CN107505353A - A kind of cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model and its method of testing - Google Patents
A kind of cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model and its method of testing Download PDFInfo
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- CN107505353A CN107505353A CN201710892039.2A CN201710892039A CN107505353A CN 107505353 A CN107505353 A CN 107505353A CN 201710892039 A CN201710892039 A CN 201710892039A CN 107505353 A CN107505353 A CN 107505353A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model and its method of testing, it is related to indoor model test technical field.The test model includes model casing, tunnel model, simulation air flow system, measurement sensor-based system and simulation tunnel driving system, and method of testing includes simulated test preparation process, simulates cooling-down effect step, location parameter step and the follow-up analog result processing step of different temperatures air-flow.The beneficial effects of the present invention are：The present invention can simulate the specific environment of the short span tunnel portal in cold area, with strong points, and can carry out the tunnel cooling test under different air velocities, different initial temperatures, device simple installation, convenient to carry out, measuring accuracy is higher, and the design for area short tunnel tunnel of trembling with fear provides foundation.
Description
Technical field
The invention mainly relates to indoor model test technical field, specifically a kind of cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling measure mould
Type and its method of testing.
Background technology
It is wide in region according to statistics, the various China of landform, share the territory of more than half and belong to Han Qu, Han Qu
Refer to that the year depth of freezing of topsoil is more than 800mm area, mainly include Permafrost Area and the species of seasonal frozen soil region two
Type, the 20% and 55% of area is accounted for respectively, and western and the Northeast is greatly distributed across in these areas.By
In building for cold area's railway, understanding of the people to cold regions engineering is greatly accelerated, but this kind of tunnel is easier summer temp occur
Lining cracks, peeling, railway roadbed emit a series of diseases such as water and ponding during rise.
Before Tunnel Design, it is necessary to when measuring the specific environment summer of Han Qu where tunnel under difference gas flow temperature in tunnel
Tunnel inner wall temperature rise curve under temperature variation curve and different ground temperature, so as to build the temperature in tunnel under the conditions of tunnel in cold area frozen soil
Offer foundation is tested and studied to the Permafrost thermal stability of the behavior of degree mechanism and tunnel surrounding.At present, related cold area's tunnel
Road cooling simulation test device is complicated, and volume is larger, cumbersome, although mould can be carried out to tunnel and insulation construction
Intend, but it is ineffective for the temperature boundary control in complex environment under multifactor impact, and specific aim is poor, it is impossible to effectively reproduces cold area's tunnel
The true specific environment in road, experimental results error are big.
The content of the invention
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention combines prior art, from practical application, there is provided a kind of special
For cold area's short tunnel portal environment Xia Han area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating models and its method of testing, it not only can be with mould
The specific environment of the short span tunnel portal in Ni Han areas, it is with strong points, and different air velocities, different initial temperatures can be carried out
Under tunnel cooling test, device simple installation, measuring accuracy are higher.
The present invention to achieve the above object, is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model, including model casing, tunnel model, simulation air flow system, survey
Sensor-based system and simulation tunnel driving system are measured, tunnel model is set in the model casing body, the tunnel model includes tunnel
Wall, the end of the tunnel wall are fixedly connected with model wall box, are formed between the model wall box and tunnel inner wall
Tunnel, the measurement sensor-based system include the first temperature sensor, display and power supply, and first temperature sensor is
Multiple, multiple first temperature sensors are located at tunnel portal along the cross-section EDS maps of tunnel wall, first temperature sensor
Opening position, the simulation tunnel driving system include heat-insulating shield, and the heat-insulating shield is adapted with tunnel wall inwall, the heat-insulating shield
Upper setting transmission rod, sets through hole on the model wall box, and it is external that described transmission rod one end through through hole is located at model casing
Portion, the heat-insulating shield are slided by transmission rod and model wall box, and tunnel model air guide is set on the model wall box
Pipe, described tunnel model airway tube one end are connected with simulation air flow system, and filling rock-soil material, described in the model casing body
Rock-soil material is centered around on tunnel wall outer wall.
