CN107512905A - 一种软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯坯件水基料浆注凝成型方法 - Google Patents
一种软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯坯件水基料浆注凝成型方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及磁芯制备技术领域,具体公开了一种软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯坯件水基料浆注凝成型方法,采用Fe2O3、MnO和ZnO的合成料作为主要原料,加入合成料重量百分比0.5‑1%的烧结助剂,以及加入合成料重量百分比17.5‑20.5%的水溶液,装入球磨罐中进行研磨,同时注入有机单体、交联剂、分散剂、和pH调节液,将球磨后的料浆倒入搅拌机容器内,滴入引发剂,放入真空罐内抽真空除气泡,制得固相含量为50vol%~54vol%的注凝料浆,然后注入模具,放入烘箱烘干,冷却后进行顶推脱模,自然干燥,最后再次放入烘箱,去除自由水和物理吸附水,制得坯件;本方法适用于各种能干压成型的软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯形状的成型;同时所得坯件经烧结、磨加工后磁性能与正常干压成型生产的磁芯相同。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及磁芯制备技术领域,具体涉及一种软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯坯件水基料浆注凝成型方法。
背景技术
软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯的型号很多,简单的有方块型、柱型、环形、EE、EI、UU,这类磁芯在高度或厚度上任意一处的截面均相同,没有台阶,可采用普通自动粉末压机或旋转压机压制成型,模具结构也比较简单;复杂型号的磁芯有EC、EFD、ETD、PQ、RM、UY等等,这类磁芯在高度上至少有两个不同的截面,即至少有一个台阶,只可采用带模架的精密自动粉末压机压制成型。所有生产上使用的模具都采用高级硬质合金钢,专业化精密制造而成,因此成本高,加工时间长。而且安装模具和压制调试也是一件相当耗费时间和精力的事情。
磁芯生产厂家偶尔会因为试制的需要,或因为客户的要求而临时要制作某种型号规格的,甚至是非标的磁芯样品,而恰好这款特制磁芯没有现成的生产模具。遇到这种情况,现有的做法有以下两种:
1.手模压制成型,其缺点在于只能做圆柱型和环形磁芯坯件,对于用量较多的EE、EC、EFD、ETD、PQ、RM等不适用,适应面窄。原因是制造模具的硬质木材不像金属那样能在各类机床上随意加工,且加工精度不高,因此其应用受到限制。
2.铣(雕刻)成型,其缺点在于铣(雕刻)加工对坯块的强度和韧性有相应的要求,因此料粉要重新调配,手工作业,劳动强度大;而且,铣(雕刻)出来的磁芯坯件经烧结和磨加工后,所得磁芯样品的磁性能往往差于正常生产的磁芯。
发明内容
特制磁芯坯件的现有成型技术存在要么成型形状受到限制,要么烧结和磨加工后磁芯样品的磁性能偏低等缺点,本发明的目的是提供一种软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯坯件水基料浆注凝成型方法,克服现有技术存在的缺陷。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:一种软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯坯件水基料浆注凝成型方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
a.采用Fe2O3、MnO和ZnO的合成料作为主要原料,加入合成料重量百分比0.5-1%的烧结助剂,以及加入合成料重量百分比17.5-20.5%的水溶液,装入球磨罐中进行研磨,配制成料浆;
b.研磨过程中,将有机单体、交联剂、分散剂、和pH调节液注入料浆中继续球磨,其中:
采用丙烯酰胺作为有机单体,配入量为合成料重量百分比1.5-2.5%;
采用N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺作为交联剂,配入量为有机单体重量百分比5%;
采用柠檬酸铵作为分散剂,配入量为合成料重量百分比0.45-0.55%;
采用10%浓度氯化铵水溶液作为pH调节液,配入量为合成料重量百分比0.55-0.65%;
c.将步骤b中球磨后的料浆倒入搅拌机容器内,一边搅拌一边滴入引发剂,引发剂采用3%浓度的过流酸铵水溶液;
d.均匀后,将容器放入真空罐内抽真空除气泡,制得固相含量为50vol%~54vol%的注凝料浆;
e.将注凝料浆注入模具,然后放入烘箱,烘箱的温度控制在60-80℃,进行凝胶固化;
f.将模具取出,冷却后进行顶推脱模,自然干燥;
g.再次放入烘箱,去除自由水和物理吸附水,制得坯件。
作为优选的,所述步骤a中的烧结助剂为V2O5和CaCO3的混合物。
进一步的,所述步骤a中的球磨罐内装有10kg直径为φ8、φ10和φ12钢球。
优选的,所述步骤b中的球磨时间为20-24小时。
优选的,所述步骤d中真空罐内的真空度为-0.08Pa~-0.09Pa,时间8-10分钟。
