CN207238785U - A kind of Multifunctional extrusion mould structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multifunctional extrusion die structure, which solves the problem that the volume distribution and interface performance cannot be adjusted and controlled in the prior art, and has the ability to flexibly adjust and control the material volume distribution, solid state welding conditions and the cross-sectional shape of the extruded product Beneficial effects of technical parameters such as , can be used to manufacture a variety of composite rods, plates and hollow profiles, the scheme is as follows: the mold structure includes a porous disc, and the porous disc is provided with openings for accommodating the container; the container, its There is a cavity inside, and the bottom of the cavity is hollow; the extrusion rod is used to extrude the raw material in the container; the first mold is set under the porous plate; the second mold is adjustable in height and set on the second Below the first mold, the first mold and the second mold are both hollowly set; the third mold is set under the second mold, and a working belt is arranged in the third mold; the mold core is set at the center of the three molds, and A mold core comprises a forming module for forming a hollow profile.

Description

A Multifunctional Extrusion Die Structure

technical field

The utility model relates to a multifunctional extrusion die used for extrusion forming of light alloy profiles, in particular to a multifunctional extrusion die structure.

Background technique

Composite components learn from each other in terms of performance and can give full play to the advantages of various materials, becoming the focus of modern industry. At present, solid-state welding technologies such as friction stir welding, linear friction welding, diffusion welding, and ultrasonic welding have become the most popular welding technologies for the manufacture of composite materials (such as aluminum-lithium alloys, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, copper alloys, etc.) , Hollow member) is an important method. In the process of manufacturing composite components by solid-state welding technology, the mechanical properties of welded joints are often reduced due to the presence of pollutants or oxides on the surfaces to be welded and the appearance of pores, slag inclusions, and softened areas in the weld area.

The hot extrusion process combines plastic forming and solid-state welding techniques for the manufacture of multi-material composite sheets, rods and hollow profiles. Compared with solid-state welding technology, the use of hot extrusion technology can significantly shorten the product production cycle. At present, the common method of preparing composite plates and rods by hot extrusion forming process is to manufacture extrusion billets into composite billets, and then form them into products by extrusion. This method either cannot eliminate the pollutants or oxides on the internal interface of the composite billet, so that the quality of the final extruded product cannot be guaranteed; or the preparation process of the composite billet is relatively complicated, and the control of process parameters is difficult. The multi-billet extrusion technology is an ideal method for manufacturing composite metal sheets, bars, and hollow profiles. However, at present, the multi-billet extrusion process still faces three technical problems in the manufacture of composite material components: First, due to different material flow Due to the difference of variable stress, the rheological behavior of materials is more complex and difficult to control, so it is difficult to guarantee the weld shape and distribution position of composite components; secondly, due to different material melting points, thermal conductivity, linear expansion coefficient, ductility, Due to the differences in structures and lattice constants, it is difficult to realize extrusion welding of composite material components, so it is difficult to guarantee the performance of the welding interface of composite material components; third, intermetallic compounds are easily formed at the welding interface of composite material structures, and solid-state welding Time and temperature, as well as the difference in the chemical composition of the metals on both sides of the welding interface will affect the type and structure of the intermetallic compound on the welding interface. Therefore, in the extrusion process of composite material profiles, it is extremely complicated to control the structure and properties of the composite material profile interface. . From the above analysis, it can be seen that in the process of preparing composite material components by multi-billet extrusion process, the volume distribution of multiple materials and the extrusion welding mechanism and interface performance control of dissimilar materials are key technical issues to be solved urgently. The common focus of technicians and researchers. At present, there is still a lack of a technical parameter that can flexibly control the volume distribution of each material, solid state welding conditions, and the cross-sectional shape of the extruded product, and is suitable for the manufacture of composite hollow profiles, rods and plates, and the extrusion welding of dissimilar materials. A multifunctional extrusion die and method based on combination mechanism and interfacial properties.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a multi-functional extrusion die structure, which can flexibly regulate technical parameters such as the volume distribution of each material, solid-state welding conditions, and the cross-sectional shape of the extruded product, and is especially suitable for It is used to manufacture composite hollow profiles, rods and plates, and to study the extrusion welding mechanism and interface properties of the same or dissimilar materials.