This rating model also includes ground temperature simulation system, and the ground temperature simulation system is located at model casing bottom wall opening position,
The base plate interior sets cavity, and the bottom panel side sets ground temperature cryostat entrance and ground temperature cryostat outlet, the ground temperature cryostat
Entrance and ground temperature cryostat outlet communicate with cavity.
The tunnel model entrance sets air guide head piece, and the air guide head piece is the small special-shaped mouth of outer imperial palace, in horn-like,
First temperature sensor is located at the link position of air guide head piece and tunnel conventional mouth.
The simulation air flow system includes air pump, and the air pump side sets the first air pump airway tube, first air pump
Airway tube side sets heat sink, and the heat sink side sets the second air pump airway tube, the second air pump airway tube
It is connected with tunnel model airway tube.
The first sensor transversely with longitudinally disposed some second temperature sensors.
The transmission rod is threaded rod, is threadedly coupled between the transmission rod and heat-insulating shield.
The heat-insulating shield is the Rigid foam polyurethane that adiabatic tinfoil is wrapped up on surface.
The model casing is see-through model casing.
Gas pump meter is set on the first air pump airway tube, valve is set on the second air pump guide pipeline.
A kind of method of testing of cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model, comprises the following steps：
1), simulated test preparation process：Clearly test needs the parameter or factor simulated first, by described tunnel model
It is placed in model casing and formulates position, then adjusts described tunnels mimic driving system heat-insulating shield to predeterminated position according to analog simulation
Experiment carries out size progress and the layered coverage rock-soil material into the model casing, rock-soil material using Han Qu locations soil,
Material in mountain region, and tunnel model airway tube is connected with simulation air flow system, by other tunnel model air guide seals of tube；
2) the cooling-down effect step of different temperatures air-flow, is simulated：Fixed tunnel piercing systems insulation Board position；Then mould is made
Intend air flow system manufacture gas arrive constant current state, while opening temperature sensor obtain initial temperature, then to air-flow carry out with
Gas flow temperature is adjusted, and adjusts the steady temperature needed to experiment；
3), location parameter step：Whole tunnel model airway tubes are opened, obtain temperature field and horizontal stroke in different time sections tunnel
Cross-section temperature；Regulation simulates air flow system to different temperatures replication parameter acquisition step；
4), follow-up analog result processing step：Different initial gas flow temperatures and different time Imitating tunnel will be obtained successively
Road cross section temperature field is drawn, and above-mentioned relation is depicted as into different temperatures air-flow-tunnel cooling graph of relation.
Prior art is contrasted, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the present invention can simulate the specific environment of the short span tunnel portal in cold area, with strong points, and can carry out not
Tunnel cooling test under same air velocity, different initial temperatures, device simple installation, convenient to carry out, measuring accuracy is higher, is
The design in cold area short tunnel tunnel provides foundation.
2nd, the setting of ground temperature simulation system so that model is more nearly real tunnel environment, and can be to ground temperature
Control is adjusted, so as to improve the flexibility of test, specific aim and authenticity.
3rd, air guide head piece can be played Physical temperature-lowering effect, be improved model using the principle design of gas compression cooling
The flexibility of control and regulation and diversity.
4th, air flow system is simulated in the present invention and air-flow is manufactured by air pump, the temperature with heat sink mutual cooperation to air-flow
It is adjusted, small volume is rational in infrastructure, optimizes the test of model.
5th, second temperature sensor is easy to the temperature conditions of testing tunnel model surrounding environment, more objectively reaction Han Qu
The rule that tunnel is influenceed by temperature.
6th, transmission rod is threadedly coupled with heat-insulating shield, is easy to adjust the position of heat-insulating shield, makes heat-insulating shield more stable after fixing,
It is not easy to loosen.
7th, heat-insulating shield is the Rigid foam polyurethane that adiabatic tinfoil is wrapped up on surface, improve heat-insulating shield effect of heat insulation and with
The compactness of tunnel wall inwall fitting.
