清华大学 | Temperature distribution measuring method and device in non-intervention type high-temperature space based on CT |
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