CN107542457A - The experimental provision and method that geological structure simulation influences on drainage procedure strata pressure - Google Patents
The experimental provision and method that geological structure simulation influences on drainage procedure strata pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN107542457A CN107542457A CN201710859670.2A CN201710859670A CN107542457A CN 107542457 A CN107542457 A CN 107542457A CN 201710859670 A CN201710859670 A CN 201710859670A CN 107542457 A CN107542457 A CN 107542457A
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Abstract
The experimental provision and method that the present invention influences for a kind of geological structure simulation on drainage procedure strata pressure, the experimental provision includes the first experiment cylinder body and the second experiment cylinder body, the first sealing clamp is set in first experiment cylinder body, the first back-up sand area is formed between the bottom of first sealing clamp and the first experiment cylinder body, the second sealing clamp is set in second experiment cylinder body, the second back-up sand area is formed between the bottom of second sealing clamp and the second experiment cylinder body, first back-up sand area and the second back-up sand area can pass through connecting pipeline unilaterally connected, the bottom of first experiment cylinder body sets flowing line, flowmeter is set on flowing line；First back-up sand area forms near wellbore zone simulation region, and the second back-up sand area forms remote well area simulation region.The experimental provision and method are realized to nearly well, the real-time measurement of remote well area pressure, are probed into influence of the geological structure to strata pressure changing rule in drainage procedure by simulation, are effectively instructed site operation, it is ensured that smooth, effective progress that pressure control discharges water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil technical field of measurement and test, more particularly to a kind of geological structure simulation is to drainage procedure strata pressure
The experimental provision and method of influence.
Background technology
Controlled pressure drilling technology is that solve narrow ' Safe Density Windows stratum at present the complex drillings such as leakiness, spray, bit freezing easily occur
One important technology of problem.Huge thick saline bed, huge thick saline bed Engineering Geologic Characteristics can be usually run into Process of Oil Well Drilling
Complexity, interlayer super-pressure salt solution are generally developed, vertically and horizontally upper irregular distribution, and barometric gradient changes greatly, and prediction before drilling is difficult.Salt
Water layer safety drilling Density Window is narrow, the complex situations such as sprays, leaks, blocking using conventional drilling technologies and taking place frequently.Once generation underground thing
Therefore a large amount of drilling fluid leakages can be caused, the drillng operation cycle is not only increased, also drillng operation cost is substantially increased.For
Ensure the safety drilling of ultra-deep super-pressure brine layer, it is necessary to the technology that discharged water to high pressured slatwater layer progress pressure control.Pressure control water discharge technology
Condition have following three points：1. the high pressure brine finite volume of trap between salt；2. being drilled into low pressure layer releases salt solution, pressure system is reduced
Number；3. a bite well discharges water, offset well is benefited.By the technology that discharged water to high pressured slatwater layer implementation pressure control, by the stratum of high pressured slatwater layer
Pressure is reduced to normal stress levels, and the safety drilling of high pressured slatwater layer is then carried out using normal drilling fluid density, solves
Because of overflow, even the leakage generation of the serious accident such as bit freezing, sidetracking that super-pressure is brought in drilling process, salt deposit brill has been saved
The well time, reduce drilling cost.
However, scene finds following phenomenon during implementing pressure control and discharging water：Discharge water initial stage, strata pressure is with accumulative draining
The increase of amount is gradually reduced；After draining for a period of time, no longer decline with the increase of accumulative displacement；It is further with draining
Carry out, strata pressure is begun to decline again.Discharged water process (ultra-deep in ultra-deep super-pressure pressure control：Depth>6000m；Super-pressure：Pressure
Power>In 100Mpa), it may appear that strata pressure with the interim steady constant situation of accumulative displacement, for understand fully whether be because
Nearly well high pressure, remote well low pressure caused by geological structure cause this change of strata pressure, it is necessary to carry out stratum draining experiment, visit
Strata pressure is studied carefully with accumulative displacement changing rule, and then instructs live pressure control to discharge water operation, for ultra-deep super-pressure brine layer
Safety drilling provides certain directive significance.
Because the pressure control technology of discharging water is a kind of safety drilling of the reply ultra-deep super-pressure brine layer newly proposed in recent years
Matched process technology, relative technical equipment is very rare, and it really probes into geological structure to drainage procedure on simulation
The experimental provision or method that middle strata pressure changing rule influences are even more few.Related to strata pressure at present device or
Method is concentrated mainly in the theoretical calculation and Fluid pressure measurement of strata pressure, mainly according to geologic information and well log interpretation
Carry out the prediction of strata pressure；It is concentrated mainly on to the pressure control related device or method that discharge water on the wellhead assembly of open flow release,
It is mainly with some related devices of well control.In summary, currently without can preferably simulation probe into geological structure to row
The experimental provision that strata pressure changing rule influences during water, the operation that can not be discharged water to live pressure control are instructed.
