CN107494350A - 一种禾花鲤稻田养殖方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种禾花鲤稻田养殖方法,包括以下步骤:(1)稻田选择;(2)放养准备;(3)投放禾花鲤苗种:插秧后6‑8天,向稻田内投放禾花鲤苗种,每亩投放450‑500尾规格为4‑5厘米的禾花鲤鱼种;(4)养殖管理:在鱼种投放的第一周,不需要饲喂,一周后至鱼种长至10g前,饲喂鱼苗饲料,之后饲喂成鱼饲料;(5)鱼病防治;(6)成鱼捕捞。本发明的方法能够将禾花鲤放养在稻田里,实现鱼稻双丰收:稻田可以为鱼类提供各种浮游生物、昆虫和稻花等作为食物,鱼类反过来可以为稻田除虫松泥,鱼的吞吐排泄还可以肥水育稻。良好的有机循环有利于稻和鱼的生长,同时大大降低了稻田的病虫害程度,避免了有害化学品的过度使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种禾花鲤稻田养殖方法。
背景技术
禾花鲤属鲤科,是鲤鱼的一个变异品种,属地方土著鱼类。该鱼肉质细嫩清甜,骨软无腥味,蛋白质含量高。禾花鲤养在稻田水中,平常以浮游生物及昆虫幼虫、螺类等为食,在稻田禾花抽穗期间,禾花鲤吃了禾花掉落在水中的花粉及花瓣后,体质更加肥壮,肉质更加香嫩可口,顾名“禾花鲤”。地处桂北山区的融水县苗族群众千百年来一直沿用“种稻养鱼”的生产方式,喜欢在稻田之中放养禾花鲤,秋收时能得到稻鱼双收的丰硕成果,从而形成了“饭稻羮鱼”的独特饮食文化。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种禾花鲤稻田养殖方法。
本发明提供一种禾花鲤稻田养殖方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)稻田选择:选择水源丰富、阳光充足、保水保肥能力强、排灌方便、无污染的地块作为稻田,田坎要加固夯实,田埂硬化并加高至50cm-55cm;
(2)放养准备:在禾花鲤放养前5-7天,逐步加深水位,蓄水后施放有机肥,用量200-250kg/亩;
(3)投放禾花鲤苗种:插秧后6-8天,向稻田内投放禾花鲤苗种,每亩投放450-500尾规格为4-5厘米的禾花鲤鱼种,投放前将鱼种用3wt%的食盐溶液浸泡5-8分钟;
(4)养殖管理:在鱼种投放的第一周,不需要饲喂,一周后至鱼种长至10g前,饲喂鱼苗饲料,之后饲喂成鱼饲料;
(5)鱼病防治:每14-16天用生石灰进行消毒,以防治水霉病;生石灰用量为每亩15-18kg;
(6)成鱼捕捞:在收水稻的同时进行成鱼捕捞。
步骤(2)中的有机肥可以采用腐熟的猪粪肥、鸡粪肥等,优选采用按照下述方法制备的有机肥:
有机肥的制备方法为:将新鲜猪粪80-90重量份、麦麸3-5重量份、稻壳10-15重量份、豆粕4-6重量份混合,加水拌湿,加水量以用手紧抓一把物料能成团,松手落地即能散开为宜,室温下发酵25-35天,即得。
作为优选,步骤(4)中,所述鱼苗饲料由以下质量份数的各组分组成:鸡肉粉30-35份、花生麸20-25份、菜饼5-8份、维生素C 0.04-0.06份。
作为优选,步骤(4)中,所述成鱼饲料由以下质量份数的各组分组成:鱼粉25-30份、鸡肉粉2-4份、菜饼2-4份、麦麸2-4份、玉米粉1-3份、青草2-4份、维生素C 0.01-0.03份。
本发明的方法能够将禾花鲤放养在稻田里,实现鱼稻双丰收:稻田可以为鱼类提供各种浮游生物、昆虫和稻花等作为食物,鱼类反过来可以为稻田除虫松泥,鱼的吞吐排泄还可以肥水育稻。良好的有机循环有利于稻和鱼的生长,同时大大降低了稻田的病虫害程度,避免了有害化学品的过度使用。禾花鲤饲料配方合理,鱼种生长迅速且成活率高。
具体实施方式
以下的实施例便于更好地理解本发明,但并不限定本发明。下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。下述实施例中所用的试验材料,如无特殊说明,均为市售。
实施例1
本发明的一种禾花鲤稻田养殖方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)稻田选择:选择水源丰富、阳光充足、保水保肥能力强、排灌方便、无污染的地块作为稻田,田坎要加固夯实,田埂硬化并加高至52cm;
(2)放养准备:在禾花鲤放养前6天,逐步加深水位,蓄水后施放有机肥,用量220kg/亩;
所述有机肥的制备方法为:将新鲜猪粪85重量份、麦麸4重量份、稻壳12重量份、豆粕5重量份混合,加水拌湿,加水量以用手紧抓一把物料能成团,松手落地即能散开为宜,室温下发酵30天,即得。
(3)投放禾花鲤苗种:插秧后7天,向稻田内投放禾花鲤苗种,每亩投放480尾规格为4厘米的禾花鲤鱼种,投放前将鱼种用3wt%的食盐溶液浸泡6分钟;
(4)养殖管理:在鱼种投放的第一周,不需要饲喂,一周后至鱼种长至10g前,饲喂鱼苗饲料,之后饲喂成鱼饲料;
所述鱼苗饲料由以下质量份数的各组分组成:鸡肉粉32份、花生麸22份、菜饼6份、维生素C 0.05份。
所述成鱼饲料由以下质量份数的各组分组成:鱼粉28份、鸡肉粉3份、菜饼3份、麦麸3份、玉米粉2份、青草3份、维生素C 0.02份。
