CN107560481A - 焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置用直翅片及取热装置 - Google Patents

焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置用直翅片及取热装置 Download PDF

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CN107560481A
CN107560481A CN201710820063.5A CN201710820063A CN107560481A CN 107560481 A CN107560481 A CN 107560481A CN 201710820063 A CN201710820063 A CN 201710820063A CN 107560481 A CN107560481 A CN 107560481A
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coke oven
straight fins
waste heat
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gas
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CN107560481B (zh
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刘小平
陆建宁
李菊香
董人和
杨桂兰
郑璇
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Nanjing Huadian Energy Saving And Environmental Protection Co ltd
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NANJING HUADIAN ENERGY-SAVING AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT Co Ltd
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Priority to US16/342,971 priority Critical patent/US10760001B2/en
Priority to JP2019520891A priority patent/JP6710425B2/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2017/102248 priority patent/WO2018076964A1/zh
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B27/00—Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B9/00—Steam boilers of fire-tube type, i.e. the flue gas from a combustion chamber outside the boiler body flowing through tubes built-in in the boiler body
    • F22B9/02—Steam boilers of fire-tube type, i.e. the flue gas from a combustion chamber outside the boiler body flowing through tubes built-in in the boiler body the boiler body being disposed upright, e.g. above the combustion chamber
    • F22B9/04—Steam boilers of fire-tube type, i.e. the flue gas from a combustion chamber outside the boiler body flowing through tubes built-in in the boiler body the boiler body being disposed upright, e.g. above the combustion chamber the fire tubes being in upright arrangement
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B3/00—Coke ovens with vertical chambers
    • C10B3/02—Coke ovens with vertical chambers with heat-exchange devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B27/00—Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases
    • C10B27/06—Conduit details, e.g. valves
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B41/00—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke
    • C10B41/08—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke for the withdrawal of the distillation gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1869—Hot gas water tube boilers not provided for in F22B1/1807 - F22B1/1861
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/101—Tubes having fins or ribs
    • F22B37/103—Internally ribbed tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B9/00—Steam boilers of fire-tube type, i.e. the flue gas from a combustion chamber outside the boiler body flowing through tubes built-in in the boiler body
    • F22B9/18—Component parts thereof; Accessories therefor, e.g. stay-bolt connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/06—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits forming part of, or being attached to, the tank containing the body of fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/106—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically consisting of two coaxial conduits or modules of two coaxial conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/40—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/022—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being wires or pins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
    • F27D2017/006—Systems for reclaiming waste heat using a boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0056—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for ovens or furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/08—Fins with openings, e.g. louvers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置用直翅片，包括直翅片本体(1)和设于直翅片本体(1)上的一组V形切口(2)；所述V形切口(2)的深度h小于直翅片本体(1)的宽度H；在直翅片本体(1)纵向方向上，相邻V形切口(2)的间距自下而上增大。本发明还提供了包括上述直翅片的取热装置和发电装置。该直翅片结构简单、成本低廉、使用方便，大大强化了荒煤气侧的传热性能，提高了壁面温度；同时，V形切口在直翅片顶端的宽度、角度、及高度方向的间距根据装置使用时的温度场分布确定，使装置使用时，翅片顶端的纵向膨胀量小于或等于切口宽度，高度方向的总体膨胀后仍使直翅片保持平整的矩形，不和内筒壁脱落，大大延长了使用寿命。

Description

焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置用直翅片及取热装置
技术领域
本发明属于属于锅炉设备技术领域，特别涉及一种焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置用直翅片，还涉及包括上述直翅片的焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置，还涉及包括上述直翅片的焦炉上升管余热锅炉发电装置。
背景技术
翅片是板翅式换热器的基本元件，板翅式换热器中的传热过程主要是通过翅片的热传导以及翅片与流体之间的对流换热来完成的。翅片为二次换热面，不仅能起到扩大传热面积、提高换热器紧凑性和传热效率的作用，而且还有支撑芯体，提高换热器强度和承压能力的作用。
板翅式换热器作为一种高效、紧凑、轻巧的换热设备，已在石油化工、航空航天、电子、冶金和机械等领域得到广泛应用，并在利用热能、回收余热、节约原料、降低成本以及一些特殊用途上取得了显著的经济效益。板翅式换热器为高效紧凑的换热设备之一，其主要传热元件是板间的翅片，常用的翅片形式主要有：平直翅片、锯齿翅片、波纹翅片、百叶窗翅片、开缝翅片等。翅片的表面特性决定着整个换热器中的流体流动和传热特性，随着板翅式换热器应用范围的逐步扩大，对翅片性能提出了更高的要求，开发新型翅片的需求也越来越迫切。
