CN107517962B - Rubber tree dead skin prevention and control compound preparation and use method thereof - Google Patents
Rubber tree dead skin prevention and control compound preparation and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107517962B CN107517962B CN201710624277.5A CN201710624277A CN107517962B CN 107517962 B CN107517962 B CN 107517962B CN 201710624277 A CN201710624277 A CN 201710624277A CN 107517962 B CN107517962 B CN 107517962B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
- A01N25/10—Macromolecular compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients stabilising the active ingredients
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients to enhance the sticking of the active ingredients
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/02—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
- A01N33/04—Nitrogen directly attached to aliphatic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/06—Unsaturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Abstract
the compound preparation takes water as a solvent, and contains 50-150g/L of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.02-0.2g/L of polyamine, 0.8-0.8 ml/L of α -800.2, 1-5g/L of alpha-linolenic acid, 1-10g/L of propyl gallate, 0.01-0.05g/L of salicylic acid, 20-60ml/L of ethanol and 10-30g/L of sugar alcohol.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a rubber tree dead skin prevention and control compound preparation and a preparation method and a use method thereof.
Background
The natural rubber, steel, petroleum and coal are called as four major industrial raw materials, and are basic industrial and strategic materials related to national civilization. As one of the four major industrial raw materials in the world, natural rubber is widely used in industry, agriculture, national defense, transportation, machinery manufacturing, medical and health, daily life and the like because of its strong elasticity, good insulating property, plasticity, wear resistance, tensile resistance, water and gas barrier properties, and becomes one of the indispensable materials in national defense and industry. There are over 2000 species of rubber-producing plants in the world, but currently cultivated in large areas and becoming the only commercial source of natural rubber, the hevea brasiliensis tree. However, the damage of the rubber tree 'dead rubber of the rubber tree' to the rubber planting industry is extremely serious, and the rubber tree 'dead rubber' is one of the main limiting factors for improving the unit yield of the natural rubber.
The dead bark of the rubber tree refers to the phenomenon that the latex tube partially or completely loses the rubber producing capability, and the symptom of the dead bark of the rubber tree is that rubber is reduced or even completely stopped in rubber removal by cutting lines. A recent survey shows that the dead bark rate of rubber trees in China is as high as 24.71%, the development of the natural rubber industry is severely restricted, and the prevention and treatment strategy becomes a production practice problem which needs to be solved urgently. At present, the dead bark of the rubber tree is divided into pathological dead bark and physiological dead bark according to the existence of pathogenic bacteria. Pathological dead skin is caused by infection of pathogenic microorganisms; physiological dead skin is a complex physiological syndrome mainly caused by strong cutting and strong ethephon stimulation.
The earliest international method for preventing and treating dead bark of rubber trees is the bark shaving method adopted by Rutgers in 1912. It is difficult to remove all diseased tissue without damaging the cambium. Subsequently, in 1917, Pratt et al invented a peeling method, and in 1919, Harmsen adopted a method of removing surface layer diseased bark and applying hot tar to prevent dead bark of rubber trees. In 1989, Siswanto et al in Indonesia used isolation and peeling while using palm oil (95%) + captafol 5% mixed formulation, with dead skin recovery of 85%. In the last 70 and 80 years, the research on treating dead bark of rubber trees by methods such as bark planing, peeling, ditching and isolating is also started in China. The methods are all based on the control method which is proposed based on the disease caused by parasites or pathogenic bacteria which are considered as dead skin at the time, and the focus is planed or isolated in a physical mode. The above methods all have certain curative effect, but the operation is complicated and the recovery period is long.
Based on the pathological hypothesis of rubber tree dead skin, domestic scholars develop several dead skin prevention and treatment agents. For example, CN 1096634a discloses a method for preparing a revitalizing agent for treating dead bark of plant rubber tree, which comprises processing various Chinese herbal medicines, drying in the sun, grinding, partially decocting, mixing, stirring, parching (burying), sieving, quantitatively packaging. CN 1181877A discloses a rubber tree brown skin disease control agent, which mainly comprises tetracycline drugs, methylcellulose, xanthan gum and the like, and is suitable for being applied on the cut surface of dead-skin trees. CN104291954A discloses a rubber tree dead skin prevention and treatment agent which is composed of natural medicinal materials such as lantana camara, white bract wormwood, vernonia galamensis and the like. These agents are all based on dead skin caused by pathogenic bacteria. The dead skin of the type occurs rarely and does not pose a threat to production, so that the popularization is not seen so far.
