CN107502085B - 一种近红外吸收颜料的透明隔热涂层及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种近红外吸收颜料的透明隔热涂层及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107502085B
CN107502085B CN201710571810.6A CN201710571810A CN107502085B CN 107502085 B CN107502085 B CN 107502085B CN 201710571810 A CN201710571810 A CN 201710571810A CN 107502085 B CN107502085 B CN 107502085B
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陈宇
景江
韩航
张群
崔正
王竹
许弟
张春辉
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Abstract

一种近红外吸收颜料的透明隔热涂层及制备方法,属于隔热涂层技术领域。透明或半透明树脂涂层中分散有表面活性剂改性的近红外吸收颜料M‑CuxSy,其中M为掺杂金属离子,1≤x≤2,1≤y≤2。将透明或半透明树脂加入到溶剂中溶解或分散,使用表面活性剂直接对近红外吸收颜料进行表面改性,再加入到透明或者半透明树脂基体溶液或分散液中,搅拌均匀使其分散,将其涂覆在基板上,自然晾干或烘干。透明隔热涂层在近红外区的平均透射率很低,在可见光区域的透过率比较高。

Description

一种近红外吸收颜料的透明隔热涂层及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种近红外吸收颜料的透明隔热涂层及制备,制得的颜料具有黑色到墨绿色的颜色,在可见光波段范围之内的透过率高,近红外区透过率很低,具有吸收近红外辐射性能的热遮蔽性颜料,属于隔热涂层技术领域。
背景技术
太阳辐射能量中,紫外波段约含5%,可见光波段(400-700nm)约含43%,近红外波段(700-2500nm)含约52%。可见光太阳光辐射的能量有一半左右来自于近红外(700-2500nm)辐射。为了实现节约能源的目的,在现有技术中,建筑物及汽车的玻璃上通常借着贴上一层隔热材料来达成隔热节能的效果。我们即希望材料在可见光区有很高的透过率,又希望能够极大的吸收近红外光,把热光源屏蔽掉,从而降低室内的温度。这就需要材料有很高的光谱选择性能,在不消耗能源的情况下来达到降温的目的。
鉴于此,需要开发更加高效的近红外吸收颜料隔热涂层。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种近红外吸收颜料的透明隔热涂层及制备方法。
为达到以上目的,本发明是采取如下技术方案予以实现的。
一种近红外吸收颜料的透明隔热涂层,其特征在于,透明或半透明树脂涂层中分散有表面活性剂改性的近红外吸收颜料M-CuxSy,其中M为掺杂金属离子,1≤x≤2,1≤y≤2。
优选地,所述掺杂金属离子选自碱土金属、过渡金属、镧系、錒系、IIIA金属、VA金属等,如Fe、Al、Mg、Cs、Ba、Zn、La、Ce、W、Sb等,优选其中一种或两种。
优选地,所述涂层半透明或透明树脂,例如选自:聚乙烯(常用聚乙烯可分为低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)和线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE))、聚氯乙烯,聚碳酸酯、聚苯乙烯、醋酸乙烯酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮类、聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯醇类、丙烯酸类(如丙烯酸-丙烯睛共聚物、醋酸乙烯酯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸-丙烯酸酯共聚物等)、聚氨酯类(如水性聚氨酯、无溶剂型聚氨酯、溶剂型聚氨酯、热塑性聚氨酯等)中的一种或两种复合物。
上述近红外吸收颜料的透明隔热涂层的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:将透明或半透明树脂加入到溶剂中溶解或分散,使用表面活性剂直接对近红外吸收颜料M-CuxSy进行表面改性,再加入到透明或者半透明树脂基体溶液或分散液中,搅拌均匀使其分散,将其涂覆在基板上,自然晾干或烘干。
