CN107578750A - 显示器及其驱动方法 - Google Patents

显示器及其驱动方法 Download PDF

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CN107578750A
CN107578750A CN201710463316.8A CN201710463316A CN107578750A CN 107578750 A CN107578750 A CN 107578750A CN 201710463316 A CN201710463316 A CN 201710463316A CN 107578750 A CN107578750 A CN 107578750A
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CN107578750B (zh
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吉贺正博
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Innolux Corp
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Innolux Display Corp
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    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G09G3/3607—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals for displaying colours or for displaying grey scales with a specific pixel layout, e.g. using sub-pixels
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    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
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    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
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    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
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    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
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    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0247—Flicker reduction other than flicker reduction circuits used for single beam cathode-ray tubes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
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    • G—PHYSICS
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Abstract

本发明提供一种包括像素单元的显示器。当液晶显示器显示静态图像时，所述像素单元在刷新周期被刷新，其中所述刷新周期包括第一周期、第二周期以及第三周期。在所述第一周期中，所述像素单元由目标电压充电。在所述第二周期中，所述像素单元由后电压充电。在所述第三周期中，停止对所述像素单元进行充电。所述后电压介于所述目标电压与所述基极电压之间。此外，还提供一种用于显示器的驱动方法。

Description

显示器及其驱动方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种显示器及其驱动方法，尤其涉及一种液晶显示器及其驱动方法。具体而言，是一种低频驱动方案，且在显示器显示静态图像时能够减少画面闪烁并改良显示器光强度损失的方法。
背景技术
为了降低显示器的功率消耗，当显示器显示静态图像时，较好的做法是降低静态图像的刷新次数。鉴于此种考虑，通常会应用低频驱动方法来刷新静态图像。
然而，在低频驱动下，每当像素单元被刷新时便会产生可见的闪烁，从而降低图像质量。在低灰度级至中灰度级中就可以明显的观察到闪烁的现象，而在暗黑灰度级(darkgray level)中闪烁更加明显。此外，不同于常规驱动方法，在使用低频驱动方法时，显示器的光强度可发生损失。
鉴于此问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种可减少显示器闪烁并改良光强度损失的新的低频驱动方案。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种能够减少闪烁并改良光强度损失的显示器及驱动方法。
本发明的实施例提供一种包括像素单元的显示器。当液晶显示器显示静态图像时，所述像素单元在刷新周期被刷新，其中所述刷新周期包括第一周期、第二周期以及第三周期。在所述第一周期中，所述像素单元由目标电压充电。在所述第二周期中，所述像素单元由后电压(post voltage)充电。在所述第三周期中，停止对所述像素单元进行充电。所述后电压介于所述目标电压与所述基极电压之间。
