CN105277166A - Measuring device for perpendicularity and planeness of vertical type rail and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Measuring device for perpendicularity and planeness of vertical type rail and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105277166A CN105277166A CN201510868653.6A CN201510868653A CN105277166A CN 105277166 A CN105277166 A CN 105277166A CN 201510868653 A CN201510868653 A CN 201510868653A CN 105277166 A CN105277166 A CN 105277166A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a measuring device for perpendicularity and planeness of a vertical type rail and a measuring method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of measurement of the perpendicularity and planeness. The measuring device for the perpendicularity and planeness of the vertical type rail comprises a measuring unit and a positioning unit. The measuring unit comprises a total station or a theodolite or a gradienter. The positioning unit comprises a measuring rod, a connecting piece and a magnetic base. The measuring rod is fixed to the upper surface of the magnetic base through the connecting piece. The planeness of the bottom face of the magnetic base is smaller than 0.005 mm. The measuring method includes the steps of assembling, absorbing, zero returning, measuring unit position selection, eyepiece observation, adjusting, measuring point replacement and rail debugging. According to the device and the method, the measuring unit and the positioning unit are arranged in a separated mode, the positioning unit achieves accurate positioning through the measuring rod and attraction by the magnetic, and the purpose of accurate measuring of the perpendicularity and planeness in any space without being affected by external factors can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to verticality and flatness field of measuring technique, be specifically related to measurement mechanism and the measuring method thereof of a kind of vertical rail verticality and flatness.
Background technology
Vertical rail, in Installation and Debugging process, needs to utilize the vertical track flatness of survey instrument, verticality measures.When measuring the verticality of vertical rail (or plane), flatness in the past, conventional way adopts messenger wire pendant and steel tape to carry out the measurement of verticality, flatness to equipment, the method very easily affects wayward by the factor such as wind, vibrations, and steel tape reading accuracy is lower, thus cause measuring accuracy poor.
China Patent Publication No.: CN105004252A, the detection method of verticality between the Mosaic face that patent document discloses a kind of square-section slender piece of publication date: 2015.10.28 and reference field, it utilizes the measurer with two meters to carry out the detection of verticality between to be spliced of square-section slender piece and reference field, in testing process under the prerequisite keeping the face that posts of vertically surface and square-section slender piece in vertical dial framework to be close to, only need move vertical dial framework, make horizontal dial framework close towards the direction of the reference field of square-section slender piece, and observe two meters, reading is recorded when two meters have the reading being greater than 0 simultaneously, again according to the length of square-section slender piece along vertical dial framework moving direction, distance between two meters and the reading of two meters just can calculate verticality, whole testing process is simple, whole testing process only need move vertical dial framework, and observe two meters, testing cost is low, and detection efficiency is high, utilize the reading of meter to calculate verticality, accuracy of detection is high.This invention carries out measurements and calculations verticality by mobile vertical dial framework and observation two meter readings, but need in testing process to keep the interior vertical surface of vertical dial framework and the face that posts of square-section slender piece to be close to, how to keep also is a technical issues that need to address.
Summary of the invention
1. the technical matters that will solve
Measurement for vertical rail verticality of the prior art and flatness affects by extraneous factor, the verticality of narrow and small or confined space and flatness are not easy measurement problem, the invention provides measurement mechanism and the measuring method thereof of a kind of vertical rail verticality and flatness.It is provided separately by measuring unit and positioning unit, and positioning unit measures gauge rod and magnet base absorption is accurately located, and can realize the verticality in any space and flatness and accurately to measure and not by the object that extraneous factor affects.
2. technical scheme
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is carried out in the following manner:
A measurement mechanism for vertical rail verticality and flatness, comprises measuring unit and positioning unit, and measuring unit is total powerstation, transit or level meter; Positioning unit comprises measures gauge rod, web member and magnet base; Wherein, gauge rod is fixed on magnet base upper surface by web member is measured; The soffit plane degree of magnet base is less than 0.005mm.
Preferably, measuring gauge rod is micrometer inside caliper gauge rod; Web member cross section cylindrical structure in T shape, top has web member thread groove, and bottom is web member threaded rod, and the gauge rod threads bar of web member thread groove and measurement gauge rod is connected; The magnet base thread groove that web member threaded rod and magnet base end face have is connected.
Preferably, magnet base side is provided with magnetic force break-make knob.
