CN107570546B - Multifunctional extrusion die structure and method - Google Patents
Multifunctional extrusion die structure and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107570546B CN107570546B CN201710970569.4A CN201710970569A CN107570546B CN 107570546 B CN107570546 B CN 107570546B CN 201710970569 A CN201710970569 A CN 201710970569A CN 107570546 B CN107570546 B CN 107570546B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional extrusion die structure and a method, which solve the problem that volume distribution and interface performance cannot be regulated in the prior art, have the beneficial effects of flexibly regulating and controlling technical parameters such as material volume distribution, solid state welding conditions, cross-section shape of an extrusion product and the like, can be used for manufacturing various composite bars, plates and hollow sections, and have the following scheme: the die structure comprises a porous disc, wherein an opening for accommodating the container is arranged in the porous disc; the container is internally provided with a cavity, and the bottom of the cavity is hollow; the extrusion rod is used for extruding raw materials in the container; the first die is arranged below the porous disc; the second die is arranged below the first die in a height-adjustable manner, and the first die and the second die are both arranged in a hollow manner; the third die is arranged below the second die, and a working belt is arranged in the third die; the mold core is arranged in the center of the three molds and comprises a forming module for forming the hollow section.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multifunctional extrusion die for extrusion forming of light alloy profiles, in particular to a multifunctional extrusion die structure and a method.
Background
The composite material components complement each other in performance, so that the advantages of various materials can be fully exerted, and the composite material components become the focus of attention of modern industry. At present, solid state welding techniques such as friction stir welding, linear friction welding, diffusion welding and ultrasonic welding are important methods for manufacturing composite material components (such as composite plates, bars and hollow components composed of various materials such as aluminum lithium alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy and the like). In the manufacture of composite components using solid state welding techniques, the mechanical properties of the welded joint often decrease due to the presence of contaminants or oxides on the surface to be welded and the presence of voids, slag inclusions and softened areas in the weld zone.
The hot extrusion process can combine plastic forming and solid state welding techniques into one body for manufacturing composite plates, bars and hollow profiles of various materials. Compared with the solid state welding technology, the hot extrusion technology can obviously shorten the production period of the product. At present, a common method for preparing composite plates and bars by adopting a hot extrusion forming process is to manufacture extrusion blanks into composite blanks, and then extruding the composite blanks into products. The method can not eliminate pollutants or oxides on the internal interface of the composite blank, so that the quality of the final extrusion product can not be ensured; or the preparation process of the composite blank is complex, and the process parameters are difficult to regulate and control. The adoption of the multi-blank extrusion technology is an ideal method for manufacturing the components such as composite metal plates, bars, hollow sections and the like, but the current adoption of the multi-blank extrusion technology for manufacturing the composite material components still faces three technical problems: firstly, because of the difference of rheological stress of different materials, the rheological behavior of the materials is more complex and difficult to regulate and control, so that the shape and the distribution position of the welding seam of the composite material member are difficult to ensure; secondly, the extrusion welding of the composite material member is difficult to realize due to the differences of melting points, heat conductivities, linear expansion coefficients, ductility, crystal structures, lattice constants and the like of different materials, so that the welding interface performance of the composite material member is difficult to ensure; thirdly, intermetallic compounds are easy to form at the welding interface of the composite material structure, the type and structure of the intermetallic compounds at the welding interface can be influenced by the difference of solid state welding time and temperature and the difference of metal chemical components at two sides of the welding interface, so that the interface structure and performance of the composite material profile are extremely complex to regulate and control in the extrusion process of the composite material profile. From the above analysis, in the process of preparing a composite material member by adopting a multi-blank extrusion process, volume distribution of various materials, extrusion welding mechanism and interface performance regulation of different materials are key technical problems to be solved urgently, and are focuses of common attention of numerous engineering technicians and researchers. At present, a multifunctional extrusion die and a method for flexibly regulating and controlling technical parameters such as volume distribution, solid state welding conditions, cross-sectional shape of an extrusion product and the like of various materials, and being suitable for manufacturing composite hollow profiles, bars and plates and researching extrusion welding mechanisms and interface properties of different materials are still lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional extrusion die structure which can flexibly regulate and control technical parameters such as volume distribution of each material, solid welding conditions, cross-sectional shape of an extrusion product and the like, and is particularly suitable for manufacturing composite hollow profiles, bars and plates and researching extrusion welding mechanism and interface performance of the same or different materials.