Thus, the present inventor relies on experience and the practice for being engaged in relevant industries for many years, proposes a kind of geological structure simulation pair
The experimental provision and method that drainage procedure strata pressure influences, to realize the guidance for the operation that discharged water to live pressure control, surpass to ultra-deep
The safety drilling of high pressured slatwater layer has directive significance.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the experimental provision that a kind of geological structure simulation influences on drainage procedure strata pressure
And method, the real-time measurement to nearly well, remote well area pressure is realized, geological structure is probed into stratum in drainage procedure by simulation
The influence of Pressure Variation, effectively instructs site operation, it is ensured that smooth, effective progress that pressure control discharges water.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, the experiment that a kind of geological structure simulation influences on drainage procedure strata pressure
Device；The the first experiment cylinder body and the second experiment cylinder body that the experimental provision can be open and can seal including top, described first
Being provided with experiment cylinder body can press along the first sealing that the madial wall of the described first experiment cylinder body is sealed against sliding and fixing
Form the first back-up sand area of sealing between the bottom of plate, first sealing clamp and the first experiment cylinder body, described second
Being provided with experiment cylinder body can press along the second sealing that the madial wall of the described second experiment cylinder body is sealed against sliding and fixing
Form the second back-up sand area of sealing between the bottom of plate, second sealing clamp and the second experiment cylinder body, described first
The bottom in back-up sand area and the second back-up sand area can be by allowing liquid to flow to the first back-up sand area from the second back-up sand area
Connecting pipeline connection, the connecting pipeline close to described second experiment cylinder body one end set connecting line pressure gauge；Described
Space in one experiment cylinder body above first sealing clamp can be connected by the first pressurized pipeline with first pressure pump,
The exit of the first pressure pump is provided with the first moulding pressure table, and the first experiment cylinder body is located at the first back-up sand area
Side wall on can communicatively be provided with the first saturation water pipeline, the entrance of the first saturation water pipeline can be with the first pressure
Pump connects；Side of the bottom of the first experiment cylinder body away from the described second experiment cylinder body can communicatively set flowing line,
The porch of the flowing line sets discharge pressure table, and the exit of the flowing line sets flowmeter；Described second is real
The space in cylinder body above second sealing clamp is tested to connect with second pressure pump by the second pressurized pipeline, it is described
The exit of second pressure pump is provided with the second moulding pressure table, and the second experiment cylinder body is located at the side in the second back-up sand area
The second saturation water pipeline can be communicatively provided with wall, the entrance of the second saturation water pipeline can connect with the second pressure pump
It is logical；The first back-up sand area of the first experiment cylinder body forms near wellbore zone simulation region, and described second tests the described of cylinder body
Second back-up sand area forms remote well area simulation region.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, the exit of the first pressure pump sets the first valve, and described the
The exit of one pressurized pipeline sets the second valve, and the exit of the first saturation water pipeline sets the 3rd valve, the row
4th valve is set on water pipeline between the discharge pressure table and the flowmeter；The exit of the second pressure pump
5th valve is set, and the exit of second pressurized pipeline sets the 6th valve, the exit of the second saturation water pipeline
7th valve is set.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, the entrance of the first saturation water pipeline can communicatively be arranged at described
On first pressurized pipeline between first moulding pressure table and second valve；The entrance of the second saturation water pipeline
Can communicatively it be arranged on second pressurized pipeline between second moulding pressure table and the 6th valve.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, being provided with the connecting pipeline allows liquid from second back-up sand
Area flows to the check valve in the first back-up sand area, the check valve be located at the first back-up sand area and the connecting line pressure gauge it
Between.
It is on the madial wall of the first experiment cylinder body and close positioned at described first in the better embodiment of the present invention
It is provided with above envelope pressing plate removedly and contact can limits the first fixed block of first sealing clamp from top to bottom；
It is provided with the madial wall of the second experiment cylinder body and above second sealing clamp removedly and can be from upper
And lower contact limits the second fixed block of second sealing clamp.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, first fixed block can be secured by bolts in first experiment
On the madial wall of cylinder body, second fixed block can be secured by bolts on the madial wall of the second experiment cylinder body.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, the first experiment cylinder body is rectangle cell body, the first experiment cylinder
The top of body sets the first top plate that can dismantle and can seal fixation, is located at first top plate in the first experiment cylinder body
The first pressurization space is formed between first sealing clamp, first pressurized pipeline can connect with first pressurization space
Set logically；The second experiment cylinder body is rectangle cell body, and the top of the second experiment cylinder body sets and can dismantle and can seal
The second fixed top plate, the is formed between second top plate and second sealing clamp in the second experiment cylinder body
Two pressurization spaces, second pressurized pipeline can communicatively be set with second pressurization space.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, one end of the connecting pipeline, first pressurized pipeline, described the
One saturation water pipeline and the flowing line are connected on the first experiment cylinder body by thread seal；The connecting pipeline
The other end, second pressurized pipeline and the second saturation water pipeline are connected to the second experiment cylinder body by thread seal
On.
