CN107482614B - Suitable for the voltage-controlled hybrid energy-storing control method of off-network type direct-current grid - Google Patents
Suitable for the voltage-controlled hybrid energy-storing control method of off-network type direct-current grid Download PDFInfo
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- CN107482614B CN107482614B CN201710705294.1A CN201710705294A CN107482614B CN 107482614 B CN107482614 B CN 107482614B CN 201710705294 A CN201710705294 A CN 201710705294A CN 107482614 B CN107482614 B CN 107482614B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses one kind to be suitable for the voltage-controlled hybrid energy-storing control method of off-network type direct-current grid.The mixed energy storage system is made of super capacitor, battery and respective bidirectional DC-DC converter.In the control method: super capacitor energy-storage system uses the sagging control of voltage-power, and direct-current grid busbar voltage is maintained to stablize；Energy-storage system of accumulator changes according to DC bus-bar voltage, carries out real-time estimation and adjustment to the residual capacity of super capacitor, compensates indirectly to the non-transient power swing in system.Beneficial effects of the present invention: having played the performance advantage of each energy storage device in mixed energy storage system, improves the sustainable regulating power of super capacitor, the smooth electric current of battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind to be suitable for the voltage-controlled hybrid energy-storing control method of off-network type direct-current grid, belongs to storage
It can control and applied technical field.
Background technique
The it is proposed of micro-capacitance sensor provides platform for the distributed access of high proportion renewable energy.With wind-power electricity generation, light
The permeability of volt power generation distributed power supply is continuously improved, and the operation stability of micro-capacitance sensor receives stern challenge.To understand
The certainly randomness of power supply and load, fluctuation and uncertainty in micro-capacitance sensor improve the stability of micro-capacitance sensor operation, it usually needs
Increase energy storage device in systems.Due to the limitation of energy-storage property, current single energy-accumulating medium still can not meet simultaneously system and exist
Demand of both energy and power, therefore mixed energy storage system becomes the emphasis of current research and application.
In the existing research achievement for hybrid energy-storing, mixed energy storage system mainly uses power instruction control model,
It is obtained therein using the imbalance power in system as the regulating command of hybrid energy-storing by using different filtering algorithms
High fdrequency component and low frequency component, the control respectively as power-type energy-storage units and energy type energy-storage units in hybrid energy-storing refer to
It enables.However, when micro-capacitance sensor off-grid operation, it usually needs directly participate in the adjusting of system voltage and frequency by energy-storage system, tie up
Hold the stabilization of system operation.So power instruction control model will be no longer applicable in.
Therefore, for the off-network type micro-capacitance sensor accessed containing distributed generation resource, the control method of mixed energy storage system is studied, it is right
In the operation stability of the system of raising, the energy management of optimization system has important practical significance.
Summary of the invention
Purpose: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of suitable for off-network type DC micro-electric
Net voltage-controlled hybrid energy-storing control method.
Technical solution: in order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
One kind being suitable for the voltage-controlled hybrid energy-storing control method of off-network type direct-current grid, includes the following steps:
Step 1: the control of super capacitor energy-storage system；
Step 2: the control of energy-storage system of accumulator.
The step 1 includes:
1a: according to micro-capacitance direct current bus voltage reference value Uref, super capacitor output power real value PSCIt is sagging with voltage
Super capacitor energy-storage system voltage control instruction value U is calculated in control coefrficient A0；
1b: by voltage control instructions value U0With the sampled value U of micro-capacitance direct current bus virtual voltagedcSubtract each other, to the two
Difference carries out PI adjusting, obtains the reference value of inner ring current control；As micro-capacitance direct current bus voltage UdcLower than instruction value U0When,
The reference value of obtained inner ring current control is positive value, and super capacitor works in discharge condition, is lacked in micro-capacitance direct current bus
Few power compensates；When detecting DC bus-bar voltage UdcHigher than instruction value U0When, the ginseng of obtained inner ring current control
Examining value is negative value, and super capacitor works in charged state, absorbs to power extra on DC bus；
1c: the reference value of inner ring current control and the average value of super capacitor current sampling data are subtracted each other, to the difference of the two
Value carries out PI adjusting, the control instruction of bidirectional DC-DC converter in super capacitor energy-storage system is obtained, to corresponding power device
It is controlled.
