CN105486836B - The computational methods of saturation clay frozen-heave factor in closed system - Google Patents
The computational methods of saturation clay frozen-heave factor in closed system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of computational methods of saturation clay frozen-heave factor in closed system, this method is by being fetched earth in clay layer at the scene, standard quality of soil sample and remaining soil property amount under native state are measured by laboratory soil test, using oven drying method measure more than soil particle quality, relative density is measured using bottle method, so as to obtain the water content of soil sample and specific density of solid particles；Saturation is carried out to soil sample using vacuumizing method, surveys quality after its saturation, and calculate saturation moisture content；Water volume in soil particle volume and soil is calculated according to soil sample cumulative volume, soil particle density and saturation moisture content, establishes in closed system saturation clay frozen-heave factor on saturation moisture content and the calculation formula of specific density of solid particles.Beneficial effect is to compensate in the closed system of manual pipe jacking field clay volumetric expansion to calculate blank, establishes the function formula using saturation moisture content and specific density of solid particles as independent variable, can more effectively determine the frozen-heave factor of saturation clay under enclosed environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Artificial Frozen Soil technical field, and in particular to the calculating of saturation clay frozen-heave factor in a kind of closed system
Method.
Background technology
During engineering with artificial freezing method strengthening stratum, as heat exchange is carried out, formation temperature is gradually reduced, when soil body temperature
Degree is when reaching the freezing point, along with freeze in soil by pore water and migration water crystalline solid, lenticular body, the ice intrusive body such as ice band
Formed, the increase of soil body volume, and then the soil body is produced frost heaving.Body frost heaving in the freezing process application process of artificial stratum shows
As being all focus of interest in Practical Project all the time.
Especially for using construction freezing method Metro Tunnel, because subway tunnel is located at city prosperity location more,
Above ground structure and peripheral facility are more, while the pipeline that stratum is buried is various, intricate.Consider if there is design
Uncomprehensive or construction means are improper, cause stratum frost heaving amount effectively not estimated and monitored, and Around environment will be produced
Raw direct harmful effect, causes huge economy and personal casualty loss.This is required before artificial stratum construction freezing method, for
Body frost heaving effect is predicted.Therefore, a kind of frozen-heave factor computational methods of saturation clay are researched and developed, stratum caused by possibility is frozen
Swollen effect carries out simulation and forecast, and the cost and risk that freezing process is applied is preferably minimized, has Important Project practical value.
In engineering cognition practice, it has been found that the frost-heaving deformation of soil saturation clay in open system and in closed system
It is different.The frost heave of saturation clay is except volumetric expansion about 9% after water freezing under open system, also in freezing process
Water translocation makes the water content increase of thin sticking grain soil, and the volume of migration water exacerbates the frost heave of saturation clay.But soil is in frost heave
During water translocation, there is presently no than more complete reliable computational theory, to the understanding of Moisture Transfer Rule, also stop
In qualitative interpretation, not yet carry out determining quantifier elimination at many aspects, theoretical calculation is also very immature, and is essentially confined to use difference
Method is inquired into one-dimensional problem.Therefore, the research and development for the computational methods of saturation clay frozen-heave factor in open system still not into
It is ripe, it is necessary to which substantial amounts of scientific research personnel constantly furthers investigate to body frost heaving rule.
The frost heave of saturation clay is mainly as caused by the frost heave of saturation soil body pore water original position in closed system, and in soil
Capillary water is due to no outside moisturizing, and water translocation amount is extremely small in freezing process, not to saturation body frost heaving effect
Have an impact.Forefathers are summarized simultaneously studies discovery, although each component has breathing phenomenon because temperature changes in soil,
The coefficient of cubical expansion of ice is about 120 × 10 in frozen soil-6k-1, the coefficient of cubical expansion of water is about 200 × 10-6k-1, clay grain
The coefficient of cubical expansion is about 20 × 10-6k-1, their breathing effect is very small, can be neglected, therefore only need to consider native reclaimed water knot
Volumetric expansion caused by ice changes.These factors determine that the computational methods application of saturation clay frozen-heave factor in closed system is simple
With accuracy height.
