CN107487838B - Method and device for realizing efficient phosphorus removal of low-temperature sewage by domesticating special sludge structure through SBR (sequencing batch reactor) - Google Patents
Method and device for realizing efficient phosphorus removal of low-temperature sewage by domesticating special sludge structure through SBR (sequencing batch reactor) Download PDFInfo
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- CN107487838B CN107487838B CN201710715996.8A CN201710715996A CN107487838B CN 107487838 B CN107487838 B CN 107487838B CN 201710715996 A CN201710715996 A CN 201710715996A CN 107487838 B CN107487838 B CN 107487838B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for realizing low-temperature sewage efficient phosphorus removal by SBR domesticating a special sludge structure, wherein the method adopts the traditional anaerobic-aerobic environment to domesticate a large amount of phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs alternately, when the aerobic effluent phosphorus removal rate of a system is more than 90 percent and the system runs stably, the effect of the stage is considered to be good, and the phosphorus accumulating bacteria exist in a large amount in a reactor; and then, adjusting the duration of the anaerobic environment, and controlling the duration within 1.0-1.5 mg/L by monitoring the DO value of the critical aerobic environment, which is greatly helpful for reducing the running cost of the sewage plant. Acclimating sludge with special morphological structure to make its interior and exterior in different environments to reach NO of water body3 ‑‑N、NO2 ‑-N and PO4 3‑And the P is synchronously removed, so that the subsequent treatment process for the sewage is reduced, and the treatment cost is further reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for realizing efficient phosphorus removal of low-temperature sewage by domesticating a special sludge structure by SBR, belonging to the technical field of biological sewage treatment. SBR means a sequencing batch activated sludge process.
Background
The removal of phosphorus in the urban sewage has great significance for the influence of eutrophication on surface water bodies after the water bodies are discharged. The phosphorus removal in the sewage treatment at present mainly adopts the traditional A/A/O technology or SBR technology, the principle of the technology is that proper environment is provided for the phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs (phosphorus accumulating microorganisms) to normally release phosphorus and excessively absorb phosphorus by controlling the environment of a reactor, namely controlling the alternation of anaerobic environment and aerobic environment, and then the purpose of removing the phosphorus in the water body is achieved by discharging sludge in the aerobic final stage.
The winter sewage has the characteristics of large water quality fluctuation and low temperature, and the temperature has great influence on the growth, the propagation and the metabolism of microorganisms, so the temperature becomes an important influence factor for treating the sewage by a biological method, and great pressure is caused on the normal operation of a sewage treatment plant under the low-temperature condition. Because the phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs (phosphorus accumulating microorganisms) can not completely release phosphorus in the body under the anaerobic environment at low temperature (8-14 ℃), and further the excessive phosphorus can not be absorbed in the aerobic stage, at the same time, the reactor is internally provided with aerobic NH4 +Nitration of N with a considerable amount of NO inside the reactor3 --N or NO2 -N, which provides a favorable environment for the competition of nitrifying denitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulating bacteria inside the reactor, and therefore, the failure of the whole reactor to remove phosphorus is more easily caused in a low-temperature environment where PAOs does not dominate.
In addition to temperature, the control of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) plays a crucial role in the alternation and control of anaerobic-aerobic environment, and the anaerobic condition of the anaerobic zone (i.e. phosphorus release zone) in the biological phosphorus removal process is very important, which directly affects the phosphorus release capacity of phosphorus-accumulating bacteria in the zone, the PHB synthesis capacity and the excess phosphorus uptake capacity of the aerobic zone. The data report that the dissolved oxygen in the anaerobic zone should be controlled below 0.2mg/L, and the dissolved oxygen in the aerobic zone should be controlled between 1.5mg/L and 2.5 mg/L.