The purpose of the present invention can also be achieved in that, the reality influenceed using geological structure simulation on drainage procedure strata pressure
The method of experiment device, comprises the following steps,
Step a, complete the pipeline assembling of experimental provision, by the first sealing clamp be placed in the first experiment cylinder body outside, the
Two sealing clamps are placed in the outside of the second experiment cylinder body, determine that each valve is closed, determine the sealing of each pipeline；
Step b, gauze is close on the madial wall of the first experiment cylinder body and the second experiment cylinder body, to the first experiment cylinder body
, to setting height, the first sealing clamp is put into the inside of the first experiment cylinder body with back-up sand in the second experiment cylinder body and pressed in sand
Top, the first sealing clamp top install the first fixed block, then from top sealing first experiment cylinder body；By the second sealing
Pressing plate is put into the inside of the second experiment cylinder body and pressed in the top of sand, and in the top of the second sealing clamp, installation second is fixed
Block, then test cylinder body from top sealing second；
Step c, the first valve, the 3rd valve and the 5th valve, the 7th valve are opened, starts first pressure pump and the second pressure
Power pump, using first pressure pump by salt solution by the first saturation water pipeline press-in the first experiment cylinder body, using second pressure pump
By salt solution by the way that in the second saturation water pipeline press-in the second experiment cylinder body, the first back-up sand area and second in cylinder body is tested to first
Test the second back-up sand area in cylinder body and carry out saturated brine, the first back-up sand area and the second back-up sand area close the 3rd valve after being saturated
With the 7th valve, and the registration of now each pressure gauge is recorded；
Step d, the second valve and the 6th valve are opened, is pressed into salt solution by the first pressurized pipeline using first pressure pump
It is using second pressure pump that salt solution is real by the second pressurized pipeline press-in second in first experiment cylinder body above the first sealing clamp
Test in cylinder body above the second sealing clamp, increasing the pressure of each compression pump makes each sealing clamp add respectively to corresponding back-up sand area
Pressure, completes the compacting in each back-up sand area, and now the registration of discharge pressure table is higher than the registration of connecting line pressure gauge, in each back-up sand area
Salt solution forms high pressure water layer, maintains the pressure of each compression pump constant；
Step e, the 4th valve is opened, initial time carries out small displacement draining, completes the high pressure water layer in the first back-up sand area
Drainage and step-down, the numerical value of each pressure gauge and accumulative displacement are recorded once at regular intervals；
Step f, keep quantitative draining and record the numerical value of each pressure gauge and accumulative displacement, until the pressure of discharge pressure table
Power registration is reduced to the pressure registration of connecting line pressure gauge；
Step g, when the pressure registration of discharge pressure table is less than the pressure registration of connecting line pressure gauge, the salt in the second back-up sand area
Water flows through connecting pipeline, check valve, the first back-up sand area to flowing line, continues drainage and step-down process data recording, often
The once numerical value of each pressure gauge and accumulative displacement are recorded every a period of time；
Step h, keep quantitative draining and record the numerical value of each pressure gauge and accumulative displacement, until discharge pressure table and company
The 4th valve is closed when the pressure registration of wiring pressure gauge no longer changes, stops drainage and step-down；
Step g, each compression pump and each valve are closed, the salt solution in each experiment cylinder body and sand are discharged, clean each experiment cylinder
Body and each pipeline, complete experiment.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, in step d, the pressure of discharge pressure table and connecting line pressure gauge is observed
Value, when the pressure value of discharge pressure table and connecting line pressure gauge reaches experiment setting numerical value and stable reading, determine back-up sand area
It is compacted.
From the above mentioned, the experimental provision and side that geological structure simulation provided by the invention influences on drainage procedure strata pressure
Method has the advantages that：
(1) in the experimental provision that geological structure simulation of the invention influences on drainage procedure strata pressure, reasonable Arrangement is real
Cylinder body, pipeline and pressure gauge, flowmeter are tested, preferably simulation can probe into geological structure to strata pressure change rule in drainage procedure
Rule influences, workable, and data acquisition is simple and comprehensive, and apparatus structure is simply light and handy；
(2) in the experimental provision that geological structure simulation of the invention influences on drainage procedure strata pressure, fixed block is used
It is bolted on experiment inboard wall of cylinder block, realizes effective limitation to sealing clamp, back-up sand area when avoiding saturated brine
The problem of high pressure excessively above pushes up sealing clamp；
(3) in the experimental provision that geological structure simulation of the invention influences on drainage procedure strata pressure, device has two
Cylinder body is tested, the simulation near wellbore zone high pressure, remote well area low voltage situations can have both been realized in experimentation, can also have been realized
All it is the simulation of high-pressure situations to nearly well, remote well area, and height pressure difference is adjustable, therefore device is adaptable wide, adjustable
Save the advantages of power is strong；
(4) experimental provision and method that geological structure simulation of the invention influences on drainage procedure strata pressure can be well
Influence of the analog study geological structure to strata pressure changing rule in drainage procedure, live pressure control is instructed to discharge water the smooth of operation
Carry out, be with a wide range of applications.
Brief description of the drawings
The following drawings is only intended to, in doing schematic illustration and explanation to the present invention, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein：
Fig. 1：The schematic diagram of the experimental provision influenceed for the geological structure simulation of the present invention on drainage procedure strata pressure.
Fig. 2：The experimental provision back-up sand state influenceed for the geological structure simulation of the present invention on drainage procedure strata pressure is shown
It is intended to.
Fig. 3：Sealed after the experimental provision back-up sand influenceed for the geological structure simulation of the present invention on drainage procedure strata pressure
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 4：The experimental provision back-up sand area saturation influenceed for the geological structure simulation of the present invention on drainage procedure strata pressure
Schematic diagram during water.
Fig. 5：The pressurization space of the experimental provision influenceed for the geological structure simulation of the present invention on drainage procedure strata pressure
Pressurize schematic diagram.
Fig. 6：First back-up sand in the experimental provision influenceed for the geological structure simulation of the present invention on drainage procedure strata pressure
Area's drainage and step-down view.
Fig. 7：The second back-up sand of the experimental provision area influenceed for the geological structure simulation of the present invention on drainage procedure strata pressure
With the first back-up sand area draining schematic diagram.
