CN107450211B - 灰阶控制结构及其方法、液晶显示面板、显示装置 - Google Patents
灰阶控制结构及其方法、液晶显示面板、显示装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种灰阶控制结构,包括依次层叠设置的第一基板、取光层、电极层、液晶层、滤光层及第二基板;所述电极层内设有若干并列的条状电极以便所述液晶层内能够形成透镜单元;所述滤光层包括并列设置的出光条和黑色矩阵,所述出光条与所述透镜单元相对设置;所述取光层内设有取光光栅,所述取光光栅与所述出光条相对设置,所述出光条在所述取光层上的投影覆盖所述取光光栅。所述灰阶控制结构通过调控入射光线的偏折方向以控制灰阶大小,同时可提高光透过率,并且具有较高的对比度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,尤其涉及一种灰阶控制结构及对应的灰阶控制方法,此外还提供了一种液晶显示面板及显示装置。
背景技术
与传统的CRT显示器相比,液晶显示器具有零辐射、低耗能、散热小等优点。在图像显示功能方面,液晶显示器可以精确还原图像,不会出现任何的几何失真和线性失真,同时液晶显示器还具有显示字符锐利的特点,显示画面稳定而不闪烁。正是由于这些优点,液晶显示器得到了广泛的应用。
如图1,现有的液晶显示器的显示面板包括彩膜层及两个偏光层,这种结构特点使得光线的透过率较低,光效也较低,从而造成液晶显示器能耗较高,能量利用率低。
发明内容
本发明的目的旨在提供一种灰阶控制结构,其特点是能够提高光透过率,提高了能量利用率,减小能耗,且具有较高的对比度。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种液晶显示面板及显示装置,二者皆运用了所述灰阶控制结构,因此具有较高的光透过率及较佳的显示效果。
本发明的再一目的是提供一种灰阶控制方法,运用于所述灰阶控制结构,能够提高光透过率。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
本发明提供一种灰阶控制结构,其包括依次层叠设置的第一基板、取光层、电极层、液晶层、滤光层及第二基板;所述电极层内设有若干并列的条状电极以便所述液晶层内能够形成透镜单元;所述滤光层包括并列设置的出光条和黑色矩阵,所述出光条与所述透镜单元相对设置;所述取光层内设有取光光栅,所述取光光栅与所述出光条相对设置,所述出光条在所述取光层上的投影覆盖所述取光光栅。
可选地,所述取光光栅的出光角度为0-3°或9°-19°。
较佳地,所述取光光栅的宽度为3-9μm,所述取光光栅与黑色矩阵的水平距离为0.4-1.9μm。
进一步地,所述出光条包括能够调整出射光的颜色的量子点。
进一步地,所述灰阶控制结构还包括平坦层,所述平坦层设于所述液晶层与滤光层之间。
相应地,本发明还一种液晶显示面板,其包括上述任意一项技术方案所述的灰阶控制结构。
相应地,本发明还提供一种显示装置,其包括上述任意一项技术方案所述的液晶显示面板。
相应地,本发明还提供一种灰阶控制方法,该方法运用于上述任意一项技术方案所述的灰阶控制结构,包括如下步骤:根据显示需求,调整每个所述条状电极所施加的电压以改变所述透镜单元的形态,使得经所述透镜单元折射的光线能够通过所述出光条或被所述黑色矩阵遮挡。
可选地,各所述条状电极施加的电压依次递增以使到达所述滤光层的光线能够通过所述出光条。
可选地,各所述条状电极施加的电压依次递减以使到达所述滤光层的光线能够被所述黑色矩阵遮挡。
相比现有技术,本发明的方案具有以下优点:
本发明的灰阶控制结构中,通过在所述电极层中设置多个所述条状电极,并在各条状电极上施加电压以使所述液晶层中形成透镜单元,当光从所述取光光栅入射并进入所述液晶层后,由于所述透镜单元的存在,光线发生折射,光线的偏振状态发生改变,经折射后的光线可通过所述出光条或被所述黑色矩阵遮挡。因此,通过调整各条状电极上施加的电压大小,可改变所述透镜单元的形态,从而改变光线的折射方向和偏振状态,进而改变灰阶。