The bottleneck for realizing the low-temperature sewage dephosphorization is that NO with certain concentration3 --N or NO2 -In the presence of-N, the competition of nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs, and excessive aeration in the aerobic stage of the reactor not only have high cost, but also cause the problems of loosening and aging of sludge. If the amount of NO produced inside the reactor can be reduced3 --N or NO2 -And the concentration of N is controlled to be optimal, so that the efficient phosphorus removal of the sewage under the low-temperature condition is expected to be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the low-temperature sewage is difficult to efficiently and completely remove phosphorus, provides an optimal PAOs (phosphate activated sludge System) suitable condition based on lowering competition, provides an SBR (sequencing batch reactor) running mode, constructs a critical aerobic state to replace the traditional aerobic environment, acclimates sludge with a special structure and realizes efficient phosphorus removal of the low-temperature sewage. The method comprises the steps of firstly, domesticating a large amount of phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs alternately in a traditional anaerobic-aerobic environment, and regarding the phase as good in effect when the phosphorus removal rate of aerobic effluent of a system is more than 90% and the system runs stably, wherein the phosphorus accumulating bacteria exist in a large amount in an SBR reactor; then, adjusting the duration of the anaerobic environment, monitoring the DO value of the critical aerobic environment, controlling the DO value within 1.0-1.5 mg/L, and buildingEstablishing a critical aerobic environment, meanwhile, converting the sludge from a traditional morphological structure into a critical aerobic environment with the outside, holes built by filamentous bacteria on the inside and the outside, an anoxic environment on the inside, and NO generated by nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacteria in the water body3 --N and NO2 -N can be utilized by denitrifying bacteria in this environment, NO3 --N and NO2 -N cannot be accumulated in the SBR, so that competition of nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria for phosphorus-accumulating bacteria PAOs is eliminated, and the low-temperature condition PAOs domesticated in the previous stage can be well adapted to the environment, so that the microorganism species with the largest content in the system gradually become along with operation of the SBR, efficient phosphorus removal of sewage under the low-temperature condition is realized, and the abundance result of each species in the SBR can be reflected by the subsequent macro-genome sequencing result. The operation mode solves the problem that the low-temperature sewage is difficult to efficiently remove phosphorus, and further reduces the energy consumption and the operation cost of sewage plants.
The invention relates to a device for realizing low-temperature sewage efficient phosphorus removal by SBR (sequencing batch reactor) domesticating a special sludge structure, which comprises a municipal sewage inlet tank, an SBR (sequencing batch reactor), a treated water outlet tank, a water inlet pump, an air pump, an aeration device, a liquid flow meter, a gas flow meter, a stirring device controller, a dissolved oxygen and temperature detector and an industrial personal computer, wherein the municipal sewage inlet tank is communicated with the SBR through the water inlet pump, the liquid flow meter is arranged on a pipeline between the municipal sewage inlet tank and the water inlet pump, the treated water outlet tank is communicated with the SBR, the stirring device, the dissolved oxygen and temperature detector are positioned in the SBR, the stirring device is controlled by the stirring device controller, the aeration device is arranged at the bottom in the SBR, the aeration device is communicated with the air pump, the gas flow meter is arranged on a pipeline between the aeration device and the air pump, the, The stirring device controller, the dissolved oxygen and temperature detector, the air pump and the gas flowmeter are all connected with the industrial personal computer, and the industrial personal computer controls the liquid flowmeter, the water inlet pump, the stirring device controller, the dissolved oxygen and temperature detector, the air pump and the gas flowmeter to work.
Controlling DO value of critical aerobic stage by real-time monitoring result of dissolved oxygen and temperature detector to consume NO3 --N or NO2 -And N, the competition of other microorganisms for the phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs is relieved, and the efficient phosphorus removal of the reactor is realized.
The sewage used in the experimental period is domestic sewage, and the water quality conditions are as follows: the concentration of TP is 8mg/L-12 mg/L; NO3 --N concentration is 1.0mg/L-1.2 mg/L; NO2 -Concentration of-N<0.5 mg/L; the COD concentration is 150mg/L-300 mg/L. The SBR reactor is made of stainless steel, the total volume of the SBR reactor is 20L, and the effective volume of the SBR reactor is 16L.
Adjusting the pH value of inlet water to 7.0-7.5 every period, and then, not adjusting the pH value of the sewage; and in the whole operation period, irregular sludge discharge is carried out according to the sludge amount in the SBR reactor.
The device for realizing the efficient phosphorus removal of the low-temperature sewage by the SBR domestication of the special sludge structure is operated as follows in the concrete operation:
1) a starting stage: inoculating sludge which runs well in an aerobic tank of a municipal sewage treatment plant, and adding the sludge into the SBR reactor to ensure that the sludge concentration MLSS is stabilized at 1200mg/L-2000mg/L at the later stage;
2) and (3) an operation stage:
2.1) a stage of enriching the phosphorus-accumulating bacteria: the whole SBR reactor is provided with two environments of anaerobic environment and aerobic environment, the running time ratio of the two environments is 3:5, wherein the anaerobic environment adopts a stirring device to realize the full contact and mixing of mud and water and ensure that DO is less than 0.5mg/L, the aerobic environment adopts a bottom aeration device to provide oxygen required by microorganisms in the SBR reactor, and the DO is between 2.0mg/L and 2.5 mg/L; after the operation is carried out for 43 days, the removal rate of the aerobic effluent phosphorus is stably more than 90%, and the enrichment of the phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs in the SBR reactor is considered to be successful, so that the phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs are in an advantageous position in the whole environment, and the next operation can be carried out.