Preferably, the precision of micrometer inside caliper gauge rod is 0.005mm.
The measurement mechanism of vertical rail verticality and flatness is to a measuring method for verticality, and its step comprises:
A, assembling: measurement gauge rod, web member and magnet base are assembled into positioning unit, it is vertical with magnet base that inspection, debugging confirm to measure gauge rod;
B, absorption: magnet base is adsorbed on a certain measurement point needing the track measured;
C, zero: gauge rod size zero will be measured;
D, measuring unit bit selecting: the position of total powerstation being placed the visual measurement gauge rod of its eyepiece;
E, eyepiece are observed: by eyepiece, and whether the position observing the gauge rod convex surface measuring gauge rod overlaps with eyepiece inner cross silk; If overlapped, record measurement point position, changes another measurement point eyepiece observation of track, if again overlap, and record measurement point position, by that analogy; When arbitrary generation that do not overlap, carry out next step;
F, adjustment: gauge rod is measured in adjustment, until overlap, adjustment amount is now the error of verticality or flatness and record;
G, change measurement point: change another measurement point and continue to measure, step is the same and recorded by measurement adjustment amount;
H, track are debugged: according to record debugging track, until the many measurement points of same track all overlap through eyepiece observation.
The measurement mechanism of vertical rail verticality and flatness is to a measuring method for many vertical rail flatnesses, and step comprises:
A, assembling: measurement gauge rod, web member and magnet base are assembled into positioning unit, it is vertical with magnet base that inspection, debugging confirm to measure gauge rod;
B, absorption: magnet base is adsorbed on a certain measurement point needing the track measured;
C, zero: gauge rod size zero will be measured;
D, range estimation: total powerstation is placed on the approximate centre line of tested many tracks;
E, determine datum line: utilize total powerstation to be measured by eyepiece observation to lift one's head, the flatness numerical value of tail two vertical rails, whether the position first observing the gauge rod convex surface of top vertical rail measurement gauge rod overlaps with eyepiece inner cross silk, if do not overlap, gauge rod is measured in adjustment, until overlap, adjustment amount is now the flatness numerical value of top vertical rail and record; Whether observe the position of gauge rod convex surface that tail bar vertical rail measures gauge rod again to overlap with eyepiece inner cross silk, if do not overlap, adjustment, until coincidence, adjustment amount is now the flatness numerical value of tail bar vertical rail and record if measuring gauge rod; And according to records of values, total powerstation is adjusted; This step repeatedly, until two flatness numerical value are identical, then datum line when this line is the measurement of planeness;
F, track are debugged: the flatness numerical value measuring other vertical rail according to datum line, and record data also adjust track, until same track many measurement points measurement numerical value is identical.
Preferably, in step H many measurement points for adjust accordingly according to track length or area difference.
Preferably, before step B absorption, the measurement point of track is first planned.
Positioning unit, in an application that is narrow and small, confined space, is placed on the measurement point of narrow and small, confined space, then is measured by measuring unit by the measuring method of the measurement mechanism of vertical rail verticality and flatness.
3. beneficial effect
Adopt technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with existing known technology, there is following remarkable result:
(1) measurement mechanism of a kind of vertical rail verticality of the present invention and flatness, be provided separately by measuring unit and positioning unit, in measuring unit, total powerstation, transit or level meter all can be flexible detected a long way off by its eyepiece, then measure the adjustment of gauge rod high scale by positioning unit and magnet base absorption is accurately located; By selecting after positioning unit microminiaturization, locate in narrow and small or closed interior volume again, and then measure through the outside of measuring unit in narrow and small or closed space, the verticality in any space and flatness can be realized and accurately to measure and not by the object that extraneous factor affects;
(2) measurement mechanism of a kind of vertical rail verticality of the present invention and flatness, web member plays the effect of forming a connecting link, micrometer inside caliper gauge rod plays regulatory role, utilize being threaded of the bolt arrangement of its tail end and web member, arrange external thread rod bottom web member and magnet base thread groove is connected, be dismountable connected mode, micrometer inside caliper gauge rod need not be transformed, can also be applied to original micrometer inside caliper, whole positioning unit improvement cost is low;
(3) measurement mechanism of a kind of vertical rail verticality of the present invention and flatness, the setting of magnetic force break-make knob, makes the transposition work of measurement point be more prone to, by this knob, break-make is realized to magnetic force, easy to operate, after solving location survey, be not easy the technical matters of taking off or replacing; Positioning unit is multiple, detects for measuring unit simultaneously, improves and measures efficiency;
(4) measuring method of the measurement mechanism of vertical rail verticality of the present invention and flatness, principle is simple, easy to operate, can measure verticality and the flatness of track without the need to complicated calculations.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is positioning unit structural representation of the present invention.
