CN107519439A - 一种用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107519439A
CN107519439A CN201710869634.4A CN201710869634A CN107519439A CN 107519439 A CN107519439 A CN 107519439A CN 201710869634 A CN201710869634 A CN 201710869634A CN 107519439 A CN107519439 A CN 107519439A
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罗倩茹
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Sichuan Juhao Biotechnology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于中药制剂领域,目的是根据中医治疗小儿咳嗽的认识机理而提供一种用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下:霜桑叶80~160g、桂枝30~120g、菊花100~160g、桔梗30~100g、连翘150~350g、白果45~85g、炒苦杏仁45~85g、芦根150~350g、葛根80~160g、苍术30~100g、白茅根100~350g、金银花150~300g、大青叶80~160g、五味子30~70g、前胡30~100g、浙贝母150~250g、紫菀50~100g、白芥子30~100g、射干30~100g、款冬花50~100g、橘红150~260g、车前子90~160g等,本发明提供的药物是一个很好的中药组方。

Description

一种用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于中药制剂领域,具体涉及一种用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物,特别是供小儿咳嗽患者使用的内服药物及其制备方法的领域。
背景技术
医者认为:小儿咳嗽是一种防御性反射运动,可以阻止异物吸入,防止支气管分泌物的积聚,清除分泌物避免呼吸道继发感染。任何病因引起呼吸道急、慢性炎症均可引起咳嗽。根据病程可分为急性咳嗽、亚急性咳嗽和慢性咳嗽。
临床症状:
A.特异性咳嗽
指咳嗽伴有能够提示特异性病因的其他症状或体征,即咳嗽是这些诊断明确的疾病的症状之一。例如咳嗽伴随呼气性呼吸困难、听诊有呼气相延长或哮鸣音者,往往提示胸内气道病变如气管支气管炎、哮喘、先天性气道发育异常(如管支气管软化)等;伴随呼吸急促、缺氧或发绀者提示肺部炎症;伴随生长发育障碍、杵状指(趾)者往往提示严重慢性肺部疾病及先天性心脏病等;伴随有脓痰者提示肺部炎症、支气管扩张等;伴随咯血者提示严重肺部感染、肺部血管性疾病、肺含铁血黄素沉着症或支气管扩张等。
B.非特异性咳嗽
指咳嗽为主要或惟一表现,胸X线片未见异常的慢性咳嗽。目前临床上的慢性咳嗽主要就是指这一类咳嗽,又称“狭义的慢性咳嗽”。儿童非特异性咳嗽的原因具有年龄特点,需要仔细的系统评估、详尽的病史询问和体格检查对这类患儿需要作胸X线片检查,年龄适宜者应作肺通气功能检查。
那么,就如何找到一种可有效治疗小儿咳嗽的中药组合物,是本领域技术人员亟待要解决的问题。
发明内容
随着我国中医中药学的不断发展,在治疗小儿咳嗽上,人们逐渐意识到了中医治疗小儿咳嗽的优点,且在治疗过程中疗效好、见效快、毒副作用小等优势,针对现有西医治疗小儿咳嗽的现状,本发明的目的是在于提供一种用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物,以解决小儿咳嗽患者早日恢复健康的问题。该药物是以常见的中药为原料,通过选择合理的药物及其质量份比,可有效治疗上述小儿咳嗽。
为达到上述发明的目的,本发明所采用的技术方案为:提供一种用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物及其制备方法,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