2.2) formal operation stage: the whole SBR reactor is provided with two environments of anaerobic and critical aerobic, and the running time length ratio of the two environments is gradually changed from 1:1, 2:1 to 4:1 along with the running so as to obtain the optimized running mode and the lowest energy consumption and running cost. WhereinThe anaerobic environment still adopts the stirring device to realize the full contact and mixing of the muddy water and ensure DO<0.5mg/L, and controlling the bottom aeration flow according to the monitoring result of a dissolved oxygen detector in the SBR reactor to ensure that the DO of the critical aerobic environment is between 1.0mg/L and 1.5 mg/L; the optimal operation mode is obtained by continuously changing the operation time under two environments, and meanwhile, the scanning electron microscope result proves that the sludge has a special morphological structure at the moment and proves NO under a critical aerobic state3 --N and NO2 -The guess that N is not accumulated in a large amount is carried out, the stage is operated for 74 days, the removal rate of the phosphorus in the later critical aerobic effluent can be approximately regarded as 100%, and the effluent of the SBR reactor is free of NO3 --N and NO2 --a large accumulation of N.
The experimental results show that: after the device of the invention operates stably in the operation mode, the concentration of P in the effluent is lower than the detection limit, and NO is3 -N concentration of 2.0mg/L to 2.5mg/L, NO2 -The concentration of N is 1.0mg/L to 1.5mg/L, and the concentration of COD is 90mg/L to 110 mg/L.
Compared with the prior biological phosphorus removal process, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. can realize efficient dephosphorization in low-temperature environment, and the sludge concentration MLSS in the reactor is lower than that required by the traditional aeration tank.
2. The critical aerobic state is constructed, the requirement of the environment on the aeration quantity is far lower than that of the aerobic environment in the traditional process, and the DO is controlled to be 1.0-1.5 mg/L, which is greatly helpful for reducing the operation cost of a sewage plant.
3. Acclimating sludge with special morphological structure to make its interior and exterior in different environments to reach NO of water body3 --N、NO2 --N and PO4 3-And the P is synchronously removed, so that the subsequent treatment process for the sewage is reduced, and the treatment cost is further reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for realizing efficient phosphorus removal of low-temperature sewage by using a SBR domesticated special sludge structure.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a method for realizing low-temperature sewage efficient phosphorus removal by domesticating a special sludge structure by SBR (sequencing batch reactor), which is characterized in that a large amount of phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs are domesticated alternately in a traditional anaerobic-aerobic environment, and when the removal rate of phosphorus in aerobic effluent of a system is more than 90% and the system runs stably, the effect is considered to be good in the stage, and the phosphorus accumulating bacteria exist in a reactor in a large amount; afterwards, the duration of the anaerobic environment is adjusted, the DO value of the critical aerobic environment is monitored through a dissolved oxygen concentration sensor in the reactor, the DO value is controlled within 1.0-1.5 mg/L, the critical aerobic environment is built, meanwhile, the sludge is changed from the traditional morphological structure into the critical aerobic environment outside, holes built by filamentous bacteria are arranged inside and outside, the oxygen-poor environment is arranged inside, and NO generated by denitrifying bacteria due to nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria in the water body3 --N and NO2 -N can be utilized by denitrifying bacteria in this environment, NO3 --N and NO2 -N cannot be accumulated in the reactor, so that competition of nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria for phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs is eliminated, and the low-temperature condition PAOs domesticated in the previous stage can be well adapted to the environment, so that the microorganism species with the largest content in the system gradually become along with operation of the reactor, efficient phosphorus removal of sewage under the low-temperature condition is realized, and the abundance result of each species in the reactor can be reflected by the subsequent macro-genome sequencing result. The operation mode solves the problem that the low-temperature sewage is difficult to efficiently remove phosphorus, and further reduces the energy consumption and the operation cost of sewage plants.