Preferably, the grade capacitor energy storage system voltage control instructions value U0The expression formula of calculating process are as follows:
U0=Uref-APsc。
The step 2 includes:
2a: according to the sagging control coefrficient A of voltage in super capacitor energy storage control system, the practical electricity of micro-capacitance direct current bus
The sampled value U of pressuredcWith micro-capacitance direct current bus voltage rating Uref, the estimation of super capacitor residual capacity variation is calculated
Value
2b: being reference value with 0,For actual value, PI adjusting is carried out to the difference of the two, obtains the ginseng of battery current
Examine value；WhenWhen, obtained current reference value is positive value, and the energy of super capacitor cumulative release is greater than its accumulation and inhales at this time
The energy of receipts, battery discharge, and will be adjusted to initial value in the residual capacity of super capacitor；WhenWhen, obtained electricity
Stream reference value is negative value, and the energy of super capacitor cumulative release is less than the energy of its Heavy metal at this time, by controlling battery
Charging, the residual capacity of super capacitor is adjusted downward to initial value；
2c: in order to avoid the mutation of battery charge/discharge current, the cycle life of battery is influenced, slope limiting element is utilized
The change rate of the reference value of battery current is limited, prevents the curent change of battery in actual motion too fast；
2d: will be through treated the reference value of battery current and being averaged for battery current sampled value of slope limiting element
Value is subtracted each other, and is carried out PI adjusting to the difference of the two, the control instruction of bidirectional DC-DC converter in battery system is obtained, to phase
The power device answered is controlled.
Preferably, the estimated value of the super capacitor residual capacity variationThe expression formula of calculating process are as follows:
The utility model has the advantages that provided by the invention be suitable for the voltage-controlled hybrid energy-storing controlling party of off-network type direct-current grid
Method controls direct-current grid busbar voltage using super capacitor, ensure that mixed energy storage system to DC bus-bar voltage
The quick response and compensation ability of fluctuation；It is adjusted using capacity of the battery to super capacitor, improves super capacitor
Sustainable regulating power, while the charge/discharge current for realizing battery is smooth, is conducive to extend battery cycle life.This
Outside, mixed energy storage system control method of the invention is based on local information of voltage, and principle is simple, is easily achieved, and has wide
Application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram of off-network type direct-current grid and mixed energy storage system of the invention.
Fig. 2 is of the invention suitable for the voltage-controlled hybrid energy-storing control method block diagram of off-network type direct-current grid.
Fig. 3 is the of the invention voltage-controlled hybrid energy-storing control method of off-network type direct-current grid that is suitable in load-side
Simulation waveform when power fluctuates.
Fig. 4 is the of the invention voltage-controlled hybrid energy-storing control method of off-network type direct-current grid that is suitable in source side
Simulation waveform when power fluctuates.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is using a simplified off-network type direct-current grid as research object, the micro-capacitance sensor mainly by
The part such as photovoltaic array, Uniderectional DC-DC converter, battery, super capacitor, bidirectional DC-DC converter, load forms.Wherein,
Photovoltaic array accesses DC bus through Uniderectional DC-DC converter, and under normal circumstances, Uniderectional DC-DC converter uses maximum power
Export control model；Battery and super capacitor pass through respective bidirectional DC-DC converter access DC bus respectively.
In solar energy abundance in the daytime, the electric energy for utilizing " photogenic voltage " effect to generate becomes photovoltaic array through Uniderectional DC-DC
Parallel operation, to the load supplying on system dc bus, while extra electric energy is used for the mixed energy storage system on DC bus
Charging；When night solar energy deficiency, photovoltaic array is out of service, is continued at this time by mixed energy storage system to negative on DC bus
Carry power supply.