霜桑叶80~160g、桂枝30~120g、菊花100~160g、桔梗30~100g、连翘150~350g、白果45~85g、炒苦杏仁45~85g、芦根150~350g、葛根80~160g、苍术30~100g、白茅根100~350g、金银花150~300g、大青叶80~160g、五味子30~70g、前胡30~100g、浙贝母150~250g、紫菀50~100g、白芥子30~100g、射干30~100g、款冬花50~100g、橘红150~260g、车前子90~160g、百合150~550g、沙参100~160g、麦冬60~150g、百部30~90g、陈皮30~100g、玉竹60~120g、生甘草30~80g、天花粉100~150g,辅料:淀粉适量。
一种用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物及其制备方法,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
霜桑叶90~140g、桂枝38~105g、菊花115~140g、桔梗38~90g、连翘180~320g、白果50~75g、炒苦杏仁50~75g、芦根180~320g、葛根90~140g、苍术38~90g、白茅根115~320g、金银花180~260g、大青叶90~140g、五味子38~60g、前胡38~90g、浙贝母180~220g、紫菀58~90g、白芥子38~90g、射干36~90g、款冬花58~90g、橘红180~230g、车前子100~130g、百合180~480g、沙参115~130g、麦冬70~130g、百部38~80g、陈皮38~90g、玉竹70~105g、生甘草38~70g、天花粉115~130g,辅料:淀粉适量。
一种用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物及其制备方法,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
霜桑叶120g、桂枝95g、菊花120g、桔梗80g、连翘280g、白果65g、炒苦杏仁65g、芦根280g、葛根120g、苍术80g、白茅根280g、金银花230g、大青叶120g、五味子52g、前胡80g、浙贝母200g、紫菀80g、白芥子80g、射干80g、款冬花80g、橘红200g、车前子115g、百合420g、沙参118g、麦冬115g、百部70g、陈皮80g、玉竹95g、生甘草60g、天花粉118g,辅料:淀粉适量。
一种用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物及其制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括如下步骤制备而成:
A、将上述原料中药拣去杂质、粉尘及干燥后,按照质量份比共研为极细末待用;
B、按照传统制备中药水丸剂的方法,将研磨好的极细末药物和淀粉过筛后,放入药器中混合拌均,然后制备成水丸剂(其水丸的粒度为:3.9mm~4.0mm),进而烘干、消毒,分装密封即可。
一种用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物及其制备方法,其特征在于,所述服用方法为:将制备好的水丸剂药物以每日3次服用,早中晚各服一次,给药量:1~4岁2.5g/次,4岁以上5g /次,温开水送服。7天为一疗程,服药1~2个疗程后,患者咳嗽减轻、痰量减少,休息正常,病获痊愈。
本发明组方中的各原料中药在中国药典、中国辞典以及其中华本草中均有详细的记载。本发明选用其中最常见的中药为原料,充分发挥各组分的药理功效:
霜桑叶,性味:甘、苦、寒,具有疏散风热、清肺润燥、清肝明目之功效,用于治疗风热感冒、肺热燥咳、头晕头痛、目赤昏花,桑叶还善于散风热而泄肺热、对外感风热、头痛、咳嗽等;
桂枝,性味:辛、甘、温,具有发汗解肌、温通经脉、助阳化气、平冲降气之功效,用于治疗风寒感冒、脘腹冷痛、血寒经闭、关节痹痛、痰饮、水肿、心悸、奔豚等症;
菊花,性味:味甘、苦、性微寒,具有疏风清热、平肝明目、解毒消肿之功效,用于治疗外感风或风温初起、发热头痛、眩晕、目赤肿痛、疔疮肿毒;
桔梗,性味:苦、辛、平,具有宣肺、利咽、祛痰、排脓之功效,用于治疗咳嗽痰多、胸闷不畅、咽痛、音哑、肺痈吐脓、疮疡脓成不溃;
连翘,性味:苦、性微寒,具有清热解毒、消肿散结、风热感冒之功效,用于治疗风热感冒、温病、热淋尿闭、痈疽、肿毒、瘰疬、瘿瘤、喉痹等症;
白果,性味:甘、苦、涩、平,有毒,具有敛肺定喘、止带浊、缩小便之功效,用于治疗痰多喘咳、带下白浊、遗尿尿频;
