CN107468970A - 一种治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107468970A
CN107468970A CN201710797210.1A CN201710797210A CN107468970A CN 107468970 A CN107468970 A CN 107468970A CN 201710797210 A CN201710797210 A CN 201710797210A CN 107468970 A CN107468970 A CN 107468970A
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罗兴贵
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Abstract

本发明属于中药制剂领域,目的是根据中医治疗小儿咳嗽的认识机理而提供的一种治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下:桑叶60~150g、丹参50~180g、菊花50~120g、桔梗50~100g、连翘60~180g、桂枝20~80g、炒苦杏仁50~100g、芦根150~350g、葛根90~160g、党参150~300g、白茅根100~350g、金银花150~300g、大青叶100~180g、大枣90~180g、前胡30~100g、浙贝母30~120g、紫菀50~100g、苍术(炒)30~100g、射干30~100g、款冬花50~100g、橘红30~100g、五味子30~100g、百合150~500g、北沙参50~100g、麦冬60~150g、陈皮30~120g、百部30~90g等,本发明提供的药物是一个很好的中药组方。

Description

一种治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于中药制剂领域,具体涉及一种治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物,特别是供小儿咳嗽患者使用的丸剂药物及其制备方法的领域。
背景技术
祖国医学认为:咳嗽是一种防御性反射运动,可以阻止异物吸入,防止支气管分泌物的积聚,清除分泌物避免呼吸道继发感染。任何病因引起呼吸道急、慢性炎症均可引起咳嗽。根据病程可分为急性咳嗽、亚急性咳嗽和慢性咳嗽。
临床表现:
A.特异性咳嗽
指咳嗽伴有能够提示特异性病因的其他症状或体征,即咳嗽是这些诊断明确的疾病的症状之一。例如咳嗽伴随呼气性呼吸困难、听诊有呼气相延长或哮鸣音者,往往提示胸内气道病变如气管支气管炎、哮喘、先天性气道发育异常(如管支气管软化)等;伴随呼吸急促、缺氧或发绀者提示肺部炎症;伴随生长发育障碍、杵状指(趾)者往往提示严重慢性肺部疾病及先天性心脏病等;伴随有脓痰者提示肺部炎症、支气管扩张等;伴随咯血者提示严重肺部感染、肺部血管性疾病、肺含铁血黄素沉着症或支气管扩张等。
B.非特异性咳嗽
指咳嗽为主要或惟一表现,胸X线片未见异常的慢性咳嗽。现临床上的慢性咳嗽主要就是指这一类咳嗽,又称“狭义的慢性咳嗽”。儿童非特异性咳嗽的原因具有年龄特点,需要仔细的系统评估、详尽的病史询问和体格检查对这类患儿需要作胸X线片检查,年龄适宜者应作肺通气功能检查。
那么,就如何找到一种可有效治疗小儿咳嗽的中药组合物,是本领域技术人员亟待要解决的问题。
发明内容
随着我国中医中药学的不断发展,在治疗小儿咳嗽上,人们逐渐意识到了中医治疗小儿咳嗽的优点,且在治疗过程中疗效好、见效快、毒副作用小等优势,针对现有西医治疗小儿咳嗽的现状,本发明的目的是在于提供一种治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物,以解决小儿咳嗽患者早日恢复健康的问题。该药物是以常见的中药为原料,通过选择合理的药物及其质量份比,可有效治疗上述小儿咳嗽。
为达到上述发明的目的,本发明所采用的技术方案为:提供一种治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物及其制备方法,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