Fig. 8：The second back-up sand of the experimental provision area influenceed for the geological structure simulation of the present invention on drainage procedure strata pressure
Schematic diagram after being discharged water with the first back-up sand area pressure control.
Fig. 9：The experimental data of the experimental provision influenceed for the geological structure simulation of the present invention on drainage procedure strata pressure
Graph of a relation.
In figure：
100th, the experimental provision that geological structure simulation influences on drainage procedure strata pressure；
1st, the first experiment cylinder body；
101st, the first back-up sand area；102nd, the first pressurization space；
11st, the first sealing clamp；12nd, the first fixed block；13rd, the first top plate；
2nd, the second experiment cylinder body；
201st, the second back-up sand area；202nd, the second pressurization space；
21st, the second sealing clamp；22nd, the second fixed block；23rd, the second top plate；
3rd, connecting pipeline；31st, connecting line pressure gauge；
41st, the first pressurized pipeline；42nd, the second pressurized pipeline；
51st, first pressure pump；511st, the first moulding pressure table；
52nd, second pressure pump；521st, the second moulding pressure table；
61st, the first saturation water pipeline；62nd, the second saturation water pipeline；
7th, flowing line；71st, discharge pressure table；
8th, flowmeter；
91st, the first valve；92nd, the second valve；93rd, the 3rd valve；94th, the 4th valve；95th, the 5th valve；96th, the 6th valve
Door；97th, the 7th valve；98th, check valve.
Embodiment
In order to which technical characteristic, purpose and the effect of the present invention is more clearly understood, now control illustrates this hair
Bright embodiment.
As shown in Figures 1 to 9, the present invention provides the experiment that a kind of geological structure simulation influences on drainage procedure strata pressure
Device 100；The the first experiment cylinder body 1 and second that can be open and can seal including top tests cylinder body 2, and first tests in cylinder body 1
The first sealing clamp 11 that slides and can fix, the first sealing can be sealed against along the madial wall of the first experiment cylinder body 1 by being provided with
The first back-up sand area 101 of sealing is formed between the bottom of the experiment cylinder body 1 of pressing plate 11 and first, is provided with the second experiment cylinder body 2
The second sealing clamp 21 that slides and can fix, the second sealing clamp 21 can be sealed against along the madial wall of the second experiment cylinder body 2
The second back-up sand area 201 of sealing, the first back-up sand area 101 and the second back-up sand area 201 are formed between the bottom of the second experiment cylinder body 2
Bottom can be connected by allowing liquid to flow to from the second back-up sand area 201 connecting pipeline 3 in the first back-up sand area 101, connecting pipeline 3
Close to one end of the second experiment cylinder body 2, connecting line pressure gauge 31 is set；In first experiment cylinder body 1 on the first sealing clamp 11
The space of side can be connected by the first pressurized pipeline 41 with first pressure pump 51, and the exit of first pressure pump 51 is provided with first
Moulding pressure table 511, the first experiment cylinder body 1, which is located in the side wall in the first back-up sand area 101, can communicatively be provided with the first saturation water
Pipeline 61, the entrance of the first saturation water pipeline 61 can connect with first pressure pump 51；The bottom of first experiment cylinder body 1 is away from second
The side of experiment cylinder body 2 can communicatively set flowing line 7, and the porch of flowing line 7 sets discharge pressure table 71, drainpipe
The exit of line 7 sets flowmeter 8；It can pass through second positioned at the space of the top of the second sealing clamp 21 in second experiment cylinder body 2
Pressurized pipeline 42 connects with second pressure pump 52, and the exit of second pressure pump 52 is provided with the second moulding pressure table 521, and second
Experiment cylinder body 2, which is located in the side wall in the second back-up sand area 201, can communicatively be provided with the second saturation water pipeline 62, the second saturation water pipe
The entrance of line 62 can connect with second pressure pump 52；First back-up sand area 101 of the first experiment cylinder body 1 forms near wellbore zone simulation
Area, back-up sand and near wellbore zone simulated formation is formed after being densified to strata pressure in the first back-up sand area 101, the second experiment cylinder body 2
Second back-up sand area 201 forms remote well area simulation region, and back-up sand and remote well is formed after being densified to strata pressure in the second back-up sand area 201
Area simulated formation.
In the experimental provision that the geological structure simulation of the present invention influences on drainage procedure strata pressure, reasonable Arrangement experiment cylinder
Body, pipeline and pressure gauge, flowmeter, energy preferably simulation probe into geological structure to strata pressure changing rule shadow in drainage procedure
Ring, workable, data acquisition is simple and comprehensive, and apparatus structure is simply light and handy；Sealing clamp can be fixed on experiment cylinder body
On madial wall, sealing clamp is excessively gone up the problem of pushing up by the high pressure in back-up sand area when avoiding saturated brine；The simulation of the present invention
Texture is made in the experimental provision influenceed on drainage procedure strata pressure, and device has two experiment cylinder bodies, both can be with experimentation
Realize near wellbore zone high pressure, the simulation of remote well area low voltage situations, can also realize that to nearly well, remote well area be all high pressure feelings
The simulation of condition, and height pressure difference is adjustable, therefore the advantages of device is adaptable wide, adjustability is strong；The mould of the present invention
Intend the experimental provision that is influenceed on drainage procedure strata pressure of geological structure can well analog study geological structure to drainage procedure
The influence of middle strata pressure changing rule, instruct live pressure control to discharge water being smoothed out of operation, be with a wide range of applications.