本发明的实施例提供一种包括像素单元显示器的驱动方法。所述驱动方法包括：在第一周期中，以目标电压对所述像素单元进行充电；在所述第一周期后的第二周期中，以后电压对所述像素单元进行充电；以及在所述第二周期后的第三周期中，停止对所述像素单元进行充电。重复自所述第一周期开始至所述第三周期以连续刷新静态图像，且所述后电压介于所述目标电压与所述基极电压之间。
根据以上所述，在本发明的实施例中，当显示器通过低频驱动方案显示静态图像时，可见闪烁减少且光强度损失得以改良，因此提高了图像质量。
附图说明
附图以提供对本发明的进一步的理解，且附图并入本说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分。附图说明本发明的实施例并与说明书一起用以解释本发明的原理。
图1是示出列反转(column inversion)低频驱动方案的示意图；
图2是示出在图1所示的低频驱动方案下，在刷新周期期间的像素电压变化的示意图；
图3是示出在图1所示的低频驱动方案下，在刷新周期期间像素单元两端电压变化的示意图；
图4是示出在图1所示的低频驱动方案下，在刷新周期期间的光强度变化的图；
图5A是根据本发明实施例的显示器所示出的显示器示意图；
图5B是根据本发明的实施例，示出图5A中所示出像素单元的示意图；
图6是根据本发明的实施例，示出列反转低频驱动方案的示意图；
图7是示出在图6所示的低频驱动方案下，在刷新周期期间像素电压变化的示意图；
图8是根据本发明的实施例，示出由低频驱动方案及常规驱动方案驱动的液晶的亮度变化的示意图；
图9是根据本发明的实施例，示出列反转低频驱动方案的示意图；
图10是示出根据本发明实施例的一种用于液晶显示器的驱动方法的示意图。
附图标号说明：
500：显示器
510：像素单元
512：电极
514：电极
LC：液晶层
S100、S110、S120：步骤
Vb：基极电压
VLC：LC施加电压
Vp：后电压
Vt：目标电压
具体实施方式
现在将详细参照本发明的实施例，所述实施例的实例在附图中予以说明。在任何可能的情况下，在附图及说明书中使用相同的参考编号来指代相同或类似的部件。
图1是表示列反转低频驱动方案的示意图。当液晶显示器(liquid crystaldisplay，LCD)、有机发光二极管(organic light emitting diode，OLED)显示器、无机发光二极管(light emitting diode，LED)显示器、或其他类型的显示器使用低频驱动方案来显示静态图像时，自所述显示器的源极驱动器输出的一种驱动波形被表示于图1中。也就是说，图1所示出的波形图为数据线(data line)上的驱动信号示意图。根据所述驱动波形，像素单元每6帧(也被称为刷新周期)被刷新一次，其中像素单元在第一帧中(也被称为充电周期)被充电，而在接下来的五帧中(也被称为暂停周期)不被充电。电荷脉冲(电压信号或电流信号)的极性在每一刷新周期中被反转。因此，显示器可通过降低驱动频率(在图1中，驱动频率为10Hz)而在显示静态图像时节省电力。
图2是示出在图1所示的低频驱动方案下，在刷新周期期间像素电压变化的示意图。当以每秒60帧驱动显示器时，100毫秒(millisecond，ms)等于6帧。因此，图2示出在图1所示刷新周期期间的像素电压变化。此处，在将数据写入像素单元时，将n-信道(n-信道金属氧化物半导体(NMOS))薄膜晶体管(TFT)连接至像素单元以控制时序。在所述刷新周期期间，针对n-通道薄膜晶体管的栅极端子施加以负电压以保持像素电压。然而，像素电压仍因在n-通道薄膜晶体管的栅极与通道之间的漏电流而缓慢降低。因此，在快速充电至所需的像素电压之后，像素单元在刷新周期期间持续降低其像素电压。如图2所示，在刷新周期期间，正的像素电压与负的像素电压两者均降低(自高至低)。在时间100ms(下一刷新周期的开始)处，正的像素电压快速变为负的，且负的像素电压快速变为正的。
图2仅示出像素电压变化，但液晶分子的定向是受像素单元两端的电压影响而非只有像素电压的控制。因此，应分析像素单元两端的电压变化。像素单元两端的电压(也可以说是对液晶分子(liquid crystal，LC)LC施加电压VLC)是像素电压与共享电压(commonvoltage)之差的绝对值。因此，可自图2轻易地获得像素单元两端的像素电压变化。图3是示出在图1所示的低频驱动下，在刷新周期期间像素单元两端的电压变化图。如图3中所示，当像素电压为正时，对LC施加的电压VLC在刷新周期期间由于漏电流而缓慢降低，并在时间100ms处由于电荷脉冲信号而快速自低增加至高。另一方面，当像素电压为负的时，对LC施加的电压VLC在刷新周期期间由于漏电流而缓慢升高，并在时间100ms处由于电荷脉冲信号而快速自高降低至低。
接下来，分析在图1所示的低频驱动方案下，在刷新周期期间像素单元的光强度。图4是示出在图1所示的低频驱动方案下，在刷新周期期间像素单元的光强度变化图。像素单元的光强度受液晶分子的定向控制，且液晶分子的定向受对LC施加的电压VLC产生的电场的控制。在此实例中，光强度随着电压VLC的绝对值升高变得较高且随着电压VLC的绝对值降低变得较低。因此，当像素电压是负时，光强度在刷新周期的开始处因如图3所示在100ms时对LC施加电压VLC的绝对值由高至低急剧下降。然后像素电压被更新为正，此时光强度的下降速度因对LC施加的电压VLC逐渐降低而变得较慢(像素电压为正时，因晶体管的漏电流而导致像素电压缓慢降低)。另一方面，当像素电压是正时，光强度在刷新周期的开始处因如图3所示在100ms时对LC施加电压VLC的绝对值由低至高而急剧上升。然后像素电压被更新为负，此时光强度的上升速度因对LC施加电压VLC的绝对值逐渐升高而变得较慢(像素电压为负时，因晶体管的漏电流导致像素电缓慢变低，而取绝对值后于像素两侧的跨压则缓慢增大)。
然而，正的像素电压与负的电压下，光强度曲线是不对称的，这是因为液晶分子LC对施加电压VLC的响应特性不是线性的。特别而言，对LC施加的电压VLC由低至高比LC施加电压VLC的由高至低更快地使光强度发生变化。因此，正的像素电压与负的像素电压下的光强度曲线的平均曲线如图4所示具有纹波(ripple)。所述纹波引起光强度的相当大的变化，且此变化导致可见的闪烁。