(5)鱼病防治:每15天用生石灰进行消毒,以防治水霉病;生石灰用量为每亩16kg;
(6)成鱼捕捞:在收水稻的同时进行成鱼捕捞。每亩收获453尾成鱼,成鱼平均重量为535g。
实施例2
本发明的一种禾花鲤稻田养殖方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)稻田选择:选择水源丰富、阳光充足、保水保肥能力强、排灌方便、无污染的地块作为稻田,田坎要加固夯实,田埂硬化并加高至55cm;
(2)放养准备:在禾花鲤放养前5天,逐步加深水位,蓄水后施放有机肥,用量250kg/亩;
所述有机肥的制备方法为:将新鲜猪粪80重量份、麦麸5重量份、稻壳10重量份、豆粕6重量份混合,加水拌湿,加水量以用手紧抓一把物料能成团,松手落地即能散开为宜,室温下发酵25天,即得。
(3)投放禾花鲤苗种:插秧后8天,向稻田内投放禾花鲤苗种,每亩投放450尾规格为5厘米的禾花鲤鱼种,投放前将鱼种用3wt%的食盐溶液浸泡8分钟;
(4)养殖管理:在鱼种投放的第一周,不需要饲喂,一周后至鱼种长至10g前,饲喂鱼苗饲料,之后饲喂成鱼饲料;
所述鱼苗饲料由以下质量份数的各组分组成:鸡肉粉30份、花生麸25份、菜饼5份、维生素C 0.06份。
所述成鱼饲料由以下质量份数的各组分组成:鱼粉25份、鸡肉粉4份、菜饼2份、麦麸4份、玉米粉1份、青草4份、维生素C 0.01份。
(5)鱼病防治:每16天用生石灰进行消毒,以防治水霉病;生石灰用量为每亩15kg;
(6)成鱼捕捞:在收水稻的同时进行成鱼捕捞。每亩收获416尾成鱼,成鱼平均重量为546g。
实施例3
本发明的一种禾花鲤稻田养殖方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)稻田选择:选择水源丰富、阳光充足、保水保肥能力强、排灌方便、无污染的地块作为稻田,田坎要加固夯实,田埂硬化并加高至50cm;
(2)放养准备:在禾花鲤放养前7天,逐步加深水位,蓄水后施放有机肥,用量200kg/亩;
所述有机肥的制备方法为:将新鲜猪粪90重量份、麦麸3重量份、稻壳15重量份、豆粕4重量份混合,加水拌湿,加水量以用手紧抓一把物料能成团,松手落地即能散开为宜,室温下发酵35天,即得。
(3)投放禾花鲤苗种:插秧后6天,向稻田内投放禾花鲤苗种,每亩投放500尾规格为4厘米的禾花鲤鱼种,投放前将鱼种用3wt%的食盐溶液浸泡5分钟;
(4)养殖管理:在鱼种投放的第一周,不需要饲喂,一周后至鱼种长至10g前,饲喂鱼苗饲料,之后饲喂成鱼饲料;
所述鱼苗饲料由以下质量份数的各组分组成:鸡肉粉35份、花生麸20份、菜饼8份、维生素C 0.04份。
所述成鱼饲料由以下质量份数的各组分组成:鱼粉30份、鸡肉粉2份、菜饼4份、麦麸2份、玉米粉3份、青草2份、维生素C 0.03份。
(5)鱼病防治:每14天用生石灰进行消毒,以防治水霉病;生石灰用量为每亩18kg;
(6)成鱼捕捞:在收水稻的同时进行成鱼捕捞。每亩收获417尾成鱼,成鱼平均重量为483g。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种禾花鲤稻田养殖方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)稻田选择:选择水源丰富、阳光充足、保水保肥能力强、排灌方便、无污染的地块作为稻田,田坎要加固夯实,田埂硬化并加高至50cm-55cm;
(2)放养准备:在禾花鲤放养前5-7天,逐步加深水位,蓄水后施放有机肥,用量200-250kg/亩;
(3)投放禾花鲤苗种:插秧后6-8天,向稻田内投放禾花鲤苗种,每亩投放450-500尾规格为4-5厘米的禾花鲤鱼种,投放前将鱼种用3wt%的食盐溶液浸泡5-8分钟;
(4)养殖管理:在鱼种投放的第一周,不需要饲喂,一周后至鱼种长至10g前,饲喂鱼苗饲料,之后饲喂成鱼饲料;
(5)鱼病防治:每14-16天用生石灰进行消毒,以防治水霉病;生石灰用量为每亩15-18kg;
(6)成鱼捕捞:在收水稻的同时进行成鱼捕捞。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,所述有机肥的制备方法为:将新鲜猪粪80-90重量份、麦麸3-5重量份、稻壳10-15重量份、豆粕4-6重量份混合,加水拌湿,加水量以用手紧抓一把物料能成团,松手落地即能散开为宜,室温下发酵25-35天,即得。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,所述鱼苗饲料由以下质量份数的各组分组成:鸡肉粉30-35份、花生麸20-25份、菜饼5-8份、维生素C 0.04-0.06份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,所述成鱼饲料由以下质量份数的各组分组成:鱼粉25-30份、鸡肉粉2-4份、菜饼2-4份、麦麸2-4份、玉米粉1-3份、青草2-4份、维生素C 0.01-0.03份。
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