The dead bark of rubber trees in China is mainly physiological dead bark caused by strong cutting and strong stimulation. Aiming at physiological dead skin, the mode of reducing medicine, reducing knife, shallow cutting, alternating cutting surface, turning the negative knife from the positive knife and stopping cutting can play a certain relieving role. However, this method is relatively passive, has a long recovery period, and can easily cause skin death again after being recovered and cut. In order to solve the problem, scientific research personnel and producers can prevent and treat the disease by chemical means, and certain effect is achieved. In the last 70 th century, experiments of applying gibberellin to rubber trees in China mars farms in Guangdong province found that gibberellin not only can increase the yield of dry rubber, but also has a certain prevention effect on dead skin. The chelated rare earth molybdenum is developed by cooperation of 80 th south China tropical crop research institute and Henan chemical institute, and the compound preparation consists of rare earth nitrate, ammonium molybdate and metal chelating agents (amino carboxylate and organic phosphate) and can be applied to cut surfaces to prevent and treat dead skin.
the Chengshui et al (CN 101743965A) invents a compound preparation for preventing and treating dead bark disease of rubber trees and a preparation method thereof, wherein the compound preparation takes methyl cellulose as a carrier and contains one or more of ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione, β -carotene or vitamin E, the compound preparation can prevent dead bark, and the Feng Yongtang (CN 101889580A) invents a combination for treating dead bark disease of rubber trees, the combination comprises 5-10 wt% of citric acid, 90-95 wt% of hydrogen peroxide and a small amount of calcium dodecyl sulfonate.
These methods have some effects on the prevention and alleviation of dead bark of rubber trees, but still do not effectively solve the problem. At present, no chemical control agent for rubber tree dead skin applied in large scale is seen in production. Therefore, the development of more efficient and economical rubber tree dead skin and dead skin prevention and control agents or other prevention and control measures is a key field which needs to be broken through urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a rubber tree dead skin prevention and treatment complex preparation which can effectively treat rubber tree dead skin.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a composite preparation for preventing and treating dead bark of rubber tree is prepared from water as solvent, polyvinyl alcohol (50-150 g/L), polyamine (0.02-0.2 g/L), tween-800.2-0.8 ml/L, α -linolenic acid (1-5 g/L), propyl gallate (1-10 g/L), salicylic acid (0.01-0.05 g/L), alcohol (20-60 ml/L) and sugar alcohol (10-30 g/L).
The polyvinyl alcohol is, for example, 55g/L, 60g/L, 66g/L, 71g/L, 78g/L, 85g/L, 93g/L, 102g/L, 110g/L, 116g/L, 124g/L, 131g/L, 138g/L, 144g/L, 149g/L, etc.
The polyamine is, for example, 0.04g/L, 0.08g/L, 0.12g/L, 0.16g/L, 0.19g/L, etc.
The Tween-80 is, for example, 0.23ml/L, 0.32ml/L, 0.38ml/L, 0.45ml/L, 0.52ml/L, 0.61ml/L, 0.68ml/L, 0.75ml/L or the like.
the α -linolenic acid is, for example, 1.5g/L, 2.3g/L, 3.0g/L, 3.6g/L, 4.2g/L, 4.8g/L, etc.
The propyl gallate is, for example, 2g/L, 4g/L, 6g/L, 9g/L, etc.
The salicylic acid is, for example, 0.022g/L, 0.035g/L, 0.041g/L, 0.045g/L or the like.
The ethanol is, for example, 22ml/L, 28ml/L, 35ml/L, 42ml/L, 46ml/L, 49ml/L, 53ml/L, 58ml/L, etc.
The sugar alcohol is, for example, 12g/L, 16g/L, 22g/L, 27g/L, etc.
preferably, the compound preparation comprises 80-120g/L of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.05-0.15g/L of polyamine, 0.6ml/L of α -800.4, 2-4g/L of alpha-linolenic acid, 3-8g/L of propyl gallate, 0.02-0.04g/L of salicylic acid, 30-50ml/L of ethanol and 10-20g/L of sugar alcohol.
preferably, the compound preparation contains 100g/L of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1g/L of polyamine, 800.5ml/L of tween, 2.5g/L of α -linolenic acid, 5g/L of propyl gallate, 0.03g/L of salicylic acid, 40ml/L of ethanol and 15g/L of sorbitol.