As shown in figure 1, the device for realizing the efficient phosphorus removal of low-temperature sewage by the SBR domesticated special sludge structure comprises a municipal sewage inlet tank 1, a SBR reactor 2, a treated water outlet tank 3, a water inlet pump 4, an air pump 5, an aeration device 6, a liquid flow meter 7, a gas flow meter 8, a stirring device 9, a stirring device controller 10, a dissolved oxygen and temperature detector 11 and an industrial personal computer 12, wherein the municipal sewage inlet tank 1 is communicated with the SBR reactor 2 through the water inlet pump 4, the liquid flow meter 7 is arranged on a pipeline between the municipal sewage inlet tank 1 and the water inlet pump 4, the treated water outlet tank 3 is communicated with the SBR reactor 2, the stirring device 9 and the dissolved oxygen and temperature detector 11 are positioned in the SBR reactor 2, the stirring device 9 is controlled by the stirring device controller 10, the aeration device 6 is arranged at the bottom in the SBR reactor 2, the aeration device 6 is communicated with the air pump 5, install gas flowmeter 8 on the pipeline between aeration equipment 6 and the air pump 5, fluidflowmeter 7, intake pump 4, agitating unit controller 10, dissolved oxygen and thermodetector 11, air pump 5 and gas flowmeter 8 all are connected with industrial computer 12, and industrial computer 12 control fluidflowmeter 7, intake pump 4, agitating unit controller 10, dissolved oxygen and thermodetector 11, air pump 5 and gas flowmeter 8 work.
The DO value of the critical aerobic stage is controlled by the real-time monitoring result of the dissolved oxygen and temperature detector 11 so as to consume NO3 --N or NO2 -And N, the competition of other microorganisms for the phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs is relieved, and the efficient phosphorus removal of the reactor is realized.
The sewage used in the experimental period is domestic sewage, and the water quality conditions are as follows: the concentration of TP is 8mg/L-12 mg/L; NO3 --N concentration is 1.0mg/L-1.2 mg/L; NO2 -Concentration of-N<0.5 mg/L; the COD concentration is 150mg/L-300 mg/L. As shown in FIG. 1, SBR reactor 2 is made of stainless steel, and SBR reactor 2 has a total volume of 20L and an effective volume of 16L.
Adjusting the pH value of inlet water to 7.0-7.5 every period, and then, not adjusting the pH value of the sewage; during the whole operation period, unscheduled sludge discharge is performed according to the amount of sludge inside the SBR reactor 2.
The device for realizing the efficient phosphorus removal of the low-temperature sewage by the SBR domestication of the special sludge structure is operated as follows in the concrete operation:
1) a starting stage: inoculating sludge which runs well in an aerobic tank of the urban sewage treatment plant, and adding the sludge into the SBR reactor 2, so that the sludge concentration MLSS is stabilized at 1200mg/L-2000mg/L at the later stage;
2) and (3) an operation stage:
2.1) a stage of enriching the phosphorus-accumulating bacteria: the whole SBR reactor 2 is provided with two environments of anaerobic environment and aerobic environment, the running time length ratio of the two environments is 3:5, wherein the anaerobic environment adopts a stirring device 9 to realize the full contact and mixing of mud and water and ensure that DO is less than 0.5mg/L, the aerobic environment adopts a bottom aeration device 6 to provide oxygen required by microorganisms in the SBR reactor 2, and the DO is between 2.0mg/L and 2.5 mg/L; after the operation for 43 days, the removal rate of the aerobic effluent phosphorus is stably more than 90%, and the enrichment of the phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs in the SBR reactor 2 is considered to be successful, so that the phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs are in an advantageous position in the whole environment, and the next operation can be carried out.
2.2) formal operation stage: the whole SBR reactor 2 is provided with two environments of anaerobic and critical aerobic, and the running time length ratio of the two environments is gradually changed from 1:1, 2:1 to 4:1 along with the running so as to obtain the optimized running mode and the lowest energy consumption and running cost. Wherein the anaerobic environment still adopts the stirring device 9 to realize the full contact and mixing of the muddy water and ensure DO<0.5mg/L, and according to the monitoring result of a dissolved oxygen detector in the SBR reactor 2, controlling the bottom aeration flow rate to ensure that the DO of the critical aerobic environment is between 1.0mg/L and 1.5 mg/L; the optimal operation mode is obtained by continuously changing the operation time under two environments, and meanwhile, the scanning electron microscope result proves that the sludge has a special morphological structure at the moment and proves NO under a critical aerobic state3 --N and NO2 -The guess that N is not accumulated in a large amount is carried out, the stage is operated for 74 days, the removal rate of the phosphorus in the later critical aerobic effluent can be approximately regarded as 100%, and the effluent of the SBR reactor 2 has NO NO3 --N and NO2 --a large accumulation of N.