优选的,所述步骤f中自然干燥的时间为20-24小时。
优选的,所述步骤e中烘箱烘制的时间为25-35min。
优选的,所述步骤g中将烘箱内的温度升温至120℃烘制1小时后,再将烘箱内的温度升温至200℃烘制1小时。
与现有技术相比较,本发明结构简单,适用于各种能干压成型的软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯形状的成型;同时所得坯件经烧结、磨加工后磁性能与正常干压成型生产的磁芯相同。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明作进一步的说明。
本发明一种软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯坯件水基料浆注凝成型方法,包括如下步骤:
a.采用Fe2O3、MnO和ZnO的合成料作为主要原料,加入合成料重量百分比0.5-1%的烧结助剂,以及加入合成料重量百分比17.5-20.5%的水溶液,装入球磨罐中进行研磨,配制成料浆。
b.研磨过程中,将有机单体、交联剂、分散剂、和pH调节液注入料浆中继续球磨,其中:
采用丙烯酰胺作为有机单体,配入量为合成料重量百分比1.5-2.5%;
采用N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺作为交联剂,配入量为有机单体重量百分比5%;
采用柠檬酸铵作为分散剂,配入量为合成料重量百分比0.45-0.55%;
采用10%浓度氯化铵水溶液作为pH调节液,配入量为合成料重量百分比0.55-0.65%。
需要说明的是,可用于注凝成型的有机单体有多种,如丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酰胺、琼脂糖浆等。本发明技术优选了丙烯酰胺作为有机单体,丙烯酰胺具有溶解度高且基本不影响水溶液黏度,不影响配置高固相含量的水基料浆,聚合反应条件温和易控,便于实现凝胶固化操作,较少用量就可以达到较高强度,减少了有机物用量而便于烧除的特点。
c.将步骤b中球磨后的料浆倒入搅拌机容器内,一边搅拌一边滴入引发剂,引发剂采用3%浓度的过流酸铵水溶液。
d.均匀后,将容器放入真空罐内抽真空除气泡,制得固相含量为50vol%~54vol%的注凝料浆。
需要说明的是,固相含量是指研磨后铁氧体粉体颗粒在料浆中占有的体积百分比,高固相含量对降低注凝成型坯件的干燥收缩率和烧结收缩率,减少制品变形很有好处。但过高的固相含量会造成料浆黏度高,流动性差,不利于真空除气泡和浇注成型。在研磨料浆时,加入柠檬酸铵作为分散剂,氯化铵水溶液作为pH调节液,调节pH值的目的是使料浆具有相对较高的Zeta电位值,研磨后铁氧体粉体颗粒在微米级尺寸,固相含量适宜在50vol%~54vol%范围,尤以50vol%最好配制。
表1料浆固相含量体积百分比与模具放样倍数的关系表:
料浆固相含量(vol%) | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 |
模具放样倍数 | 1.260 | 1.252 | 1.244 | 1.236 | 1.228 |
e.将注凝料浆注入模具,然后放入烘箱,烘箱的温度控制在60-80℃,进行凝胶固化。
f.将模具取出,冷却后进行顶推脱模,自然干燥。
g.再次放入烘箱,去除自由水和物理吸附水,制得坯件。
作为优选的,所述步骤a中的烧结助剂为V2O5和CaCO3的混合物。
进一步的,所述步骤a中的球磨罐内装有10kg直径为φ8、φ10和φ12钢球。
优选的,所述步骤b中的球磨时间为20-24小时。
优选的,所述步骤d中真空罐内的真空度为-0.08Pa~-0.09Pa,时间8-10分钟。
优选的,所述步骤f中自然干燥的时间为20-24小时。
优选的,所述步骤e中烘箱烘制的时间为25-35min。
优选的,所述步骤g中将烘箱内的温度升温至120℃烘制1小时后,再将烘箱内的温度升温至200℃烘制1小时。
实施例1
取Fe2O3、MnO和ZnO的合成料3.35kg,加入33.5gV2O5和CaCO3的混合物作为烧结助剂,加水0.65kg,装进一5公斤规格的球磨罐,罐内装有10kg直径为φ8、φ10和φ12钢球。然后加入下列各种材料:
分散剂,柠檬酸铵15.2g;
有机单体,丙烯酰胺67g;
交联剂,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺3.35g;
pH调节液,10%浓度氯化铵水溶液21g,用于调节球磨料的pH值,以4-5为宜。
球磨24小时出料浆,倒入搅拌机容器内,一边搅拌一边滴入5滴引发剂,引发剂采用3%浓度的过流酸铵水溶液,均匀后,将容器放入真空罐内抽真空除气泡,真空度-0.08Pa~-0.09Pa,时间10分钟,最后得到固含量为50vol%,存放期超过一天,流动性良好的注凝料浆,该料浆可于当日注入环形磁芯坯件模具,然后放入烘箱70℃烘30min,取出,冷却后进行顶推脱模,切平浇冒口,最后在常温环境下自然干燥24小时,当重量减少了15%之后,再放进烘箱分别在120℃和200℃各烘1小时,去除自由水和物理吸附水,制得环形磁芯坯件。
实施例2
取Fe2O3、MnO和ZnO的合成料3.35kg,加入25gV2O5和CaCO3的混合物作为烧结助剂,加水0.635kg,装进一5公斤规格的球磨罐,罐内装有10kg直径为φ8、φ10和φ12钢球,然后加入下列各种材料:
分散剂,柠檬酸铵16.5g;
有机单体,丙烯酰胺67g;