In figure: 1, measure gauge rod; 2, web member; 3, magnet base; 11, gauge rod convex surface; 12, gauge rod threads bar; 21, web member threaded rod; 22, web member thread groove; 31, magnet base thread groove; 32, magnetic force break-make knob.
Embodiment
For further describing the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1
A kind of vertical rail verticality of this example and the measurement mechanism of flatness, be applied to the measurement of the verticality of vertical track, comprise measuring unit and positioning unit, measuring unit is total powerstation; As shown in Figure 1, positioning unit comprises measurement gauge rod 1, web member 2 and magnet base 3; Wherein, gauge rod 1 is fixed on magnet base 2 upper surface by web member 2 is measured; The soffit plane degree of magnet base 2 is less than 0.005mm.Measuring gauge rod 1 is micrometer inside caliper gauge rod, and precision is 0.005mm; Web member 2 cross section cylindrical structure in T shape, top has web member thread groove 22, and bottom is web member threaded rod 21, and the gauge rod threads bar 12 of web member thread groove 22 and measurement gauge rod 1 is connected; The magnet base thread groove 31 that web member threaded rod 21 and magnet base 3 end face have is connected.
The vertical rail verticality of this example and the measurement mechanism of flatness are to the measuring method of verticality, and its step comprises:
A, assembling: by magnet base 3 upper surface jewel hole tapping M10*1.5-15, form magnet base thread groove 31; M10*1.5-12 external thread (i.e. web member threaded rod 21) is processed in the bottom of the web member 2 of cross section cylindrical structure in T shape, match with magnet base, M12*1 internal thread is processed on top, i.e. web member thread groove 22, matches with micrometer inside caliper gauge rod threads bar 12; Like this, measurement gauge rod 1, web member 2 and magnet base 3 are threaded connection and are assembled into positioning unit, and inspection, debugging confirm that micrometer inside caliper gauge rod is vertical with magnet base 3, and can plan the measurement point of track in advance; Also can assemble multiple positioning unit, use simultaneously and be positioned check point;
B, absorption: magnet base 3 is adsorbed on and needs the side end face of the track measured to measure verticality;
C, zero: micrometer inside caliper gauge rod size is made zero;
D, measuring unit bit selecting: total powerstation is placed on the position that its eyepiece can see the gauge rod convex surface 11 of micrometer inside caliper gauge rod;
E, eyepiece are observed: by eyepiece, and whether the position observing gauge rod convex surface 11 overlaps with eyepiece inner cross silk; If coincidence, record measurement point position A, changes another measurement point eyepiece observation of rail side end face, if again overlap, record measurement point position B, by that analogy, when replacing thirdly also overlaps, confirms that its verticality meets the requirements; When arbitrary generation that do not overlap, carry out next step;
F, adjustment: adjustment micrometer inside caliper gauge rod, until overlap, adjustment amount is now the error of verticality and record;
G, change measurement point: change another measurement point and continue to measure, step is the same and will measure adjustment amount record;
H, track are debugged: according to record debugging track, until the many measurement points of same track are after eyepiece observation all overlaps, verticality adjusts and measures complete; The quantity of measurement point can adjust accordingly according to track length or area difference.