The experimental results show that: after the device of the invention operates stably in the operation mode, the concentration of P in the effluent is lower than the detection limit, and NO is3 -N concentration of 2.0mg/L to 2.5mg/L, NO2 -The concentration of N is 1.0mg/L to 1.5mg/L, and the concentration of COD is 90mg/L to 110 mg/L.
Claims (1)
1. A method for realizing efficient phosphorus removal of low-temperature sewage by domesticating a special sludge structure by SBR is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, a large amount of phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs are domesticated alternately in the traditional anaerobic-aerobic environment, when the phosphorus removal rate of the aerobic effluent of the system is more than 90 percent and the system stably operates, the effect is considered to be good in the stage, and the phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs are inThe inside of the SBR reactor is abundantly present; then, adjusting the duration of the anaerobic environment, monitoring the DO value of the critical aerobic environment, controlling the DO value within 1.0-1.5 mg/L, establishing the critical aerobic environment, simultaneously, converting the sludge from the traditional morphological structure into the critical aerobic environment at the outside, holes built by filamentous bacteria at the inside and outside and an anoxic environment at the inside, and generating NO by nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria in the water body3 --N and NO2 -N can be utilized by denitrifying bacteria in this environment, NO3 --N and NO2 -N cannot be accumulated in the SBR reactor, so that the competition of nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria for phosphorus-accumulating bacteria PAOs is eliminated, and the low-temperature condition PAOs domesticated in the previous stage can be well adapted to the environment, so that the low-temperature condition PAOs gradually become the microbial species with the maximum content in the system along with the operation of the SBR reactor, and the efficient phosphorus removal of sewage under the low-temperature condition is realized;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) a starting stage: inoculating sludge which runs well in an aerobic tank of a municipal sewage treatment plant, and adding the sludge into the SBR reactor to ensure that the sludge concentration MLSS is stabilized at 1200mg/L-2000mg/L at the later stage;
2) and (3) an operation stage:
2.1) a stage of enriching the phosphorus-accumulating bacteria: the whole SBR reactor is provided with two environments of anaerobic environment and aerobic environment, the running time ratio of the two environments is 3:5, wherein the anaerobic environment adopts a stirring device to realize the full contact and mixing of mud and water and ensure that DO is less than 0.5mg/L, the aerobic environment adopts a bottom aeration device to provide oxygen required by microorganisms in the SBR reactor, and the DO is between 2.0mg/L and 2.5 mg/L; after the operation is carried out for 43 days, the removal rate of the aerobic effluent phosphorus is stably more than 90%, and the phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs in the SBR reactor are considered to be successfully enriched, so that the phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs are in an advantageous position in the whole environment, and the next operation is carried out;
2.2) formal operation stage: the whole SBR reactor is provided with two environments of anaerobic and critical aerobic, and the running time length ratio of the two environments is gradually changed from 1:1, 2:1 to 4:1 along with the running so as to obtain the optimized running mode and the lowest energy consumption and running cost; wherein, the anaerobic environment still adopts a stirring device to realize the full contact and mixing of the muddy water, and ensures that DO is less than 0.5mg/L, the aeration flow at the bottom is controlled according to the monitoring result of a dissolved oxygen detector in the SBR reactor, the DO of the critical aerobic environment is ensured to be between 1.0mg/L and 1.5mg/L, and the stage is operated for 74 days.
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| CN108609728A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-10-02 | 郭玉玲 | A kind of system and control method using dissolved oxygen modified sewage sludge filamentary discharges |
| CN109231479B (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2022-04-01 | 江苏孚璋生物技术有限公司 | Control method for stable operation of all-biological phosphorus removal AOO process under low-temperature and ultralow-temperature working conditions and working conditions from low temperature to normal temperature |
| CN109231478B (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2022-04-01 | 江苏孚璋生物技术有限公司 | Starting method of all-biological phosphorus removal AOO process |
| CN109231477B (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2021-11-26 | 江苏孚璋生物技术有限公司 | Control method for stable operation of all-biological phosphorus removal AOO process under normal temperature working condition and normal-temperature to low-temperature working condition |
| CN111302488A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-06-19 | 江苏孚璋生物技术有限公司 | Starting method of continuous flow automatic domestic sewage treatment equipment |
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