CN107511481A - A kind of 3D printing of overlength metalwork, heat treatment integral processing method - Google Patents
A kind of 3D printing of overlength metalwork, heat treatment integral processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107511481A CN107511481A CN201710572858.9A CN201710572858A CN107511481A CN 107511481 A CN107511481 A CN 107511481A CN 201710572858 A CN201710572858 A CN 201710572858A CN 107511481 A CN107511481 A CN 107511481A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/40—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/66—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of 3D printing of overlength metalwork, heat treatment integral processing method, contain two concrete schemes based on same invention thinking.The first string is to set face diagonal of the axis of overlength part along metal substrate.Second scheme is that the cubical body diagonal for forming the axis of overlength part along metal substrate and its elevating movement is set.Space and the ability of existing equipment can be made full use of.Solve 3D printing and its heat treatment method that overlength metalwork is produced under device space limitation, make full use of space and the ability of existing equipment, avoid repeating procuring equipment and causing idle and waste.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printing field, and in particular to a kind of 3D printing of overlength metalwork, heat treatment integration processing
Method.
Background technology
3D printing technique is suitable for raw basin, especially single-piece or small lot production.Metal 3D printer is because gold
The size of category substrate is certain, and it is because a 3D is beaten that can not produce shortcoming more than the metalwork of zig for axial length
Print technology is suitable for raw basin, especially single-piece or small lot production.Can produce or the production of several overlength parts and again
The 3D printer of big model is purchased, does not have advantage in economy, or even cause the idleness of equipment and waste.Metalwork is first in 3D simultaneously
Printing shaping on printer, metalwork is cut from 3D printer substrate afterwards, and carry out vacuum heat, shortcoming is 3D
Printing technique can produce that shape is special, the big metalwork of thickness change, but because 3D printing technique is that metal fine powder successively melts
Melt condensation to be formed, the matrix of metalwork is not fine and close, mechanical performance is not high, it is necessary to which subsequent heat treatment adjusts matrix knot
Structure, improve mechanical performance.Heat treatment residual force refers to the workpiece stress that after heat treatment final remaining is got off, to the shape of workpiece
Shape, size and performance have particularly important influence.When it exceedes the yield strength of material;Just cause the deformation of workpiece, surpass
Workpiece will be made to ftracture when crossing the strength degree of material, this is its harmful one side, should reduce and eliminate.But in certain condition
Lower proof stress is allowed to reasonable layout, so that it may which, to improve the mechanical performance of part and service life, change is harmful to be favourable.But because
For 3D printing metalwork normally shape is special, thickness change, the thermal stress in heat treatment process can cause metalwork to deform, make
Metalwork, which loses 3D printing, can be molded the advantage of special shape.
The content of the invention
It can be filled when producing overlength metalwork under device space limitation the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one kind
Divide the space using existing equipment and ability, avoid repeating procuring equipment and causing the 3D of overlength metalwork that is idle and wasting to beat
Print, heat treatment integral processing method.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention comprises the following steps：
（1）Design 3D printing scheme makes metalwork be located at the top of metal substrate, and 2 are set between metalwork and metal substrate
Or more than 2 metal supports connection metalworks and metal substrate, the diagonal of the major axis of metalwork along metal substrate are set；
（2）Metal support and metalwork are successively printed on metallic substrates according to 3D printing scheme using metal 3D printer；
（3）After the completion of 3D printing, metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally taken out, remove the metal of surface residual
Powder；
（4）Metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally subjected to vacuum heat, vacuum heat treatment process is according to metal
The vacuum heat treatment process of part determines；
（5）The metal support on metalwork is removed, and sanding and polishing metalwork is finished product；
（6）The metal support on metal substrate is removed, and sanding and polishing metal substrate is standby.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the step（1）In, the STL models of metalwork and metal substrate are established,
In STL models, according to the parameter of supported design, such as supporting surface angle, maximum non-supported face area, maximum non-supported cantilever
Length etc., supporting surface is extracted, the interference carried out by STL models calculates generation metal support.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the step（1）In, metal support is equal on the perspective plane of metalwork