8th, see-through model casing is easy to that model box house is observed and adjusted, improve device use it is convenient
Property.
The 9th, gas pump meter is set on the first air pump airway tube, valve is set on the second air pump guide pipeline, is easy to gas
Air-flow is controlled caused by pump, improves the flexibility that device uses.
10th, method of testing of the invention is clear and definite, and cost is controllable, convenient to carry out, can simulate more real tunnel in cold area
Specific environment, measure area's short tunnel cooling regularity of distribution of trembling with fear under the conditions of different temperature, air-flow etc., carried for cold area's short tunnel design
For foundation.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is model casing overall structure diagram of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 2 is use state reference chart of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 3 is I portions of the present invention enlarged drawing；
Accompanying drawing 4 is cooling change and time history in the air-flow tunnel of different temperatures of the present invention.
Label shown in accompanying drawing：1st, model casing；2nd, tunnel model；3rd, air flow system is simulated；4th, sensor-based system is measured；5、
Simulation tunnel driving system；201st, tunnel wall；401st, the first temperature sensor；501st, heat-insulating shield；502nd, transmission rod；6th, tunnel mould
Type airway tube；7th, rock-soil material；8th, ground temperature simulation system；801st, ground temperature cryostat entrance；802nd, ground temperature cryostat exports；9th, flow guide
Mouthful；301st, air pump；302nd, the first air pump airway tube；303rd, heat sink；304th, the second air pump airway tube；402nd, second temperature passes
Sensor.
Embodiment
With reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate
The present invention rather than limitation the scope of the present invention.In addition, it is to be understood that after the content of the invention lectured has been read, this area
Technical staff can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent form of values equally fall within scope defined herein.
Referred respectively to it should be noted that the word used below in description is inner and outer towards or away from the side of casing model center
To.
A kind of cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model, including model casing 1, tunnel model 2, simulation air flow system 3,
Sensor-based system 4 and simulation tunnel driving system 5 are measured, is provided according to prior art, short tunnel refers to that length is less than 500 meters of tunnel
Road, the rating model in the present invention is to design and produce to form for short tunnel, suitable for the test of cold area's short tunnel.The model
Tunnel model 2 is set in casing 1, and the tunnel model 2 includes tunnel wall 201, end and the model casing of the tunnel wall 201
1 side wall is fixedly connected, and tunnel is formed between the side wall of model casing 1 and tunnel inner wall, as shown in Figure 1, tunnel model by
Tunnel wall and tunnel composition, the shape of tunnel wall is identical with actual tunnel, domed.The measurement sensor-based system 4 includes first
Temperature sensor 401, display (not shown) and power supply (not shown), in the present invention, measurement sensing system
System is measured using existing temperature sensor measurement system, and power is provided for sensor operation by power supply, and will
As a result show over the display.First temperature sensor 401 is multiple, and multiple first temperature sensors 401 are along tunnel
201 cross-section EDS maps of road wall, first temperature sensor 401 are located at tunnel portal opening position, the simulation tunnel driving system
System 5 includes heat-insulating shield 501, and the heat-insulating shield 501 is adapted with the inwall of tunnel wall 201, and as shown in Figure 1, heat-insulating shield is semicircle
Shape, it is adapted with the arcuate in shape of tunnel inner wall, heat-insulating shield will be accomplished seamless applying with tunnel wall inwall when in use.It is described exhausted
Transmission rod 502 is set on hot plate 501, through hole is set in the side wall of model casing 1, described one end of transmission rod 502 passes through through hole
Outside model casing 1, transmission rod is stretched out by model casing preformed hole and the body of rod leaves space with hole, is carried for the flowing of gas
For necessary condition.An admission line is only stayed obtaining initial air-flow stage tunnel model airway tube, other are all closed, according to
It can so ensure that gas can circulate.The heat-insulating shield 501 is described by transmission rod 502 and the side walls of model casing 1
Tunnel model airway tube 6 is set in the side wall of model casing 1, and tunnel model airway tube is arranged to multiple, can be arranged directly on mould
Molding box body sidewall opening position, can also be connected with tunnel wall, the tunnel model air guide tube shape being connected with the tunnel wall such as institute of accompanying drawing 3
Show.Described one end of tunnel model airway tube 6 is connected with simulation air flow system 3, filling rock-soil material 7 in the model casing 1,
Rock-soil material will with need the cold area studied where the soil in tunnel, mountain region etc. material it is identical, to improve the true of simulation test
Reality.The rock-soil material 7 is centered around on the outer wall of tunnel wall 201.The present invention can simulate the tool of the short span tunnel portal in cold area
Body environment, the polytropy of the complexity and environment temperature of environment, with strong points where can adapt to tunnel in cold area, and can enter
Tunnel cooling test under the different air velocities of row, different initial temperatures, device simple installation is convenient to carry out, measuring accuracy compared with
Height, the design for area short tunnel tunnel of trembling with fear provide foundation.
