CN107474881A

CN107474881A - Biological particles downdraft gas-charcoal furnace with activation section, two times of gasification

Info

Publication number: CN107474881A
Application number: CN201710590400.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴植仁
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-07-13
Filing date: 2017-07-13
Publication date: 2017-12-15

Abstract

A kind of biological particles downdraft gas-charcoal furnace with activation section, two times of gasification, it is by vertical shaft type body of heater, top filling mechanism, furnace bottom shedding mechanism composition, it is characterised in that：Primary and secondary two vaporizers up and down are set in stove, gasifying medium air is sent into stove by primary air import and auxiliary air import respectively, primary air material is preheated in a vaporizer, dried, decomposed, aoxidized and reduction reaction, auxiliary air decomposed in second gasification room to material, is aoxidized and reduction reaction, activation section is set below second gasification room, the bed of material is heated to 800~900 DEG C with electric energy, is activator with steam.Its advantage：Gasifying agent air supplies at twice, under the conditions of identical gasifies equivalent, can not only improve to obtain charcoal rate, also thicken suitable pyrolytic layer, so as to improve the intensity of gasification；Once tar caused by gasification, is cracked in internal combustion section by heat zone, reduces the tar content in outlet thermal decomposition product；Activation section is set, the quality of charcoal can be not only improved, can also obtain the higher activation gas of calorific value.

Description

Biological particles downdraft gas-charcoal furnace with activation section, two times of gasification

Art

The invention belongs to biological particles gas-charcoal furnace, more particularly to a kind of biological particles with activation section, two times of gasification Downdraft gas-charcoal furnace

Background technology

The capital equipment of current biomass gasification technology has fixed-bed gasification furnace and fluidized-bed gasification furnace, also sudden and violent in operation The problems of existing equipment for gasification are revealed, and many biomass gasifying furnaces have all been stopped production.

Therefore, Chinese patent (ZL201110259407.2) disclose " agricultural-forestry biomass second process react gasification furnace and It is applied ".Purpose is that solve above-mentioned problems.Its main points is：The rotation setting gauge of top of gasification furnace and material toggling lifter phase Connect；Gasification furnace intracavitary in the middle part of gasification furnace is provided with second gasification reative cell；Gasification furnace bottom is provided with the continuous macropore back and forth run Footpath fire grate and fixed grate, wherein being filled below reciprocal large aperture fire grate for biomass carbon cooling and carbon outleting port, carbon outleting port with discharging Put sealed connection；Gasifying gas outlet port is provided with above reciprocal large aperture fire grate, deduster is connected to pipeline.In downdraft In mood charcoal stove, enter the biological particles of stove along stove and under, pass sequentially through preliminary heating zone, drying layer, pyrolytic layer, oxide layer and reduction Layer, is chemically reacted by a series of physical, turns into biomass carbon and mood state thermal decomposition product, and charcoal is discharged through cooling down by furnace bottom, Mood state thermal decomposition product is exported by bottom, is sent to recovery system.

However, above-mentioned patent still suffers from a series of shortcomings：Raw material is confined to blocking bamboo and wood piece and rice husk；Top is using easy The out of order rotation dynamic equipment such as setting gauge and material toggling lifter；Bottom is using the continuous large aperture fire grate back and forth run and fixation Fire grate, complicated, easy break-down；Although using secondary blast, the spacing of a secondary blast is too small, under an air outlet Only carry out material preheating and drying, do not aoxidized, reduction reaction it is (" wherein pre- referring to the row of claims first paragraph four Heated drying room communicates with an air inlet pipe, and oxidation reaction chamber communicates with secondary intake pipes, ").

In addition, with the known biomass gas-carbon stove in fortune as disclosed patent, all without activation section, therefore, gained Charcoal poor quality, yield are low.So far, it is not yet found that the biological particles downdraft gas charcoal with internal combustion section and activation section The report of stove.