A specific scheme of a multifunctional extrusion die structure is as follows:

A multifunctional extrusion die structure comprising:

The container is provided with a cavity, and the bottom of the cavity is hollow, and the volume distribution of each material can be adjusted by adjusting the volume of the cavity;

a porous tray, the porous tray is provided with openings for accommodating the holder;

Extrusion rod, the extrusion rod is used to extrude the raw material in the container;

The first mold is arranged under the porous plate;

The second mold is adjustable in height and arranged below the first mold, and both the first mold and the second mold are hollow;

The third mold is arranged below the second mold, and a working belt is arranged in the third mold;

The mold core is arranged at the center of the three moulds, and the mold core includes a forming module for forming a hollow profile.

Because the perforated tray is equipped with multiple openings and containers of different specifications can be placed in each opening, containers with different cavity volumes can be set according to requirements, and different materials can be placed in different containers, which is flexible. Adjust and control the different volume distribution of materials. In this mold structure, the material enters the first mold and the second mold from the container under the action of the extrusion rod, and is shaped by the setting of the mold core. By adjusting the height of the second mold , which can control the solid state welding conditions such as material flow behavior, stress and strain state, welding pressure and welding time during the solid state welding process, and broaden the application range of the mold structure.

The mold core also includes a shunt module for blocking the metal flowing out of the container to limit the distribution position of the welding line on the cross-section of the extruded profile and a position adjustment module for adjusting the height of the mold core. The shunt module It is arranged on the top of the mold core, and the position adjustment module is arranged between the distribution module and the forming module. The distribution module can also limit the distribution position of the welding line on the cross-section of the extruded profile.

The distribution module includes two cross distribution long arms, and the outer ends of the distribution long arms cooperate with the positioning grooves of the first mould.

The mold core is connected to the porous disc through fasteners, the fasteners are bolts, the porous disc is a porous disc, and the opening is a tapered hole, so as to fasten the container, and the container is a cone There is a cavity in the middle of the body, which is used to place the blank, regulate the volume of the material, and remove the pollutants or oxides on the surface of the blank, so as to obtain fresh metal.

The second mold includes a multi-layer ring structure arranged up and down, inside of which is a cylindrical welding cavity for solid-state welding and forming a weld seam, through the superposition or reduction of the ring structure, the welding cavity can be quantitatively regulated height, thereby controlling the quality of the weld formed by solid state welding.

The first mold, the second mold and the third mold are fixed to the porous disc by fasteners.

The container is a conical structural member, the outer surface of which matches the openings inside the porous disc, and the openings inside the porous disc are also tapered holes.

The cavity of the container is provided with steps, and the steps in the cavity can prevent pollutants or oxides on the surface of the billet, thereby exposing fresh metal and preparing for solid welding to form a firm weld.

In order to ensure the fluidity of the material in the cavity, the contour line of the cavity at the lower outlet of the holder is tangent to the contour line of the welded cavity in the second mold.

The using method of described extrusion die structure, steps are as follows:

1) Adjust the height of the second mold and the mold core;

2) The third mold, the second mold and the first mold are arranged in sequence, and mold cores are set inside the three molds;

3) A porous plate is arranged on the upper part of the first mold, a holder is arranged in the porous disk, and a blank is placed in the holder;

4) Extrude the billet through the extruding rod in the container, and the billet enters the third die through the first die and the second die, and is formed in the working belt of the third die.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

(1) Through the setting of the whole structure, it can be used to manufacture a variety of composite hollow profiles, rods and plates.

(2) The presence of pollutants or oxides on the surface to be welded can be avoided through the setting of the container, and the interface performance of the composite material can be improved.

