CN107488079A - Amino acid microbial envelope fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Amino acid microbial envelope fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107488079A CN107488079A CN201710692536.8A CN201710692536A CN107488079A CN 107488079 A CN107488079 A CN 107488079A CN 201710692536 A CN201710692536 A CN 201710692536A CN 107488079 A CN107488079 A CN 107488079A
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of amino acid microbial envelope fertilizer and preparation method thereof, preparation process includes：By 0.2~1 part of 30~40 parts of 15~20 parts of 45~50 parts of 15~20 parts of 5~10 parts of 5~10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, soybean meal powder, borax, ammonium nitrate, MAP, potassium sulfate, the humic acid of each parts by weight, micro- 0.7~3.5 part of raw material mixing granulation, material grain is made；Then in material 0.2~1 part of bacillus subtilis of grain Surface coating and 0.2~1 part of bacillus megaterium.The inventive method, compounded amino acid donors are used as by the use of the hydrolyzed feather meal rich in more free amino acid and the collocation of soybean meal powder, the effect of being granulated together with inorganic and organic principle, then expecting a Surface coating complex micro organism fungicide again, reduce amino acid and microorganism in process is lost；And promote composition containing a variety of nutrition such as stream amine element, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, choline, arranged in pairs or groups with reference to other nutritional ingredients, make the performance of fertilizer efficiency quality more stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of compound fertilizers, in particular to an amino acid microorganism coated fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The organic fertilizer can improve soil, improve soil fertility, restore normal ecological balance of soil, increase organic matter content of soil, form a granular structure, and improve the air permeability, water retention and fertilizer retention performances of soil, thereby being beneficial to the growth of crop roots and improving the quality and yield of plants. The organic fertilizer can reduce the harm of agricultural products to human bodies, birds and beasts caused by excessive application of the fertilizer; on the other hand, inorganic and organic nutrients contained in the organic fertilizer can directly provide crop nutrition, thereby being beneficial to the absorption and the quality improvement of crops and enhancing the activity of soil enzymes. The activity of microorganisms in soil is a fundamental source of soil enzyme formation and accumulation. The content of soil microorganisms is increased, the activities of soil peroxidase, invertase and the like are obviously improved, the decomposition of soil organic matters and the conversion of mineral nutrients are accelerated due to the enhancement of an enzymatic effect, so that the nutrient absorption of crop roots is facilitated, and the plant disease and insect pest resistance of plants can be enhanced by the bio-organic fertilizer.
The amino acid organic fertilizer is a novel organic high-efficiency green product which is produced by using plant protein containing hair, cottonseed meal and the like as raw materials and has no pollution, hormone and residue. The amino acid organic fertilizer is mainly suitable for basal application and topdressing on crops such as flowers, vegetables, fruit trees, tea leaves, tobacco and the like, can obviously improve the yield of the crops, improve the quality, reduce the residue of the crops and protect the ecological environment. Research shows that the quality of fruits can be improved by using the amino acid organic fertilizer, and the amino acid is a basic unit for forming protein, has small molecular weight and can be directly absorbed by crops; the organic fertilizer has the effects of repairing cell wounds and detoxifying, and meanwhile, the organic fertilizer is slow in nutrient supply, so that the accumulation of sugar and nutrient substances is facilitated; the fruit weight and the yield can be improved, the amino acid organic fertilizer is rich in nutrients, and can be uniformly and stably supplied to the growth and development of fruit trees, the photosynthesis is enhanced, and the requirement of high yield of the fruit trees on the nutrients can be met; the physical and chemical properties of the soil are improved, the amino acid organic fertilizer has rich organic nutrition, and organic matters and humic acid can improve the soil, promote the formation of granular structures and loosen the soil; less loss of organic nutrients, preservation in soil and improvement of soil fertility.
However, a large amount of the existing amino acid is derived from animal fertilizers or animal and plant mixed fertilizers, and is not easy to be absorbed and utilized by the roots and stems of crops or is not high in absorption and utilization rate. Meanwhile, when the amino acid is combined with the organic fertilizer or the trace element fertilizer or the macroelement fertilizer in production, high-temperature processing is carried out, and particularly, the existence of a high-temperature carrier is not considered when the amino acid is combined with the microbial fertilizer, so that a large amount of loss of the amino acid and the microbes occurs in the processing process, and the quality and the using effect of the fertilizer are seriously influenced. In addition, the existing amino acid microbial organic fertilizer has the advantages that the collocation of organic components, inorganic components and microbial strains is too high or too low on the product combination in the compound bacterial fertilizer, obvious randomness is shown, the quality difference of the same product is large, and the effect of the compound fertilizer is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an amino acid microorganism coated fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, aiming at improving the activity and efficacy of amino acid and microorganism of the fertilizer and promoting the quality stability of the fertilizer.