Even distribution.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the step（1）In, set in the region of metalwork thickness change more
Metal support.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the step（4）In, the material of the metalwork is titanium or titanium alloy,
The technique of the vacuum heat includes, first stage heat treatment, and vacuum is not less than 10 in vacuum heat treatment furnace-3Pa, from room
Temperature rise temperature 45-60 minutes to 630-670 DEG C, are incubated 45-60 minutes, and heating 30-40 minutes, insulation 4-6 was small to 850-900 DEG C
When, insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching to metalwork immediately after terminating and is cooled to 20-100 DEG C；Second stage is heat-treated, from 20-100 DEG C
35-45 minutes heat up to 530-570 DEG C, is incubated 4-6 hours, insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching to metalwork immediately after terminating and is cooled to
Room temperature.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the step（4）In, the material of the metalwork is stainless steel, described
The technique of vacuum heat includes, first stage heat treatment, and vacuum is not less than 10 in vacuum heat treatment furnace-1Pa, from room temperature liter
Warm 45-60 minutes to 630-670 DEG C, are incubated 45-60 minutes, and heating 30-40 minutes to 850-900 DEG C, are incubated 45-60 minutes,
1050-1100 DEG C is continuously heating to, is incubated 3-4 hours, insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching to metalwork immediately after terminating and is cooled to 20-
100℃；Second stage is heat-treated, and from 20-100 DEG C of heating 35-45 minute to 160-200 DEG C in special atmosphere oven, is incubated 4-6
Hour, it is cooled to room temperature after coming out of the stove.
Present invention additionally comprises following steps：
（1）Design 3D printing scheme makes metalwork be located at the top of metal substrate, and 2 are set between metalwork and metal substrate
Or more than 2 metal support connection metalworks and metal substrate, the major axis of metalwork can along metal substrate and metal substrate
Set with the distance vertically moved and the cubical body diagonal formed in the top of metal substrate；
（2）Metal support and metalwork are successively printed on metallic substrates according to 3D printing scheme using metal 3D printer；
（3）After the completion of 3D printing, metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally taken out, remove the metal of surface residual
Powder；
（4）Metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally subjected to vacuum heat, vacuum heat treatment process is according to metal
The vacuum heat treatment process of part determines；
（5）The metal support on metalwork is removed, and sanding and polishing metalwork is finished product；
（6）The metal support on metal substrate is removed, and sanding and polishing metal substrate is standby.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the step（1）In, the STL models of metalwork and metal substrate are established,
In STL models, according to the parameter of supported design, such as supporting surface angle, maximum non-supported face area, maximum non-supported cantilever
Length etc., supporting surface is extracted, the interference carried out by STL models calculates generation metal support.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the step（1）In, metal support is equal on the perspective plane of metalwork
Even distribution.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the step（1）In, set in the region of metalwork thickness change more
Metal support.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the step（4）In, the material of the metalwork is titanium or titanium alloy,
The technique of the vacuum heat includes, first stage heat treatment, and vacuum is not less than 10 in vacuum heat treatment furnace-3Pa, from room
Temperature rise temperature 45-60 minutes to 630-670 DEG C, are incubated 45-60 minutes, and heating 30-40 minutes, insulation 4-6 was small to 850-900 DEG C
When, insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching to metalwork immediately after terminating and is cooled to 20-100 DEG C；Second stage is heat-treated, from 20-100 DEG C
35-45 minutes heat up to 530-570 DEG C, is incubated 4-6 hours, insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching to metalwork immediately after terminating and is cooled to
Room temperature.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the step（4）In, the material of the metalwork is stainless steel, described
The technique of vacuum heat includes, first stage heat treatment, and vacuum is not less than 10 in vacuum heat treatment furnace-1Pa, from room temperature liter
Warm 45-60 minutes to 630-670 DEG C, are incubated 45-60 minutes, and heating 30-40 minutes to 850-900 DEG C, are incubated 45-60 minutes,
1050-1100 DEG C is continuously heating to, is incubated 3-4 hours, insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching to metalwork immediately after terminating and is cooled to 20-
100℃；Second stage is heat-treated, and from 20-100 DEG C of heating 35-45 minute to 160-200 DEG C in special atmosphere oven, is incubated 4-6
Hour, it is cooled to room temperature after coming out of the stove.