Therefore, on the basis of numerous scholars are to the frost heave variation characteristic cognition of soil at this stage in summary, closed system is studied
A kind of computational methods of middle saturation clay body frozen-heave factor, and apply this method to simulate stratum freezing heave behavior caused by possibility
Prediction, the cost and risk of freezing process application is reduced, there is great theory significance and engineering practical value.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, it is an object of the invention to provide the calculating of saturation clay frozen-heave factor in closed system
Method, in favor of simplicity, quickly calculate body frost heaving rate.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide saturation clay frozen-heave factor in closed system
Computational methods, this method comprise the following steps：
1) fetched earth at the scene in clay layer, will be fetched earth according to specified specification and be processed as standard soil sample, and retain a certain amount of add
Residue soil after work；The quality m of the standard soil sample under native state and the quality m ' of remaining soil are measured first, then utilize baking
Dry method measures the soil particle quality m of remaining soils', and its soil is determined using bottle method to the soil particle of the residue soil after drying
Grain relative density ds, the natural moisture content w and grogs quality m of standard soil sample are drawn by following formulas：
2) immersion saturation, saturation time 24h are carried out to standard soil sample using vacuumizing method；
3) after the completion of saturation, take out standard soil sample and weigh, measure the saturation quality m of standard soil samplesat, and calculate its saturation
Water content wsat：
4) the volume V before the standard soil sample of saturation is freezed0The volume V of soil particle in the equivalent standard soil sample into saturationsWith
The volume V of waterwSuperposition, then
In formula, ρsFor soil particle density, numerically equal to specific density of solid particles ds；ρwFor the density of pure water, ρw=1g/cm3；
5) the volume V after the standard soil sample of saturation is freezed1Soil in the standard soil sample of the equivalent saturation into after the completion of freezing
The volume V of grainsWith the volume V of iceiSuperposition, then
In formula, ρiFor the density of ice, ρi=0.917g/cm3；
6) standard soil sample for establishing saturation freezes front and rear volume change formula, and passes through the mark of saturation in formula (4) (5)
Quasi- soil sample freezes front and rear volume equivalent transformation, obtains the frozen-heave factor α of saturation standard soil sample calculation formula：
Saturation clay frozen-heave factor α has been obtained in closed system on saturation moisture content w by above-mentioned stepssatWith grogs phase
To density dsCalculation formula.
The effect of the present invention is to compensate for the sky that the volumetric expansion of saturation clay in the closed system of manual pipe jacking field calculates
In vain, the function formula using saturation moisture content and specific density of solid particles as independent variable is established.This method is applied to engineering practice
In, more effectively, more quickly stratum freezing heave behavior caused by saturation clay body in relative closure environment can simulate pre-
Survey, the cost and risk that freezing process is applied is preferably minimized.Therefore, the calculating side of saturation clay frozen-heave factor in closed system is researched and developed
Method has great theory significance and engineering practical value.
Embodiment
The computational methods of saturation clay frozen-heave factor in the closed system of the present invention are elaborated below in conjunction with example.
The computational methods design philosophy of the frozen-heave factor of saturation clay in the closed system of the present invention, it is mainly based upon closing system
The frost heave of saturation clay is mainly as caused by the frost heave of saturation soil body pore water original position in system, and capillary water is not due to having in soil
Outside moisturizing, water translocation amount is extremely small in freezing process, saturation body frost heaving effect is not had an impact.It is simultaneously total
Tie forefathers and study discovery, although each component has breathing phenomenon because temperature changes in soil, the volume of ice in frozen soil
The coefficient of expansion is about 120 × 10-6k-1, the coefficient of cubical expansion of water is about 200 × 10-6k-1, the coefficient of cubical expansion of clay grain is about
For 20 × 10-6k-1, their breathing effect is very small, can be neglected, therefore only needs to consider that volume caused by water freezing is swollen in soil
Swollen change.These factors determine that the computational methods application of saturation clay frozen-heave factor in closed system is simple and accuracy is high.Cause
This, using the saturation moisture content w of soil samplesatWith specific density of solid particles ds, as saturation clay frozen-heave factor α in influence closed system
Parameter.