In order to improve the flexibility of test, specific aim and the authenticity of simulation, this rating model also includes ground temperature simulation system
System 8, the ground temperature simulation system 8 are located at the bottom wall opening position of model casing 1, and the base plate interior sets cavity, the bottom plate side
Face sets ground temperature cryostat entrance 801 and ground temperature cryostat outlet 802, is exported by ground temperature cryostat entrance and ground temperature cryostat by cryostat thing
Matter is filled in cavity, in a model, opening can be set at the top of bottom wall, cryostat material is in contact with rock-soil material, with mould
Intend really cold area's short tunnel environment.The ground temperature cryostat entrance 801 and ground temperature cryostat outlet 802 communicate with cavity.Ground temperature
The setting of simulation system so that model is more nearly real tunnel environment, and control can be adjusted to ground temperature, from
And improve flexibility, specific aim and the authenticity of test.
In order to improve the flexibility of rating model regulation and diversity, the entrance of tunnel model 2 sets air guide head piece 9,
As shown in Figure 2, the air guide head piece 9 is the small special-shaped mouth of outer imperial palace, in horn-like, first temperature sensor 401
At the link position of air guide head piece 9 and tunnel conventional mouth.Air guide head piece, can using the principle design of gas compression cooling
Physical temperature-lowering effect is played, improves flexibility and the diversity of model cootrol regulation.
In order to distribute the structure of this rating model rationally, the simulation air flow system 3 includes air pump 301, the air pump 301
Side sets the first air pump airway tube 302, and the side of the first air pump airway tube 302 sets heat sink 303, the cooling dress
Put 303 sides and the second air pump airway tube 304 is set, the second air pump airway tube 304 is connected with tunnel model airway tube 6.
Air flow system is simulated in the present invention air-flow is manufactured by air pump, cooperated with heat sink and the temperature of air-flow is adjusted,
Small volume, it is rational in infrastructure, optimize the test of model.
For the more objective rule that is influenceed by temperature of reaction tunnel in cold area, the first sensor transversely with longitudinal direction
Some second temperature sensors 402 are set.Second temperature sensor is easy to the temperature conditions of testing tunnel model surrounding environment, more
Add the rule that objectively reaction tunnel in cold area is influenceed by temperature.
In order to optimize the transmission between transmission rod and heat-insulating shield, the transmission rod 502 is threaded rod, the transmission rod 502
It is threadedly coupled between heat-insulating shield 501.Transmission rod is threadedly coupled with heat-insulating shield, when operating personnel rotate transmission rod, in model
In the presence of wall box and tunnel inner wall, heat-insulating shield is along model box body-sliding, consequently facilitating the position of adjustment heat-insulating shield.It is easy to
The position of heat-insulating shield is adjusted, makes heat-insulating shield more stable after fixing, is not easy to loosen.