Mixed energy storage system is made of super capacitor energy-storage system and energy-storage system of accumulator, super capacitor and battery point
Not Tong Guo respective bidirectional DC-DC converter be connected with DC bus, and by respective bidirectional DC-DC converter realization fill/
Discharge process control.Since super capacitor has the characteristics that power density is high, has extended cycle life, in order to improve to direct current mother
The response of line voltage fluctuation and regulating power are responsible for by super capacitor energy-storage system to DC micro-electric in mixed energy storage system
The busbar voltage of net is controlled；Since battery has the characteristics that energy density is high, cycle life is short, in hybrid energy-storing
Energy-storage system of accumulator is responsible for carrying out dynamic adjustment to the capacity of super capacitor in system, and super capacitor is avoided to occur overshooting or mistake
It puts, guarantees super capacitor to the lasting regulating power of DC bus-bar voltage.In the process that the capacity to super capacitor is adjusted
In, battery assumes responsibility for the adjusting to non-transient fluctuating power in system indirectly, and charge/discharge current has also obtained smoothly.
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of be suitable for the voltage-controlled hybrid energy-storing control method of off-network type direct-current grid, including such as
Lower step:
Step 1: the control of super capacitor energy-storage system；
1a: according to micro-capacitance direct current bus voltage reference value Uref, super capacitor output power real value PSCIt is sagging with voltage
Super capacitor energy-storage system voltage control instruction value U is calculated in control coefrficient A0, the expression formula of calculating process are as follows:
U0=Uref-APsc
1b: by voltage control instructions value U0With the sampled value U of micro-capacitance direct current bus virtual voltagedcSubtract each other, to the two
Difference carries out PI adjusting, obtains the reference value of inner ring current control；As micro-capacitance direct current bus voltage UdcLower than instruction value U0When,
The reference value of obtained inner ring current control is positive value, and super capacitor works in discharge condition, is lacked in micro-capacitance direct current bus
Few power compensates；When detecting DC bus-bar voltage UdcHigher than instruction value U0When, the ginseng of obtained inner ring current control
Examining value is negative value, and super capacitor works in charged state, absorbs to power extra on DC bus.Actual moving process
In, super capacitor energy-storage system needs to control super capacitor and constantly switches between charging and discharging state, to DC bus electricity
Pressure fluctuation carries out dynamic compensation.
1c: the reference value of inner ring current control and the average value of super capacitor current sampling data are subtracted each other, to the difference of the two
Value carries out PI adjusting, the control instruction of bidirectional DC-DC converter in super capacitor energy-storage system is obtained, to corresponding power device
It is controlled.
Since super capacitor energy-storage system uses the sagging control of micro-capacitance direct current bus voltage, in limit
Under, the charge/discharge power and micro-capacitance direct current bus voltage U of super capacitordcWith corresponding relationship.So in batteries to store energy control
It, can be according to U in system processeddcValue the charge/discharge power of super capacitor is estimated.
Step 2: the control of energy-storage system of accumulator；
2a: according to the sagging control coefrficient A of voltage in super capacitor energy storage control system, the practical electricity of micro-capacitance direct current bus
The sampled value U of pressuredcWith micro-capacitance direct current bus voltage rating Uref, the estimation of super capacitor residual capacity variation is calculated
ValueThe expression formula of calculating process are as follows:
2b: being reference value with 0,For actual value, PI adjusting is carried out to the difference of the two, obtains the ginseng of battery current
Examine value.WhenWhen, obtained current reference value is positive value, and the energy of super capacitor cumulative release is greater than its accumulation and inhales at this time
The energy of receipts, battery discharge, and will be adjusted to initial value in the residual capacity of super capacitor；WhenWhen, obtained electricity
Stream reference value is negative value, and the energy of super capacitor cumulative release is less than the energy of its Heavy metal at this time, by controlling battery
Charging, the residual capacity of super capacitor is adjusted downward to initial value.