The content of the invention

A kind of biological particles downdraft gas-charcoal furnace with activation section, two times of gasification, is by vertical shaft type body of heater, top filling Mechanism, furnace bottom shedding mechanism composition, the vertical shaft type body of heater, by tubular shell, heat-insulation layer and refractory masonry, furnace roof primary air Multiple material mouths of disclosing that import and furnace side face are set form, it is characterised in that：Primary and secondary two gasifications up and down are set in stove Room, gasifying medium air are sent into stove by primary air import and auxiliary air import respectively, and primary air is in a vaporizer Material is preheated, dried, is decomposed, is aoxidized and reduction reaction, auxiliary air is decomposed in second gasification room to material, oxygen Change and reduction reaction, the tar in thermal decomposition product caused by a vaporizer, cracked in the heat zone of second gasification room, energy The tar content in thermal decomposition product outlet is significantly reduced, leaves the thermal decomposition product of second gasification room, through separating ring separation entrainment After solid-state charcoal and tar liquid particulate, cooling recovery system is sent to by thermal decomposition product outlet, isolates the vehement biology of thermal decomposition product Charcoal continues to move downward, and enters activation section, the bed of material is heated into 800~900 DEG C of activation temperature with electric energy in activation section, with steaming Vapour is activated, the thermal decomposition product to flow downward and the activation gas flowed up, is finally sent through separating ring by thermal decomposition product outlet Toward cooling recovery system, activation charcoal is in lower row, after cooled water cools down, through material stirring disc, garden disk blanking machine and discharging Arranged outside bell hopper.

Research shows that the activated gas being passed through is adsorbed in surface of material, carries out oxidation reaction with the carbon in charcoal, removes The non-tissue carbon intermediate gone in material, preliminarily form the microporous surface of similar graphite；Due to the side, angle and defect of graphite microcrystal The carbon at position is very active, is easily further reacted with activator, ultimately forms gas effusion, and this reaction of crystallite is constantly carried out, Pre-existent pore constantly expands, and new hole continuously emerges, and inaccessible hole is opened, and forms the microcrystalline porous structure of activated carbon, Final raw material surface is etched and forms substantial amounts of pore structure and have huge specific surface area.Due to containing in charcoal A large amount of inorganic constituents, in charcoal charing and activation process, the grey branch of formation makes carbon surface cause crackle, influences activated carbon Intensity.But in inorganic constituents, if containing alkali and alkaline earth metal ions oxide, one from its charing and activation Fixed catalytic action, and its hole is changed from small to big have facilitation.

Brief description of the drawings

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the invention will be further described.

Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention.In figure：1 high hopper, 2 charging bell hoppers, 3 shocking feeders, 4 once Air intlet, 5 refractory masonries, 6 heat-insulation layers, 7 housings, 8 cloth bell jars, 9 sleeves, 10 disclose material mouth, 11 auxiliary air imports, and 12 2 Secondary air cloth air bell cover, 13 separation rings, the outlet of 14 thermal decomposition products, 15 electrical bar sleeve pipes, 16 electrical bars, 17 activating steams (or it is rich Lighted a fire when oxygen steam and blow-on air) entrance, 18 activating steam gas distribution bell jars, 19 feed cones, 20 material stirring discs, 21 garden disk blankings Machine, 22 discharging bell hoppers.

Referring to Fig. 1,

Biological particles material is loaded into high hopper 1 with elevator, will be raw through charging bell hopper 2 and shocking feeder 3 Material grainses material uniformly loads in stove, to prevent blanking because kinetic energy is too big, throws to sole edge, sleeve 9 is set, in the work of sleeve 9 Under, charge level may be in the style of dotted line in figure in stove.

Primary air is sent under controlled conditions by the primary air import 4 of furnace roof, with furnace charge cocurrent and under, into once Vaporizer, it is similar with known downdraft gas-charcoal furnace, pass sequentially through preheating, drying, pyrolysis, oxidation and reduction.Because reduction is acute Strong heat absorption, declines temperature of charge, the dramatic downslide of pyrolysis rate, therefore, of the invention under a vaporizer, ad hoc secondary gas Change room, auxiliary air is distributed in the bed of material through auxiliary air gas distribution bell jar 12 by 11 controlled feeding of auxiliary air import, is made material Second of pyrolysis, oxidation and reduction occur successively.