For the compactness for improving the effect of heat insulation of heat-insulating shield and being bonded with tunnel wall inwall, the heat-insulating shield 501 is
Wrap up the Rigid foam polyurethane of adiabatic tinfoil in surface.Polyurethane material thermal conductivity factor is low, cooperates, not only increases with tinfoil
Effect of heat insulation, tinfoil between heat-insulating shield and tunnel wall inwall, also improve heat-insulating shield be bonded with tunnel wall inwall it is close
Property.
In order to improve the convenience that device uses, the model casing 1 is see-through model casing.See-through model casing is easy to
Model box house is observed and adjusted, improves the convenience that device uses.
In order to improve the flexibility that device uses, gas pump meter is set on the first air pump airway tube 302, described
Valve is set on two air pump airway tubes 304.Gas pump meter is set on the first air pump airway tube, on the second air pump guide pipeline
Valve is set, is easy to be controlled air-flow caused by air pump, improves the flexibility that device uses.
A kind of method of testing of cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model, comprises the following steps：
1), simulated test preparation process：Clearly test needs the parameter or factor simulated first, by described tunnel model
2, which are placed in model casing, formulates position, then adjusts described tunnels mimic driving system heat-insulating shield 501 to predeterminated position according to similar
Simulated test carries out size progress and the layered coverage rock-soil material 7 into the model casing, and rock-soil material 7 is using Han Qu locations
Material in soil, mountain region, and tunnel model airway tube 6 is connected with simulation air flow system 3, by other tunnel model air guides
Pipe 6 seals；
2) the cooling-down effect step of different temperatures air-flow, is simulated：The fixed position of tunnel piercing systems insulation plate 501；Then
Simulation air flow system 3 is set to manufacture gas to constant current state, while opening temperature sensor obtains initial temperature, then enters to air-flow
Row and gas flow temperature are adjusted, and adjust the steady temperature needed to experiment；
3), location parameter step：Open whole tunnel model airway tubes 6, obtain in different time sections tunnel temperature field and
Cross section temperature field；Regulation simulates air flow system 3 to different temperatures replication parameter acquisition step；
4), follow-up analog result processing step：Different initial gas flow temperatures and different time Imitating tunnel will be obtained successively
Road cross section temperature field is drawn, and above-mentioned relation is depicted as into different temperatures air-flow-tunnel cooling graph of relation.The present invention
Method of testing it is clear and definite, cost is controllable, convenient to carry out, can simulate the specific environment of more real tunnel in cold area, measure not
Cold area's short tunnel cooling regularity of distribution under the conditions of same temperature, air-flow etc., foundation is provided for cold area's short tunnel design.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model, including model casing 1, tunnel model 2, simulation air flow system 3,
Sensor-based system 4 and simulation tunnel driving system 5 are measured, tunnel model 2 is set in the model casing 1, the tunnel model 2 wraps
Include tunnel wall 201, the end of the tunnel wall 201 is fixedly connected with the side wall of model casing 1, tunnel wall and model wall box it
Between can be glued, in the present embodiment, can be glued between tunnel wall and model wall box with grafting.The side wall of model casing 1
Tunnel is formed between tunnel inner wall, the measurement sensor-based system 4 includes the first temperature sensor 401, display and power supply electricity
Source, in the present embodiment, the first temperature sensor and second temperature sensor use model WRNK -191.First temperature
Sensor 401 is multiple, and multiple first temperature sensors 401 pass along 201 cross-section EDS maps of tunnel wall, first temperature
Sensor 401 is located at tunnel portal opening position, and the simulation tunnel driving system 5 includes heat-insulating shield 501, the heat-insulating shield 501 with
The inwall of tunnel wall 201 is adapted, and can be connected between heat-insulating shield and model wall box or tunnel wall by slide rail, chute
Connect, directly can also be contacted with model wall box, tunnel wall, in the present embodiment, heat-insulating shield and model wall box, tunnel wall
Directly contact.And a diameter of 80mm of heat-insulating shield (the same 80mm of tunnel tunnel face size), tunnel model entrance 120mm, waste footpath
90mm.Transmission rod 502 is set on the heat-insulating shield 501, through hole, the transmission rod 502 1 are set in the side wall of model casing 1
End is located at outside model casing 1 through through hole, and the heat-insulating shield 501 passes through transmission rod 502 and the side walls of model casing 1, institute
State and tunnel model airway tube 6 is set in the side wall of model casing 1, in the present embodiment, model wall box in tunnel wall with being respectively provided with