Foregoing invention contains two concrete schemes based on same invention thinking.The first string is by overlength part
Face diagonal of the axis along metal substrate is set.Second scheme is along metal substrate and its elevating movement by the axis of overlength part
The cubical body diagonal formed is set.Space and the ability of existing equipment can be made full use of.Solve in the device space
The 3D printing of the lower production overlength metalwork of limitation and its heat treatment method, make full use of space and the ability of existing equipment, avoid
Repeat procuring equipment and cause idle and waste.Simultaneously after the completion of 3D printing, metalwork is not cut off from metal substrate, and
Be by metalwork together with 3D printing when be arranged on metal support and Metal Substrate between metalwork and 3D printer metal substrate
Plate is heat-treated together, overcomes deformation caused by thermal stress in heat treatment using the positioning of metal support.After heat treatment
Metalwork is cut off from metal substrate again.Both it ensure that the shape of metalwork met design requirement, and in turn ensure that metal
The mechanical performance of part meets requirement.
Brief description of the drawings
It is next with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description that the present invention will be further described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for setting face diagonal of the axis of overlength metalwork along metal substrate in the present invention.
Fig. 2 be the present invention in by the major axis of overlength metalwork along metal substrate and metal substrate can vertically move away from
From and metal substrate top form cubical body diagonal set when schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is by the schematic diagram of face diagonal setting of the axis of overlength metalwork 1 along metal substrate 2, metal support 3
It is uniformly distributed on the perspective plane of metalwork 1.
When the material of metalwork when face diagonal of the axis of overlength metalwork along metal substrate is set in the present invention
For titanium or titanium alloy when the step of be：
（1）The top that 3D printing scheme makes metalwork be located at metal substrate is designed, establishes the STL moulds of metalwork and metal substrate
Type, in STL models, according to the parameter of supported design, such as supporting surface angle, maximum non-supported face area is maximum non-supported
Jib-length etc., supporting surface is extracted, the interference carried out by STL models, which calculates, generates multiple metal supports, the length of metalwork
Diagonal of the axle along metal substrate is set；
（2）Metal support and metalwork are successively printed on metallic substrates according to 3D printing scheme using metal 3D printer；
（3）After the completion of 3D printing, metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally taken out, remove the metal of surface residual
Powder；
（4）Metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally subjected to vacuum heat, the technique bag of the vacuum heat
Include, first stage heat treatment, vacuum is not less than 10 in vacuum heat treatment furnace-3Pa, from room temperature 45-60 minutes to 630-
670 DEG C, 45-60 minutes are incubated, heating 30-40 minutes to 850-900 DEG C, are incubated 4-6 hours, are incubated after terminating immediately to metal
Part carries out vacuum air-quenching and is cooled to 20-100 DEG C；Second stage is heat-treated, from 20-100 DEG C of heating 35-45 minute to 530-570
DEG C, 4-6 hours are incubated, insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching to metalwork immediately after terminating and is cooled to room temperature；
（5）The metal support on metalwork is removed, and sanding and polishing metalwork is finished product；
（6）The metal support on metal substrate is removed, and sanding and polishing metal substrate is standby.