图5A是示出根据本发明实施例的显示器所示出的示意图。图5B是根据本发明的实施例，示出图5A中所示出像素单元的示意图。图6是根据本发明的实施例，以列反转示出低频驱动方案的图。也就是说，图6所示出的波型图为数据线上的信号波型图。在所述实施例中，显示器500包括至少一个像素单元510(子像素或像素)。像素单元510是通过在一对电极512与514之间夹置液晶层LC而形成。在图6中，像素单元510每6帧刷新一次。因此，刷新周期相同于图1所示出的现有低频驱动方案。然而，在每一刷新周期中存在至少两个充电周期。如图6所示，刷新周期包括第一周期、第二周期及第三周期。第一周期及第二周期充当两个充电周期，且第三周期充当暂停周期。在所述实施例中，第三周期长于第一周期，且第三周期长于第二周期。第三周期持续多个帧，例如4帧。
在所述实施例中，像素单元耦接于数据线，且数据线上的驱动信号在第一周期时为Vt、在第二周期时为Vp，而在第三周期时为Vb。也就是说，像素单元510在第一周期中由目标电压Vt进行充电，然后在第二周期中由后电压Vp进行充电。像素单元510在第三周期中停止对所述像素单元进行充电直至下一第一周期。在所述实施例中，后电压Vp介于目标电压Vt与基极电压Vb之间。电荷脉冲的极性在每一刷新周期中反转。在所述实施例中，目标电压Vt在正极性状态中大于基极电压Vb，且目标电压Vt在负极性状态中小于基极电压Vb。目标电压Vt在两个相邻的第二周期中具有相反的极性。每一后电压Vp对应于不同的目标电压Vt。此外，目标电压Vt可大于后电压Vp或小于后电压Vp，但本发明并非仅限于此。在实施例中，目标电压Vt可等于后电压Vp。
图7是示出在图6所示的低频驱动方案下，在刷新周期期间的像素电压变化的图。在所述实施例的两次充电方案下，像素电压为正时的光强度曲线与像素电压为负的光强度曲线可被调整为基本上彼此对称。如图7所示，当像素电压为正时后电压是+2.04V，且当像素电压为负时后电压是-2.01V。当像素电压为正时目标电压被设定为+2.06V，且当像素电压为负时目标电压被设定为-2.04V。通过分别对正的目标电压与负的目标电压设定具有不同幅值的目标电压，负的像素电压下的光强度曲线与正的像素电压下的光强度曲线被调整至不同程度。在所述实施例中，相比于正的像素电压下的光强度曲线的斜率，负的像素电压下的光强度曲线的斜率在前两帧处变缓。因此，正的像素电压下的光强度曲线与负的像素电压下的光强度曲线接近对称，使得两个光强度曲线的平均曲线相比于在如图1所示出的现有驱动方案下产生的平均曲线具有较小的纹波。较小的纹波使光强度产生小的变化，且此变化导致处于不可见水平的闪烁。
图8是根据本发明的实施例，示出由低频驱动方案及常规驱动方案驱动的液晶的亮度变化的图。自图8可看出，由低频驱动方案驱动的液晶的亮度变化相同于由常规驱动方案驱动的液晶的亮度变化，且光强度不会损失。
根据示例性实施例，当液晶显示器正通过本发明的低频驱动方案显示静态图像时，可见闪烁减少且光强度提高，使得图像质量提高。本发明的低频驱动方案尤其适用于低-中灰度级静态图像。由于在低-中灰度级中闪烁更为严重，因此所述提高更为明显。
图9是根据本发明的实施例，以列反转示出低频驱动方案的示意图。也就是说，图9所示出的波型图为数据线上的信号波型图。参照图6及图9，所述实施例的低频驱动方案类似于图9中所示者。两者之间的主要不同例如在于在第一周期与第二周期之间可具有暂停周期。在所述实施例中，由于充电次数是两次以及充电时间的长度及电压的幅值，功率消耗相同于图6中所示者。
此外，在图6至图8中说明的实施例中充分教示、提出并实施了在本发明的实施例中阐述的低频驱动方案，因此本文中不再对其予以赘述。
图10是示出根据本发明的实施例的一种用于液晶显示器的驱动方法的图。参照图5A至图6以及图10，所述实施例的驱动方法至少适用于图5A及图5B中示出的显示器500，但本发明并非仅限于此。在步骤S100中，在第一周期中以目标电压Vt对像素单元510进行充电。在步骤S110中，在第一周期后的第二周期中，以后电压Vp对像素单元510进行充电。在步骤S120中，在第二周期后的第三周期中，停止对像素单元510进行充电直至下一第一周期。在所述实施例中，重复自第一周期开始至第三周期以连续刷新静态图像，且后电压Vp介于目标电压Vt与基极电压Vb之间。
此外，在图6至图9中说明的实施例中充分教示、提出并实施了在本发明的此实施例中阐述的驱动方法，因此本文中不再对其予以赘述。
上述实施例公开了两次(two-time)充电方案，但在每一刷新周期期间像素电压的充电次数并非仅限于2。在用于充入后电压的帧之前，可存在用于充入目标电压的多于一个帧。此外，本发明的低频驱动方案仅在充电电压的极性反转时进行。液晶显示器的反转类型并非仅限于列反转，且本发明的低频驱动方案也适用于点反转、行反转、帧反转等。
在本发明的驱动方案中，在一个刷新周期期间，对像素单元至少充电两次。目标电压是施加至像素单元以输出欲显示的灰度级的灰度级电压。后电压不同于灰度级电压。本发明的低频驱动方案可被视为一种过驱动(overdrive)方案，但两者之间存在若干具体不同之处。
首先，过驱动方案用来缩短液晶分子的响应时间，因此过驱动电压的幅值总是大于目标电压。然而，在本发明的驱动方案中，如在前述段落中所阐述，目标电压可大于或小于后电压。如图7中所示，正的目标电压的目标电压(2.06V)大于后电压(2.04V)，且负的目标电压的目标电压(-2.04V)小于后电压(-2.01V)。
此外，由于过驱动方案的目的是缩短液晶分子的响应时间，因此过充电周期及常规充电周期一般短于1帧。然而，本发明的驱动方案使用至少一个帧用于充入目标电压并使用一个帧用于充入后电压。因此，本发明的驱动方案比过驱动方案具有更长的充电周期。
最后，仅在液晶显示器显示静态图像时应用本发明的低频驱动方案。当显示静态图像时，每一像素的输入数据不变，因此灰度级被刷新至同一灰度级。由于灰度级不变，因此液晶分子的定向也不变。因此，在过驱动方案下，没有必要缩短液晶分子的响应时间，因此当灰度级不变时过充电电压等于目标电压。另一方面，在本发明的低频驱动方案中，即使灰度级不变，目标电压仍不同于后电压。
鉴于以上说明，本发明的驱动方案实质上不同于过驱动方案。
对于所属领域中的技术人员将显而易见的是，在不背离本发明的范围或精神的条件下，可对本发明的结构作出各种修改及变化。鉴于上述说明，若本发明的修改及变化落于上述权利要求书及其等效形式的范围内，则旨在使本发明涵盖所述修改及变化。