The composite preparation for preventing and treating rubber tree dead skin takes polyvinyl alcohol as a carrier, is sticky, is coated on the upper surface and the lower surface of a rubber tree cutting line, and is not easy to run off, volatilize and wash away by rainwater. The polyvinyl alcohol is used as a carrier, the adhesiveness is good, the price is low, and the prepared product has stable physical and chemical properties. For better adhesion and stability it is preferred that the degree of alcoholysis of the polyvinyl alcohol is from 80 to 95%, more preferably from 86 to 90%. The polymerization degree is preferably 1500 to 2000, more preferably 1650 to 1850.
the agent of the invention is added with α -linolenic acid which is a jasmonic acid biosynthesis precursor and can stimulate the regeneration of latex ducts of rubber trees so as to accelerate the recovery of dead skin of the rubber trees, the α -linolenic acid has stronger reducibility and is easy to oxidize, so that the compound preparation is also added with propyl gallate which is an antioxidant to stabilize the activity of the α -linolenic acid so as to prolong the effective period of the rubber trees, and the α -linolenic acid and the propyl gallate are matched with each other to have very good dead skin recovery effect.
The medicament of the invention is simultaneously added with polyamine, which is a compound containing two or more amino groups, wherein the most common polyamines with important physiological functions comprise spermine, spermidine, putrescine, cadaverine and the like, and preferably spermine is used. Polyamines have the effect of promoting tissue growth and also play an important role in the normal maintenance of membranes. It is effective in scavenging free radicals produced by chemical and enzymatic systems and, more importantly, superoxide radicals produced by the aged microsomal membranes. The "ethylene induced dead skin" hypothesis states that: stimulation of ethephon intensity → enhancement of activity-producing NAD (P) H oxidase activity in latex → increase of active oxygen production → loss of balance between peroxidative and scavenging activities → lysis of yellow body → release of its coagulation factors from yellow body → in situ coagulation of latex → development of dead skin. The addition of the polyamine helps balance the peroxidation activity and the scavenging activity of the rubber tree, thereby being beneficial to the recovery of the dead-skin rubber tree.
The medicament of the invention is added with sugar alcohol which is a polyol containing more than two hydroxyl groups, and sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, erythritol, lactitol and the like are developed at present. Sugar alcohol is a good complexing agent for nutrients such as medium and trace elements, can be combined with various nutrient substances to form a stable complex, and is the only substance which can carry mineral nutrients and can carry mineral nutrients to carry out rapid transportation in phloem at present. The sugar alcohol also has good moisture-keeping function, can prevent the applied medicament from drying quickly on the application surface, and prolongs the action time of the medicament.
The rubber tree dead skin prevention and control compound preparation provided by the invention adopts a brand-new formula, obtains a very good rubber tree dead skin recovery effect, is scientific and reasonable in formula, low in cost and simple and convenient to apply, and is a rubber tree dead skin prevention and control agent with a high popularization value.
Preferably, the compound preparation also contains 1 or more than 2 combinations of the following components: 1-10g/L ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 1-10g/L boric acid and 1-10g/L zinc sulfate, and preferably contains 1 or more than 2 of the following components: 3-8g/L ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 2-6g/L boric acid and 4-8g/L zinc sulfate, and more preferably contains 1 or more than 2 of the following components: 4.6g/L of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 3.4g/L of boric acid and 6.4g/L of zinc sulfate.
In the compound preparation, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, boric acid, zinc sulfate and the like are used as optional added components, so that trace elements required by the growth of the rubber trees can be supplemented, and the concentration of inorganic salt ions in the rubber trees can be adjusted. The skilled person can select and confirm the dosage according to the actual situation.
As a preferred embodiment, the compound preparation comprises 50-150g/L of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.02-0.2g/L of polyamine, 0.8-0.8 ml/L of α -800.2, 1-5g/L of alpha-linolenic acid, 1-10g/L of propyl gallate, 0.01-0.05g/L of salicylic acid, 20-60ml/L of ethanol, 1-10g/L of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 1-10g/L of boric acid, 1-10g/L of zinc sulfate and 10-30g/L of sugar alcohol.