When the material of metalwork when face diagonal of the axis of overlength metalwork along metal substrate is set in the present invention
For stainless steel when the step of be：
（1）The top that 3D printing scheme makes metalwork be located at metal substrate is designed, establishes the STL moulds of metalwork and metal substrate
Type, in STL models, according to the parameter of supported design, such as supporting surface angle, maximum non-supported face area is maximum non-supported
Jib-length etc., supporting surface is extracted, the interference carried out by STL models, which calculates, generates multiple metal supports, the length of metalwork
Diagonal of the axle along metal substrate is set；
（2）Metal support and metalwork are successively printed on metallic substrates according to 3D printing scheme using metal 3D printer；
（3）After the completion of 3D printing, metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally taken out, remove the metal of surface residual
Powder；
（4）Metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally subjected to vacuum heat, the technique bag of the vacuum heat
Include, the technique of the vacuum heat includes, first stage heat treatment, and vacuum is not less than 10 in vacuum heat treatment furnace-1Pa, from
Room temperature 45-60 minutes to 630-670 DEG C, are incubated 45-60 minutes, and heating 30-40 minutes to 850-900 DEG C, are incubated 45-60
Minute, 1050-1100 DEG C is continuously heating to, is incubated 3-4 hours, insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching cooling to metalwork immediately after terminating
To 20-100 DEG C；Second stage is heat-treated, and from 20-100 DEG C of heating 35-45 minute to 160-200 DEG C in special atmosphere oven, is protected
Warm 4-6 hours, room temperature is cooled to after coming out of the stove；
（5）The metal support on metalwork is removed, and sanding and polishing metalwork is finished product；
（6）The metal support on metal substrate is removed, and sanding and polishing metal substrate is standby.
Fig. 2 is that can vertically move the major axis of overlength metalwork 1 along metal substrate 2 and metal substrate 2 in the present invention
Distance and metal substrate 2 top form cubical body diagonal set when schematic diagram.Metal support 3 is in gold
Belong to and being uniformly distributed on the perspective plane of part 1.
The distance that the major axis of overlength metalwork can be vertically moved along metal substrate and metal substrate in the present invention
And the cubical body diagonal formed in the top of metal substrate when setting when the material of metalwork is titanium or titanium alloy
Step is：
（1）The top that 3D printing scheme makes metalwork be located at metal substrate is designed, establishes the STL moulds of metalwork and metal substrate
Type, in STL models, according to the parameter of supported design, such as supporting surface angle, maximum non-supported face area is maximum non-supported
Jib-length etc., supporting surface is extracted, the interference carried out by STL models, which calculates, generates multiple metal supports, the length of metalwork
Distance that axle can vertically move along metal substrate and metal substrate and the cubical body formed in the top of metal substrate
Diagonal is set；
（2）Metal support and metalwork are successively printed on metallic substrates according to 3D printing scheme using metal 3D printer；
（3）After the completion of 3D printing, metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally taken out, remove the metal of surface residual
Powder；
（4）Metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally subjected to vacuum heat, the technique bag of the vacuum heat
Include, first stage heat treatment, vacuum is not less than 10 in vacuum heat treatment furnace-3Pa, from room temperature 45-60 minutes to 630-
670 DEG C, 45-60 minutes are incubated, heating 30-40 minutes to 850-900 DEG C, are incubated 4-6 hours, are incubated after terminating immediately to metal
Part carries out vacuum air-quenching and is cooled to 20-100 DEG C；Second stage is heat-treated, from 20-100 DEG C of heating 35-45 minute to 530-570
DEG C, 4-6 hours are incubated, insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching to metalwork immediately after terminating and is cooled to room temperature；
（5）The metal support on metalwork is removed, and sanding and polishing metalwork is finished product；
（6）The metal support on metal substrate is removed, and sanding and polishing metal substrate is standby.
