CN107525495B - Method for monitoring distance by forced centering mode - Google Patents
Method for monitoring distance by forced centering mode Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107525495B CN107525495B CN201710607027.0A CN201710607027A CN107525495B CN 107525495 B CN107525495 B CN 107525495B CN 201710607027 A CN201710607027 A CN 201710607027A CN 107525495 B CN107525495 B CN 107525495B
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- permanent magnet
- monitoring
- range finder
- laser
- forced centering
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002990 reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C3/00—Measuring distances in line of sight; Optical rangefinders
- G01C3/02—Details
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for monitoring a distance by using a forced centering mode, wherein a used distance monitoring device comprises a forced centering device and a laser range finder, the forced centering device comprises a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet which are identical or close in structure and size, the first permanent magnet is fixed on a measurement base point, the second permanent magnet is fixed on the tail end of the laser range finder, and the axis of the second permanent magnet is coincident with or parallel to a laser beam emitted by the laser range finder. According to the method for monitoring the distance by using the forced centering mode, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet which are identical or close in structure and size can be automatically and forcedly centered after being magnetically attracted with each other, so that the laser range finder can be conveniently and rapidly fixed on a measurement base point during measurement, and the data consistency and the measurement precision of multiple measurements at the same measurement base point are high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for monitoring distance by using a forced centering mode.
Background
In the process of construction, operation and maintenance of tunnels such as subways, highways and railways, stability of surrounding rocks or structures of the tunnels can be intuitively and definitely judged through measurement of clearance size changes around the tunnels, namely measurement of convergence displacement around the tunnels. Therefore, convergence monitoring is an indispensable monitoring means, and currently commonly used monitoring instruments include steel rule convergence meters, total stations, laser rangefinders, and the like. In the measuring process, one end of the steel ruler convergence gauge is fixed, and the other end of the steel ruler convergence gauge is manually pulled to a measuring point, so that the technical defects of poor efficiency and low precision exist. The total station test needs to be carried out to fix a station fixing frame, a test point prism and a rearview reference, is affected by weak light in a tunnel, multiple test points, even overlapping and the like, is easy to misplacement and cannot be observed, and has the main defects of inconvenient fixing and dismounting and consumption of a certain amount of time. At present, a laser range finder is mainly adopted, and the testing method is mainly as follows: the wall of one side of the hole is marked with an L-shaped paint, and the handheld instrument strives to lean against the wall body to press the range finder so that the cursor reaches the marking point of the opposite side. The method has the defects of poor neutrality, inaccurate position fixation and large error.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for monitoring the tunnel or shield segment with simple operation, quick installation, short time consumption and high test precision at a high distance, and particularly aims to overcome the defects of the prior art by being applied to the clearance convergence monitoring of the tunnel or shield segment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the distance monitoring device comprises a forced centering device and a laser range finder, wherein the forced centering device comprises a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are identical or close in structure and size, the first permanent magnet is fixed on a measurement base point, the second permanent magnet is fixed on the tail end of the laser range finder, and the axis of the second permanent magnet is coincident with or parallel to a laser beam emitted by the laser range finder; the distance monitoring method comprises the following steps:
a. The laser distance measuring instrument with the second permanent magnet is close to the first permanent magnet fixed on the measurement base point, the laser distance measuring instrument is automatically fixed on the first permanent magnet under the action of magnetic attraction, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are automatically concentric;
b. starting a laser range finder, testing and recording data;
c. the laser distance measuring instrument is pushed transversely, so that the permanent magnet is translated relative to the first permanent magnet until the laser distance measuring instrument is taken down;
d. repeating the steps, measuring multiple data, and taking the average value as the result data.
In a preferred embodiment, a spacer is arranged between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet.
In a preferred embodiment, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are cylindrical and have the same size.
In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is phi 15 mm-phi 30mm, and the thickness of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is 2 mm-5 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is phi 20mm, and the thickness is 3mm.
In a preferred embodiment, the distance monitoring method is applied to the clearance convergence monitoring of the tunnel or shield segment, and the permanent magnet is fixed on the tunnel wall or the shield segment inner wall.
In a preferred embodiment, the permanent magnet is pre-buried on the tunnel wall or the inner wall of the shield segment.
In a preferred embodiment, the permanent magnet is adhered to the wall of the tunnel or the inner wall of the shield segment through the reinforced plastic.