Further, as shown in figure 1, the exit of first pressure pump 51 sets the first valve 91, the first pressurized pipeline 41
Exit sets the second valve 92, and the exit of the first saturation water pipeline 61 sets the 3rd valve 93, is located at row on flowing line 7
4th valve 94 is set between water pressure table 71 and flowmeter 8；The 5th valve 95 of exit setting of second pressure pump 52, second
The exit of pressurized pipeline 42 sets the 6th valve 96, and the exit of the second saturation water pipeline 62 sets the 7th valve 97.Each valve
Door is serially connected with each respective lines by thread seal, is respectively used to control the connection of each pipeline.
Further, as shown in figure 1, the entrance of the first saturation water pipeline 61 can communicatively be arranged at the first moulding pressure table
511 and second the first pressurized pipeline 41 between valve 92 on；The entrance of second saturation water pipeline 62 can communicatively be arranged at
On the second pressurized pipeline 42 between two moulding pressure tables 521 and the 6th valve 96.In the present embodiment, the first saturation water pipe
The entrance of line 61 is fixed by T connector and is communicated on the first pressurized pipeline 41, and the entrance of the second saturation water pipeline 62 passes through T-shaped
Joint is fixed and is communicated on the second pressurized pipeline 42.First saturation water pipeline 61 and the first pressurized pipeline 41 are used in conjunction with one
One compression pump 51, the second saturation water pipeline 62 and the second pressurized pipeline 42 are used in conjunction with a second pressure pump 52, improve each
The service efficiency of compression pump, simplify loop and set.
Further, as shown in figure 1, being provided with connecting pipeline 3 allows liquid to flow to the first back-up sand from the second back-up sand area 201
The check valve 98 in area 101, check valve 98 is between the first back-up sand area 101 and connecting line pressure gauge 31.Check valve 98 can be effective
Ground prevents the liquid in the first back-up sand area 101 from flowing to the second back-up sand area 201.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, on the madial wall of the first experiment cylinder body 1 and positioned at the upper of the first sealing clamp 11
Side be provided with removedly and can from top to bottom contact limit the first sealing clamp 11 the first fixed block 12；Second experiment cylinder
On the madial wall of body 2 and it is provided with removedly positioned at the top of the second sealing clamp 21 and contact can limits the from top to bottom
Second fixed block 22 of two sealing clamps 21.In the present embodiment, it is real to be secured by bolts in first for the first fixed block 12
Test on the madial wall of cylinder body 1, the second fixed block 22 can be secured by bolts on the madial wall of the second experiment cylinder body 2.First is solid
Determine the fixed block 22 of block 12 and second and realize effective limitation to the first sealing clamp 11, the second sealing clamp 21 respectively, avoid
First back-up sand area 101 during saturated brine, the high pressure in the second back-up sand area 201 are by the first sealing clamp 11, the mistake of the second sealing clamp 21
The problem of being pushed up on degree.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the first experiment cylinder body 1 is rectangle cell body, and the top of the first experiment cylinder body 1 is set
It can dismantle and the first top plate 13 of fixation can be sealed, be located at the first top plate 13 and the first sealing clamp 11 in the first experiment cylinder body 1
Between form the first pressurization space 102, the first pressurized pipeline 41 can communicatively be set with the first pressurization space 102；Second experiment
Cylinder body 2 is rectangle cell body, and the top of the second experiment cylinder body 2 sets the second top plate 23 that can dismantle and can seal fixation, and second is real
Test in cylinder body 2 and the second pressurization space 202, the second pressurized pipeline 42 are formed between the second top plate 23 and the second sealing clamp 21
Can communicatively it be set with the second pressurization space 202.When needing the back-up sand into the first experiment cylinder body 1, the first top plate 13, the are disassembled
One sealing clamp 11, after back-up sand terminates, the first sealing clamp 11 is installed and fixed, then seal and fix the first top plate 13；Need to
In second experiment cylinder body 2 during back-up sand, the second top plate 23, the second sealing clamp 21 are disassembled, after back-up sand terminates, installs and fixes the
Two sealing clamps 21, then seal and fix the second top plate 23.
Further, one end of connecting pipeline 3, the first pressurized pipeline 41, the first saturation water pipeline 61 and flowing line 7 pass through
Thread seal is connected on the first experiment cylinder body 1；The other end of connecting pipeline 3, the second pressurized pipeline 42 and the second saturation water pipe
Line 62 is connected on the second experiment cylinder body 2 by thread seal.Each pressure gauge is connected to corresponding pipeline by thread seal
On.
The experimental provision 100 that drainage procedure strata pressure influences is tested using the geological structure simulation of the present invention
The influence of purpose strata pressure changing rule in geological structure is probed into drainage procedure in simulation, and verify strata pressure with tired
Meter displacement it is interim steady it is constant whether be because near wellbore zone high pressure region pressure reduces after, distant place low pressure area water source to
Near wellbore zone supplements so that strata pressure occurs interim steady constant.