The distance that the major axis of overlength metalwork can be vertically moved along metal substrate and metal substrate in the present invention
And metal substrate top form cubical body diagonal set when when the material of metalwork is stainless steel the step of
For：
（1）The top that 3D printing scheme makes metalwork be located at metal substrate is designed, establishes the STL moulds of metalwork and metal substrate
Type, in STL models, according to the parameter of supported design, such as supporting surface angle, maximum non-supported face area is maximum non-supported
Jib-length etc., supporting surface is extracted, the interference carried out by STL models, which calculates, generates multiple metal supports, the length of metalwork
Diagonal of the axle along metal substrate is set；
（2）Metal support and metalwork are successively printed on metallic substrates according to 3D printing scheme using metal 3D printer；
（3）After the completion of 3D printing, metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally taken out, remove the metal of surface residual
Powder；
（4）Metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally subjected to vacuum heat, the technique bag of the vacuum heat
Include, the technique of the vacuum heat includes, first stage heat treatment, and vacuum is not less than 10 in vacuum heat treatment furnace-1Pa, from
Room temperature 45-60 minutes to 630-670 DEG C, are incubated 45-60 minutes, and heating 30-40 minutes to 850-900 DEG C, are incubated 45-60
Minute, 1050-1100 DEG C is continuously heating to, is incubated 3-4 hours, insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching cooling to metalwork immediately after terminating
To 20-100 DEG C；Second stage is heat-treated, and from 20-100 DEG C of heating 35-45 minute to 160-200 DEG C in special atmosphere oven, is protected
Warm 4-6 hours, room temperature is cooled to after coming out of the stove；
（5）The metal support on metalwork is removed, and sanding and polishing metalwork is finished product；
（6）The metal support on metal substrate is removed, and sanding and polishing metal substrate is standby.
Foregoing invention contains two concrete schemes based on same invention thinking.The first string is by overlength part
Face diagonal of the axis along metal substrate is set.Second scheme is along metal substrate and its elevating movement by the axis of overlength part
The cubical body diagonal formed is set.Space and the ability of existing equipment can be made full use of.Solve in the device space
The 3D printing of the lower production overlength metalwork of limitation and its heat treatment method, make full use of space and the ability of existing equipment, avoid
Repeat procuring equipment and cause idle and waste.In 3D printing, when being welded using laser beam spot because light beam spot diameter ratio with
Traditional welding is small, so energy density is high.This may result in big cross section or the stress in different transverse cross-sectional areas.
This stress can cause warpage, in extreme circumstances, part can be made " to be pulled out " from support, bring the generation in crack.Institute
It is special so that, because internal stress is particularly easy to deformation occur, its residual stress of different materials is different during metal is printed
It is not titanium alloy material, because the melting temperature and residual stress of titanium alloy can be very high.In the conceived case, wall should it is thin simultaneously
And it is consistent, the stress in such different zones will not cause other regions to deform.Therefore in selective laser melting process
In, the structure of supporting construction is necessary, there is several respects reason：On the one hand it is that supporting construction is strengthened and supports that part is flat with structure
The stability of platform；The second is supporting construction takes away heat unnecessary in part building process；The third is supporting construction can prevent
Failure probability in part warpage and reduction part building process.By the part three-dimensional CAD data model one with supporting construction
And change into stl file, handle generation solid cross-section profile and supporting section profile through subsequent hierarchy, then manufactured layer by layer with
Superposition, to obtain part original shape and supporter, while can also more metal be set in the region of metalwork thickness change
Supporter, it is more uniformly stressed support.After the completion of 3D printing, metalwork is not cut off from metal substrate, but by gold
The metal support and metal substrate being arranged on when belonging to part together with 3D printing between metalwork and 3D printer metal substrate
It is heat-treated, overcomes deformation caused by thermal stress in heat treatment using the positioning of metal support.After heat treatment again by gold
Category part is cut off from metal substrate.Both it ensure that the shape of metalwork met design requirement, and in turn ensure that the machine of metalwork
Tool performance meets requirement.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of 3D printing of overlength metalwork, heat treatment integral processing method, it is characterised in that include following steps：
（1）Design 3D printing scheme makes metalwork be located at the top of metal substrate, and 2 are set between metalwork and metal substrate
Or more than 2 metal supports connection metalworks and metal substrate, the diagonal of the major axis of metalwork along metal substrate are set；
（2）Metal support and metalwork are successively printed on metallic substrates according to 3D printing scheme using metal 3D printer；
（3）After the completion of 3D printing, metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally taken out, remove the metal of surface residual
Powder；
（4）Metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally subjected to vacuum heat, vacuum heat treatment process is according to metal
The vacuum heat treatment process of part determines；
（5）The metal support on metalwork is removed, and sanding and polishing metalwork is finished product；
（6）The metal support on metal substrate is removed, and sanding and polishing metal substrate is standby.