The specific scheme of the multifunctional extrusion die structure is as follows:
a multi-functional extrusion die structure comprising:
the container is internally provided with a cavity, the bottom of the cavity is hollow, and the volume distribution of each material can be regulated and controlled by adjusting the volume of the cavity;
the porous plate is internally provided with an opening for accommodating the container;
the extrusion rod is used for extruding raw materials in the container;
the first die is arranged below the porous disc;
the second die is arranged below the first die in a height-adjustable manner, and the first die and the second die are both arranged in a hollow manner;
the third die is arranged below the second die, and a working belt is arranged in the third die;
the mold core is arranged in the center of the three molds and comprises a forming module for forming the hollow section.
Because the porous plate is provided with a plurality of open holes, and the containers with different specifications can be placed in each open hole, the containers with different cavity volumes can be arranged according to requirements, and different materials are respectively arranged in the different containers, and the different volume distribution of the materials can be flexibly regulated and controlled.
The die core further comprises a distribution module for blocking metal flowing out of the container to limit the distribution position of the welding line on the cross section of the extruded section and a positioning module for adjusting the height of the die core, wherein the distribution module is arranged at the top of the die core, the positioning module is arranged between the distribution module and the forming module, and the distribution position of the welding line on the cross section of the extruded section can be limited by the distribution module.
The split-flow module comprises two split-flow long arms which are arranged in a crossing mode, and the outer end sides of the split-flow long arms are matched with the positioning grooves of the first die.
The mold core is connected with the porous disc through the fastener, the fastener is a bolt, the porous disc is a porous disc, and the opening is a conical hole so as to play a fastening role on the container, the container is a cone, and a cavity is formed in the middle of the container and is used for placing a blank, regulating and controlling the volume of the material and removing pollutants or oxides on the surface of the blank, so that fresh metal is obtained.
The second die comprises a plurality of layers of circular ring structures which are arranged up and down, a cylindrical welding cavity is formed in the second die and is used for generating solid welding and forming welding seams, and the height of the welding cavity can be quantitatively regulated and controlled through superposition or reduction of the circular ring structures, so that the quality of the welding seams formed by the solid welding is controlled.
The first mold, the second mold and the third mold are fixed with the porous plate by fasteners.
The container is a conical structural member, the outer surface of the container is matched with the opening in the porous plate, and the opening in the porous plate is also a conical hole.
The container cavity is provided with steps, and the steps in the cavity have a stopping effect on pollutants or oxides on the surface of the blank, so that fresh metal is exposed, and preparation is made for solid welding to form a firm welding line.
In order to ensure the fluidity of the material in the cavity, the contour line of the inner cavity at the lower outlet of the container is tangent to the contour line of the welding cavity in the second die.
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention also provides a using method of the extrusion die structure, which comprises the following steps:
1) Adjusting the heights of the second mould and the mould core;
2) The third die, the second die and the first die are sequentially arranged, and a die core is arranged in the three dies;
3) A porous plate is arranged at the upper part of the first die, a container is arranged in the porous plate, and a blank is placed in the container;
4) And extruding the blank through an extrusion rod in the container, and enabling the blank to enter a third die through the first die and the second die, and forming in a third die working band.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Through the arrangement of the whole structure, the hollow composite material can be used for manufacturing various composite hollow sections, bars and plates.
(2) By arranging the container, the existence of pollutants or oxides on the surface to be welded can be avoided, and the interface performance of the composite material is improved.
(3) Through the setting of container and porous dish, can place various different materials in the container, can regulate and control material volume distribution, can regulate and control the solid state seam condition through the setting of height-adjustable in the second mould, can regulate and control the distribution position of welding line on the extrusion section bar cross section through the setting of reposition of redundant personnel module in the mold core, guaranteed the seam interface performance.
(4) Can be used for researching the extrusion welding mechanism and interface performance of the same or different materials.
(5) The structure parameters of each part of the extrusion die can be regulated and controlled, the multifunctional combination is realized, the structure setting is simple, and the operation is convenient.
(6) The interface performance of the composite section can be regulated and controlled by adjusting the height of the die and the combination condition of the die cores, and hollow and solid composite sections can be prepared.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application.
Fig. 1 is an assembly view of an extrusion die structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view showing the distribution positions of key components of the extrusion die according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of a porous disc in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of a porous disk in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the mold core of the present invention taken along line A-A of FIG. 2.
In the figure: 1. round rod, porous disc, 3, container, 4, primitive bar, 5, bolt, 6, first mould, 7, second mould, 8, third mould, 9, bolt, 10, shunt module, 11, positioning module, 12, forming module, 13, extrusion profile, 14, welded cavity contour, 15, inner cavity contour at lower outlet of container.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
As described in the background art, the present application provides a multifunctional extrusion die structure and method for solving the above technical problems.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, a multi-functional extrusion die structure includes an extrusion rod such as a round rod 1, a porous disc 2, a container 3, a die core (composed of a split module 10, a positioning module 11 and a forming module 12), a first die 6, a second die 7 and a third die 8.