焦炉能对煤炭做高温干馏处理，将其高效地转换为焦炭、焦炉煤气、煤焦油、粗苯等产物，是高效的能量转换窑炉。在焦炉支出热中，650℃-700℃荒煤气的带出热约占36％，具有极高的回收利用价值。
焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收装置中采用板式换热器可以大大提高热回收效率，然而在使用过程中，荒煤气在筒内自下而上流动，取热介质在筒外也是自下而上流动，呈顺流方式。对于流经荒煤气的筒壁而言，下部由于同时受到炉膛辐射传热的影响，下部的温度明显高于上部，因而直翅片同样也为下部的温度明显高于上部，同时，在同一个高度位置上，直翅片顶端的温度又高于直翅片根部处的温度。如果将常规的长方形薄板结构的直翅片直接焊接于荒煤气通道的筒壁，对每个直翅片的顶端，下部的受热膨胀率大于上部，同时，在同一个高度位置上，翅片顶端的受热膨胀率大于根部，因此，对于整个直翅片而言会出现较为复杂的、处处不一样的膨胀情况，且与筒壁不一致，最终会出现直翅片与筒壁的焊缝因被撕裂而脱开，使得直翅片的传热面积失效。
发明内容
技术问题：为了解决现有技术的缺陷，本发明提供了一种焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置用直翅片，还提供了该直翅片的应用。
技术方案：本发明提供的焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置用直翅片，包括直翅片本体(1)和设于直翅片本体(1)上的一组V形切口(2)；所述V形切口(2)的深度h小于直翅片本体(1)的宽度H；在直翅片本体(1)纵向方向上，相邻V形切口(2)的间距自下而上增大。V形切口在直翅片顶端的宽度、角度、及高度方向的间距根据装置使用时的温度场分布确定，使装置使用时，翅片顶端的纵向膨胀量小于或等于切口宽度，高度方向的总体膨胀后仍使直翅片保持平整的矩形，不和内筒壁脱落。
作为改进，在直翅片本体(1)纵向方向上，所述一组V形切口(2)自下而上依次编号为Q1至Qn-1；Q1至直翅片本体(1)底端的间距为L1，相邻V形切口(2)的间距自下而上为L2至Ln-1，Qn-1至顶端的间距为Ln；L1至Ln数值增大。
作为进一步改进，L1至Ln基本组成等差数列。
作为另一种改进，所述一组V形切口(2)的开口角度θ相等，所述一组V形切口(2)的深度h相等。
本发明还提供了一种焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置，包括上述的直翅片。
作为改进，所述焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置包括荒煤气管道(11)、换热管(12)、一组权利要求1至4任一项所述的直翅片(13)；所述换热管(12)设于荒煤气管道(11)外壁上；所述一组直翅片(13)设于荒煤气管道(11)内壁上；所述荒煤气管道(11)的荒煤气进口上设有下法兰(14)、荒煤气出口上设有上法兰(15)；所述荒煤气管道(11)上部设有膨胀节(16)；所述换热管(12)下部设有取热介质进口(17)、上部设有取热介质出口(18)。
作为改进，所述一组直翅片(13)沿荒煤气管道(11)内壁间隔相同距离设置；所述一组直翅片(13)沿荒煤气管道(11)内壁垂直设置。
本发明还提供了一种焦炉上升管余热锅炉发电装置，包括上述的直翅片。
作为改进，包括余热锅炉(22)、热媒泵(23)、汽轮机(24)、水泵(25)、发电机(26)以及一组权利要求5所述的焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置(21)；余热锅炉(22)包括热煤管路和汽水循环管路；所述焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置(21)的取热介质出口(18)与余热锅炉(22)的热煤管路、热媒泵(23)依次连接，热媒泵(23)与各焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置(21)的取热介质进口(17)连接；所述余热锅炉(22)的汽水循环管路、汽轮机(24)和水泵(25)依次连接成环；所述发电机(26)与汽轮机(24)连接。
作为另一种改进，包括分布式上升管荒煤气蒸发器组(31)、分布式上升管荒煤气过热器组(32)、锅筒(34)、循环泵(35)、汽轮机(36)、给水泵(37)和发电机(38)；所述分布式上升管荒煤气蒸发器组(31)和分布式上升管荒煤气过热器组(32)分别独立的包括一组并联设置的焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置(33)；所述锅筒(34)上设有汽水混合物进口、饱和蒸汽出口管道、进水口、出水口；所述分布式上升管荒煤气蒸发器组(31)与锅筒(34)的汽水混合物进口连接；所述锅筒(34)的饱和蒸汽出口管道、分布式上升管荒煤气过热器组(32)、汽轮机(36)、给水泵(37)、锅筒(34)的进水口依次连接；所述锅筒(34)的出水口和循环泵(35)连接，所述循环泵(35)与分布式上升管荒煤气蒸发器组(31)连接；所述发电机(38)与汽轮机(36)连接。
有益效果：本发明提供的直翅片结构简单、成本低廉、使用方便，大大强化了荒煤气侧的传热性能，提高了壁面温度；同时，V形切口在直翅片顶端的宽度、角度、及高度方向的间距使装置使用时，翅片顶端的纵向膨胀量小于或等于切口宽度，高度方向的总体膨胀后仍使直翅片保持平整的矩形，不和内筒壁脱落，大大延长了使用寿命。