交联剂,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺3.35g;
pH调节液,10%浓度氯化铵水溶液20g,用于调节球磨料的pH值,以4-5为宜;
球磨23小时出料浆,倒入搅拌机容器内,一边搅拌一边滴入5滴引发剂,引发剂采用3%浓度的过流酸铵水溶液,均匀后,将容器放入真空罐内抽真空除气泡,真空度-0.08Pa~-0.09Pa,时间9分钟,最后得到固含量为52vol%,存放期超过一天,流动性良好的注凝料浆,该料浆可于当日注入EE形磁芯坯件模具,然后放入烘箱60℃烘35min,取出,冷却后进行顶推脱模,切平浇冒口,最后在常温环境下自然干燥23小时,再放进烘箱分别在120℃和200℃各烘1小时,去除自由水和物理吸附水,制得EE形磁芯坯件。
实施例3
取Fe2O3、MnO和ZnO的合成料3.35kg,加入16.75gV2O5和CaCO3的混合物作为烧结助剂,加水0.62kg,装进一5公斤规格的球磨罐,罐内装有10kg直径为φ8、φ10和φ12钢球,然后加入下列各种材料:
分散剂,柠檬酸铵18.4g;
有机单体,丙烯酰胺67g;
交联剂,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺3.35g;
pH调节液,10%浓度氯化铵水溶液19g,用于调节球磨料的pH值,以4-5为宜;
球磨22小时出料浆,倒入搅拌机容器内,一边搅拌一边滴入5滴引发剂,引发剂采用3%浓度的过流酸铵水溶液,均匀后,将容器放入真空罐内抽真空除气泡,真空度-0.08Pa~-0.09Pa,时间8分钟,最后得到固含量为53vol%,存放期超过一天,流动性良好的注凝料浆,该料浆可于当日注入RM形磁芯坯件模具,然后放入烘箱80℃烘25min,取出,冷却后进行顶推脱模,切平浇冒口,最后在常温环境下自然干燥22小时,再放进烘箱分别在120℃和200℃各烘1小时,去除自由水和物理吸附水,制得RM形磁芯坯件。
表2应用实施例制得的磁芯磁性能检测值表:
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、同等替换和改进等,均应落在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯坯件水基料浆注凝成型方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
a.采用Fe2O3、MnO和ZnO的合成料作为主要原料,加入合成料重量百分比0.5-1%的烧结助剂,以及加入合成料重量百分比17.5-20.5%的水溶液,装入球磨罐中进行研磨,配制成料浆;
b.研磨过程中,将有机单体、交联剂、分散剂、和pH调节液注入料浆中继续球磨,其中:
采用丙烯酰胺作为有机单体,配入量为合成料重量百分比1.5-2.5%;
采用N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺作为交联剂,配入量为有机单体重量百分比5%;
采用柠檬酸铵作为分散剂,配入量为合成料重量百分比0.45-0.55%;
采用10%浓度氯化铵水溶液作为pH调节液,配入量为合成料重量百分比0.55-0.65%;
c.将步骤b中球磨后的料浆倒入搅拌机容器内,一边搅拌一边滴入引发剂,引发剂采用3%浓度的过流酸铵水溶液;
d.均匀后,将容器放入真空罐内抽真空除气泡,制得固相含量为50vol%~54vol%的注凝料浆;
e.将注凝料浆注入模具,然后放入烘箱,烘箱的温度控制在60-80℃,进行凝胶固化;
f.将模具取出,冷却后进行顶推脱模,自然干燥;
g.再次放入烘箱,去除自由水和物理吸附水,制得坯件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯坯件水基料浆注凝成型方法,其特征在于:所述步骤a中的烧结助剂为V2O5和CaCO3的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯坯件水基料浆注凝成型方法,其特征在于:所述步骤a中的球磨罐内装有10kg直径为φ8、φ10和φ12钢球。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯坯件水基料浆注凝成型方法,其特征在于:所述步骤b中的球磨时间为20-24小时。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯坯件水基料浆注凝成型方法,其特征在于:所述步骤d中真空罐内的真空度为-0.08Pa~-0.09Pa,时间8-10分钟。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯坯件水基料浆注凝成型方法,其特征在于:所述步骤f中自然干燥的时间为20-24小时。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯坯件水基料浆注凝成型方法,其特征在于:所述步骤e中烘箱烘制的时间为25-35min。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种软磁锰锌铁氧体磁芯坯件水基料浆注凝成型方法,其特征在于:所述步骤g中将烘箱内的温度升温至120℃烘制1小时后,再将烘箱内的温度升温至200℃烘制1小时。
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