Material through second of reduction, temperature have dropped to less than 600 DEG C, need to bring up to 800~900 DEG C of activation temperature, The present invention sets activation section below second gasification room, and electrical bar of the more protections in electrical bar sleeve pipe 15 is set in activation section 16, the bed of material is heated to 800~900 DEG C with electric energy, by by activating steam (or air of being lighted a fire when oxygen-rich steam and blow-on) entrance The activating steam activation that 17 activated steam gas distribution bell jars 18 uniformly flow up.

Gas dry base heat value is activated up to 5000kcal/Hm³More than, flow up, in separation ring 13 and the heat to flow downward After solving product mixing, cooling recovery system is finally sent to by thermal decomposition product outlet 14.

Activated charcoal, there is flourishing mesopore and macropore, through feed cone 19, the garden disk blanking of material stirring disc 20 after cooling Arranged outside the discharging bell hopper 22 of machine 21.

The electrical bar sleeve pipe 15 and electrical bar 16 for activation, it can be used as the kindling material of black furnace igniting.

Air needed for black furnace igniting is supplied by activating steam entrance 17.

Beneficial effect

Primary and secondary two vaporizers above and below being set in stove, gasifying agent air supply at twice, gasify in identical Under the conditions of equivalent, charcoal rate can be not only improved to obtain, also thickeies suitable pyrolytic layer, so as to improve the intensity of gasification；Once gasify Caused tar, cracked in second gasification room by heat zone, reduce the tar content in outlet thermal decomposition product；Activation section is set, The quality of charcoal can be not only improved, can also obtain the higher activation gas of calorific value.

Claims

1. a kind of biological particles downdraft gas-charcoal furnace with activation section, two times of gasification, is by vertical shaft type body of heater, top filling machine Structure, furnace bottom shedding mechanism composition, the vertical shaft type body of heater, by tubular shell 7, heat-insulation layer 6 and refractory masonry 5, furnace roof is once empty Multiple material mouths 10 of disclosing that gas import 4 and furnace side face are set form, it is characterised in that：Primary and secondary two up and down are set in stove Vaporizer, gasifying medium air are sent into stove by primary air import 4 and auxiliary air import 11 respectively, and primary air is once Material is preheated, dried, is decomposed, is aoxidized for vaporizer and reduction reaction, and auxiliary air is carried out in second gasification room to material Decompose, oxidation and reduction reaction, the tar in thermal decomposition product caused by a vaporizer, occur in the heat zone of second gasification room Cracking, the tar content in thermal decomposition product outlet 14 can be significantly reduced, the thermal decomposition product of second gasification room be left, through separating ring 13 After the solid-state charcoal and tar liquid particulate that separate entrainment, cooling recovery system is sent to by thermal decomposition product outlet 14, isolates pyrolysis The vehement charcoal of product continues to move downward, and enters activation section, and more protections are set in electrical bar sleeve pipe 15 in activation section Electrical bar 16, the bed of material is heated to 800~900 DEG C of activation temperature with electric energy, by by activating steam (or oxygen-rich steam and blow-on When light a fire air) the activating steam activation that uniformly flows up of the activated steam gas distribution bell jar 18 of entrance 17, activated water quantity of steam For 0.9~1.2kg/kg charcoals, the thermal decomposition product to flow downward and the activation gas flowed up, finally produced through separating ring 13 by pyrolysis Cooling recovery system is sent in thing outlet 14, and activation charcoal is in lower row, by cold in hollow feed cone 19 and broach hopper But water is cooled down, in the presence of material stirring disc 20, continuously and uniformly by being arranged outside garden disk blanking machine 21, and discharging bell hopper 22.

A kind of 2. biological particles downdraft gas-charcoal furnace with activation section, two times of gasification as described in power 1, it is characterised in that：Institute The electrical bar sleeve pipe 15 and electrical bar 16 for activation are stated, can be used as the kindling material of black furnace igniting.

A kind of 3. biological particles downdraft gas-charcoal furnace with activation section, two times of gasification as described in power 1, it is characterised in that：It is cold Air needed for furnace igniting is supplied by activating steam entrance 17.