本发明提供的直翅片并非常规的长方形薄板结构，而是根据传热计算和材料力学计算后的特殊结构：
(1)在直翅片上开有一定数量的V形切口，V形切口的开口端在直翅片的顶端，即暴露于荒煤气通道中；由于在同一个高度位置上，直翅片顶端的温度高于直翅片根部处的温度，因此顶端开口膨胀率大于根部，顶端开口逐渐封闭；同时，为了保持直翅片的完整性、连续性和平整性，V形切口的尖端离开直翅片根部(即与荒煤气通道焊接的直翅片边缘)一定的距离；各V形切口的角度θ及尖端离开直翅片根部的距离h相等；V形切口在直翅片顶端的宽度、角度、及高度方向的间距使装置使用时，翅片顶端的膨胀量小于或等于切口宽度，高度方向的总体膨胀后仍使直翅片保持平整的矩形，不和内筒壁脱落。
(2)在沿着高度方向上，下端温度相对较高，上端温度较低，因此，本发明V形切口的位置并非均等，而是下端较密上端较疏，各相邻V形切口间的净间距为按照一定规律(如基本的等差级数)排列。
附图说明
图1为本发明直翅片的结构示意图；
图2为本发明焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置的结构示意图；
图3为直翅片设置方法的结构示意图；
图4为实施例3的焦炉上升管余热锅炉发电装置的结构示意图；
图5为实施例4的焦炉上升管余热锅炉发电装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明作出进一步说明。
实施例1
焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置用直翅片，见图1，包括直翅片本体(1)和设于直翅片本体(1)上的一组V形切口(2)；所述V形切口(2)的深度h小于直翅片本体(1)的宽度H；在直翅片本体(1)纵向方向上，相邻V形切口(2)的间距自下而上增大。
在直翅片本体(1)纵向方向上，所述一组V形切口(2)自下而上依次编号为Q1至Qn-1；Q1至直翅片本体(1)底端的间距为L1，相邻V形切口(2)的间距自下而上为L2至Ln-1，Qn-1至顶端的间距为Ln；L1至Ln组成等差数列，可选地，L1至Ln数值增大均可以实现本发明的目的。
所述一组V形切口(2)的开口角度θ相等，所述一组V形切口(2)的深度h相等。
制备一批直翅片，参数见表1。
表1
实施例2
焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置，见图2，包括荒煤气管道(11)、换热管(12)、一组实施例1的直翅片(13)；所述换热管(12)设于荒煤气管道(11)外壁上；所述一组直翅片(13)设于荒煤气管道(11)内壁上；所述荒煤气管道(11)的荒煤气进口上设有下法兰(14)、荒煤气出口上设有上法兰(15)；所述荒煤气管道(11)上部设有膨胀节(16)；所述换热管(12)下部设有取热介质进口(17)、上部设有取热介质出口(18)。
本发明中，所述一组直翅片(13)沿荒煤气管道(11)内壁间隔相同距离垂直设置，见图3；可选地，所述一组直翅片(13)沿荒煤气管道(11)内壁设置是否间隔相同距离或者是否垂直设置均可实现本发明的目的。
将实施例1的直翅片1至10分别安装于焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置，通入相同温度的荒煤气，测试荒煤气管道(11)入口温度T1、荒煤气管道(11)出口温度T2、直翅片不同高度(H1)的宽度方向上的顶端温度T3、直翅片不同高度(H1)的宽度方向上的底端温度T4，结果见表2。
表2
实施例3
焦炉上升管余热锅炉发电装置，见图4，包括余热锅炉(22)、热媒泵(23)、汽轮机(24)、水泵(25)、发电机(26)以及一组实施例2的焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置(21)；余热锅炉(22)包括热煤管路和汽水循环管路；所述焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置(21)的取热介质出口(18)与余热锅炉(22)的热煤管路、热媒泵(23)依次连接，热媒泵(23)与各焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置(21)的取热介质进口(17)连接；所述余热锅炉(22)的汽水循环管路、汽轮机(24)和水泵(25)依次连接成环；所述发电机(26)与汽轮机(24)连接。
以130万吨/年焦化为例，荒煤气温度为800℃，目前，经喷氨水降温至70℃。
对其改造，利用本热媒循环式焦炉上升管余热锅炉发电装置(包括直翅片1)，可回收荒煤气余热，产2.0MPa、250℃过热蒸汽达12.3万吨/年，将此蒸汽接入发电系统，年发电量达2000万kWH，经济效益显著。
实施例4
焦炉上升管余热锅炉发电装置，见图5，包括分布式上升管荒煤气蒸发器组(31)、分布式上升管荒煤气过热器组(32)、锅筒(34)、循环泵(35)、汽轮机(36)、给水泵(37)和发电机(38)；所述分布式上升管荒煤气蒸发器组(31)和分布式上升管荒煤气过热器组(32)分别独立的包括一组并联设置的实施例2的焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置(33)；所述锅筒(34)上设有汽水混合物进口、饱和蒸汽出口管道、进水口、出水口；所述分布式上升管荒煤气蒸发器组(31)与锅筒(34)的汽水混合物进口连接；所述锅筒(34)的饱和蒸汽出口管道、分布式上升管荒煤气过热器组(32)、汽轮机(36)、给水泵(37)、锅筒(34)的进水口依次连接；所述锅筒(34)的出水口和循环泵(35)连接，所述循环泵(35)与分布式上升管荒煤气蒸发器组(31)连接；所述发电机(38)与汽轮机(36)连接。还包括补水管路(39)，所述补水管路(39)连接于汽轮机(36)和给水泵(37)之间。