本发明的灰阶控制结构中,所述出光条包括量子点,当量子点受到经由所述透镜单元折射的光的激发后,量子点便会发出有色光线,而量子点发出的光线的颜色是由量子点的组成材料和大小形状决定的,因此可根据显示需求而选择量子点材料并设置其大小和形状,从而实现不同的显示效果。
本发明的灰阶控制结构还包括平坦层,该平坦层设于所述液晶层与滤光层之间,增大所述透镜单元与所述滤光层的距离,增加光线路程,从而便于控制光线到达所述滤光层上时所处的位置。
本发明的液晶显示面板运用了所述灰阶控制结构,所述显示装置则运用了所述液晶显示面板,因此所述液晶显示面板和显示装置都具有所述灰阶控制结构所述具有的优点。
本发明的灰阶控制方法中,当各所述条状电极上施加的电压依次递增时,形成的透镜单元可使得折射的光线能够通过所述出光条;当各所述条状电极上施加的电压依次递减时,形成的透镜单元可使得折射的光线能够被所述黑色矩阵遮挡。因此,通过调整各所述条状电极上的电压,可调整光透过率,进而改变灰阶。
本发明附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,这些将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明上述的和/或附加的方面和优点从下面结合附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解,其中:
图1为现有技术中液晶显示器的显示面板的结构示意图;
图2为本发明的灰阶控制结构的一种典型实施例的示意图;
图3为图2中A部分的透镜单元的结构示意图,并示出了光线折射路径,其中a为各条状电极上依次施加递增的正电压时形成的棱形透镜,b 为两侧的条状电极施加的正电压大于中间的条状电极施加的正电压时形成的凸透镜;
图4为包含了图2中的灰阶控制结构的液晶显示面板的局部示意图,其中示出了通过出光条的光线路径;
图5为包含了图2中的灰阶控制结构的液晶显示面板的局部示意图,其中示出了被黑色矩阵遮挡的光线的路径;
图6为图5中B部分的透镜单元的结构示意图,并示出了光线折射路径,其中c为各条状电极上依次施加递减的正电压时形成的棱形透镜,d 为两侧的条状电极施加的正电压大于中间的条状电极施加的正电压时形成的凸透镜;
图7为本发明的灰阶控制结构中取光光栅的出光示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本发明,而不能解释为对本发明的限制。
请参阅图2,本发明的灰阶控制结构100,包括依次层叠设置的第一基板10、取光层20、电极层30、液晶层40、滤光层50和第二基板60。所述第一基板10和第二基板60的预倾角皆为2°,以缩短液晶在电压驱动下的反应时间。所述电极层30与所述液晶层40之间设有绝缘层,优选地,该绝缘层采用PI材料(Polyimide,聚酰亚胺)制作,因此具有较好的绝缘性能。
具体地,所述电极层30内设有多个并列的条状电极301,通过在各所述条状电极301上施加电压可使得所述液晶层40内形成透镜单元。所述滤光层50包括并列设置的出光条501和黑色矩阵502,所述出光条501 可透光,所述黑色矩阵502能够遮挡光线。所述取光层20内设有取光光栅201,所述取光光栅201与所述出光条501相对设置,并且,所述出光条501在所述取光层20上的投影覆盖所述取光光栅201。通过在各所述条状电极301上施加电压而使所述液晶层40内形成的透镜单元位于所述取光光栅201和所述出光条501之间。
上述设计中,光从所述取光光栅201入射并进入所述液晶层40后被所述透镜单元折射,故光的传播方向和偏振状态发生改变,到达所述滤光层50上的光能够通过所述出光条501或被所述黑色矩阵502遮挡。通过调整各所述条状电极301上施加的电压大小,可改变所述透镜单元的形态,从而改变光线的折射方向和偏振状态,进而改变灰阶。因此,所述灰阶控制结构100可通过调控入射光偏折方向而提高光透过率,从而具有较大的光效及较佳的对比度。
请参阅图7,所述取光光栅201的出光角度为0-18°,优选地,出光角度的选取范围为0-3°或9°-19°。