(3) Through the setting of the container and the porous plate, various materials can be placed in the container, and the volume distribution of the material can be adjusted. The solid state welding conditions can be adjusted through the adjustable height of the second mold. The setting of the shunt module in the core can adjust the distribution position of the welding line on the cross-section of the extruded profile, ensuring the performance of the welding interface.

(4) It can be used to study the extrusion welding mechanism and interface properties of the same or dissimilar materials.

(5) The structural parameters of each part of the extrusion die can be adjusted to realize multifunctional combination, and the structure is simple to set and easy to operate.

(6) By adjusting the height of the mold and the combination of the mold core, the interface properties of the composite profile can be adjusted, and hollow and solid composite profiles can be prepared.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitations to the present application.

Fig. 1 is the assembly drawing of the extrusion die structure that the utility model proposes.

Fig. 2 is a top view of distribution positions of key components of the extrusion die proposed by the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the porous disc in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a top view of the porous disc in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the mold core in Fig. 2 along A-A in Fig. 2 .

In the figure: 1. round rod, 2. porous disc, 3. feeder, 4. original bar, 5. bolt, 6. first mold, 7. second mold, 8. third mold, 9. Bolt, 10. Diverting module, 11. Adjusting module, 12. Forming module, 13. Extrusion profile, 14. Welding cavity contour line, 15. Inner cavity contour line at the lower outlet of the feeder.

Detailed ways

It should be pointed out that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation to the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

It should be noted that the terminology used here is only for describing specific implementations, and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they mean There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof.

As introduced in the background technology, there are deficiencies in the prior art. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a multifunctional extrusion die structure.

In a kind of typical implementation of the present application, as shown in Figure 1, a kind of multifunctional extrusion die structure comprises extruding rod such as round bar 1, porous disk 2, feeder 3, die core (by shunt Module 10, adjustment module 11 and forming module 12), first mold 6, second mold 7 and third mold 8.

Fig. 2 is the top view of the distribution position of the key components of the extrusion die proposed by the utility model, the inner cavity outline 15 at the lower outlet of the feeder 3 is tangent to the welded cavity outline 14 in the second mold 7; the diverter module 10 is fixed In the first die 6 ; the extruded composite material profile 13 is located directly below the distribution module 10 .

The round rod 1 is cylindrical, and its outer diameter matches the inner diameter of the feeder 3 for extruding the blank in the feeder 3 .

There are four tapered holes inside the porous disk 2 , the taper is preferably 4°, which are used to place the holder 3 and to fasten the holder 3 .

The container 3 is a cone whose outer surface matches the inner tapered hole of the porous disc 2. There are cavities and steps in the center of the inner part for placing blanks and removing pollutants or oxides on the surface of the blanks, so as to obtain fresh metal and Control material volume. The billet placed in the holder passes through the steps inside the holder to prevent the pollutants or oxides on the surface of the billet from entering the plastic deformation zone, so that the metal at the outlet of the holder is fresh metal, thereby effectively avoiding pollutants or oxides Enter the cavity formed by the first mold 6, the second mold 7, the third mold 8 and the mold core to prepare for solid welding to form a firm weld. The size of the inner cavity of the feeder 3 can be set to different specifications according to needs, and the proportion of various materials in the extruded composite profile can be effectively regulated by selecting the feeder with different specifications. In addition, the shape of the inner cavity of the container 3 can also be designed as a channel structure for large plastic deformation, which can be used to study the process of solid-state welding of materials after severe shearing. Fig. 3 is a front view of the porous disc of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a top view of the porous disc of the present invention.