优选地,所述溶剂选自芳香烃类(苯、甲苯、二甲苯等);脂肪烃类(戊烷、己烷、辛烷等);脂环烃类(环己烷);卤化烃类(氯苯、二氯苯、二氯甲烷等);醇类(甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇等);醚类(乙醚、环氧丙烷等);酯类(醋酸甲酯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丙酯等);酮类(丙酮、甲基丁酮、甲基异丁酮、N-甲基吡咯烷酮等);二醇衍生物(乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇单乙醚、乙二醇单丁醚等);其他:乙腈、吡啶、苯酚、二甲基乙酰胺、水。其中树脂在溶剂中所占的质量比例为5%-90%。
优选地,所述表面活性剂选自硅烷偶联剂KH550、硅烷偶联剂KH560、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵,占体系总质量的5%-20%。
优选地,烘干温度为40-90℃。所述近红外吸收颜料M-CuxSy占体系质量的0.01%-5%。
上述近红外吸收热屏蔽颜料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将铜源、硫源、保护剂、掺杂金属离子金属盐配制而成的混合物溶于溶剂中,调节体系pH为1~9,然后超声分散一段时间,得到分散液混合物;
(2)将分散液混合物转移进入内衬压力反应釜中,密封,放入烘箱,保温一段时间;随后冷却到室温,反应釜中生成物用蒸馏水及无水乙醇交替清洗数次,然后放在烘箱中干燥(如90℃干燥12h);得到的粉体放入研钵中研磨,得到近红外吸收热屏蔽颜料颗粒。
优选:所述铜源和保护剂摩尔比1:0-2.0。所述铜源和硫源摩尔比1:0.5-4.0。所述掺杂金属离子和铜源摩尔比0-2:1,且不包括0。溶剂选自:正丁醇、乙二醇、乙醇、水其中一种。所述铜源选自:硫酸铜(CuSO4·5H2O),硝酸铜(Cu(NO3)2·3H2O),氯化铜(CuCl2·2H2O),柠檬酸铜(C6H6CuO7),草酸铜(CuC2O4),酞青蓝(C32H16CuN8),醋酸铜(C4H8CuO5),优选其中一种或两种。所述铜源浓度为0.00625-0.0625mol/L。所述硫源选自:硫化钠(Na2S),硫脲(SC(NH2)2),硫代硫酸钠(Na2S2O3),二硫化碳(CS2),优选其中一种或两种。所述保护剂选自:EDTA(乙二胺四乙酸),一水合柠檬酸(C6H8O7·H2O),聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP),优选其中一种;掺杂金属离子金属盐,如硝酸盐、硫酸盐、盐酸盐、草酸盐等。优选地,超声时间为20min~60min。步骤(2),优选的,所述放入烘箱,保温温度为60℃-190℃,时间为1h-9h。
本发明产品采用岛津UV-3600型紫外可见近红外分光光度计测试颜料的吸收光谱图及隔热涂层的透射率光谱图,如图1,图2所示。透明隔热涂层在近红外区(800nm-2500nm)的平均透射率很低,可以达到17%以下,在可见光区域的透过率比较高,可达到46.75%,见附图2。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,构成本申请的一部分,并不构成对本发明的不当限定,在附图中:
图1是实施例1的紫外可见光近红外剂的XRD谱图。
图2是实施例1,2,3,4的紫外可见光近红外吸收谱图。
图3是实施例1,2,3,4的紫外可见光近红外透射图谱。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图效果以及具体实施例来详细说明本发明,在此本发明的示意性实施例以及说明用来解释本发明,但并不作为对本发明的限定。
为便于本领域技术人员进一步理解本发明,以下实施例均按相同的制备方法制备。
实施例1近红外吸收颜料、其制备方法、及隔热透明涂层的制备(一种近红外吸收颜料、其制备方法、及隔热透明涂层的制备1)
按照CuSO4·5H2O,CS2,EG(乙二醇),掺杂金属离子Bi+(如硝酸铋)摩尔比为2:1:1:0.5(CuSO4·5H2O的摩尔数0.01mol)配制而成所得的混合物溶于100mL的乙二醇中,用浓盐酸调节pH=1,随后超声分散20min,然后将混合物转移进入容积为300ml的聚四氟乙烯内衬压力釜中,密封,放入烘箱,保持在100℃,反应4h。而后,随炉冷却到室温,反应釜中生成物用蒸馏水及无水乙醇交替清洗3次,然后粉末放在真空烘箱中90℃干燥12h。随后将得到的粉体放入研钵中研磨10分钟,得到黑色粉体Bi-Cu1.96S。将PVA溶于水中,配置成10%的PVA水溶液,取0.1g黑色粉体并用KH550(2g量)表面活性剂改性,将改性过后的黑色粉体溶于20g的10%的PVA水溶液中,搅拌使分散均匀,取2ml混合溶液涂制成50mm×500mm×0.02mm薄膜。测得实施例1薄膜样品的近红外光谱在800nm-2500nm透射率平均值为75.14%。可见光区400-800nm的透射率85.66%。