Through hole, tunnel model airway tube are interference fitted through through hole and model wall box, tunnel wall.The tunnel model airway tube 6
One end is connected with simulation air flow system 3, and filling rock-soil material 7, the rock-soil material 7 are centered around tunnel in the model casing 1
On the outer wall of road wall 201.The present invention can simulate the specific environment of the short span tunnel portal in cold area, with strong points, and can enter
Tunnel cooling test under the different air velocities of row, different initial temperatures, device simple installation is convenient to carry out, measuring accuracy compared with
Height, the design for area short tunnel tunnel of trembling with fear provide foundation.This rating model also includes ground temperature simulation system 8, the ground temperature simulation
System 8 is located at the bottom wall opening position of model casing 1, and the base plate interior sets cavity, and the bottom panel side sets ground temperature cryostat to enter
Mouth 801 and ground temperature cryostat outlet 802, the ground temperature cryostat entrance 801 and ground temperature cryostat outlet 802 communicate with cavity.Ground temperature
The setting of simulation system so that model is more nearly real tunnel environment, and control can be adjusted to ground temperature, from
And improve flexibility, specific aim and the authenticity of test.The entrance of tunnel model 2 sets air guide head piece 9, the flow guide
Mouthfuls 9 be the small special-shaped mouth of outer imperial palace, and in horn-like, first temperature sensor 401 is located at air guide head piece 9 and routinely entered with tunnel
At the link position of mouth.Air guide head piece can be played Physical temperature-lowering effect, be improved using the principle design of gas compression cooling
The flexibility of model cootrol regulation and diversity.The source of the gas of simulation air flow system manufacture air-flow can be air compressor, air
Compressor connects weather adjustment device, and weather adjustment device is connected with tunnel model conduit.The simulation air flow system 3 includes
Air pump 301, the side of air pump 301 set the first air pump airway tube 302, and in the present embodiment, the first air pump airway tube is set in
At the blowing mouth of air pump, air pump uses model YSB-HG180 small air pump.The side of first air pump airway tube 302 is set
Heat sink 303 is put, heat sink is identical with the first air pump conduit and the second air pump conduit, heat sink internal cooling material
It is located at structure below through hole, prevents from entering in the second air pump conduit, in the present embodiment, the first air pump conduit and the second air pump
Conduit with heat sink grafting.In fact, the temperature because measuring cold area's short tunnel, the initial temperature of test is relatively low, therefore temperature
Degree adjusting means uses heat sink.Heat sink uses existing model heat sink, such as using ethylene glycol and water 1:1
The coolant of hybrid combining or ice cube etc., flexibly place as needed.The side of heat sink 303 sets the second air pump to lead
Tracheae 304, the second air pump airway tube 304 are connected with tunnel model airway tube 6.Air flow system is simulated in the present invention to pass through
Air pump manufactures air-flow, is cooperated with heat sink and the temperature of air-flow is adjusted, small volume is rational in infrastructure, optimizes mould
The test of type.The first sensor transversely with longitudinally disposed some second temperature sensors 402.Second temperature sensor is just
In the temperature conditions of testing tunnel model surrounding environment, the rule that more objectively reaction tunnel in cold area is influenceed by temperature.Power transmission
Bar can be plugged on heating power plate, promotion heating power plate forward-reverse, and in the present embodiment, the transmission rod 502 is threaded rod, described
It is threadedly coupled between transmission rod 502 and heat-insulating shield 501, when in use, transmission rod handle portion sets support bar, is passed for increasing
The stability that power bar rotates.Transmission rod is threadedly coupled with heat-insulating shield, be easy to adjust heat-insulating shield position, make heat-insulating shield fix after more
Add stabilization, be not easy to loosen.In the present embodiment, the heat-insulating shield 501 is the Rigid foam polyurethane that adiabatic tinfoil is wrapped up on surface.It is adiabatic
Plate is the Rigid foam polyurethane that adiabatic tinfoil is wrapped up on surface, improves the effect of heat insulation of heat-insulating shield and is bonded with tunnel wall inwall
Compactness.The model casing 1 is see-through model casing.In the present embodiment, model casing uses transparent toughened glass plate material
Matter.See-through model casing is easy to that model box house is observed and adjusted, and improves the convenience that device uses.Described
Gas pump meter is set on one air pump airway tube 302, valve is set on the second air pump airway tube 304.First air pump is led
Gas pump meter is set on tracheae, valve is set on the second air pump guide pipeline, is easy to be controlled air-flow caused by air pump,
Improve the flexibility that device uses.
