CN107281195A - 一种降低抗生素残留的水产养殖用药物组合物 - Google Patents
一种降低抗生素残留的水产养殖用药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种降低抗生素残留的水产养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述药物组合物由作为活性成分的土霉素与复合氨基酸和作为赋形剂的可以用于制作饵料的辅料组成，所述土霉素与复合氨基酸的质量比为1：0.3～0.8，所述的复合氨基酸由重量百分比7％‑～9％的谷氨酸，重量百分比18％～22％的丙氨酸，重量百分比14％～16％的亮氨酸，重量百分比8％～10％的丝氨酸，重量百分比3％～4％的N‑乙酰L‑色氨酸和余量甘氨酸组成。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于水产药物，具体的说涉及一种鱼药。
背景技术
四环素类抗生素由于其成本低廉、疗效确定且既可以加入饵料用于口服，又可以用于水体消毒，因此在水产养殖中得到了广泛的应用。但由于土霉素的使用会产生“四环素牙”等严重问题，已经禁止用于人类口服。现有水产养殖技术中，在应用土霉素时一般需要长达30d的休药期才能使其在水产品体内的残留降至100μg/kg以下，土霉素在水产养殖应用存在着较为严重的限制，因此提供一种能够降低土霉素在水产品体内残留的用于水产养殖的药物组合物成为现有技术中亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
为解决前述技术问题，本发明提供了了一种降低抗生素残留的水产养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述药物组合物由作为活性成分的土霉素与复合氨基酸和作为赋形剂的可以用于制作饵料的辅料组成，所述土霉素与复合氨基酸的质量比为1：0.3～0.8，所述的复合氨基酸由重量百分比7％-～9％的谷氨酸，重量百分比18％～22％的丙氨酸，重量百分比14％～16％的亮氨酸，重量百分比8％～10％的丝氨酸，重量百分比3％～4％的N-乙酰L-色氨酸和余量甘氨酸组成。
所述的一种降低抗生素残留的水产养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述土霉素与复合氨基酸的质量比为1：0.4～0.6。
所述的一种降低抗生素残留的水产养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述复合氨基酸由重量百分比8％的谷氨酸，重量百分比20％的丙氨酸，重量百分比15％的亮氨酸，重量百分比10％的丝氨酸，重量百分比3％的N-乙酰L-色氨酸和余量甘氨酸组成。
所述的一种降低抗生素残留的水产养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述药物组合物用于鲤科的淡水鱼的养殖。
所述的一种降低抗生素残留的水产养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述鲤科的淡水鱼优选青鱼、草鱼、鲢鱼、鳙鱼、鲤鱼、鲫鱼、罗非鱼。
本发明提供的一种降低抗生素残留的水产养殖用药物组合物，通过优选土霉素与复合氨基酸的之间的配比以及复合氨基酸中各氨基酸配比，意外的发现将活性成分与作为赋形剂的可以用于制作饵料的辅料混合对水产养殖鱼类进行饲喂给药时，除了可以正常发挥土霉素的抗生素作用外，还能够显著的降低鱼只体内的土霉素残留，在土霉素给药结束后单独给予含有复合氨基酸的饵料时，则可以进一步提高土霉素在鱼只体内的代谢速度，从而可以大幅度减少土霉素药物在应用于水产养殖时的休药期。解决了现有技术的问题，尤其在应用于鲤科淡水鱼的养殖。尤其是在复合氨基酸选取时，我们发现在甘氨酸、丙氨酸和亮氨酸的基础上，加入谷氨酸、丝氨酸和少量的N-乙酰L-色氨酸后其降低抗生素效果更为明显。
具体实施方式
本发明提供的一种降低抗生素残留的水产养殖用药物组合物，以如下方法配制，
1)将作为活性成分的土霉素、复方氨基酸与作为赋形剂的可以用于制作饵料的辅料混合
2)将步骤1)的混合物中加水混匀后压制成条状干燥后即得本发明的药物组合物。
本具体实施方式中采用的可用于制作饵料的辅料的配方为：
鱼粉8％，豆粕13％，花生粕18.8％，棉粕13％，菜籽粕13％，豆油4％，预混料1％，面粉13％，米糠7％，麸皮8％，麦饭石1.2％(以上百分比为饵料中各组分占饵料的重量百分比)
所述预混料采用北京博达生物饲料有限公司生产的鲤鱼1％预混料，每g预混料含有以下营养成分：
维生素A≥400IU，维生素D3100～300IU，维生素E≥7mg，维生素K3≥0.2mg，维生素B1≥0.3mg、维生素B2≥0.5mg、维生素B6≥0.22mg，烟酰胺≥2.5mg、泛酸钙≥2mg、叶酸≥0.2mg、维生素C≥8mg，肌醇≥7mg、铁8～75mg、铜0.875～2.5mg、锌7～20mg、锰2～10mg、碘≥0.03mg、硒0.01～0.05mg，钴0.01～0.2mg。
实施例1～6的配方如下
对比例1～6，分别与实施例1～6配方相同，但不加入土霉素
药理实施例
采用健康的幼年鲤鱼，初始体重14.02±0.48g，分为实验组1～6及对照组，实验组1～6分别投喂实施例1～6得到的药物组合物，对照组将可用于制作饵料的辅料作为常规饵料进行投喂。
试验塘为86cm×56cm×48cm的塑料池，每池放养25尾鲤鱼，每组1池。饲喂方法为将制成的药物组合物作为饵料每天投喂两次，时间分别为9:00和18:00，每次喂量约为鱼体重的3％，折合土霉素给药量为60mh/kg体重，投喂时间为5d，实验结束后每池随机取5尾试验鱼，对其进行体内土霉素残留量检测，然后对实验组1～6继续饲喂无土霉素的对比例组合物，对照组继续只喂无活性成分的常规饵料，持续5d后每组再随机取5尾试验用鱼进行体内土霉素残留量检测，以实验组饲养5d后对照组鱼只的体内土霉素平均残留量为100，实验组1～6中土霉素残留量结果如下表。
| 编号 | 实验组1 | 实验组2 | 实验组3 | 实验组4 | 实验组5 | 实验组6 | 对照组 |
| 5d残留量 | 47 | 38 | 43 | 40 | 42 | 43 | 100 |
| 10d残留量 | 0.37 | 0.28 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.25 | 0.31 | 3.07 |
由此可见，采用本发明的药物组合物，可以显著减少土霉素在鱼只体内的残留，而且在停药后进一步饲喂只有复合氨基酸和饵料的对比例时，也能显著提高土霉素的代谢率。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种降低抗生素残留的水产养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述药物组合物由作为活性成分的土霉素与复合氨基酸和作为赋形剂的可以用于制作饵料的辅料组成，所述土霉素与复合氨基酸的质量比为1：0.3～0.8，所述的复合氨基酸由重量百分比7％-～9％的谷氨酸，重量百分比18％～22％的丙氨酸，重量百分比14％～16％的亮氨酸，重量百分比8％～10％的丝氨酸，重量百分比3％～4％的N-乙酰L-色氨酸和余量甘氨酸组成。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种降低抗生素残留的水产养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述土霉素与复合氨基酸的质量比为1：0.4～0.6。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种降低抗生素残留的水产养殖用药物组合物，其特征是所述复合氨基酸由重量百分比8％的谷氨酸，重量百分比20％的丙氨酸，重量百分比15％的亮氨酸，重量百分比9％的丝氨酸，重量百分比3％的N-乙酰L-色氨酸和余量甘氨酸组成。
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