In order to achieve the above object, the method for preparing the amino acid microorganism coated fertilizer of the present invention comprises the following steps:
mixing and granulating the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 15-20 parts of borax, 45-50 parts of ammonium nitrate, 15-20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 30-40 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.2-1 part of humic acid and 0.7-3.5 parts of trace elements to prepare granules;
and coating 0.2-1 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.2-1 part of bacillus megatherium on the surface of the material particles.
On the basis of the preparation method of the amino acid microorganism coated fertilizer, the invention further provides an amino acid microorganism coated fertilizer product directly prepared by the steps of the method.
According to the fertilizer product prepared by the method, hydrolyzed feather powder rich in more free amino acids and soybean meal powder are used as a compound amino acid donor, and are granulated together with inorganic and organic components, and then the surfaces of the granules are coated with the compound microbial agent, so that the efficiency loss of the amino acids and microorganisms in the processing process is reduced; and the fertilizer contains multiple nutrition promoting ingredients such as the liquid amine, the riboflavin, the nicotinic acid, the choline and the like, and is matched with other nutrition ingredients, so that the fertilizer effect and the quality are more stably exerted.
Detailed Description
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a preparation method of an amino acid microorganism coated fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
s10, mixing and granulating the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 15-20 parts of borax, 45-50 parts of ammonium nitrate, 15-20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 30-40 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.2-1 part of humic acid and 0.7-3.5 parts of trace elements to prepare granules;
s20, coating the surface of the material particles with a coating agent, wherein the coating agent comprises 0.2-1 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.2-1 part of bacillus megatherium.
In the preparation method of the compound microbial fertilizer, the organic/inorganic components of the fertilizer are mixed to prepare fertilizer particles in step S10, and then the compound microbial agents of bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium are coated on the surfaces of the fertilizer particles in a coating agent mode in step S20 to form the amino acid microbial coated fertilizer.
In the step S10, the adopted fertilizer preparation raw materials are matched and combined together through a plurality of organic/inorganic components, and the hydrolyzed feather powder and the soybean meal powder are matched as amino acid donors; wherein,
the hydrolyzed feather meal contains 80 to 85 percent of crude protein, is higher than fish meal, contains high content of glycine and serine in amino acid types, and respectively reaches 6.3 percent and 9.3 percent; the contents of lysine, leucine and isoleucine are respectively about 7.23%, 6.78% and 4.21%, which are higher than those of other animal proteins.
The soybean meal contains about 43 percent of protein, 2.5 to 3.0 percent of lysine, 0.6 to 0.7 percent of tryptophan, 0.5 to 0.7 percent of methionine and 0.5 to 0.8 percent of cystine; and also contains a small amount of carotene (about 0.2-0.4 mg/Kg), 3-6 mg/Kg of each of the beta-carotene and the riboflavin, 15-30 mg/Kg of the nicotinic acid and 2200-2800 mg/Kg of the choline, and the components are good promoters for crop growth and fertilizer absorption. The amino acid is combined with the hydrolyzed feather meal and added into the compound fertilizer, the amino acid types complement each other, the amino acid raw materials can be well provided for the synthesis of crop growth protein, the synthesis path is effectively reduced, and the crop growth is promoted.
Meanwhile, on the basis of the organic raw materials, the added ammonium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate are matched to be used as a macroelement (N/P/K) donor for crop absorption so as to supplement other massive fertilizer elements of organic nutrient components and improve the total nutrient (N + P) in the fertilizer product2O5+K2O) content.
Humic acid in fertilizer components is animal and plant remains, mainly plant remains, and a class of organic substances which are caused and accumulated through a series of processes of microbial decomposition and transformation and geochemistry. The method can change the physical and chemical properties of overhigh salt content, over-strong alkalinity, high soil particle dispersion and poor soil structure in the soil, promote the formation of soil aggregates and enable the soil aggregates to be in a good state, thereby creating good conditions for the growth and development of plant roots; loosening plough layer soil, destroying salt accumulation, reducing surface soil salt content, separating salt, increasing emergence rate, reducing weak seedling and dead seedling, and promoting plant growth. Besides, the humic acid is a conditioner, can improve the content of quick-acting potassium in soil, reduce the loss and fixation of the potassium, increase the absorption and utilization rate of the potassium by crops, improve the soil, promote the growth of the crops and improve the stress resistance of the crops; moreover, humic acid can be combined with small molecular organic substances such as free amino acid in an amino acid donor to complex trace elements, so that the antagonism of the trace elements is eliminated, and the trace elements are more easily absorbed by crops.