The computational methods of saturation clay frozen-heave factor, this method comprise the following steps in the closed system of the present invention：
1) fetched earth at the scene in clay layer, will be fetched earth according to specified specification and be processed as standard soil sample, and retain a certain amount of add
Residue soil after work；The quality m of the standard soil sample under native state and the quality m ' of remaining soil are measured first, then utilize baking
Dry method measures the soil particle quality m of remaining soils', and its soil is determined using bottle method to the soil particle of the residue soil after drying
Grain relative density ds, the natural moisture content w and grogs quality m of standard soil sample are drawn by following formulas：
2) immersion saturation, saturation time 24h are carried out to standard soil sample using vacuumizing method；
3) after the completion of saturation, take out standard soil sample and weigh, measure the saturation quality m of standard soil samplesat, and calculate its saturation
Water content wsat：
4) the volume V before the standard soil sample of saturation is freezed0The volume V of soil particle in the equivalent standard soil sample into saturationsWith
The volume V of waterwSuperposition, then
In formula, ρsFor soil particle density, numerically equal to specific density of solid particles ds；ρwFor the density of pure water, ρw=1g/cm3；
5) the volume V after the standard soil sample of saturation is freezed1Soil in the standard soil sample of the equivalent saturation into after the completion of freezing
The volume V of grainsWith the volume V of iceiSuperposition, then
In formula, ρiFor the density of ice, ρi=0.917g/cm3；
6) standard soil sample for establishing saturation freezes front and rear volume change formula, and passes through the mark of saturation in formula (4) (5)
Quasi- soil sample freezes front and rear volume equivalent transformation, obtains the frozen-heave factor α of saturation standard soil sample calculation formula：
Saturation clay frozen-heave factor α has been obtained in closed system on saturation moisture content w by above-mentioned stepssatWith grogs phase
To density dsCalculation formula.
Describe the calculating effect of the present invention in detail with reference to the whole calculating process of a standard soil sample：
(1) fetched earth in the clay layer of Tianjin job site, will fetch earth and be processed as according to specified specification's
Standard soil sample, and the remaining soil after member-retaining portion processing, calculate standard soil sample volume V0=196.25mm3。
(2) measure that the standard soil sample quality under native state is 369.2g and remaining soil property amount is 14.5g first.Then dry
The soil particle quality that remaining soil sample measures remaining soil is 12.1g, and it is 19.5% to obtain its natural moisture content, and to remaining native after drying
It is 2.73g/cm that soil particle, which carries out bottle method and determines its specific density of solid particles,3, standard soil sample soil is obtained by above step
Granular mass is 308.9g.
(3) immersion saturation, saturation time 24h are carried out to standard soil sample using vacuumizing method.
(4) after the completion of saturation, take out standard soil sample and weigh, quality is 410.3g after measuring its saturation, is computed drawing it
Saturation moisture content is 27.6%.
(4) by the standard soil sample after saturation, it is put into household freezer, household freezer temperature is -20 DEG C, freeze-off time 120h.
(5) standard soil sample for freezing to complete, the Volume Changes of bioassay standard soil sample are taken out.It is highly every along standard soil sample first
A soil sample diameter d is determined every 1mmi, corresponding numerical value is shown in Table 1, and it is 5.13mm to calculate its average diameter D.Then measurement standard
Soil sample height, its height change is only 0.003mm, can be ignored.Finally calculating the standard soil sample volume after frost heave is
206.93mm3。
Soil body diameter at the respective heights of table 1
(6) formula is utilizedCalculate the theoretical frozen-heave factor α of standard soil sample1, wherein wsatFor
Saturation moisture content, wsat=32.8%, dsFor specific density of solid particles, ds=2.75g/cm3, α is calculated1=3.88%.
(7) formula is utilizedCalculate the actual frozen-heave factor α of standard soil sample2, wherein V0Before freezing
Standard soil sample volume, V0=196.25mm3, V1For standard soil sample volume after the completion of freezing, V1=206.93mm3, α is calculated2
=5.16%.
(8) step (6) is contrasted, the result of calculation of (7) is found, the theoretical calculation of saturation clay frozen-heave factor in closed system
Value and actually measured value are very close.It may be concluded that in the closed system established of the present invention saturation clay frozen-heave factor meter
Formula is calculated, is very reliable.The reason for error be present in analysis：First, there is slight error in the soil sample cubing after freezing；
Second, the free frost heave of soil sample, is not constrained, some frost heave cracks are produced；Third, soil particle and native reclaimed water (ice) in soil sample by
, micro-strain be present in breathing effect.By this method be applied to engineering practice in, can more effectively, more quickly to relative closure
Stratum freezing heave behavior caused by saturation clay body carries out simulation and forecast in environment, and the cost and risk that freezing process is applied is dropped to most
It is low.Therefore, the computational methods for researching and developing saturation clay frozen-heave factor in closed system have great theory significance and engineering practical value.