Fig. 2 is a top view showing the distribution positions of key components of the extrusion die, wherein the contour line 15 of the inner cavity at the lower outlet of the container 3 is tangential to the contour line 14 of the welding cavity in the second die 7; the split module 10 is fixed in the first mould 6; the extruded composite profile 13 is located directly below the diverter module 10.
The round rod 1 is cylindrical, and the outer diameter of the round rod is matched with the inner diameter of the container 3, so that blanks in the container 3 can be extruded.
Four conical holes, preferably 4 degrees, are formed in the porous disc 2, and are used for placing the container 3 and fastening the container 3.
The container 3 is a cone, the outer surface of the container is matched with the conical hole in the porous disc 2, a cavity and a step are arranged in the center of the container, and the cavity and the step are used for placing blanks and removing pollutants or oxides on the surfaces of the blanks, so that fresh metal is obtained, and the volume of the material is regulated. The blank placed in the container can prevent pollutants or oxides on the surface of the blank from entering the plastic deformation area through the steps in the container, so that the metal at the outlet of the container is fresh metal, and the pollutants or oxides can be effectively prevented from entering the cavity formed by the first die 6, the second die 7, the third die 8 and the die core, and preparation is made for solid welding to form a firm welding line. The size of the cavity inside the container 3 can be set to be different specifications according to the requirements, and the proportion of various materials in the extruded composite section can be effectively regulated and controlled by selecting the containers with different specifications. In addition, the shape of the cavity inside the container 3 can also be designed into a channel structure adopted by large plastic deformation, and the structure can be used for researching the process of solid state welding after the material is subjected to severe shearing action. Fig. 3 is a front view of a porous disc in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 4 is a top view of a porous disk of the present invention.
The mold core comprises a flow dividing module 10, a positioning module 11 and a forming module 12. The flow dividing module 10 is provided with four long arms, and the outermost ends of the long arms are matched with the positioning grooves in the first die 6 and are used for blocking metal flowing out of the container and limiting the distribution position of welding lines on the cross section of the extrusion section; the positioning module 11 is positioned between the flow dividing module 10 and the forming module 12, and when the height of the second die 7 is changed, the working belt of the forming module 12 and the working belt of the third die 8 can be ensured to be at the same height by using the positioning module 11 with the corresponding height; the forming module 12 is used for forming hollow profiles. The splitter module 10, the positioning module 11 and the forming module 12 are connected to the perforated disc 2 by bolts. When the solid profile is formed, the positioning module 11 and the forming module 12 are removed, and only the diversion module is reserved. The blocking design of the mold core provides convenience for manufacturing various composite hollow profiles or solid profiles. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the mold core of the present invention taken along line A-A of FIG. 2.
The first mould 6 has a height corresponding to the height of the splitter module 10 in the mould core and has a locating slot inside for locating the mould core.
The second die 7 is a multi-layer circular ring structure, and the inner cylindrical welding cavity is used for forming welding lines when solid welding occurs. By superposing or reducing the height of the welding cavity which can be quantitatively regulated and controlled through the circular ring structure, different welding pressures can be generated in the welding cavity, so that the quality of the welding seam of the solid state welding is controlled.
Inside the third mould 8 there is a working belt for shaping the profile.
The first mold 6, the second mold 7, and the third mold 8 are connected by bolts 5 and fixed to the porous disk 2.
