CN107455298A - 一种能降低抗生素残留的鲤科家鱼养殖用药物组合物 - Google Patents

一种能降低抗生素残留的鲤科家鱼养殖用药物组合物 Download PDF

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CN107455298A
CN107455298A CN201710497655.8A CN201710497655A CN107455298A CN 107455298 A CN107455298 A CN 107455298A CN 201710497655 A CN201710497655 A CN 201710497655A CN 107455298 A CN107455298 A CN 107455298A
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李涛
杨薇
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Tianjin Agricultural University
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Abstract

一种能降低抗生素残留的鲤科家鱼养殖用药物组合物，由作为活性成分的氨基酸组合物和土霉素，以及可用于制作饵料的辅料组成，所述氨基酸组合物由重量百分比23％～27％的异亮氨酸，重量百分比15％～18％的苏氨酸，重量百分比4％～6％的精氨酸，重量百分比0.5％～1％的酪氨酸、重量百分比2％‑3％的组氨酸和余量甘氨酸组成，所述土霉素与氨基酸组合物的重量比为1:0.7～1.3。

Description

一种能降低抗生素残留的鲤科家鱼养殖用药物组合物
技术领域
本发明属于水产药物，具体的说涉及一种鱼药。
背景技术
当土霉素用于水产养殖时，既可以作为水体抑菌剂，又可以加入饵料中，但是土霉素作为四环素类抗生素的一种，人体摄入土霉素后会产生“四环素牙”等难以治愈的问题，因此已被禁用于人体。为此水产养殖技术中，在应用土霉素时一般需要长达30d的休药期才能使其在水产品体内的残留降至100μg/kg以下，使土霉素这种疗效确定、价格低廉的抗生素在水产养殖应用存在着较为严重的限制，尤其是在鲤科家鱼的养殖中，这种矛盾尤为突出，因此提供一种能够降低土霉素在水产品体内残留的用于鲤科家鱼养殖的药物组合物成为现有技术中亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
为解决前述技术问题，本发明提供了一种能降低抗生素残留的鲤科家鱼养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述药物组合物由作为活性成分的氨基酸组合物和土霉素，以及可用于制作饵料的辅料组成，所述氨基酸组合物由重量百分比8％～12％的缬氨酸，重量百分比8％～12％的甲硫氨酸，重量百分比4％～6％的苏氨酸，重量百分比4％～6％的精氨酸、重量百分比1％～2％的酪氨酸、重量百分比2％-3％的组氨酸、重量比1％-2％的脯氨酸和余量甘氨酸组成，所述土霉素与氨基酸组合物的重量比为1:0.7～1.3。
所述的一种能降低抗生素残留的鲤科家鱼养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述氨基酸组合物由重量百分比10％的缬氨酸，重量百分比10％的甲硫氨酸，重量百分比5％的苏氨酸，重量百分比5％的精氨酸，重量百分比1％～2％的酪氨酸、重量百分比2％-3％的组氨酸，重量比1％-2％的脯氨酸和余量甘氨酸组成。
所述的一种能降低抗生素残留的鲤科家鱼养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述土霉素与氨基酸组合物的重量比为1:0.9～1.1。
所述的一种能降低抗生素残留的鲤科家鱼养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述可用于制作饵料的辅料选自鱼粉、豆粕、花生粕、棉粕、菜籽粕、豆油、预混料、面粉、米糠、麸皮、麦饭石中的一种或几种。
本发明提供的一种能降低抗生素残留的鲤科家鱼养殖用药物组合物，通过优选土霉素与氨基酸组合物的之间的配比以及氨基酸组合物中各氨基酸的选择与配比，意外的发现将活性成分与可用于制作饵料的辅料混合对水产养殖鱼类进行饲喂给药时，除了可以正常发挥土霉素的抗生素作用外，还能够显著的降低鱼只体内的土霉素残留，在土霉素给药结束后单独给予含有氨基酸组合物的饵料时，则可以进一步提高土霉素在鱼只体内的代谢速度，从而可以大幅度减少土霉素药物在应用于水产养殖时的休药期。解决了现有技术的问题，尤其在应用于鲤科淡水鱼的养殖，此外通过实施例的数据表明，本发明优选的氨基酸种类及加入量范围内，上述效果更为明显。
具体实施方式
本发明提供的一种用于水产养殖的药物组合物，以如下方法配制，
1)将作为活性成分的土霉素、复方氨基酸与可以用于制作饵料的辅料混合
2)将步骤1)的混合物中加水混匀后压制成条状干燥后即得本发明的药物组合物。
本具体实施方式中采用的可用于制作饵料的辅料配方为：
鱼粉8％，豆粕13％，花生粕18.8％，棉粕13％，菜籽粕13％，豆油4％，预混料1％，面粉13％，米糠7％，麸皮8％，麦饭石1.2％(以上百分比为饵料中各组分占饵料的重量百分比)