Claims (1)
1. the computational methods of saturation clay frozen-heave factor in a kind of closed system, this method are pressed by being fetched earth in clay layer at the scene
It will be fetched earth according to specified specification and be processed as standard soil sample, and retain the residue soil after a certain amount of processing；Then measure under native state
The quality m of the standard soil sample and remaining soil quality m ', the soil particle quality m of remaining soil is measured using oven drying methods', and it is right
The soil particle of residue soil after drying determines its specific density of solid particles d using bottle methods, pass through formula
WithDraw the natural moisture content w and grogs quality m of standard soil samples；Standard soil sample is satisfied using vacuumizing method
With saturation time 24h；After the completion of saturation, take out standard soil sample and weigh, measure the saturation quality m of standard soil samplesat, and pass through
FormulaCalculate its saturation moisture content wsat, it is characterized in that：This method also includes：
(1) the volume V before the standard soil sample of saturation is freezed0The volume V of soil particle in the equivalent standard soil sample into saturationsAnd water
Volume VwSuperposition, then
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>w</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula, ρsFor soil particle density, numerically equal to specific density of solid particles ds；ρwFor the density of pure water, ρw=1g/cm3；
(2) the volume V after the standard soil sample of saturation is freezed1Soil particle in the standard soil sample of the equivalent saturation into after the completion of freezing
Volume VsWith the volume V of iceiSuperposition, then
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>+</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>w</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mn>0.917</mn>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula, ρiFor the density of ice, ρi=0.917g/cm3；
(3) standard soil sample for establishing saturation freezes front and rear volume change formula, and passes through the standard of saturation in formula (1) (2)
Soil sample freezes front and rear volume equivalent transformation, according to theoretical formulaObtain the frozen-heave factor α of saturation standard soil sample
Calculation formula：
<mrow>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>0.09</mn>
<msub>
<mi>w</mi>
<mrow>
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</mrow>
</msub>
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</mrow>
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<mo>(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>w</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
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</mrow>
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<msub>
<mi>d</mi>
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<mo>&times;</mo>
<mn>100</mn>
<mi>%</mi>
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<mo>(</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
Saturation clay frozen-heave factor α has been obtained in closed system on saturation moisture content w by above-mentioned stepssatIt is relatively close with grogs
Spend dsCalculation formula.
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| CN109653184B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2020-11-06 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Method for determining salt-frost heaving force of low-salt salinized soil |
| CN109283208B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2021-04-13 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Testing device and unsaturated soil frost heaving strain testing method |
| CN112200478B (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2022-08-02 | 长春工程学院 | Method and system for processing frost heaving risk information of cohesive soil field |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202057647U (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-11-30 | 任怀国 | Frost heave factor tester for soil property |
| CN103487564A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2014-01-01 | 北京交通大学 | Double-chamber determinator for volume frost-heaving ratio of frozen soil |
| CN103776984A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-07 | 黑龙江省水利科学研究院 | Joint test device and method for expansion and frost heaving of soil body |
| CN104360042A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-02-18 | 东北林业大学 | Device and method for testing internal frost-heave capacity of compacted soil |
| CN104749345A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-01 | 国家电网公司 | Testing device and testing method of padding frost heaving characteristic |
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2015
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202057647U (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-11-30 | 任怀国 | Frost heave factor tester for soil property |
| CN103487564A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2014-01-01 | 北京交通大学 | Double-chamber determinator for volume frost-heaving ratio of frozen soil |
| CN103776984A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-07 | 黑龙江省水利科学研究院 | Joint test device and method for expansion and frost heaving of soil body |
| CN104360042A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-02-18 | 东北林业大学 | Device and method for testing internal frost-heave capacity of compacted soil |
| CN104749345A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-01 | 国家电网公司 | Testing device and testing method of padding frost heaving characteristic |
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