The experiment of the experimental provision 100 influenceed using geological structure simulation provided by the invention on drainage procedure strata pressure
Method, comprise the following steps,
Step a, as shown in Fig. 2 completing the pipeline assembling of experimental provision 100, it is real that the first sealing clamp 11 is placed in into first
Test the outside of cylinder body 1, the second sealing clamp 21 is placed in the outside of the second experiment cylinder body 2, determine that each valve is closed, really
The sealing of fixed each pipeline；
Step b, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, gauze is close to the madial wall of the first experiment cylinder body 1 and the second experiment cylinder body 2
On, test back-up sand in cylinder body 2 to the first experiment cylinder body 1 and second and, to setting height, form the first back-up sand area 101 and the second back-up sand
Area 201, the first sealing clamp 11 is put into the inside of the first experiment cylinder body 1 and pressed in the top of sand, in the first sealing clamp
The first fixed block 12 is installed in 11 top, seals and is fixedly connected with the first top plate 13 of the first experiment cylinder body 1 so that the first experiment
Cylinder body 1 seals from top；Second sealing clamp 21 is put into the inside of the second experiment cylinder body 2 and pressed in the top of sand,
The second fixed block 22 is installed in the top of two sealing clamps 21, seals and is fixedly connected with the second top plate 23 of the second experiment cylinder body 2, makes
The second experiment cylinder body 2 is obtained to seal from top；
Step c, as shown in figure 4, opening the first valve 91, the 3rd valve 93 and the 5th valve 95, the 7th valve 97, start
First pressure pump 51 and second pressure pump 52, salt solution is pressed into first by the first saturation water pipeline 61 using first pressure pump 51
Test in cylinder body 1, be pressed into salt solution in the second experiment cylinder body 2 by the second saturation water pipeline 62 using second pressure pump 52, it is right
The second back-up sand area 201 in the first back-up sand area 101 and the second experiment cylinder body 2 in first experiment cylinder body 1 carries out saturated brine, the
One back-up sand area 101 and the second back-up sand area 201 close the 3rd valve 93 and the 7th valve 97 after being saturated, and record now each pressure
The registration of table；
The pump pressure of first pressure pump 51 and second pressure pump 52 (the first moulding pressure table 511 and the second moulding pressure table 521
Registration) and discharge pressure table 71, the registration of connecting line pressure gauge 31 it is stable when, it is believed that the first back-up sand area 101 and the second back-up sand
Area 201 is saturated.
Step d, as shown in figure 5, opening the second valve 92 and the 6th valve 96, salt solution is passed through using first pressure pump 51
The top of first sealing clamp 11 (i.e. in the first pressurization space 102) in first pressurized pipeline 41 press-in the first experiment cylinder body 1, is used
Salt solution is pressed into the second experiment cylinder body 2 above second sealing clamp 21 (i.e. by second pressure pump 52 by the second pressurized pipeline 42
In second pressurization space 202), increasing the pressure of each compression pump makes each sealing clamp respectively to the corresponding back-up sand area (ground of simulation
Layer) pressurization, the compacting in each back-up sand area is completed, now the registration of discharge pressure table 71 is higher than the registration of connecting line pressure gauge, respectively fills out
Salt solution in sand area forms high pressure water layer, maintains the pressure of each compression pump constant；
It should be noted that in step d, the pressure value of observation discharge pressure table 71 and connecting line pressure gauge 31, draining is treated
The pressure value of pressure gauge 71 and connecting line pressure gauge 31 reaches experiment setting numerical value (in one embodiment, discharge pressure table
71 numerical value reaches 1.5MPa, and the numerical value of connecting line pressure gauge 31 reaches 1MPa) and during stable reading, determine that back-up sand area is pressed
It is real.
Step e, as shown in fig. 6, opening the 4th valve 94, initial time carries out small displacement draining, completes the first back-up sand area
The drainage and step-down of 101 high pressure water layer, the numerical value of each pressure gauge and accumulative displacement are recorded once at regular intervals；In this hair
In a bright specific embodiment, interval time 1min；
Step f, keep quantitative draining and record the numerical value of each pressure gauge and accumulative displacement, until discharge pressure table 71
Pressure registration is reduced to the pressure registration of connecting line pressure gauge 31 (in one embodiment, the numerical value is 1MPa)；
Step g, as shown in fig. 7, when the pressure registration of discharge pressure table 71 is less than the pressure registration of connecting line pressure gauge 31,
The salt solution in the second back-up sand area 201 flows through connecting pipeline 3, check valve 98, the first back-up sand area 101 to flowing line 7, continues
Drainage and step-down process data recording, the numerical value of each pressure gauge and accumulative displacement are recorded once at regular intervals；In the present invention
A specific embodiment in, interval time 1min；
Step h, as shown in figure 8, keeping quantitative draining and recording the numerical value of each pressure gauge and accumulative displacement, until draining
The 4th valve 94 is closed when the pressure registration of pressure gauge 71 and connecting line pressure gauge 31 no longer changes, stops drainage and step-down；
Step g, each compression pump and each valve are closed, the salt solution in each experiment cylinder body and sand are discharged, clean each experiment cylinder
Body and each pipeline, complete experiment.
After experiment terminates, the data of record are subjected to integration processing, discharge pressure table 71 and connection when drawing drainage and step-down
The pressure value of line pressure table 31 is with relation curve between accumulative displacement.The pressure value P of discharge pressure table 71 and accumulative displacement V
Relation curve as shown in figure 9, and when discharge pressure table 71 pressure registration be less than connecting line pressure gauge 31 pressure registration when,
The pressure registration of connecting line pressure gauge 31 declines, then when explanation carries out drainage and step-down, nearly well high pressure area pressure reduces, when nearly well
When below area drop in formation pressure to remote well low pressure area strata pressure, remote well area water source flows near wellbore zone, so as to
There is strata pressure with the interim steady constant variation tendency of accumulative displacement.