As a preferred embodiment, the compound preparation comprises 80-120g/L of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.05-0.15g/L of polyamine, 0.6ml/L of α -800.4, 2-4g/L of alpha-linolenic acid, 3-8g/L of propyl gallate, 0.02-0.04g/L of salicylic acid, 30-50ml/L of ethanol, 3-8g/L of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 2-6g/L of boric acid, 4-8g/L of zinc sulfate and 10-20g/L of sugar alcohol.
As a preferred embodiment, the compound preparation comprises 100g/L of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1g/L of spermine, 800.5ml/L of Tween, 2.5g/L of α -linolenic acid, 5g/L of propyl gallate, 0.03g/L of salicylic acid, 40ml/L of ethanol, 4.6g/L of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 3.4g/L of boric acid, 6.4g/L of zinc sulfate and 15g/L of sorbitol.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the rubber tree dead skin prevention and control compound preparation, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing polyvinyl alcohol with water, swelling, and heating to accelerate dissolution;
(2) mixing sugar alcohol, optional ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, boric acid and zinc sulfate with water, fully dissolving, and then heating for carrying out a complex reaction;
(3) fully mixing the two solutions obtained in the step (1) and the step (2), adding tween-80, fully stirring and cooling;
(4) adding propyl gallate, α -linolenic acid and polyamine into ethanol, and dissolving completely;
(5) and (4) mixing the solutions obtained in the steps (3) and (4), uniformly stirring, adding salicylic acid, adding water to a sufficient amount, and uniformly stirring to obtain the compound preparation.
Preferably, in step (1), the temperature is raised to 80-105 ℃, preferably 95 ℃, and the temperature is maintained for more than 1 hour, preferably 2-2.5 hours, until the solution does not contain any more fine particles.
Preferably, the temperature in the step (2) is raised to 70-90 ℃, preferably 80 ℃, and the time of the complexation reaction is 20-60min, preferably 40 min.
The cooling in step (3) may be to room temperature.
Preferably, the ethanol in the step (4) is ethanol with the mass fraction of 50-90%, and is preferably ethanol with the mass fraction of 80%.
Preferably, in the step (5), the mixed solution obtained in the step (4) is dropped into the solution obtained in the step (3).
Preferably, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1): mixing polyvinyl alcohol with a certain amount of water, fully swelling, heating to about 95 ℃ to accelerate dissolution, and keeping the temperature for 2-2.5 hours until the solution does not contain micro particles any more;
(2): mixing sugar alcohol, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, boric acid and zinc sulfate with water, fully dissolving, heating to about 80 ℃, and carrying out complexation reaction for 40 min;
(3): fully mixing the two solutions obtained in the step (1) and the step (2), adding tween-80, fully stirring and cooling;
(4) sequentially adding propyl gallate, α -linolenic acid and polyamine into 80% ethanol, and fully dissolving;
(5): dripping the mixed solution obtained in the step (4) into the prepared solution in the step (3), and uniformly stirring; adding salicylic acid, adding water to a sufficient amount, and stirring uniformly to obtain the final product.
The amount of water used in each step in the method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and is preferably such that a solution system can be formed with each substance.
The preparation method is simple to operate, and after the components are separately dissolved, the mixing sequence and the adding mode are reasonably arranged according to the characteristics of the solution, so that the components are ideally mixed and melted, the prepared medicament is ensured to be uniformly dispersed, the stability is ideal, and the application effect after application is ensured.
The invention also aims to provide a using method of the rubber tree dead skin prevention and control compound preparation, which comprises the following steps: before use, the upper and lower rough barks and impurities of the cutting line are removed, and the composite preparation can be uniformly coated on the upper and lower barks of the cutting line by a brush.
Preferably, 10-30cm, preferably 20cm, of rough skin and impurities above and below the cutting line are removed.
Preferably, the complex formulation is applied to the entire cleaning surface, so that the liquid does not drip.
Preferably, the composite preparation is applied once for about 10-15 days, continuously for more than 2 months, preferably 3-4 months.