The vertical rail verticality of this example and the measurement mechanism of flatness are to the measuring method of many vertical rail flatnesses, and step comprises:
A, assembling: by magnet base 3 upper surface jewel hole tapping M10*1.5-15, form magnet base thread groove 31; M10*1.5-12 external thread (i.e. web member threaded rod 21) is processed in the bottom of the web member 2 of cross section cylindrical structure in T shape, match with magnet base, M12*1 internal thread is processed on top, i.e. web member thread groove 22, matches with micrometer inside caliper gauge rod threads bar 12; Like this, measurement gauge rod 1, web member 2 and magnet base 3 are threaded connection and are assembled into positioning unit, and inspection, debugging confirm that micrometer inside caliper gauge rod is vertical with magnet base 3, and can plan the measurement point of track in advance;
B, absorption: magnet base 3 is adsorbed on the front end face measurement plane degree needing the track measured;
C, zero: micrometer inside caliper gauge rod size is made zero;
D, range estimation: total powerstation is placed on the approximate centre line of tested many tracks;
E, determine datum line: utilize total powerstation to be measured by eyepiece observation to lift one's head, the flatness numerical value of tail two vertical rails, whether the position first observing the gauge rod convex surface 11 of top vertical rail measurement gauge rod overlaps with eyepiece inner cross silk, if do not overlap, gauge rod 1 is measured in adjustment, until overlap, adjustment amount is now the flatness numerical value of top vertical rail and record; Whether observe the position of gauge rod convex surface 11 that tail bar vertical rail measures gauge rod again to overlap with eyepiece inner cross silk, if do not overlap, adjustment, until coincidence, adjustment amount is now the flatness numerical value of tail bar vertical rail and record if measuring gauge rod 1; And according to records of values, total powerstation is adjusted; This step repeatedly, until two flatness numerical value are identical, then datum line when this line is the measurement of planeness;
F, track are debugged: the flatness numerical value measuring other vertical rail according to datum line, and record data also adjust track, until same track many measurement points measurement numerical value is identical.
A kind of vertical rail verticality of this example and the measurement mechanism of flatness and measuring method thereof, improvement cost is low, registration, and accuracy of measurement is high.
Embodiment 2
The measurement mechanism of a kind of verticality of this example, is applied to the verticality of vertical plane in small space, and basic structure is with embodiment 1, and improvements are: magnet base 3 side is provided with magnetic force break-make knob 32; And whole positioning unit is microminiaturized, put into small space position to facilitate; Measuring unit is transit.
The measuring method of the vertical rail verticality of this example and the measurement mechanism of flatness, the basic embodiment 1 of its step, difference is: step D, measuring unit bit selecting: transit is placed on the position that its eyepiece can see the gauge rod convex surface 11 of micrometer inside caliper gauge rod; Without the need to carrying out step H, only detect the verticality of vertical plane in this small space.
Embodiment 3
The measurement mechanism of a kind of flatness of this example, be applied to the flatness of enclosure space inner plane, structure is with embodiment 2, and enclosure space needs to arrange the visual window (such as windowpane) can observed from outside, and difference is: measuring unit is level meter.
A kind of vertical rail verticality of this example and the measurement mechanism of flatness and measuring method thereof, the basic embodiment 2 of its step, difference is: step D, measuring unit bit selecting: level meter is placed on the position that its eyepiece can see the gauge rod convex surface 11 of micrometer inside caliper gauge rod; Without the need to carrying out step H, only detect the flatness of this enclosure space inner plane.
Below be schematically described the invention and embodiment thereof, this description is not restricted.So, if those of ordinary skill in the art enlightens by it, when not departing from this creation aim, designing the frame mode similar to this technical scheme and embodiment without creationary, the protection domain of this patent all should be belonged to.
Claims (9)
1. a measurement mechanism for vertical rail verticality and flatness, comprises measuring unit and positioning unit, it is characterized in that, described measuring unit is total powerstation, transit or level meter; Described positioning unit comprises measures gauge rod (1), web member (2) and magnet base (3); Wherein, described measurement gauge rod (1) is fixed on the upper surface of magnet base (2) by web member (2); The soffit plane degree of described magnet base (2) is less than 0.005mm.
2. the measurement mechanism of vertical rail verticality according to claim 1 and flatness, is characterized in that: described measurement gauge rod (1) is micrometer inside caliper gauge rod; Described web member (2) cross section cylindrical structure in T shape, top has web member thread groove (22), bottom is web member threaded rod (21), and the gauge rod threads bar (12) of web member thread groove (22) and measurement gauge rod (1) is connected; The magnet base thread groove (31) that web member threaded rod (21) and magnet base (3) end face have is connected.
3. the measurement mechanism of vertical rail verticality according to claim 2 and flatness, is characterized in that: described magnet base (3) side is provided with magnetic force break-make knob (32).
4. the measurement mechanism of vertical rail verticality according to claim 2 and flatness, is characterized in that: the precision of described micrometer inside caliper gauge rod is 0.005mm.