2c: in order to avoid the mutation of battery charge/discharge current, the cycle life of battery is influenced, slope limiting element is utilized
The change rate of the reference value of battery current is limited, prevents the curent change of battery in actual motion too fast.
2d: will be through treated the reference value of battery current and being averaged for battery current sampled value of slope limiting element
Value is subtracted each other, and is carried out PI adjusting to the difference of the two, the control instruction of bidirectional DC-DC converter in battery system is obtained, to phase
The power device answered is controlled.
The method of the embodiment of the present invention has carried out simulating, verifying using MATLAB/Simulink, and simulation parameter is as follows: direct current
The rated value of micro-capacitance sensor median generatrix voltage is 200V, and the maximum power output of photovoltaic generating system is 6kW, and DC-DC becomes in system
The switching frequency of parallel operation is 10kHz.
Fig. 3 is that photovoltaic power generation system output power is constant, simulation result diagram when load-side power mutates.Emulate item
Part are as follows: the initial value of load is 7kW；When t=2s, load becomes 3.8kW；When t=4s, load becomes 7kW.Fig. 3 (a) is direct current
Busbar voltage UdcWaveform, Fig. 3 (b) super capacitor current waveform, Fig. 3 (c) be super-capacitor voltage waveform, Fig. 3 (d) be electric power storage
Pond current waveform.
As shown in Fig. 3 (a), during load-side power fluctuates, pass through the tune of super capacitor energy-storage system
Section, DC bus-bar voltage fluctuate to have obtained good inhibition.As shown in Fig. 3 (b), (c) and (d), the instantaneity of the fluctuation of load
Component is mainly quickly compensated by super capacitor, and the power component of non-transient is mainly compensated by battery, super electricity
Hold and battery has played respective performance advantage well, the residual capacity of super capacitor has obtained good adjustment, electric power storage
The charge/discharge current in pond has also obtained smooth well.
Fig. 4 is that bearing power is constant, simulation result diagram when photovoltaic power generation system output power mutates.Simulated conditions
Are as follows: the value of load is 5kW, and the initial value of photovoltaic generating system is 6kW；When t=2s, the output power of photovoltaic generating system becomes
3kW；When t=4s, the output power of photovoltaic generating system becomes 6kW.Fig. 4 (a) is DC bus-bar voltage UdcWaveform, Fig. 4 (b)
Super capacitor current waveform, Fig. 4 (c) are super-capacitor voltage waveform, and Fig. 4 (d) is battery current waveform.
As shown in Fig. 4 (a), during source side power fluctuates, pass through the tune of super capacitor energy-storage system
Section, DC bus-bar voltage fluctuate to have obtained good inhibition.If Fig. 4 (b), (c) are with as shown in (d), occur in source side power
During fluctuation, the operation of super capacitor and battery controls to have obtained good coordination in mixed energy storage system.
Of the invention is suitable for the voltage-controlled hybrid energy-storing control method of off-network type direct-current grid, has following excellent
Point:
1) direct-current grid busbar voltage is controlled using super capacitor, ensure that mixed energy storage system to direct current mother
The dynamic response and rapid adjustability of line voltage fluctuation；
2) it is adjusted using capacity of the battery to super capacitor, improves the sustainable regulating power of super capacitor,
The charge/discharge current for realizing battery simultaneously is smooth, is conducive to extend battery cycle life；
3) based on local information of voltage, principle is simple, is easily achieved.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. one kind is suitable for the voltage-controlled hybrid energy-storing control method of off-network type direct-current grid, it is characterised in that: including such as
Lower step:
Step 1: the control of super capacitor energy-storage system；
The step 1 includes:
1a: according to micro-capacitance direct current bus voltage reference value Uref, super capacitor output power real value PSCWith the sagging control of voltage
Super capacitor energy-storage system voltage control instruction value U is calculated in coefficient A0；The grade capacitor energy storage system voltage control instructions
Value U0The expression formula of calculating process are as follows: U0=Uref-APsc；
1b: by voltage control instructions value U0With the sampled value U of micro-capacitance direct current bus virtual voltagedcSubtract each other, to the difference of the two
PI adjusting is carried out, the reference value of inner ring current control is obtained；As micro-capacitance direct current bus voltage UdcLower than instruction value U0When, it obtains
Inner ring current control reference value be positive value, super capacitor works in discharge condition, to what is lacked in micro-capacitance direct current bus
Power compensates；When detecting DC bus-bar voltage UdcHigher than instruction value U0When, the reference value of obtained inner ring current control
For negative value, super capacitor works in charged state, absorbs to power extra on DC bus；
1c: the reference value of inner ring current control and the average value of super capacitor current sampling data are subtracted each other, to the difference of the two into
Row PI is adjusted, and obtains the control instruction of bidirectional DC-DC converter in super capacitor energy-storage system, is carried out to corresponding power device
Control；
Step 2: the control of energy-storage system of accumulator.