以100万吨/年焦化为例，荒煤气温度为750℃，目前，经喷氨水降温至70℃。
对其改造，利用本直流式焦炉上升管余热锅炉发电装置(包括直翅片1)，回收荒煤气余热，可产0.8MPa饱和蒸汽达9～12万吨/年，或3.82MPa、300℃过热蒸汽8～10万吨/年，将此蒸汽接入发电系统，年发电量达1500万kWH，经济效益显著。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。

Claims (10)

1.焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置用直翅片，其特征在于：包括直翅片本体(1)和设于直翅片本体(1)上的一组V形切口(2)；所述V形切口(2)的深度h小于直翅片本体(1)的宽度H；在直翅片本体(1)纵向方向上，相邻V形切口(2)的间距自下而上增大。
2.根据权利要求1所述的焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置用直翅片，其特征在于：在直翅片本体(1)纵向方向上，所述一组V形切口(2)自下而上依次编号为Q1至Qn-1；Q1至直翅片本体(1)底端的间距为L1，相邻V形切口(2)的间距自下而上为L2至Ln-1，Qn-1至顶端的间距为Ln；L1至Ln数值增大。
3.根据权利要求2所述的焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置用直翅片，其特征在于：L1至Ln基本组成等差数列。
4.根据权利要求1所述的焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置用直翅片，其特征在于：所述一组V形切口(2)的开口角度θ相等，所述一组V形切口(2)的深度h相等。
5.一种焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置，其特征在于：包括权利要求1至4任一项所述的直翅片。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置，其特征在于：包括荒煤气管道(11)、换热管(12)、一组权利要求1至4任一项所述的直翅片(13)；所述换热管(12)设于荒煤气管道(11)外壁上；所述一组直翅片(13)设于荒煤气管道(11)内壁上；所述荒煤气管道(11)的荒煤气进口上设有下法兰(14)、荒煤气出口上设有上法兰(15)；所述荒煤气管道(11)上部设有膨胀节(16)；所述换热管(12)下部设有取热介质进口(17)、上部设有取热介质出口(18)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置，其特征在于：所述一组直翅片(13)沿荒煤气管道(11)内壁间隔相同距离设置；所述一组直翅片(13)沿荒煤气管道(11)内壁垂直设置。
8.一种焦炉上升管余热锅炉发电装置，其特征在于：包括权利要求1至4任一项所述的直翅片。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种焦炉上升管余热锅炉发电装置，其特征在于：包括余热锅炉(22)、热媒泵(23)、汽轮机(24)、水泵(25)、发电机(26)以及一组权利要求5所述的焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置(21)；余热锅炉(22)包括热煤管路和汽水循环管路；所述焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置(21)的取热介质出口(18)与余热锅炉(22)的热煤管路、热媒泵(23)依次连接，热媒泵(23)与各焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置(21)的取热介质进口(17)连接；所述余热锅炉(22)的汽水循环管路、汽轮机(24)和水泵(25)依次连接成环；所述发电机(26)与汽轮机(24)连接。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种焦炉上升管余热锅炉发电装置，其特征在于：包括分布式上升管荒煤气蒸发器组(31)、分布式上升管荒煤气过热器组(32)、锅筒(34)、循环泵(35)、汽轮机(36)、给水泵(37)和发电机(38)；所述分布式上升管荒煤气蒸发器组(31)和分布式上升管荒煤气过热器组(32)分别独立的包括一组并联设置的焦炉上升管荒煤气余热回收取热装置(33)；所述锅筒(34)上设有汽水混合物进口、饱和蒸汽出口管道、进水口、出水口；所述分布式上升管荒煤气蒸发器组(31)与锅筒(34)的汽水混合物进口连接；所述锅筒(34)的饱和蒸汽出口管道、分布式上升管荒煤气过热器组(32)、汽轮机(36)、给水泵(37)、锅筒(34)的进水口依次连接；所述锅筒(34)的出水口和循环泵(35)连接，所述循环泵(35)与分布式上升管荒煤气蒸发器组(31)连接；所述发电机(38)与汽轮机(36)连接。
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CN117450499B (zh) * 2023-12-26 2024-02-27 陕西驭腾能源环保科技股份有限公司 一种复合式上升管过热器及其使用方法

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