所述预混料采用北京博达生物饲料有限公司生产的鲤鱼1％预混料，每g预混料含有以下营养成分：
维生素A≥400IU，维生素D3100～300IU，维生素E≥7mg，维生素K3≥0.2mg，维生素B1≥0.3mg、维生素B2≥0.5mg、维生素B6≥0.22mg，烟酰胺≥2.5mg、泛酸钙≥2mg、叶酸≥0.2mg、维生素C≥8mg，肌醇≥7mg、铁8～75mg、铜0.875～2.5mg、锌7～20mg、锰2～10mg、碘≥0.03mg、硒0.01～0.05mg，钴0.01～0.2mg。
实施例1～6的配方如下
对比例1～6，分别与实施例1～6配方相同，但不加入土霉素
药理实施例
采用健康的幼年鲤鱼，初始体重15.28±0.52g，分为实验组1～6及对照组，
实验组1～6分别投喂实施例1～6得到的药物组合物，对照组将可用于制作饵料的辅料作为常规饵料进行投喂。
试验塘为86cm×56cm×48cm的塑料池，每池放养15尾鲤鱼，每组1池。饲喂方法为将制成的药物组合物作为饵料每天投喂两次，时间分别为9:00和18:00，每次喂量约为鱼体重的3％，折合土霉素给药量为60mh/kg体重，投喂时间为5d，实验结束后每池随机取5尾试验鱼，对其进行体内土霉素残留量检测，然后对实验组1～6继续饲喂无土霉素的对比例组合物，对照组继续只喂常规饵料，持续5d后每组再随机取5尾试验用鱼进行体内土霉素残留量检测，以实验组饲养5d后对照组鱼只的体内土霉素平均残留量为100，实验组1～6中土霉素残留量结果如下表。
编号 实验组1 实验组2 实验组3 实验组4 实验组5 实验组6 对照组
5d残留量 48 37 39 35 46 45 100
10d残留量 0.29 0.15 0.17 0.24 0.35 0.42 2.79
由此可见，采用本发明的药物组合物，可以显著减少土霉素在鱼只体内的残留，而且在停药后进一步饲喂只有复合氨基酸和饵料的对比例时，也能显著提高土霉素的代谢率。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种能降低抗生素残留的鲤科家鱼养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述药物组合物由作为活性成分的氨基酸组合物和土霉素，以及可用于制作饵料的辅料组成，所述氨基酸组合物由重量百分比8％～12％的缬氨酸，重量百分比8％～12％的甲硫氨酸，重量百分比4％～6％的苏氨酸，重量百分比4％～6％的精氨酸、重量百分比1％～2％的酪氨酸、重量百分比2％-3％的组氨酸、重量比1％-2％的脯氨酸和余量甘氨酸组成，所述土霉素与氨基酸组合物的重量比为1:0.7～1.3。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种能降低抗生素残留的鲤科家鱼养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述氨基酸组合物由重量百分比10％的缬氨酸，重量百分比10％的甲硫氨酸，重量百分比5％的苏氨酸，重量百分比5％的精氨酸，重量百分比1％～2％的酪氨酸、重量百分比2％-3％的组氨酸，重量比1％-2％的脯氨酸和余量甘氨酸组成。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种能降低抗生素残留的鲤科家鱼养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述土霉素与氨基酸组合物的重量比为1:0.9～1.1。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种能降低抗生素残留的鲤科家鱼养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述可用于制作饵料的辅料选自鱼粉、豆粕、花生粕、棉粕、菜籽粕、豆油、预混料、面粉、米糠、麸皮、麦饭石中的一种或几种。
CN201710497655.8A 2017-06-27 2017-06-27 一种能降低抗生素残留的鲤科家鱼养殖用药物组合物 Pending CN107455298A (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5963147A (ja) * 1982-10-05 1984-04-10 Marine Project:Kk 養魚餌料の改質法
CN105192372A (zh) * 2015-09-28 2015-12-30 全椒县花溪湖特种水产合作社 一种青鱼预混饲料及其制备方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5963147A (ja) * 1982-10-05 1984-04-10 Marine Project:Kk 養魚餌料の改質法
CN105192372A (zh) * 2015-09-28 2015-12-30 全椒县花溪湖特种水产合作社 一种青鱼预混饲料及其制备方法

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Title
付同禄等: "饲料添加剂现状及在鱼虾饲料中的利用", 《饲料工业》 *

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