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention also provides a using method of the extrusion die structure, which comprises the following steps:
1) Adjusting the heights of the second mould and the mould core;
2) The third die, the second die and the first die are sequentially arranged, and a die core is arranged in the three dies;
3) Arranging a porous plate at the upper part of the first die, arranging a container in the porous plate, and placing blanks of different material types in the container;
4) Extruding a blank in the container through an extrusion rod, and enabling the blank to enter a third die through a first die and a second die, and forming in a third die working band;
5) According to the shape, distribution position, welding interface performance and other conditions of the welding seam of the composite section obtained by extrusion, the volume of the cavity inside each container and the height of the second die and the die core are adjusted, so that the volume distribution and the interface performance of various composite materials are regulated and controlled; the extrusion of the composite solid profile (plate and bar) and the hollow profile and the regulation of the cross section size of the extruded profile can be realized by adjusting the combination form of the mold cores (retaining or removing the molding module) and adjusting the size of the molding module.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the same, but rather, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-functional extrusion die structure, comprising: the container is internally provided with a cavity, and the bottom of the cavity is hollow;
the porous plate is internally provided with an opening for accommodating the container;
the extrusion rod is used for extruding raw materials in the container;
the first die is arranged below the porous disc;
the second die is arranged below the first die in a height-adjustable manner, and the first die and the second die are both arranged in a hollow manner;
the third die is arranged below the second die, and a working belt is arranged in the third die;
the mold core is arranged at the center of the three molds and comprises a flow dividing module, a position adjusting module and a forming module; the distribution module is provided with four long arms, and the outermost ends of the long arms are matched with positioning grooves in the first die and are used for blocking metal flowing out of the container and limiting the distribution position of welding lines on the cross section of the extrusion section; the positioning module is positioned between the flow dividing module and the forming module, and when the height of the second die changes, the working belt of the forming module and the working belt of the third die can be ensured to be at the same height by using the positioning module with the corresponding height; the forming module is used for forming the hollow profile;
the flow dividing module is arranged at the top of the mold core;
the four long arms of the flow dividing module are arranged in a crossing mode.
2. The multi-purpose extrusion die structure as recited in claim 1 wherein said die core is connected to said porous plate by fasteners.
3. The multi-purpose extrusion die structure of claim 1 wherein said second die comprises a multi-layer annular structure disposed above and below.
4. The multi-purpose extrusion die structure as recited in claim 1 wherein said first die, second die and third die are secured to the porous plate by fasteners.
5. A multi-purpose extrusion die structure as recited in claim 1 wherein said receptacle is a conical structure having an outer surface that mates with the openings in the interior of the porous disc.
6. The multi-purpose extrusion die structure as recited in claim 5 wherein said container cavity is provided with steps.
7. The multi-purpose extrusion die structure of claim 1, wherein the contour of the cavity at the lower outlet of the container is tangential to the contour of the weld cavity in the second die.
8. The method of using an extrusion die structure according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized by the steps of:
1) Adjusting the heights of the second mould and the mould core;
2) The third die, the second die and the first die are sequentially arranged, and a die core is arranged in the three dies;
3) A porous plate is arranged at the upper part of the first die, a container is arranged in the porous plate, and a blank is placed in the container;
4) And extruding the blank through an extrusion rod in the container, and enabling the blank to enter a third die through the first die and the second die, and forming in a third die working band.
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| CN201710970569.4A CN107570546B (en) | 2017-10-18 | 2017-10-18 | Multifunctional extrusion die structure and method |
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| CN109877178A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-14 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of extrusion die and forming method of more dimensional thickness Mg-Al composite strips |
| CN111229852B (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-11-06 | 凯维思轻量化智能制造研究院(菏泽)有限公司 | Extrusion die, device and method for realizing bidirectional extrusion forming process |
| CN112427475B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-02-22 | 山东大学 | Flow distribution bridge with undulating surface, extrusion die, extrusion method and application |
| GB2609897B (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2024-05-08 | Imperial College Innovations Ltd | Apparatus and method for extruding wide profiles |
| CN114799931B (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-10-25 | 宁波固远管件有限公司 | Lining core cold extrusion processing technology |
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| DE3619005A1 (en) * | 1986-06-05 | 1987-12-10 | Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh | Apparatus for forming extrudable metallic or nonmetallic materials |
| CN2344107Y (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 1999-10-20 | 谢增厚 | New type aluminium alloy squeezing die |
| JP2002018514A (en) * | 2000-07-05 | 2002-01-22 | Yano Engineering:Kk | Extruding die for manufacturing hollow material and method of manufacturing for hollow material |
| CN2818004Y (en) * | 2005-06-16 | 2006-09-20 | 成都顿威新型金属材料有限公司 | Metal lithium-band assembled mould |
| EP2589443A4 (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2017-11-08 | Mitsubishi Aluminum Company Ltd. | Extrusion die device |
| CN103273186B (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2015-04-15 | 天津理工大学 | Working device for extruding miniature thin-wall multi-hole flat pipes by using multiple-step tower-shaped fishtail type core rod |
| CN104226706B (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2016-04-20 | 中国航天科技集团公司长征机械厂 | The screw type elasticity die holder that a kind of radial dimension is fine-tuning |
| CN105215113B (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-10-27 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | A kind of continuous recurvation Aluminum Alloy Tube pushes away o ing device and method |
| CN207238785U (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-04-17 | 山东大学 | A kind of Multifunctional extrusion mould structure |
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