炒苦杏仁,性味:苦、微温,有小毒,具有降气止咳平喘、润肠通便之功效,用于治疗咳嗽气喘、胸满痰多、血虚津枯、肠燥便秘等症;
芦根,性味:甘、寒,具有清热生津、除烦、止呕、利尿之功效,用于治疗热病烦渴、胃热呕哕、肺热咳嗽、肺痈吐脓、热淋涩痛;
葛根,性味: 甘、辛、平,具有解肌退热、发表透诊、生津止渴、升阳止泻之功效,用于治疗外感发热、头项强痛、麻疹初起、疹出不畅、温病口渴、消渴病、泄泻、痢疾、高血压、冠心病;
苍术,性味:辛、苦、温,具有燥湿健脾、祛风散寒、明目之功效,用于治疗脘腹胀满、泄泻、水肿、脚气痿躄、风湿痹痛、风寒感冒、夜盲等;
白茅根,性味:甘、寒,具有凉血止血、清热生津、利尿通淋之功效,用于治疗血热出血、热病烦渴、胃热呕逆、肺热喘咳、小便淋沥涩痛、水肿、黄疸等症;
金银花,性味:甘、寒,具有清热解毒之功效,用于治疗温病发热、热毒血痢、痈肿疔疮、喉痹及多种感染性疾病;
大青叶,性味:苦、寒,具有清热解毒、凉血消斑之功效,用于治疗热毒发斑、丹毒、咽喉肿痛、口舌生疮、疮痈肿毒;
五味子,性味:味酸、性温,具有收敛固涩、益气生津、宁心安神之功效,用于治疗咳嗽虚喘、梦遗滑精、尿颇遗尿、久泻不止、自汗盗汗、津伤口渴、心悸失眠等;
前胡,性味:苦、辛、微寒,具有散风清热,降气化痰之功效,用于治疗风热咳嗽痰多、痰热喘满、咯痰黄稠;
浙贝母,性味:苦、寒,具有清热散结、化痰止咳之功效,用于治疗风热犯肺、痰火咳嗽、肺痈、乳痈、瘰疬、疮毒等症;
紫菀,性味:辛、苦、温,具有润肺下气、消痰止咳之功效,用于治疗痰多喘咳、新久咳嗽、劳嗽咳血;
白芥子,性味:辛、热,无毒,具有温肺豁痰利气、散结通络止痛、散结消肿之功效,用于治疗咳喘痰多、胸满胁痛、肢体麻木、关节肿痛、湿痰流注、阴疽肿毒,还治乳痈、乳癌、乳腺疼痛、结核、痰饮咳喘、胸胁胀满疼痛、反胃呕吐、中风不语、肢体痹痛麻木、脚气、阴疽、肿毒、跌打肿痛;
射干,性味:苦、寒,具有清热解毒、消痰、利咽之功效,用于治疗热毒痰火郁结、咽喉肿痛、痰涎壅盛、咳嗽气喘;
款冬花,性味:辛、微苦、温,具有润肺下气,止咳化痰之功效,用于治疗新久咳嗽、喘咳痰多、劳嗽咳血;
橘红,性味:辛、苦、温,具有散寒、燥湿、利气、消痰之功效,用于治疗风寒咳嗽、喉痒痰多、食积伤酒、呕恶痞闷;
车前子,性味:甘、微寒,具有清热利尿、渗湿通淋、明目、祛痰之功效,用于治疗水肿胀满、热淋涩痛、暑湿泄泻、目赤肿痛、痰热咳嗽;
百合,性味:甘、微苦、微寒,具有养阴润肺、清心安神之功效,用于治疗阴虚久嗽、痰中带血、热病后期、余热未清或情志不遂所致的虚烦惊悸、失眠多梦、精神恍惚、痈肿、湿疮等症;
沙参,性味:味甘、微苦、性微寒,具有养阴清热、润肺化痰、益胃生津之功效,用于治疗阴虚久咳、痨嗽痰血、燥咳痰少、虚热喉痹、津伤口渴;
麦冬,性味:甘、微苦、微寒,具有养阴生津、润肺清心之功效,用于治疗肺燥干咳、虚痨咳嗽、津伤口渴、心烦失眠、内热消渴、肠燥便秘、咽白喉等症;
百部,性味:甘、苦、微温,有小毒,具有润肺下气止咳,杀虫之功效,用于治疗新久咳嗽、肺痨咳嗽、百日咳,外用于头虱、体虱、蛲虫病、阴痒,蜜百部润肺止咳,用于阴虚劳嗽;
陈皮,性味:苦、辛、温,具有理气健脾、燥湿化痰之功效,用于治疗脘腹胀满、食少吐泻、咳嗽痰多;
玉竹,性味:甘、平,具有滋阴润肺、养胃生津之功效,用于治疗燥咳、劳嗽、热病阴液耗伤之咽干口渴、内热消渴、阴虚外感、头昏眩晕、筋脉挛痛;
生甘草,性味:甘、平,具有补脾和胃、益气复脉,《日华子本草》:安魂定魄、补五劳七伤、一切虚损、惊悸、烦闷、健忘、通九窍、利百脉、益精养气、壮筋骨、解冷热;
天花粉,性味:甘、微苦、微寒,具有清热生津、消肿排脓之功效,用于治疗热病烦渴、肺热燥咳、内热消渴、疮疡肿毒。
本发明药物是基于中医治疗小儿咳嗽的原则,从依据小儿咳嗽的病理机制及其药理作用认为:就小儿咳嗽,本发明所提供的药物中的各原料中药药效共奏,对上述疾病有很好的效果。
具体实施方式
本发明就是针对上述小儿咳嗽的治疗而提出的一种中药配方,采用该配方制备的药物药效好,见效快,是一个很好的中药组方,特别适合临床使用。下面结合本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的描述:
实施例1:
一种用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