Embodiment 2：
The method of testing of said determination model, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1), simulated test preparation process：Clearly test needs the different initial gas flow temperatures simulated first, by described tunnel
Road model 2 is placed in model casing and formulates position, then adjusts described tunnels mimic driving system heat-insulating shield 501 to predeterminated position and presses
Photograph carries out size progress like simulated test and the layered coverage rock-soil material 7 into the model casing, rock-soil material 7 use Han Qu
Material in location soil, mountain region, and tunnel model airway tube 6 is connected with simulation air flow system 3, by other tunnel moulds
Type airway tube 6 seals；
2) the cooling-down effect step of different temperatures air-flow, is simulated：The fixed position of tunnel piercing systems insulation plate 501；Then
Simulation air flow system 3 is set to manufacture gas to constant current state, while opening temperature sensor obtains initial temperature, then enters to air-flow
Row and gas flow temperature are adjusted, and adjust the steady temperature needed to experiment；
3), location parameter step：Open whole tunnel model airway tubes 6, obtain in different time sections tunnel temperature field and
Cross section temperature field；Regulation simulates air flow system 3 to different temperatures replication parameter acquisition step；
4), follow-up analog result processing step：Different initial gas flow temperatures and different time Imitating tunnel will be obtained successively
Road cross section temperature field is drawn, and above-mentioned relation is depicted as into different temperatures air-flow-tunnel cooling graph of relation.The present invention
Method of testing it is clear and definite, cost is controllable, convenient to carry out, can simulate the specific environment of more real tunnel in cold area, measure not
Cold area's short tunnel cooling regularity of distribution under the conditions of same temperature, air-flow etc., foundation is provided for cold area's short tunnel design.Accompanying drawing 4 is not
The test result figure changed over time with temperature at a temperature of initial air-flow.
Embodiment 3：
In the present embodiment, model uses the structure in embodiment 1, then in simulated test preparation process, from ground temperature cryostat
Entrance is put into cavity by ethylene glycol and water 1:The coolant of 1 hybrid combining, coolant and ground temperature cryostat entrance, ground temperature cryostat
Outlet complements each other to form cooling system, and model box bottom is adjusted to the ground temperature state of needs.Tunnel model airway tube root
According to needing to be connected with single or multiple second air pump airway tubes, so as to flexibly obtain the different air velocities of needs, difference initially
Temperature and different ground temperature, other testing procedures are same as Example 2.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model, it is characterised in that：Including model casing (1), tunnel model (2), Air flow system (3), measurement sensor-based system (4) and simulation tunnel driving system (5) are simulated, tunnel is set in the model casing (1) Road model (2), the tunnel model (2) include tunnel wall (201), end and model casing (1) side of the tunnel wall (201) Wall is fixedly connected, and the model casing (1) forms tunnel between side wall and tunnel inner wall, and the measurement sensor-based system (4) includes First temperature sensor (401), display and power supply, first temperature sensor (401) is multiple, and multiple described the One temperature sensor (401) is located at tunnel portal along tunnel wall (201) cross-section EDS maps, first temperature sensor (401) Opening position, the simulation tunnel driving system (5) include heat-insulating shield (501), and the heat-insulating shield (501) is interior with tunnel wall (201) Wall is adapted, and transmission rod (502) is set on the heat-insulating shield (501), through hole is set in model casing (1) side wall, described Transmission rod (502) one end is located at model casing (1) outside through through hole, and the heat-insulating shield (501) passes through transmission rod (502) and mould Molding box body (1) side walls, tunnel model airway tube (6), the tunnel model air guide are set in model casing (1) side wall Pipe (6) one end is connected with simulation air flow system (3), filling rock-soil material (7), the ground material in the model casing (1) Material (7) is centered around on tunnel wall (201) outer wall.