2. a kind of 3D printing of overlength metalwork, heat treatment integral processing method, it is characterised in that include following steps：
（1）Design 3D printing scheme makes metalwork be located at the top of metal substrate, and 2 are set between metalwork and metal substrate
Or more than 2 metal support connection metalworks and metal substrate, the major axis of metalwork can along metal substrate and metal substrate
Set with the distance vertically moved and the cubical body diagonal formed in the top of metal substrate；
（2）Metal support and metalwork are successively printed on metallic substrates according to 3D printing scheme using metal 3D printer；
（3）After the completion of 3D printing, metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally taken out, remove the metal of surface residual
Powder；
（4）Metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally subjected to vacuum heat, vacuum heat treatment process is according to metal
The vacuum heat treatment process of part determines；
（5）The metal support on metalwork is removed, and sanding and polishing metalwork is finished product；
（6）The metal support on metal substrate is removed, and sanding and polishing metal substrate is standby.
3. the 3D printing of overlength metalwork according to claim 1 or 2, heat treatment integral processing method, its feature exist
In：In the step（1）In, the STL models of metalwork and metal substrate are established, in STL models, according to the ginseng of supported design
Number, such as supporting surface angle, maximum non-supported face area, maximum non-supported jib-length etc., extract supporting surface, pass through STL moulds
The interference that type is carried out calculates generation metal support.
4. the 3D printing of overlength metalwork according to claim 1 or 2, heat treatment integral processing method, its feature exist
In：In the step（1）In, metal support is uniformly distributed on the perspective plane of metalwork.
5. the 3D printing of overlength metalwork according to claim 1 or 2, heat treatment integral processing method, its feature exist
In：In the step（1）In, more metal support is set in the region of metalwork thickness change.
6. the 3D printing of overlength metalwork according to claim 1 or 2, heat treatment integral processing method, its feature exist
In：In the step（4）In, the material of the metalwork is titanium or titanium alloy, and the technique of the vacuum heat includes, first
Phase heat treatment, vacuum is not less than 10 in vacuum heat treatment furnace-3Pa, from room temperature 45-60 minutes to 630-670 DEG C, protect
Warm 45-60 minutes, heating 30-40 minutes to 850-900 DEG C, are incubated 4-6 hours, and insulation carries out true to metalwork immediately after terminating
Air chilling is but to 20-100 DEG C；Second stage is heat-treated, and from 20-100 DEG C of heating 35-45 minute to 530-570 DEG C, is incubated 4-
6 hours, insulation carried out vacuum air-quenching to metalwork immediately after terminating and is cooled to room temperature.
7. the 3D printing of overlength metalwork according to claim 1 or 2, heat treatment integral processing method, its feature exist
In：In the step（4）In, the material of the metalwork is stainless steel, and the technique of the vacuum heat includes, the first stage
It is heat-treated, vacuum is not less than 10 in vacuum heat treatment furnace-1Pa, from room temperature 45-60 minutes to 630-670 DEG C, it is incubated 45-
60 minutes, heating 30-40 minutes to 850-900 DEG C, were incubated 45-60 minutes, were continuously heating to 1050-1100 DEG C, insulation 3-4 is small
When, insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching to metalwork immediately after terminating and is cooled to 20-100 DEG C；Second stage is heat-treated, in protective atmosphere
From 20-100 DEG C of heating 35-45 minute to 160-200 DEG C in stove, 4-6 hours are incubated, room temperature is cooled to after coming out of the stove.
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