Further, the trace elements generally added to the plant fertilizer are generally composed of several or more of iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and chlorine, and in the present invention, the combination of copper, iron, manganese and molybdenum is preferably used for the purpose of promoting photosynthesis of leaves and low-temperature anti-adversity metabolism of crops. Of course, the fertilizer can preferably comprise 0.2 to 1 part of copper, 0.2 to 1 part of iron, 0.2 to 1 part of manganese and 0.1 to 0.5 part of molybdenum, and other trace elements in addition to the elements in parts by weight, and the technical personnel can adjust the fertilizer according to the actual needs of the planted crops.
And after further fertilizer granulation is finished, step S20 is to further coat the selected 0.2-1 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.2-1 part of bacillus megaterium on the surface of the fertilizer particles through a coating agent. On one hand, the adhesive strength of the thalli on the surface of fertilizer particles can be increased, and the problems of strain loss, powder removal and mixed bacteria infection are greatly reduced; on the other hand, the liquid suspension auxiliary agent of the coating agent improves the film forming area and the coating rate of the microorganism bacteria, thereby prolonging the shelf life of the microorganism fertilizer. The coating agent adopted in the step S20 can be made of anti-hardening oil commonly used in fertilizer preparation, and the adopted oily substance belongs to an organic anhydrous auxiliary agent, so that high-concentration ions are not formed to kill microbial strains after water contacts the surface of the fertilizer in the microbial coating process, the fertilizer is not hardened due to the increase of the surface water content, the coating agent is simple in component, and the low-temperature setting property is good. In the implementation, the microorganism bacteria can be directly added into the coating agent, uniformly mixed and sprayed on the prepared fertilizer particles for one time to obtain a finished product; or the anti-hardening oil and the fertilizer components are mixed, granulated and coated by self, and the particles can be prevented from caking at the same time, and then the composite microbial inoculum is sprayed on the surfaces of the particles. Meanwhile, according to the raw material amount of the fertilizer, the addition amount of the anti-hardening oil is 0.2-0.3 part by weight.
Furthermore, the volume of the bacillus subtilis body used for coating is four times larger than that of the common pathogenic bacteria, and the bacillus subtilis body occupies space advantage compared with other bacteria, so that the bacillus subtilis body can inhibit the infectious microbe infection on one hand, and cannot be inhibited by other competitive bacteria in soil after being applied to the soil on the other hand; natural polyglutamic acid with excellent strength is generated in the growth process of the fertilizer, and the fertilizer is used as a protective film of soil and prevents soil organic matters and water from losing; and the enzyme can release high-activity decomposition enzyme while reproducing, so that the difficultly decomposed macromolecular substances in the soil can be decomposed into usable micromolecular substances. In addition, the matched bacillus megatherium can decompose organic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus in an adsorption state in soil, and can improve soil fertility and soil components. Of course, all the bacteria used in the step are bacillus with relatively high activity, and can be obtained directly by purchase, and the commercially available microbial inoculum powder of the bacillus generally contains 50-200 hundred million/g of bacteria. The invention preferably adopts the proportion for matching use, and the effect is best.
According to the preparation method of the amino acid microorganism coated fertilizer, hydrolyzed feather powder rich in more free amino acids and soybean meal powder are used as a compound amino acid donor in a matching manner, and are granulated together with other inorganic and organic components, and then the compound microorganism microbial agent is coated on the surfaces of granules through a coating agent, so that the effect loss of the existing amino acids and microorganisms in the processing process is reduced; in addition, the fertilizer contains nutrient promoting ingredients such as the liquid amine, the riboflavin, the nicotinic acid, the choline and the like, and is matched with other nutrient ingredients, so that the fertilizer effect and the quality are more stably exerted.
On the basis of the preparation method of the amino acid microorganism coated fertilizer, the invention further provides an amino acid microorganism coated fertilizer product directly prepared by the steps of the method. The fertilizer product prepared by the method contains abundant active amino acids and microbial bacteria, and the fertilizer also contains more nutrition promoting ingredients such as liquid amine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, choline and the like, and the fertilizer efficiency and the quality are more stably exerted by combining with other nutrition ingredients.
In order to make the details of the above-mentioned preparation method of the amino acid microorganism-coated fertilizer of the present invention more easily understood and implemented by those skilled in the art and to highlight the progressive effects of the amino acid microorganism-coated fertilizer prepared in the present application, the above-mentioned contents of the present application are exemplified below by specific examples.