By adopting the using method, the medicament disclosed by the invention has good film-forming slow-release property, the tree body has high absorption and utilization rate of the medicament, the recovery rate of dead bark of the rubber tree is up to more than 87%, no side effect is caused on the rubber tree, and the rubber tree dead bark can be well prevented.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
EXAMPLE 1
A rubber tree dead skin prevention and control compound preparation is prepared by preparing 1L of a first medicament according to the following components and concentration:
the preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) mixing 100g of polyvinyl alcohol with 500ml of water, fully swelling, heating to about 95 ℃ for accelerated dissolution, and keeping the temperature for 2-2.5 hours until the solution does not contain micro particles, 2) mixing 15g of sorbitol, 4.6g of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 3.4g of boric acid, 6.4g of zinc sulfate with 300ml of water, fully dissolving, heating to about 80 ℃, and carrying out complexing reaction for 40min, 3) fully mixing the two solutions obtained in the steps (1) and (2), adding 0.5ml of Tween-80, fully stirring and cooling, 4) sequentially adding 5g of propyl gallate, 2.5g of α -linolenic acid and 0.1g of spermine into 50ml of 80% ethanol, fully dissolving, 5) dripping the mixed solution obtained in the step (4) into the prepared solution in the step (3), uniformly stirring, adding water to a sufficient amount, and uniformly stirring to obtain the medicament I.
EXAMPLE 2
A rubber tree dead skin prevention and control compound preparation is prepared by preparing 1L of a second medicament according to the following components and concentration:
the preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) mixing 120g of polyvinyl alcohol with 600ml of water, fully swelling, heating to about 95 ℃ for accelerated dissolution, and keeping the temperature for 2-2.5 hours until the solution does not contain micro particles, 2) mixing 20g of sorbitol, 5.0g of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 4.0g of boric acid, 7.0g of zinc sulfate with 300ml of water, fully dissolving, heating to about 80 ℃, and carrying out complexing reaction for 40min, 3) fully mixing the two solutions obtained in the steps (1) and (2), adding 0.6ml of Tween-80, fully stirring and cooling, 4) sequentially adding 4g of propyl gallate, 3.0g of α -linolenic acid and 0.05g of spermine into 50ml of 80% ethanol, fully dissolving, 5) dripping the mixed solution obtained in the step (4) into the solution prepared in the step (3), uniformly stirring, adding water to a sufficient amount, and uniformly stirring to obtain the medicament II.
EXAMPLE 3
A rubber tree dead skin prevention and control compound preparation and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, wherein 1L of a third medicament is prepared according to the following components and concentration:
the preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) mixing 80g of polyvinyl alcohol with 500ml of water, fully swelling, heating to about 95 ℃ for accelerated dissolution, and keeping the temperature for 2-2.5 hours until the solution does not contain micro particles, 2) mixing 10g of mannitol, 3.0g of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 2.0g of boric acid, 4.0g of zinc sulfate with 300ml of water, fully dissolving, heating to about 80 ℃, and carrying out complexing reaction for 40min, 3) fully mixing the two solutions obtained in the steps (1) and (2), adding 0.3ml of Tween-80, fully stirring and cooling, 4) sequentially adding 2.0g of propyl gallate, 1.5g of α -linolenic acid and 0.02g of spermidine into 40ml of 80% ethanol, fully dissolving, 5) dripping the solution obtained in the step (4) into the prepared solution in the step (3), uniformly stirring, adding water to a sufficient amount, and uniformly stirring to obtain the medicament III.
EXAMPLE 4
A compound preparation for preventing and treating dead bark of rubber trees is prepared by preparing 1L of medicament IV according to the following components and concentration:
the preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) mixing 120g of polyvinyl alcohol with 600ml of water, fully swelling, heating to about 95 ℃ for accelerated dissolution, and keeping the temperature for 2-2.5 hours until the solution does not contain micro particles, 2) mixing 20g of erythritol, 8.0g of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 6.0g of boric acid, 8.0g of zinc sulfate with 300ml of water, fully dissolving, heating to about 80 ℃, and carrying out complexing reaction for 40min, 3) fully mixing the two solutions obtained in the steps (1) and (2), adding 0.6ml of Tween-80, fully stirring and cooling, 4) sequentially adding 8.0g of propyl gallate, 4.0g of α -linolenic acid and 0.15g of spermidine into 50ml of 80% ethanol, fully dissolving, 5) dripping the mixed solution obtained in the step (4) into the solution prepared in the step (3), uniformly stirring, adding water to a sufficient amount, and uniformly stirring to obtain the tetrapharmaceutical.
Comparative example 1
control agent 1 was prepared as in example 1, except that the complex formulation did not contain α -linolenic acid.
Comparative example 2
Control 2 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that propyl gallate was not contained in the combined preparation.