桑叶60~150g、丹参50~180g、菊花50~120g、桔梗50~100g、连翘60~180g、桂枝20~80g、炒苦杏仁50~100g、芦根150~350g、葛根90~160g、党参150~300g、白茅根100~350g、金银花150~300g、大青叶100~180g、大枣90~180g、前胡30~100g、浙贝母30~120g、紫菀50~100g、苍术(炒)30~100g、射干30~100g、款冬花50~100g、橘红30~100g、五味子30~100g、百合150~500g、北沙参50~100g、麦冬60~150g、陈皮30~120g、百部30~90g、车前草90~160g、生甘草20~100g、枇杷叶90~160g,辅料:淀粉适量。
一种治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物及其制备方法,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
桑叶70~130g、丹参58~150g、菊花58~105g、桔梗58~90g、连翘70~150g、桂枝26~70g、炒苦杏仁58~90g、芦根180~310g、葛根100~140g、党参180~260g、白茅根115~310g、金银花180~260g、大青叶115~150g、大枣100~150g、前胡38~90g、浙贝母38~105g、紫菀58~90g、苍术(炒)38~90g、射干38~90g、款冬花58~90g、橘红38~90g、五味子38~90g、百合180~420g、北沙参58~90g、麦冬70~130g、陈皮38~105g、百部38~80g、车前草100~140g、生甘草26~90g、枇杷叶100~140g,辅料:淀粉适量。
一种治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物及其制备方法,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
桑叶115g、丹参130g、菊花95g、桔梗80g、连翘130g、桂枝60g、炒苦杏仁80g、芦根260g、葛根120g、党参230g、白茅根260g、金银花230g、大青叶130g、大枣130g、前胡80g、浙贝母95g、紫菀80g、苍术(炒)80g、射干80g、款冬花80g、橘红80g、五味子80g、百合360g、北沙参80g、麦冬115g、陈皮95g、百部70g、车前草120g、生甘草80g、枇杷叶120g,辅料:淀粉适量。
一种治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物及其制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括如下步骤制备而成:
A、除淀粉外,将上述原料中药拣去杂质、粉尘及干燥后,按照质量份比共研为极细末待用;
B、按照传统制备中药水丸剂的方法,将研磨好的极细末药物和淀粉过筛后,放入药器中混合拌均,然后制备成水丸剂(其水丸的粒度为:3.9mm~4.0mm),进而烘干、消毒,分装密封即可。
一种治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物及其制备方法,其特征在于,所述服用方法为:将制备好的水丸剂药物以每日三次服用,早中晚各服一次,给药量3g/次(可根据年龄增加或减少药量),温开水送服。7天为一个疗程,服药1~2个疗程,症状消失,病获痊愈。
本发明组方中的各原料中药在中国药典、中国辞典以及中华本草中均有详细的记载。本发明选用其中最常见的中药为原料,充分发挥各组分的药理功效:
桑叶,性味:苦、甘、性寒,具有疏风清热、凉血明目之功效,用于治疗风热感冒、咳嗽头痛、目赤、肺热燥咳、头晕头痛;
丹参,性味:味苦、性微寒,具有活血祛瘀、调经止痛、养血安神、凉血消痈之功效,用于治疗妇女月经不调、痛经、经闭、产后瘀滞腹痛、心腹疼痛、癥瘕积聚、热痹肿痛、跌打损伤、热入营血、烦躁不安、心烦失眠、痈疮肿毒;
菊花,性味:味苦、甘、性微寒,具有散风清热、平肝明目、清热解毒之功效,用于治疗风热感冒、头痛眩晕、目赤肿痛、眼目昏花、疮痈肿毒;
桔梗,性味:性平、味苦、辛,有小毒,具有祛痰、利咽、宣肺、排脓、利五脏、补气血、补五劳、养气之功效,用于治疗咽喉肿痛、肺痈吐脓、咳嗽痰多、痢疾腹痛、胞满胁痛、口舌生疮、赤目肿痛、小便癃闭;
连翘,性味:苦、性微寒,具有清热解毒、消肿散结 风热感冒之功效,用于治疗风热感冒、温病、热淋尿闭、痈疽、肿毒、瘰疬、瘿瘤、喉痹等症;
桂枝,性味:辛、甘、性温,具有散寒解表、温通经脉、通阳化气之功效,用于治疗风寒表证、寒湿痹痛、四肢厥冷、经闭痛经、癥瘕结块、胸痹、心悸、痰饮、小便不利;