实施例2近红外吸收颜料、其制备方法、及隔热透明涂层的制备(一种近红外吸收颜料、其制备方法、及隔热透明涂层的制备2)
按照CuCl2·2H2O,SC(NH2)2,EG,掺杂金属离子Bi+(如硝酸铋)摩尔比为1:1:1:0.5(CuCl2·2H2O的摩尔数0.01mol)配制而成所得的混合物溶于100mL的乙二醇中,用浓盐酸调节pH=3,随后超声分散20min,然后将混合物转移进入容积为300ml的聚四氟乙烯内衬压力釜中,密封,放入烘箱,保持在100℃,反应4h。而后,随炉冷却到室温,反应釜中生成物用蒸馏水及无水乙醇交替清洗3次,然后粉末放在在真空烘箱中90℃干燥12h。随后将得到的粉体放入研钵中研磨10分钟,得到黑色粉体Bi-CuS。得到黑色粉体将PVA溶于水中,配置成10%的PVA水溶液,取0.1g黑色粉体并用KH550(2g量)表面活性剂改性,将改性过后的黑色粉体溶于20g的10%的PVA水溶液中,搅拌使分散均匀,取2ml混合溶液涂制成50mm×50mm×0.02mm薄膜测得实施例2颜料样品的近红外光谱在800nm-2500nm透射率平均值为64.08%。可见光区400-800nm的透射率78.0%。
实施例3近红外吸收颜料、其制备方法、及隔热透明涂层的制备(一种近红外吸收颜料、其制备方法、及隔热透明涂层的制备3)
按照CuCl2·2H2O,Na2S2O3,EDTA,掺杂金属离子Fe3+(如硝酸铁)摩尔比为1:1:1:0.5(CuCl2·2H2O的摩尔数0.01mol)配制而成所得的混合物溶于100mL的乙二醇中,用浓盐酸调节pH=3,随后超声分散20min,然后将混合物转移进入容积为300ml的聚四氟乙烯内衬压力釜中,密封,放入烘箱,保持在100℃,反应4h。而后,随炉冷却到室温,反应釜中生成物用蒸馏水及无水乙醇交替清洗3次,然后粉末放在在真空烘箱中90℃干燥12h。随后将得到的粉体放入研钵中研磨10分钟,得到黑色粉体Fe-CuS。将PC溶于N-甲基吡咯烷酮中,配置成10%的PC溶液,取0.1g黑色粉体并用KH550表面活性剂(2g量)改性,将改性过后的黑色粉体溶于20g的10%的PC溶液中,搅拌使分散均匀,取2ml混合溶液涂制成50mm×50mm×0.02mm薄膜,测得实施例3颜料样品的近红外光谱800nm-2500nm透射率平均值为30.20%。可见光区400-800nm透过率为59.60%。
实施例4近红外吸收颜料、其制备方法、及隔热透明涂层的制备(一种近红外吸收颜料、其制备方法、及隔热透明涂层的制备4)
按照CuCl2·2H2O,Na2S2O3,EDTA,掺杂金属盐钨盐(如钨酸钠)摩尔比为1:1:1:0.5(CuCl2·2H2O的摩尔数0.01mol)配制而成所得的混合物溶于100mL的乙二醇中,用浓盐酸调节pH=3,随后超声分散20min,然后将混合物转移进入容积为300ml的聚四氟乙烯内衬压力釜中,密封,放入烘箱,保持在100℃,反应4h。而后,随炉冷却到室温,反应釜中生成物用蒸馏水及无水乙醇交替清洗3次,然后粉末放在在真空烘箱中90℃干燥12h。随后将得到的粉体放入研钵中研磨10分钟,得到黑绿色粉体W-CuS。将热塑性聚氨酯溶于二甲基乙酰胺中,配置成10%的TPU溶液,取0.1g黑绿色粉体并用KH560表面活性剂(2g量)改性,将改性过后的黑绿色粉体溶于20g的10%的TPU溶液中,搅拌使分散均匀,取2ml混合溶液涂制成50mm×50mm×0.02mm薄膜,测得实施例4颜料样品的近红外光谱在800nm-2500nm透射率平均值为17%。可见光区400-800nm透过率为46.75%。

Claims (1)

1.一种近红外800~2500 nm吸收颜料的透明隔热涂层,其特征在于,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
按照CuCl2·2H2O、Na2S2O3、EDTA、掺杂金属盐钨盐钨酸钠摩尔比为1:1:1:0.5配制而成所得的混合物溶于100mL的乙二醇中,其中CuCl2·2H2O的摩尔数0.01mol,用浓盐酸调节pH=3,随后超声分散20min,然后将混合物转移进入容积为300 mL的聚四氟乙烯内衬压力釜中,密封,放入烘箱,保持在100℃,反应4 h;而后,随炉冷却到室温,反应釜中生成物用蒸馏水及无水乙醇交替清洗3次,然后放在真空烘箱中90℃干燥12h;随后将得到的粉体放入研钵中研磨10 分钟,得到黑绿色粉体W-CuS;将热塑性聚氨酯溶于二甲基乙酰胺中,配置成质量百分含量10%的TPU溶液,取0.1g黑绿色粉体W-CuS并用2g 的KH560表面活性剂改性,将改性过后的黑绿色粉体W-CuS溶于20g的10%的TPU溶液中,搅拌分散均匀,取2mL混合溶液涂制成50mm×50mm×0.02mm薄膜。
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