霜桑叶120g、桂枝95g、菊花120g、桔梗80g、连翘280g、白果65g、炒苦杏仁65g、芦根280g、葛根120g、苍术80g、白茅根280g、金银花230g、大青叶120g、五味子52g、前胡80g、浙贝母200g、紫菀80g、白芥子80g、射干80g、款冬花80g、橘红200g、车前子115g、百合420g、沙参118g、麦冬115g、百部70g、陈皮80g、玉竹95g、生甘草60g、天花粉118g,辅料:淀粉适量。
实施例2:
一种用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
霜桑叶140g、桂枝105g、菊花140g、桔梗90g、连翘320g、白果75g、炒苦杏仁75g、芦根320g、葛根140g、苍术90g、白茅根320g、金银花260g、大青叶140g、五味子60g、前胡90g、浙贝母220g、紫菀90g、白芥子90g、射干90g、款冬花90g、橘红230g、车前子130g、百合480g、沙参130g、麦冬130g、百部80g、陈皮90g、玉竹105g、生甘草70g、天花粉130g,辅料:淀粉适量。
实施例3:
一种用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
霜桑叶160g、桂枝120g、菊花160g、桔梗100g、连翘350g、白果85g、炒苦杏仁85g、芦根350g、葛根160g、苍术100g、白茅根350g、金银花300g、大青叶160g、五味子70g、前胡100g、浙贝母250g、紫菀100g、白芥子100g、射干100g、款冬花100g、橘红260g、车前子160g、百合550g、沙参160g、麦冬150g、百部90g、陈皮100g、玉竹120g、生甘草80g、天花粉150g,辅料:淀粉适量。
典型病例
经临床诊断治疗小儿咳嗽患者共1160例,年龄为6岁以上的870例,只有290例为6岁以下。1160例患者中痊愈的836例,有效的307例,无效的17例。总有效率达98.5%。

Claims (3)

1.一种用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
霜桑叶80~160g、桂枝30~120g、菊花100~160g、桔梗30~100g、连翘150~350g、白果45~85g、炒苦杏仁45~85g、芦根150~350g、葛根80~160g、苍术30~100g、白茅根100~350g、金银花150~300g、大青叶80~160g、五味子30~70g、前胡30~100g、浙贝母150~250g、紫菀50~100g、白芥子30~100g、射干30~100g、款冬花50~100g、橘红150~260g、车前子90~160g、百合150~550g、沙参100~160g、麦冬60~150g、百部30~90g、陈皮30~100g、玉竹60~120g、生甘草30~80g、天花粉100~150g,辅料:淀粉适量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
霜桑叶90~140g、桂枝38~105g、菊花115~140g、桔梗38~90g、连翘180~320g、白果50~75g、炒苦杏仁50~75g、芦根180~320g、葛根90~140g、苍术38~90g、白茅根115~320g、金银花180~260g、大青叶90~140g、五味子38~60g、前胡38~90g、浙贝母180~220g、紫菀58~90g、白芥子38~90g、射干36~90g、款冬花58~90g、橘红180~230g、车前子100~130g、百合180~480g、沙参115~130g、麦冬70~130g、百部38~80g、陈皮38~90g、玉竹70~105g、生甘草38~70g、天花粉115~130g,辅料:淀粉适量。
3.根据权利要求1至2所述的用于治疗小儿咳嗽的内服药物,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
霜桑叶120g、桂枝95g、菊花120g、桔梗80g、连翘280g、白果65g、炒苦杏仁65g、芦根280g、葛根120g、苍术80g、白茅根280g、金银花230g、大青叶120g、五味子52g、前胡80g、浙贝母200g、紫菀80g、白芥子80g、射干80g、款冬花80g、橘红200g、车前子115g、百合420g、沙参118g、麦冬115g、百部70g、陈皮80g、玉竹95g、生甘草60g、天花粉118g,辅料:淀粉适量。
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Application publication date: 20171229