- A kind of 2. cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：This rating model Also include ground temperature simulation system (8), the ground temperature simulation system (8) is located at model casing (1) bottom wall opening position, in the bottom plate Portion sets cavity, and the bottom panel side sets ground temperature cryostat entrance (801) and ground temperature cryostat outlet (802), the ground temperature cryostat Entrance (801) and ground temperature cryostat outlet (802) communicate with cavity.
- A kind of 3. cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The tunnel mould Type (2) entrance sets air guide head piece (9), and the air guide head piece (9) is the small special-shaped mouth of outer imperial palace, in horn-like, described first Temperature sensor (401) is located at the link position of air guide head piece (9) and tunnel conventional mouth.
- A kind of 4. cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The simulation gas Streaming system (3) includes air pump (301), and air pump (301) side sets the first air pump airway tube (302), first air pump Airway tube (302) side sets heat sink (303), and heat sink (303) side sets the second air pump airway tube (304), the second air pump airway tube (304) is connected with tunnel model airway tube (6).
- A kind of 5. cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that：Described One sensor transversely with longitudinally disposed some second temperature sensors (402).
- A kind of 6. cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The transmission rod (502) it is threaded rod, is threadedly coupled between the transmission rod (502) and heat-insulating shield (501).
- A kind of 7. cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model according to claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that：It is described exhausted Hot plate (501) is the Rigid foam polyurethane that adiabatic tinfoil is wrapped up on surface.
- A kind of 8. cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The model casing Body (1) is see-through model casing.
- A kind of 9. cold area's short tunnel inlet cooling rating model according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：First gas Gas pump meter is set on pump airway tube (302), valve is set on the second air pump airway tube (304) road.
- 10. according to the method for testing of any one of claim 1-9 rating model, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：1), simulated test preparation process：Clearly test needs the parameter or factor simulated first, by described tunnel model (2) It is placed in model casing and formulates position, then adjusts described tunnels mimic driving system heat-insulating shield (501) to predeterminated position according to phase Size progress is carried out like simulated test and layered coverage rock-soil material (7) into the model casing, rock-soil material (7) use Han Qu Material in location soil, mountain region, and tunnel model airway tube (6) is connected with simulation air flow system (3), by other tunnels Road model airway tube (6) seals；2) the cooling-down effect step of different temperatures air-flow, is simulated：Fixed tunnel piercing systems insulation plate (501) position；Then make Simulate air flow system (3) and manufacture gas to constant current state, while opening temperature sensor obtains initial temperature, and then air-flow is entered Row and gas flow temperature are adjusted, and adjust the steady temperature needed to experiment；3), location parameter step：Whole tunnel model airway tubes (6) are opened, obtain temperature field and horizontal stroke in different time sections tunnel Cross-section temperature；Regulation simulates air flow system (3) to different temperatures replication parameter acquisition step；4), follow-up analog result processing step：Different initial gas flow temperatures will be obtained successively and different time Imitating tunnel is horizontal Cross-section temperature is drawn, and above-mentioned relation is depicted as into different temperatures air-flow-tunnel cooling graph of relation.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113865843A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-31 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Drain pipe performance test detection device and use method |
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