5. the measurement mechanism of vertical rail verticality and flatness described in claim 1 is to a measuring method for verticality, and it is characterized in that, step comprises:
A, assembling: gauge rod (1), web member (2) and magnet base (3) will be measured and be assembled into positioning unit, it is vertical with magnet base (3) that inspection, debugging confirm to measure gauge rod (1);
B, absorption: magnet base (3) is adsorbed on a certain measurement point needing the track measured;
C, zero: gauge rod (1) size zero will be measured;
D, measuring unit bit selecting: the position of total powerstation being placed the visual measurement gauge rod (1) of its eyepiece;
E, eyepiece are observed: by eyepiece, and whether the position observing the gauge rod convex surface (11) measuring gauge rod overlaps with eyepiece inner cross silk; If overlapped, record measurement point position, changes another measurement point eyepiece observation of track, if again overlap, and record measurement point position, by that analogy; When arbitrary generation that do not overlap, carry out next step;
F, adjustment: gauge rod (1) is measured in adjustment, until overlap, adjustment amount is now the error of verticality and record;
G, change measurement point: change another measurement point and continue to measure, step is the same and recorded by measurement adjustment amount;
H, track are debugged: according to record debugging track, until the many measurement points of same track all overlap through eyepiece observation.
6. the measurement mechanism of vertical rail verticality and flatness described in claim 1 is to a measuring method for many vertical rail flatnesses, and it is characterized in that, step comprises:
A, assembling: gauge rod (1), web member (2) and magnet base (3) will be measured and be assembled into positioning unit, it is vertical with magnet base (3) that inspection, debugging confirm to measure gauge rod (1);
B, absorption: magnet base (3) is adsorbed on a certain measurement point needing the track measured;
C, zero: gauge rod (1) size zero will be measured;
D, range estimation: total powerstation is placed on the approximate centre line of tested many tracks;
E, determine datum line: utilize total powerstation to be measured by eyepiece observation to lift one's head, the flatness numerical value of tail two vertical rails, whether the position first observing the gauge rod convex surface (11) of top vertical rail measurement gauge rod overlaps with eyepiece inner cross silk, if do not overlap, gauge rod (1) is measured in adjustment, until overlap, adjustment amount is now the flatness numerical value of top vertical rail and record; Whether the position observing the gauge rod convex surface (11) of tail bar vertical rail measurement gauge rod again overlaps with eyepiece inner cross silk, if do not overlap, gauge rod (1) is measured in adjustment, until overlap, adjustment amount is now the flatness numerical value of tail bar vertical rail and record; And according to records of values, total powerstation is adjusted; This step repeatedly, until two flatness numerical value are identical, then datum line when this line is the measurement of planeness;
F, track are debugged: the flatness numerical value measuring other vertical rail according to datum line, and record data also adjust track, until same track many measurement points measurement numerical value is identical.
7. the measuring method of the measurement mechanism of vertical rail verticality according to claim 5 and flatness, is characterized in that: described in step H, many measurement points are for adjust accordingly according to track length or area difference.
8. the measuring method of the vertical rail verticality according to claim 5 or 6 or 7 and the measurement mechanism of flatness, is characterized in that: before step B absorption, first plan the measurement point of track; Described positioning unit is multiple, locates on vertical rail simultaneously.
9. the measurement mechanism of vertical rail verticality according to claim 1 and flatness is in an application that is narrow and small, confined space, it is characterized in that: be placed in by positioning unit on the measurement point of narrow and small, confined space, then measured by measuring unit.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108603757A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2018-09-28 | 宝马股份公司 | Method, surface evaluation system and computer program product for determining surface shape deviations |
| CN111076643A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-28 | 航天海鹰(哈尔滨)钛业有限公司 | Turning section class work piece back-off internal diameter examines utensil |
| CN114763983A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-07-19 | 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 | Leveling, positioning and measuring method for foundation trench |
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| CN114763983B (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-10-20 | 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 | Base groove leveling positioning measurement method |
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Effective date of registration: 20180905 Address after: 243000 No. 1889 Taibai Road, Ma'anshan economic and Technological Development Zone, Anhui Patentee after: ANHUI MASTEEL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO., LTD. Address before: No. 3 Taibai Road, Ma'anshan, Anhui Province, Anhui Patentee before: Masteel Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20180921 Address after: 243041 No. 300, middle section of Tianmen Road, Ma'anshan, Anhui Patentee after: Anhui Magang equipment overhaul Co., Ltd. Address before: 243000 No. 1889 Taibai Road, Ma'anshan economic and Technological Development Zone, Anhui Patentee before: ANHUI MASTEEL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO., LTD. |