From the above mentioned, the experimental provision and side that geological structure simulation provided by the invention influences on drainage procedure strata pressure
Method has the advantages that：
(1) in the experimental provision that geological structure simulation of the invention influences on drainage procedure strata pressure, reasonable Arrangement is real
Cylinder body, pipeline and pressure gauge, flowmeter are tested, preferably simulation can probe into geological structure to strata pressure change rule in drainage procedure
Rule influences, workable, and data acquisition is simple and comprehensive, and apparatus structure is simply light and handy；
(2) in the experimental provision that geological structure simulation of the invention influences on drainage procedure strata pressure, fixed block is used
It is bolted on experiment inboard wall of cylinder block, realizes effective limitation to sealing clamp, back-up sand area when avoiding saturated brine
The problem of high pressure excessively above pushes up sealing clamp；
(3) in the experimental provision that geological structure simulation of the invention influences on drainage procedure strata pressure, device has two
Cylinder body is tested, the simulation near wellbore zone high pressure, remote well area low voltage situations can have both been realized in experimentation, can also have been realized
All it is the simulation of high-pressure situations to nearly well, remote well area, and height pressure difference is adjustable, therefore device is adaptable wide, adjustable
Save the advantages of power is strong；
(4) experimental provision and method that geological structure simulation of the invention influences on drainage procedure strata pressure can be well
Influence of the analog study geological structure to strata pressure changing rule in drainage procedure, live pressure control is instructed to discharge water the smooth of operation
Carry out, be with a wide range of applications.
The schematical embodiment of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not limited to the scope of the present invention.It is any
Those skilled in the art, made equivalent variations and modification on the premise of the design of the present invention and principle is not departed from,
The scope of protection of the invention should be belonged to.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. experimental provision that geological structure simulation influences on drainage procedure strata pressure；Characterized in that, the experiment dress The the first experiment cylinder body that can be open and can seal including top and the second experiment cylinder body are put, is set in the first experiment cylinder body The first sealing clamp that slides and can fix can be sealed against along the madial wall of the described first experiment cylinder body by having, and described first is close The first back-up sand area of sealing is formed between the bottom of envelope pressing plate and the first experiment cylinder body, is set in the second experiment cylinder body The second sealing clamp that slides and can fix can be sealed against along the madial wall of the described second experiment cylinder body by having, and described second is close Form the second back-up sand area of sealing between the bottom of envelope pressing plate and the second experiment cylinder body, the first back-up sand area and described the The bottom in two back-up sand areas can by allow liquid from the second back-up sand area flow to the first back-up sand area connecting pipeline connect, The connecting pipeline sets connecting line pressure gauge close to one end of the described second experiment cylinder body；It is located in the first experiment cylinder body Space above first sealing clamp can be connected by the first pressurized pipeline with first pressure pump, the first pressure pump Exit is provided with the first moulding pressure table, and the first experiment cylinder body is located at can be communicatively in the side wall in the first back-up sand area The first saturation water pipeline is provided with, the entrance of the first saturation water pipeline can connect with the first pressure pump；Described first Flowing line can communicatively be set by testing side of the bottom of cylinder body away from the described second experiment cylinder body, and the flowing line enters Discharge pressure table is set at mouthful, and the exit of the flowing line sets flowmeter；Positioned at described in the second experiment cylinder body Space above second sealing clamp can be connected by the second pressurized pipeline with second pressure pump, the outlet of the second pressure pump Place is provided with the second moulding pressure table, and the second experiment cylinder body is located in the side wall in the second back-up sand area and can communicatively set There is the second saturation water pipeline, the entrance of the second saturation water pipeline can connect with the second pressure pump；First experiment The first back-up sand area of cylinder body forms near wellbore zone simulation region, and the second back-up sand area of the second experiment cylinder body is formed far Well area simulation region.
- 2. the experimental provision that geological structure simulation as claimed in claim 1 influences on drainage procedure strata pressure, its feature exists In the exit of the first pressure pump sets the first valve, and the exit of first pressurized pipeline sets the second valve, institute The exit for stating the first saturation water pipeline sets the 3rd valve, is located at the discharge pressure table and the stream on the flowing line 4th valve is set between gauge；The exit of the second pressure pump sets the 5th valve, and second pressurized pipeline goes out 6th valve is set at mouthful, and the exit of the second saturation water pipeline sets the 7th valve.
- 3. the experimental provision that geological structure simulation as claimed in claim 2 influences on drainage procedure strata pressure, its feature exists In the entrance of the first saturation water pipeline can be communicatively arranged between first moulding pressure table and second valve First pressurized pipeline on；The entrance of the second saturation water pipeline can communicatively be arranged at second moulding pressure table On second pressurized pipeline between the 6th valve.
- 4. the experimental provision that geological structure simulation as claimed in claim 1 influences on drainage procedure strata pressure, its feature exist In being provided with the connecting pipeline allows liquid to flow to the check valve in the first back-up sand area, institute from the second back-up sand area Check valve is stated between the first back-up sand area and the connecting line pressure gauge.