2. according to claim 1 be suitable for the voltage-controlled hybrid energy-storing control method of off-network type direct-current grid, institute
Stating step 2 includes:
2a: according to voltage sagging control coefrficient A, the micro-capacitance direct current bus virtual voltage in super capacitor energy storage control system
Sampled value UdcWith micro-capacitance direct current bus voltage rating Uref, the estimated value of super capacitor residual capacity variation is calculated
2b: being reference value with 0,For actual value, PI adjusting is carried out to the difference of the two, obtains the reference value of battery current；
WhenWhen, obtained current reference value is positive value, and the energy of super capacitor cumulative release is greater than its Heavy metal at this time
Energy, battery discharge, and will be adjusted to initial value in the residual capacity of super capacitor；WhenWhen, obtained electric current is joined
Examining value is negative value, and the energy of super capacitor cumulative release is less than the energy of its Heavy metal at this time, passes through filling for control battery
The residual capacity of super capacitor is adjusted downward to initial value by electricity；
2c: in order to avoid the mutation of battery charge/discharge current, the cycle life of battery is influenced, using slope limiting element to storage
The change rate of the reference value of battery current is limited, and prevents the curent change of battery in actual motion too fast；
2d: by the average value phase of reference value and battery current sampled value through slope limiting element treated battery current
Subtract, PI adjusting is carried out to the difference of the two, the control instruction of bidirectional DC-DC converter in battery system is obtained, to corresponding
Power device is controlled.
3. according to claim 2 be suitable for the voltage-controlled hybrid energy-storing control method of off-network type direct-current grid,
It is characterized in that: the estimated value of the super capacitor residual capacity variationThe expression formula of calculating process are as follows:
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| CN108418201A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-08-17 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of direct-current grid energy storage device master ＆ slave control system |
| CN108347066A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-07-31 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of control strategy optimization method of alternating current-direct current bidirectional power current transformer |
| CN109698495B (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2022-05-10 | 江苏和网源电气有限公司 | Super capacitor-based direct-current micro-grid system |
| CN112311070B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2023-05-05 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Method and device for controlling sudden load throw of charger |
| CN111106616B (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2024-02-09 | 上海煦达新能源科技有限公司 | String architecture hybrid battery energy storage system for stabilizing output of photovoltaic power station |
| CN111446725B (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2023-03-31 | 太原理工大学 | Hybrid energy storage frequency modulation control method for micro-grid |
| CN111725824B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2023-06-02 | 天津大学 | Power smooth unified operation control method based on super capacitor |
| CN112271763A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-01-26 | 北京交通大学 | Power distribution device and method for hybrid energy storage system |
| CN113224743B (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-04-05 | 清华四川能源互联网研究院 | Off-line transient control method for DC power supply system with hybrid energy storage |
| CN113629694A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-09 | 上海工程技术大学 | Control method for off-grid hybrid energy storage direct current micro-grid |
| CN113988478A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-01-28 | 国网黑龙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Distributed economic optimization method for direct-current micro-grid interconnection system based on equal micro-increment rate |
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