Claims (10)

1.一种显示器，其特征在于，包括：
像素单元，
其中当所述显示器显示静态图像时，所述像素单元在刷新周期被刷新，其中所述刷新周期包括第一周期、第二周期以及第三周期，
其中在所述第一周期中，所述像素单元由目标电压充电；
在所述第二周期中，所述像素单元由后电压充电；且
在所述第三周期中，停止对所述像素单元进行充电，
其中所述后电压介于所述目标电压与所述基极电压之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示器，其特征在于，所述第三周期长于所述第一周期，所述第三周期长于所述第二周期，且所述第三周期持续多个帧。
3.根据权利要求1所述的显示器，其特征在于，所述目标电压在正极性状态中大于所述基极电压，且所述目标电压在负极性状态中小于所述基极电压。
4.根据权利要求1所述的显示器，其特征在于，所述目标电压在两个相邻的所述第二周期中具有相反的极性。
5.根据权利要求1所述的显示器，其特征在于，所述第一周期与所述第二周期之间有不充电的帧存在。
6.一种用于包括像素单元的显示器的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述驱动方法包括：
在第一周期中，以目标电压对所述像素单元进行充电；
在所述第一周期后的第二周期中，以后电压对所述像素单元进行充电；以及
在所述第二周期后的第三周期中，停止对所述像素单元进行充电，
其中重复自所述第一周期开始至所述第三周期，且所述后电压介于所述目标电压与所述基极电压之间。
7.根据权利要求6所述的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述第三周期长于所述第一周期，所述第三周期长于所述第二周期，且所述第三周期持续多个帧。
8.根据权利要求6所述的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述目标电压在正极性状态中大于所述基极电压，且所述目标电压在负极性状态中小于所述基极电压。
9.根据权利要求6所述的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述目标电压在两个相邻的所述第二周期中具有相反的极性。
10.根据权利要求6所述的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述第一周期与所述第二周期之间有不充电的帧存在。
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