Example 1
S11, because the hydrolyzed feather meal, humic acid and other components can be purchased directly, the soybean meal is firstly ground into powder by a grinder and then sieved by a 80-mesh sieve for standby;
s12, mixing 5 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 5 parts of soybean meal, 15 parts of borax, 45 parts of ammonium nitrate, 15 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 30 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.2 part of humic acid, 0.2 part of copper, 0.2 part of iron, 0.2 part of manganese, 0.1 part of molybdenum and 0.2 part of hardened oil, and conventionally granulating to obtain fertilizer granules;
s20, spraying and coating the fertilizer granules prepared in the step S12 with 0.2 part of bacillus megaterium and 0.2 part of bacillus subtilis.
Example 2
S10, mixing 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 10 parts of soybean meal, 20 parts of borax, 50 parts of ammonium nitrate, 20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 40 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.5 part of humic acid, 0.5 part of copper, 0.5 part of iron, 0.5 part of manganese, 0.5 part of molybdenum and 0.3 part of hardened oil, and conventionally granulating to obtain fertilizer granules;
s20, spraying and coating the fertilizer granules prepared in the step S10 with 0.5 part of bacillus megaterium and 0.5 part of bacillus subtilis.
Example 3
S10, mixing 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 10 parts of soybean meal, 20 parts of borax, 50 parts of ammonium nitrate, 20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 40 parts of potassium sulfate, 1 part of humic acid, 1 part of copper, 1 part of iron, 1 part of manganese, 0.5 part of molybdenum and 0.3 part of hardened oil, and conventionally granulating to obtain fertilizer granules;
s20, spraying and coating the fertilizer granules prepared in the step S10 with 0.5 part of bacillus megaterium and 0.5 part of bacillus subtilis.
After the fertilizer preparation of the above embodiment is completed, the quality of the prepared fertilizer product is firstly determined, and the detection result is as follows: the total nutrient content of the fertilizer is 20 percent, the organic matter content is 35 percent, and the number of effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 2000 ten thousand per gram. Further, the method is simple. Further using the prepared fertilizer for cucumber planting, wherein the planting process starts from incubation, cucumber seedlings are cultivated by using plug seedling, the seedling is stopped until three leaves and one heart are formed, and then the cucumber seedlings are naturally planted in a farmland; in the planting process, the fertilizer is prepared by adopting a conventional mode and using amount (50-60 kg per mu is adopted conventionally); meanwhile, conventional microbial compound fertilizers are used for comparison, picking is carried out after planting is finished, and results are counted and calculated.
From the comparison of the results, the soluble sugar content of the vegetables is improved by 20%, the yield of the vegetables is improved by 16%, the insect damage is reduced by 15%, and the root weight is increased by 10%.
From the above results, it can be seen that the amino acid microorganism coated fertilizer of the present invention contains various complex amino acids, inorganic salts, organic acids, various metabolism promoting components, and various trace elements required by plants, and can be abundantly supplied to crop growth as nutrient components, and the viability and metabolic capacity are relatively stable by coating the surface of the fertilizer with the microorganism bacteria; after being applied, the composite microbial fertilizer is more beneficial to promoting the growth and metabolism of crops, and has better quality compared with the common composite microbial fertilizer sold on the market.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of an amino acid microorganism coated fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing and granulating the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 15-20 parts of borax, 45-50 parts of ammonium nitrate, 15-20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 30-40 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.2-1 part of humic acid and 0.7-3.5 parts of trace elements to prepare granules;
and coating 0.2-1 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.2-1 part of bacillus megatherium on the surface of the material particles.
2. The method for preparing an amino acid microorganism coated fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of coating 0.2-1 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.2-1 part of bacillus megaterium on the surface of the granule, the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus megaterium are coated on the surface of the granule by a fertilizer coating agent.
3. The method for preparing an amino acid microorganism coated fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the coating agent is anti-hardening oil.
4. The method for preparing the amino acid microorganism coated fertilizer according to claim 3, wherein the hardening prevention oil is added in an amount of 0.2 to 0.3 parts by weight.
5. The method of producing an amino acid coated microbial fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the trace element includes at least one of copper, iron, manganese, and molybdenum.
6. The method for producing an amino acid coated microbial fertilizer according to claim 5, wherein the trace elements include 0.2 to 1 part of copper, 0.2 to 1 part of iron, 0.2 to 1 part of manganese, and 0.1 to 0.5 part of molybdenum.
7. An amino acid microorganism-coated fertilizer produced by the method for producing an amino acid microorganism-coated fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN109704884A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2019-05-03 | 王刚 | Long-acting organic mineralization activity foliar fertilizer of one kind and preparation method thereof |
| CN112955419A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2021-06-11 | Oms投资公司 | Nutrient source for plant growth medium |
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| CN101298397A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-11-05 | 西南大学 | Special fertilizer for Chinese green prickly ash peel slow releasing and manufacturing method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20171219 |