炒苦杏仁,性味:苦、微温,有小毒,具有降气止咳平喘、润肠通便之功效,用于治疗咳嗽气喘、胸满痰多、血虚津枯、肠燥便秘等症;
芦根,性味:甘、寒,具有清热生津、除烦、止呕、利尿之功效,用于治疗热病烦渴、胃热呕哕、肺热咳嗽、肺痈吐脓、热淋涩痛;
葛根,性味:甘、辛、凉,具有解肌退热、生津、透疹、升阳止泻之功效,用于治疗外感发热头痛、项背强痛、口渴、消渴、麻疹不透、热痢、泄泻、高血压颈项强痛;
党参,性味:味甘、性平,具有健脾补肺、益气生津之功效,用于治疗脾胃虚弱、食少便溏、四肢乏力、肺虚喘咳、气短自汗、气微两亏等症;
白茅根,性味:甘;寒,具有凉血止血、清热生津、利尿通淋之功效,用于治疗血热出血、热病烦渴、胃热呕逆、肺热喘咳、小便淋沥涩痛、水肿、黄疸等症;
金银花,性味:甘、寒,具有清热解毒之功效,用于治疗温病发热、热毒血痢、痈肿疔疮、喉痹及多种感染性疾病;
大青叶,性味:苦、寒,具有清热解毒、凉血消斑之功效,用于治疗热病高热烦渴、神昏、斑疹、吐血、衄血、黄疸、泻痢、丹毒、喉痹、口疮、痄腮等症;
大枣,性味:甘、温,具有补脾胃、益气血、安心神、调营卫和药性之功效,用于治疗脾胃虚弱、气血不足、食少便溏、倦怠乏力、心悸失眠、妇人脏躁、营卫不和;
前胡,性味:苦、辛、微寒,具有散风清热,降气化痰之功效,用于治疗风热咳嗽痰多、痰热喘满、咯痰黄稠;
浙贝母,性味:味苦、性寒,具有清热化痰、降气止咳、散结消肿之功效,用于治疗风热或痰热咳嗽、肺痈吐脓、瘰疬瘿瘤、疮痈肿毒;
紫菀,性味:辛、苦、温,具有润肺下气、消痰止咳之功效,用于治疗痰多喘咳、新久咳嗽、劳嗽咳血;
苍术(炒),性味:辛、苦、温,具有燥湿健脾、祛风散寒、明目之功效,用于治疗脘腹胀满、泄泻、水肿、风湿痹痛、风寒感冒、夜盲等病症;
射干,性味:苦、寒,具有清热解毒、消痰、利咽之功效,用于治疗热毒痰火郁结、咽喉肿痛、痰涎壅盛、咳嗽气喘;
款冬花,性味:辛、微苦、温,具有润肺下气,止咳化痰之功效,用于治疗新久咳嗽、喘咳痰多、劳嗽咳血;
橘红,性味:辛、苦、温,具有散寒、燥湿、利气、消痰之功效,用于治疗风寒咳嗽、喉痒痰多、食积伤酒、呕恶痞闷;
五味子,性味:酸、甘、温,具有收敛固涩、益气生津、补肾宁心之功效,用于治疗久泻不止、久咳虚喘、心悸、失眠、多梦、自汗、盗汗、津伤口渴、消渴、遗精、滑精等症;
百合,性味:甘、微苦、微寒,具有养阴润肺、清心安神之功效,用于治疗阴虚久嗽、痰中带血、热病后期、余热未清或情志不遂所致的虚烦惊悸、失眠多梦、精神恍惚、痈肿、湿疮等症;
北沙参,性味:甘、微苦、微寒,具有养阴清肺、益胃生津之功效,用于治疗肺热燥咳、劳嗽痰血、热病津伤口渴;
麦冬,性味:甘、微苦、微寒,具有养阴生津、润肺清心之功效,用于治疗肺燥干咳、虚痨咳嗽、津伤口渴、心烦失眠、内热消渴、肠燥便秘、咽白喉等症;
陈皮,性味:味辛、苦、性温,具有理气和中,燥湿化痰,利水通便之功效,用于治疗脾胃不和、脘腹胀痛、不思饮食、呕吐哕逆、痰湿阻肺、咳嗽痰多、胸膈满闷、头目眩晕、水肿、小便不利、大便秘结、乳痈疥癣、中鱼蟹毒、酒毒等;
百部,性味:甘、苦、微温,有小毒,具有润肺下气止咳、杀虫之功效,用于治疗新久咳嗽、肺痨咳嗽、百日咳,外用于头虱、体虱、蛲虫病、阴痒,蜜百部润肺止咳,用于阴虚劳嗽;
车前草,性味:甘、微寒,具有清热利尿、渗湿通淋、明目、祛痰之功效,用于治疗水肿胀满、热淋涩痛、暑湿泄泻、目赤肿痛、痰热咳嗽;
生甘草,性味:甘、平,具有补脾益气、清热解毒、祛痰止咳、缓急止痛、调和诸药之功效,用于治疗脾胃虚弱、倦怠乏力、心悸气短、咳嗽痰多、脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛、痈肿疮毒、缓解药物毒性、烈性;
枇杷叶,性味:苦、辛、寒,无毒,具有清肺止咳、和胃降逆、止渴之功效,用于治疗肺热痰嗽、阴虚劳嗽、咳血、衄血、胃热呕哕等症。
本发明药物是基于中医治疗小儿咳嗽的原则,从依据小儿咳嗽的病理机制及药理作用认为:就小儿咳嗽,本发明所提供的药物中的各原料中药药效共奏,对上述疾病有很好的治疗效果。
具体实施方式
本发明就是针对上述小儿咳嗽的治疗而提出的一种中药配方,采用该配方制备的药物药效好,见效快,是一个很好的中药组方,特别适合临床使用。下面结合本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的描述:
实施例1:
一种治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