In order to further verify the application effect of the rubber tree dead skin prevention and treatment compound preparation, the invention further develops various experimental researches:
test example 1:
the test varieties are as follows: hot grinding for 7-33-97 years, and cutting for 16 years;
the method comprises the following steps: the test is carried out by setting 8 treatments, repeating for 3 times, in 24 cells, 10 plants in each cell are basically consistent in size, the dead skin grade is 2-4 dead skin cut plants, and all cells are arranged randomly.
Wherein:
processing one: applying a first medicament;
and (5) processing: applying a second medicament;
and (3) treatment III: applying a third medicament:
and (4) treatment: applying a medicament IV;
and (5) processing: commercially available xi wei nutrient-nutrient of rubber trees (HeveaNutri-the nutrientforrubertrees from Malaysia, its main constituents N (9.96%), P (0.19%), K (1.48%) and some other trace elements.);
control 1: applying a control agent 1;
control 2: applying a control agent 2; comparison: the same amount of clear water was applied.
The medicament using method comprises the following steps: before use, the rough bark and impurities 20cm above and below the cutting line are removed, the medicine is uniformly coated on the bark 20cm above and below the cutting line by a brush, and the whole cleaning surface is coated with the medicine until the liquid does not drip. The paint is applied once for about 10 days, and is continuously applied for 3 months.
And (3) test results: after 3 months of continuous application, the results were as follows for the five treatment groups:
the rubber tree dead skin recovery rate (dead skin recovery rate ═ dead skin length before application of the drug-dead skin length after application of the drug)/dead skin length before application of the drug) is respectively as follows:
87.60% (treatment one), 84.32% (treatment two), 70.65% (treatment three), 75.43% (treatment four) and%, 20.11% (treatment five), 57.8% (control 1), 54.23% (control 2), 18.12% (control);
the yield of the glue of each plant after the test is respectively as follows: 67.80ml (treatment one), 62.01ml (treatment two), 50.21ml (treatment three), 59.31ml (treatment four), 19.48ml (treatment five) and 45.21ml (control 1), 39.49 (control 2), 12.14ml (control).
Through statistical analysis, the recovery rate of dead skin of the first treatment, the second treatment, the third treatment, the fourth treatment, the comparison 1 and the comparison 2 and the yield of glue after the test are obviously higher than those of a commercially available medicament (the fifth treatment) and clear water; the recovery rate of the dead skin after the simultaneous treatment I, the treatment II, the treatment III and the treatment IV and the yield of the glue after the test are obviously higher than those of the control 1 and the control 2(P is less than 0.05).
Test example 2:
the test varieties are as follows: RIIM600, 30 years old cut;
the method comprises the following steps: the test is carried out by setting 8 treatments, repeating for 3 times, in 24 cells, 10 plants in each cell are basically consistent in size, the dead skin grade is 2-4 dead skin cut plants, and all cells are arranged randomly.
Wherein:
processing one: applying a first medicament;
and (5) processing: applying a second medicament;
and (3) treatment III: applying a third medicament:
and (4) treatment: applying a medicament IV;
and (5) processing: commercially available xi wei nutrient-nutrient of rubber trees (HeveaNutri-the nutrientforrubertrees from Malaysia, its main constituents N (9.96%), P (0.19%), K (1.48%) and some other trace elements.);
control 1: applying a control agent 1;
control 2: applying a control agent 2;
comparison: the same amount of clear water was applied.
The medicament using method comprises the following steps: before use, the rough bark and impurities 20cm above and below the cutting line are removed, the medicine is uniformly coated on the bark 20cm above and below the cutting line by a brush, and the whole cleaning surface is coated with the medicine until the liquid does not drip. The paint is applied once for about 15 days, and is continuously applied for 4 months.
And (3) test results: after 3 months of continuous application, the results were as follows for the five treatment groups:
the rubber tree dead skin recovery rate (dead skin recovery rate ═ dead skin length before application of the drug-dead skin length after application of the drug)/dead skin length before application of the drug) is respectively as follows:
76.30% (treatment one), 72.12% (treatment two), 61.23% (treatment three), 68.42% (treatment four) and%, 19.42% (treatment five), 45.68% (control 1), 41.74% (control 2), 13.12% (control);
the yield of the glue of each plant after the test is respectively as follows: 81.30ml (treatment one), 75.06ml (treatment two), 63.16ml (treatment three), 70.68ml (treatment four), 29.38ml (treatment five) and 43.17ml (control 1), 41.12 (control 2), 20.12ml (control).