- 5. the experimental provision that geological structure simulation as claimed in claim 1 influences on drainage procedure strata pressure, its feature exists In being provided with the madial wall of the first experiment cylinder body and above first sealing clamp removedly and energy Contact limits the first fixed block of first sealing clamp from top to bottom；On the madial wall of the second experiment cylinder body and it is located at It is provided with above second sealing clamp removedly and contact can limits the of second sealing clamp from top to bottom Two fixed blocks.
- 6. the experimental provision that geological structure simulation as claimed in claim 5 influences on drainage procedure strata pressure, its feature exist In first fixed block can be secured by bolts on the madial wall of the first experiment cylinder body, the second fixed block energy It is secured by bolts on the madial wall of the second experiment cylinder body.
- 7. the experimental provision that geological structure simulation as claimed in claim 1 influences on drainage procedure strata pressure, its feature exists In the first experiment cylinder body is rectangle cell body, and the top of the first experiment cylinder body, which is set, can dismantle and can seal fixation First top plate, the first experiment cylinder body is interior to form the first pressurization between first top plate and first sealing clamp Space, first pressurized pipeline can communicatively be set with first pressurization space；The second experiment cylinder body is rectangular channel Body, the top of the second experiment cylinder body set the second top plate that can dismantle and can seal fixation, and described second tests in cylinder body Form the second pressurization space between second top plate and second sealing clamp, second pressurized pipeline with it is described Second pressurization space can communicatively be set.
- 8. the experimental provision that geological structure simulation as claimed in claim 1 influences on drainage procedure strata pressure, its feature exist In one end of the connecting pipeline, first pressurized pipeline, the first saturation water pipeline and the flowing line pass through spiral shell Line is sealedly attached on the first experiment cylinder body；The other end of the connecting pipeline, second pressurized pipeline and described Two saturation water pipelines are connected on the second experiment cylinder body by thread seal.
- 9. the experiment influenceed using the geological structure simulation as described in any one of claim 1 to 8 on drainage procedure strata pressure The method of device, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps,Step a, the pipeline assembling of experimental provision is completed, the first sealing clamp is placed in the outside, second close of the first experiment cylinder body Envelope pressing plate is placed in the outside of the second experiment cylinder body, determines that each valve is closed, determines the sealing of each pipeline；Step b, gauze is close on the madial wall of the first experiment cylinder body and the second experiment cylinder body, to the first experiment cylinder body and the The first sealing clamp is put into the inside of the first experiment cylinder body and pressed in the upper of sand by back-up sand to setting height in two experiment cylinder bodies Side, the first fixed block is installed in the top of the first sealing clamp, then cylinder body is tested from top sealing first；By the second sealing clamp It is put into the inside of the second experiment cylinder body and presses in the top of sand, the second fixed block is installed in the top of the second sealing clamp, then From top sealing the second experiment cylinder body；Step c, the first valve, the 3rd valve and the 5th valve, the 7th valve are opened, starts first pressure pump and second pressure Pump, salt solution is tested in cylinder body by the first saturation water pipeline press-in first using first pressure pump, will using second pressure pump Salt solution to first by the second saturation water pipeline press-in the second experiment cylinder body, testing the first back-up sand area and second in cylinder body in fact Test the second back-up sand area in cylinder body and carry out saturated brine, the first back-up sand area and the second back-up sand area closed after being saturated the 3rd valve and 7th valve, and record the registration of now each pressure gauge；Step d, the second valve and the 6th valve are opened, salt solution is pressed into first by the first pressurized pipeline using first pressure pump Test in cylinder body above the first sealing clamp, salt solution is passed through into the second pressurized pipeline press-in the second experiment cylinder using second pressure pump Above internal second sealing clamp, increasing the pressure of each compression pump makes each sealing clamp be pressurizeed respectively to corresponding back-up sand area, complete Into the compacting in each back-up sand area, now the registration of discharge pressure table is higher than the registration of connecting line pressure gauge, the salt solution in each back-up sand area High pressure water layer is formed, maintains the pressure of each compression pump constant；Step e, the 4th valve is opened, initial time carries out small displacement draining, completes the draining of the high pressure water layer in the first back-up sand area Decompression, records once the numerical value of each pressure gauge and accumulative displacement at regular intervals；Step f, keep quantitative draining and record the numerical value of each pressure gauge and accumulative displacement, until the pressure of discharge pressure table is shown Number is reduced to the pressure registration of connecting line pressure gauge；Step g, when the pressure registration of discharge pressure table is less than the pressure registration of connecting line pressure gauge, the salt solution warp in the second back-up sand area Connecting pipeline, check valve, the first back-up sand area are flowed to flowing line, continue drainage and step-down process data recording, Mei Geyi The section time records the once numerical value of each pressure gauge and accumulative displacement；Step h, keep quantitative draining and record the numerical value of each pressure gauge and accumulative displacement, until discharge pressure table and connecting line The 4th valve is closed when the pressure registration of pressure gauge no longer changes, stops drainage and step-down；Step g, each compression pump and each valve are closed, the salt solution in each experiment cylinder body and sand are discharged, clean each experiment cylinder body and Each pipeline, complete experiment.
- 10. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that in step d, observe discharge pressure table and connecting line pressure gauge Pressure value, reach experiment setting numerical value and during stable reading when the pressure value of discharge pressure table and connecting line pressure gauge, it is determined that Back-up sand area is compacted.
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| CN113539041A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-22 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Oil-gas transportation and gathering simulation device and method |
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