桑叶115g、丹参130g、菊花95g、桔梗80g、连翘130g、桂枝60g、炒苦杏仁80g、芦根260g、葛根120g、党参230g、白茅根260g、金银花230g、大青叶130g、大枣130g、前胡80g、浙贝母95g、紫菀80g、苍术(炒)80g、射干80g、款冬花80g、橘红80g、五味子80g、百合360g、北沙参80g、麦冬115g、陈皮95g、百部70g、车前草120g、生甘草80g、枇杷叶120g,辅料:淀粉适量。
实施例2:
一种治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
桑叶130g、丹参150g、菊花105g、桔梗90g、连翘150g、桂枝70g、炒苦杏仁90g、芦根310g、葛根140g、党参260g、白茅根310g、金银花260g、大青叶150g、大枣150g、前胡90g、浙贝母105g、紫菀90g、苍术(炒)90g、射干90g、款冬花90g、橘红90g、五味子90g、百合420g、北沙参90g、麦冬130g、陈皮105g、百部80g、车前草140g、生甘草90g、枇杷叶140g,辅料:淀粉适量。
实施例3:
一种治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
桑叶150g、丹参180g、菊花120g、桔梗100g、连翘180g、桂枝80g、炒苦杏仁100g、芦根350g、葛根160g、党参300g、白茅根350g、金银花300g、大青叶180g、大枣180g、前胡100g、浙贝母120g、紫菀100g、苍术(炒)100g、射干100g、款冬花100g、橘红100g、五味子100g、百合500g、北沙参100g、麦冬150g、陈皮120g、百部90g、车前草160g、生甘草100g、枇杷叶160g,辅料:淀粉适量。
疗效判定标准:根据《中医病证诊断疗效标准》
典型病例如下:
经临床诊断治疗小儿咳嗽患者共1370例,年龄为6岁以上的775例,只有595例为6岁以下。1370例患者中痊愈的870例,有效的459例,无效的41例。总有效率达97%。

Claims (3)

1.一种治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
桑叶60~150g、丹参50~180g、菊花50~120g、桔梗50~100g、连翘60~180g、桂枝20~80g、炒苦杏仁50~100g、芦根150~350g、葛根90~160g、党参150~300g、白茅根100~350g、金银花150~300g、大青叶100~180g、大枣90~180g、前胡30~100g、浙贝母30~120g、紫菀50~100g、苍术(炒)30~100g、射干30~100g、款冬花50~100g、橘红30~100g、五味子30~100g、百合150~500g、北沙参50~100g、麦冬60~150g、陈皮30~120g、百部30~90g、车前草90~160g、生甘草20~100g、枇杷叶90~160g,辅料:淀粉适量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
桑叶70~130g、丹参58~150g、菊花58~105g、桔梗58~90g、连翘70~150g、桂枝26~70g、炒苦杏仁58~90g、芦根180~310g、葛根100~140g、党参180~260g、白茅根115~310g、金银花180~260g、大青叶115~150g、大枣100~150g、前胡38~90g、浙贝母38~105g、紫菀58~90g、苍术(炒)38~90g、射干38~90g、款冬花58~90g、橘红38~90g、五味子38~90g、百合180~420g、北沙参58~90g、麦冬70~130g、陈皮38~105g、百部38~80g、车前草100~140g、生甘草26~90g、枇杷叶100~140g,辅料:淀粉适量。
3.根据权利要求1至2所述的治疗小儿咳嗽的丸剂药物,其特征在于,所述药物的各个组分及其质量份比如下所示:
桑叶115g、丹参130g、菊花95g、桔梗80g、连翘130g、桂枝60g、炒苦杏仁80g、芦根260g、葛根120g、党参230g、白茅根260g、金银花230g、大青叶130g、大枣130g、前胡80g、浙贝母95g、紫菀80g、苍术(炒)80g、射干80g、款冬花80g、橘红80g、五味子80g、百合360g、北沙参80g、麦冬115g、陈皮95g、百部70g、车前草120g、生甘草80g、枇杷叶120g,辅料:淀粉适量。
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