The mold core includes a splitting module 10 , a positioning module 11 and a forming module 12 . There are four long arms in the diversion module 10, and the outermost ends of the long arms cooperate with the positioning grooves in the first mold 6 to block the metal flowing out from the container and to limit the welding line on the cross-section of the extruded profile distribution position; the positioning module 11 is located between the splitting module 10 and the forming module 12, and when the height of the second mold 7 changes, by using the positioning module 11 of the corresponding height, the alignment of the forming module 12 and the third mold 8 can be ensured. The working belts are at the same level; the forming modules 12 are used for forming hollow profiles. The splitting module 10, the positioning module 11 and the forming module 12 are connected to the porous disk 2 by bolts. When forming a solid profile, the positioning module 11 and the forming module 12 are removed, and only the splitting module remains. The block design of the mold core provides convenience for the manufacture of various composite hollow profiles or solid profiles. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the mold core of the present invention along A-A in Fig. 2 .

The height of the first mold 6 is consistent with the height of the distribution module 10 in the mold core, and there is a positioning groove inside it for positioning the mold core.

The second mold 7 is a multi-layer ring structure, and its inner cylindrical welding cavity is used to form a welding seam when solid-state welding occurs. By superimposing or reducing the height of the welding cavity, which can be quantitatively adjusted, different welding pressures can be generated in the welding cavity, thereby controlling the quality of the weld seam of solid state welding.

Inside the third mold 8 there is a working belt for shaping the profile.

The first mold 6 , the second mold 7 and the third mold 8 are connected by bolts 5 and fixed on the porous disc 2 .

The using method of described extrusion die structure, steps are as follows:

1) Adjust the height of the second mold and the mold core;

2) The third mold, the second mold and the first mold are arranged in sequence, and mold cores are set inside the three molds;

3) A porous plate is arranged on the upper part of the first mold, a holder is arranged in the porous disk, and blanks of different material types are placed in the holder;

4) extruding the billet through the extrusion rod in the feeder, the billet enters the third die through the first die and the second die, and is formed in the working belt of the third die;

5) Adjust the volume of the inner cavity of each container and the height of the second mold and the mold core according to the appearance, distribution position and welding interface performance of the composite profile obtained by extrusion, so as to control the thickness of various composite materials. Volume distribution and interface properties; by adjusting the combined form of the core (retaining or removing the molding module) and adjusting the size of the molding module, the extrusion of solid profiles (plates and rods) and hollow profiles of composite materials and the cross-sectional size of the extruded profiles can be realized regulation.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, there may be various modifications and changes in the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims (9)

1. A multi-functional extrusion die structure, characterized in that it comprises: a feeder, which is provided with a cavity, and the bottom of the cavity is hollow; a porous tray, the porous tray is provided with openings for accommodating the holder; Extrusion rod, the extrusion rod is used to extrude the raw material in the container; The first mold is arranged under the porous plate; The second mold is adjustable in height and arranged below the first mold, and both the first mold and the second mold are hollow; The third mold is arranged below the second mold, and a working belt is arranged in the third mold; The mold core is arranged at the center of the three moulds, and the mold core includes a forming module for forming a hollow profile. 2. A multi-functional extrusion die structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, said mold core also includes metal for blocking the outflow from the container so as to limit the welding line in the transverse direction of the extruded profile. The distribution modules on the cross-section and the position adjustment module for adjusting the height of the mold core, the distribution module is arranged on the top of the mold core, and the position adjustment module is arranged between the flow distribution module and the forming module. 3 . The multi-functional extrusion die structure according to claim 2 , wherein the flow distribution module includes two cross flow distribution long arms, and the outer ends of the flow distribution long arms cooperate with the positioning grooves of the first mold. 4 . 4. A multi-functional extrusion die structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the mold core is connected to the porous disc through fasteners. 5. The multi-functional extrusion die structure according to claim 1, wherein the second die comprises a multi-layer ring structure arranged up and down. 6. A multi-functional extrusion die structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first die, the second die and the third die are fixed to the porous plate by fasteners. 7. A multi-functional extrusion die structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the container is a conical structural member whose outer surface fits with the openings inside the porous disc. 8. A multi-functional extrusion die structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the cavity of the container is provided with steps. 9. A multifunctional extrusion die structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the outline of the inner cavity at the lower outlet of the container is tangent to the outline of the welded cavity in the second mold.