The method for monitoring the distance by using the forced centering mode of the invention ensures that the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet which have the same or similar structure and size can be automatically and forcedly centered after mutual magnetic attraction, namely, each time of attraction, the center position is fixed, so that the laser range finder can be conveniently and rapidly fixed on a measurement base point during measurement, and the data consistency and the measurement precision of multiple measurements at the same measurement base point are higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the forced centering device according to the present embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for performing distance monitoring by using a forced centering manner in the present embodiment applied to headroom convergence monitoring of a tunnel;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the method for performing distance monitoring by using forced centering in the present embodiment applied to the clearance convergence monitoring of the shield segment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The method for performing distance monitoring by using the forced centering mode in this embodiment is described in detail below by taking the clearance convergence monitoring of the tunnel and the shield segment as an example.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the method for performing distance monitoring by using forced centering mode in this embodiment is applied to an embodiment of tunnel clearance convergence monitoring, where the distance monitoring device includes a forced centering device and a laser range finder 3, where the forced centering device includes a permanent magnet 1 and a permanent magnet 2 with identical or similar structures and dimensions. Preferably, in this embodiment, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet adopt cylindrical structures with the same structure and dimension, wherein the diameters of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are phi 15 mm-phi 30mm, and the thicknesses of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are 2 mm-5 mm.
In the clearance convergence monitoring process, the permanent magnet 1 is usually pre-buried or fixed on the tunnel wall in a mode of being bonded by the planted bar glue. The fixing manner of the second permanent magnet 2 is not described in detail herein, and it is only necessary to ensure that the axis of the second permanent magnet 2 coincides with or is parallel to the laser beam emitted by the laser range finder 3. In addition, the magnetic poles of one side of the permanent magnet 1 far away from the tunnel wall and one side of the permanent magnet 2 far away from the laser range finder 3 are opposite, and the permanent magnets can be mutually magnetically attracted. Preferably, in order to prevent the impact force of the first permanent magnet 1 and the second permanent magnet 2 from being too large when the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are mutually close to each other and adsorbed together, a spacer 4 is generally arranged between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet to protect the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and the specific structure and form of the spacer 4 are not limited only herein, and the spacer may be arranged on the surface of the first permanent magnet, the surface of the second permanent magnet, or the wall of the tail end of the laser range finder after the second permanent magnet is installed.
When two cylindrical permanent magnets with the same structure and size are attracted to each other, the two cylindrical permanent magnets are automatically forced to be centered due to the distribution characteristic of magnetic force lines, that is, the two cylindrical permanent magnets are necessarily coaxial, which is the characteristic of the permanent magnets, and not described in detail herein. The application aims to apply the characteristic of the automatic forced centering to convergence monitoring of tunnels.
The convergence monitoring method of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
a. A laser distance meter with a second permanent magnet is close to the first permanent magnet fixed on the tunnel wall, the laser distance meter is automatically fixed on the first permanent magnet under the action of magnetic attraction, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are automatically concentric;
b. starting a laser range finder, testing and recording data;
c. The laser distance measuring instrument is pushed transversely, so that the permanent magnet is translated relative to the first permanent magnet until the laser distance measuring instrument is taken down; because of the magnetic attraction characteristic, the resistance of the laser range finder which is directly perpendicular to the tunnel wall is large, so that a flat pushing mode is adopted;
d. repeating the steps, measuring multiple data, and taking the average value as the result data.
Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of applying the method for performing distance monitoring by using the forced centering method in the present embodiment to shield segment clearance convergence monitoring. The method for monitoring the headroom convergence is the same as that for monitoring the tunnel headroom convergence. The effect of the convergence monitoring method of the present embodiment is verified with reference to some test data.
Example 1
Five testers continuously measure 3 times at the same test point, wherein the appearance size of a permanent magnet adopted in the test is a cylindrical magnet with the diameter phi 25mm and the thickness 3 mm; the model of the laser range finder for testing is doctor GLM30 (working range: 0.15-30 m; minimum indication range: 1 mm; laser grade: class 2, 635nm, <1nW; maximum measurement times: 5000; drop-proof test: 1m; measurement accuracy ± 2 mm; dust-proof and splash-proof grade: IP 54; working temperature: -10deg.C … +45deg.C; storage temperature: -20deg.C … +70deg.C; size: 105 x 41 x 24 mm; weight: 0.1 kg; test site is Zhejiang metro shield tunnel of certain city, inner diameter of the tunnel segment is 5.5m (outer diameter 6.2m, wall thickness 0.35 m), and test distance is 5.5m.
Form a parallel measurement condition table of same measuring point and different testers
The test results for table one above were analyzed as follows:
(1) The consistency of the data tested by different people at the same test point is high, and the accuracy is high;
(2) The time spent by different personnel for multiple tests at the same test point is close, and the time spent is far less than that of a conventional convergence monitoring mode (in the prior art, the time spent by a skilled person for continuously measuring three times at the same measurement point by using a range finder is more than 3 minutes, and the time spent for continuously measuring three times at the same measurement point by using a convergence ruler and a total station is more than 5 minutes);
(3) The test results are less affected by the skill level of the person.
Example two
The second table is a test data statistical table for long-term monitoring of a plurality of test points (randomly selected), wherein the diameter of a permanent magnet adopted in the test is phi 25mm, and the thickness is 3mm; the model of the laser range finder for testing is doctor GLM30, and the testing precision is 2mm.