Through statistical analysis, the recovery rate of dead skin of the first treatment, the second treatment, the third treatment, the fourth treatment, the comparison 1 and the comparison 2 and the yield of glue after the test are obviously higher than those of a commercially available medicament (the fifth treatment) and clear water; the recovery rate of the dead skin after the simultaneous treatment I, the treatment II, the treatment III and the treatment IV and the yield of the glue after the test are obviously higher than those of the control 1 and the control 2(P is less than 0.05).
The above experimental examples show that the agent of the present invention has excellent effects of treating and recovering dead bark of rubber trees, wherein the application effect of the composite preparation prepared in the treatment group one, i.e., example 1, is the best.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A composite preparation for preventing and treating dead bark of rubber tree is prepared from water as solvent, polyvinyl alcohol (50-150 g/L), polyamine (0.02-0.2 g/L), tween-800.2-0.8 ml/L, α -linolenic acid (1-5 g/L), propyl gallate (1-10 g/L), salicylic acid (0.01-0.05 g/L), alcohol (20-60 ml/L) and sugar alcohol (10-30 g/L).
2. the complex formulation of claim 1, wherein the complex formulation comprises 80-120g/L of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.05-0.15g/L of polyamine, 0.6ml/L of Tween-800.4, 2-4g/L α -linolenic acid, 3-8g/L of propyl gallate, 0.02-0.04g/L of salicylic acid, 30-50ml/L of ethanol, and 10-20g/L of sugar alcohol.
3. The complex formulation of claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyamine is a combination of 1 or 2 or more of spermine, spermidine, putrescine, cadaverine.
4. The complex formulation of claim 1 or 2, wherein the sugar alcohol is a combination of 1 or 2 or more of sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, erythritol and lactitol.
5. The complex formulation of claim 1, further comprising 1 or a combination of 2 or more of the following components: 1-10g/L of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 1-10g/L of boric acid and 1-10g/L of zinc sulfate.
6. A method for preparing the rubber tree dead skin prevention and control composite preparation of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing polyvinyl alcohol with water, swelling and heating;
(2) mixing sugar alcohol, optional ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, boric acid and zinc sulfate with water, dissolving, and then heating for carrying out a complex reaction;
(3) mixing the two solutions obtained in the step (1) and the step (2), adding tween-80, stirring and cooling;
(4) adding propyl gallate, α -linolenic acid and polyamine into ethanol, and dissolving;
(5) and (4) mixing the solutions obtained in the steps (3) and (4), stirring, adding salicylic acid, adding water to a sufficient amount, and stirring to obtain the compound preparation.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the water in the step (1) is 1:3 to 10
The swelling time is more than 0.3 h;
heating to 80-105 deg.c and maintaining for over 1 hr;
in the step (2), the temperature is raised to 70-90 ℃, and the time of the complex reaction is 20-60 min.
8. The production method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the ethanol in the step (4) is 50 to 90 mass% ethanol;
in the mixing in the step (5), the mixed solution obtained in the step (4) is dripped into the solution obtained in the step (3).
9. A method for using the rubber tree dead skin prevention and treatment compound preparation as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the upper and lower rough skins and impurities of the cut line are removed before use, and the compound preparation is uniformly coated on the upper and lower barks of the cut line.
10. The use method of the cutting line, according to claim 9, is characterized in that 10-30cm of rough skin and sundries above and below the cutting line are removed;
coating the whole cleaning surface with the composite preparation, wherein the liquid does not drip;
the compound preparation is applied once in 10-15 days for more than 2 months.
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| CN1080117A (en) * | 1992-09-29 | 1994-01-05 | 华南热带作物科学研究院橡胶栽培研究所 | Protecting agent for tapped part of rubber tree |
| CN103708904A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-04-09 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Rubber tree dead skin rehabilitation nutrient solution |
| CN104003810A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-08-27 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Rubber tree dead skin prevention and cure smearing agent and preparing method for rubber tree dead skin prevention and cure smearing agent |
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| CN1080117A (en) * | 1992-09-29 | 1994-01-05 | 华南热带作物科学研究院橡胶栽培研究所 | Protecting agent for tapped part of rubber tree |
| CN103708904A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-04-09 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Rubber tree dead skin rehabilitation nutrient solution |
| CN104003810A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-08-27 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Rubber tree dead skin prevention and cure smearing agent and preparing method for rubber tree dead skin prevention and cure smearing agent |
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