Table two convergence test data statistics table
The test results for table two were analyzed as follows:
When a plurality of persons are tested in parallel, the probability of identical single data is more than 80%, the average value of 3 test results of the same tester is the final value of each test, and the probability of identical data is 98.3% in parallel observation. The results show that when the same instrument and different people are adopted for parallel observation, the final test result is basically unchanged or maximally different by 1mm, meets the requirements of the current national standard, and is superior to the current actual measurement index.
It should be noted that, the method for performing distance monitoring by using the forced centering method in this embodiment is not limited to the aspect of tunnel and shield segment clearance convergence monitoring, but may be applied to any other field where the distance or the distance between the 2 points (surfaces) is tested.
In summary, the foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention, and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for monitoring the distance by using the forced centering mode is characterized in that the used distance monitoring device comprises a forced centering device and a laser range finder, wherein the forced centering device comprises a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet which are identical or similar in structure and size, the first permanent magnet is fixed on a measurement base point, the second permanent magnet is fixed on the tail end of the laser range finder, and the axis of the second permanent magnet is coincident with or parallel to a laser beam emitted by the laser range finder; the distance monitoring method is applied to clearance convergence monitoring of a tunnel or a shield segment, the permanent magnet I is fixed on the tunnel wall or the shield segment inner wall, and the distance monitoring method comprises the following steps:
a. The laser distance measuring instrument with the second permanent magnet is close to the first permanent magnet fixed on the measurement base point, the laser distance measuring instrument is automatically fixed on the first permanent magnet under the action of magnetic attraction, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are automatically concentric;
b. starting a laser range finder, testing and recording data;
c. the laser distance measuring instrument is pushed transversely, so that the permanent magnet is translated relative to the first permanent magnet until the laser distance measuring instrument is taken down;
d. repeating the steps, measuring multiple data, and taking the average value as the result data.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein a spacer is provided between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first and second permanent magnets are cylindrical and of the same size.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the first and second permanent magnets have a diameter of from 15mm to 30mm and a thickness of from 2mm to 5mm.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the first and second permanent magnets have a diameter of 20mm and a thickness of 3mm.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the permanent magnet is pre-buried on the tunnel wall or on the inner wall of the shield segment.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the permanent magnet is bonded to the tunnel wall or the inner wall of the shield segment by means of a bead filler.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710607027.0A CN107525495B (en) | 2017-07-24 | 2017-07-24 | Method for monitoring distance by forced centering mode |
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| CN201710607027.0A CN107525495B (en) | 2017-07-24 | 2017-07-24 | Method for monitoring distance by forced centering mode |
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| CN107525495A CN107525495A (en) | 2017-12-29 |
| CN107525495B true CN107525495B (en) | 2024-06-28 |
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| CN201710607027.0A Active CN107525495B (en) | 2017-07-24 | 2017-07-24 | Method for monitoring distance by forced centering mode |
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| CN110006355A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-12 | 上海建工一建集团有限公司 | A kind of round tube steel column gap measuring device and measurement method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101251371A (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2008-08-27 | 中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 | Method for monitoring laser collimation TBM tunnel clearance displacement |
| CN203939504U (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-11-12 | 葛洲坝集团基础工程有限公司 | A kind of shield tunnel forced centering control point survey device |
| CN106441249A (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-02-22 | 东莞中子科学中心 | Beacon bracket for instrument height measurement and application thereof |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2643709B1 (en) * | 1989-02-27 | 1993-11-19 | Fabrication Instruments Mesure | NAVIGATION ASSISTANCE METHOD AND IMPROVED LAND NAVIGATOR |
| JP2000164059A (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 2000-06-16 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Switch with resetting function |
| JP3687622B2 (en) * | 2002-04-01 | 2005-08-24 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Method for detecting rotor position of rotating electrical machine |
| CN1554924A (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2004-12-15 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Non-contact convergent monitoring method for underground cave and tunnel |
| JP5441178B2 (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2014-03-12 | 独立行政法人情報通信研究機構 | Cognitive radio communication system and cognitive radio communication relay device |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101251371A (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2008-08-27 | 中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 | Method for monitoring laser collimation TBM tunnel clearance displacement |
| CN203939504U (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-11-12 | 葛洲坝集团基础工程有限公司 | A kind of shield tunnel forced centering control point survey device |
| CN106441249A (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-02-22 | 东莞中子科学中心 | Beacon bracket for instrument height measurement and application thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20180531 Address after: No. 1, Gongshu District construction road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Applicant after: ZHEJIANG SINOMA ENGINEERING EXPLORATION DESIGN Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Zhang Shengli Address before: No. 1, Gongshu District construction road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Applicant before: Zhang Shengli |
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Address after: No. 1, Gongshu District construction road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Patentee after: China National Building Materials (Zhejiang) Survey and Design Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Patentee after: Zhang Shengli Address before: No. 1, Gongshu District construction road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Patentee before: ZHEJIANG SINOMA ENGINEERING EXPLORATION DESIGN Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China Patentee before: Zhang Shengli |