优选地,所述取光光栅201的宽度m的选取范围为3μm-9μm,进一步优选地,该距离为5μm;并且所述黑色矩阵502与所述取光光栅201 的水平距离n的选取范围为0.4μm-1.9μm,进一步优选地,该距离为1.1 μm。
优选地,所述液晶层40中的液晶单元间隙为10μm,液晶的摩擦方向为0°或90°,即液晶初始状态长轴为水平0°或90°取向。
请参阅图3,具体地,当所述电极层30内各条状电极301施加的正电压依次递增时,所述液晶层40内形成如图3中a所示的棱形透镜,使得入射光经该棱形透镜折射后向左侧偏移,从而使得折射光能够完全通过所述出光条501,可增大光透过率。
一种实施例中,从左往右的各条状电极301依次施加0.2、2.1、4.1、 6.8、9.5V的正电压,可形成形如棱形透镜的透镜单元。以此为前提,并以所述取光光栅201的出光角度为0°或18°时为例,当出光角度为0°时,入射光不被遮挡,由于所述出光条501在所述取光层20上的投影完全覆盖所述取光光栅201,因此入射光能够完全通过所述出光条501;当出光角度为18°时,入射光向左侧偏移,有84.6%的光出射,此时光效为 92.3%。
当然,各所述条状电极301上施加的电压值大小不作具体限制,还可以选择其他电压组合,只要保证从左往右施加的正电压依次递增并形成形状如图3中a中的棱形透镜的透镜单元即可。并且,较佳地,施加的最大电压不应大于10V。另外,还可调整各条状电极301上施加的电压以形成如图3中b所示的透镜单元,并且使得折射光线向左侧偏折。
请参阅图6,当所述电极层30内各条状电极301施加的正电压依次递减时,所述液晶层40内形成如图6中c所示的棱形透镜,使得入射光经该棱形透镜折射后向右侧偏移,从而使得折射光能够被所述黑色矩阵502遮挡。
一种实施例中,从左往右的各条状电极301依次施加9.5、6.8、4.1、 2.1、0.2V的正电压,可形成形如棱镜透镜的透镜单元。同理,以此为前提,当所述取光光栅201的出光角度为0°或18°时,折射光线皆向右侧偏移,且完全被所述黑色矩阵502遮挡,此时没有光线出射,实现了暗态。
当然,各所述条状电极301上施加的电压值大小不作具体限制,还可以选择其他电压组合,只要保证从左往右施加的正电压依次递减并形成形状如图c中的棱形透镜的透镜单元即可。并且,较佳地,施加的最大电压不应大于10V。另外,还可调整各条状电极301上施加的电压以形成如图6中d所示的透镜单元,并且使得折射光线向右侧偏折。
上述两种情况属于极端的情况,前者能够使得折射光几乎能够完全通过所述出光条501,后者则使得折射光完全被所述黑色矩阵502遮挡。通常,可通过调整施加于各条状电极301上的电压以改变所述透镜单元的形态,从而使得经所述透镜单元折射的光部分通过所述出光条501,同时部分被黑色矩阵502遮挡,进而能够形成不同的灰阶,以满足不同的显示需求。
进一步地,所述出光条501包括量子点。每当受到光或电等外来能量激发后,量子点便会发出有色光线,光线的颜色由量子点的组成材料和大小形状决定,当量子点的尺寸不同时,电子与空穴的量子限域程度不一样,分立的能级结构不同,一般颗粒越小,则会吸收长波,颗粒越大,则会吸收短波,因此可根据显示需求而选择量子点材料并设置其大小和形状,从而实现不同的显示效果。
请继续参阅图2,所述灰阶控制结构100还包括平坦层70,所述平坦层70设于所述液晶层40与滤光层50之间,以增大所述透镜单元与所述滤光层50的距离,增加光线路程,从而便于控制光线到达所述滤光层50 上时所处的位置。优选地,所述平坦层70的高度为15μm。所述平坦层 70与所述液晶层40之间设有绝缘层,优选地,该绝缘层采用PI材料(Polyimide,聚酰亚胺)制作,因此具有较好的绝缘性能。
请结合图4和图5,本发明还提供一种液晶显示面板1000,所述液晶显示面板1000包括多个所述灰阶控制结构100。
请参阅图4,并结合图3,当所述电极层30内各条状电极301施加的正电压依次递增时,所述液晶层40内形成如图3中a所示的棱形透镜,使得入射光经该棱形透镜折射后向左侧偏移,从而使得折射光能够完全通过所述出光条501,可增大光透过率。
请参阅图5,并结合图6,当所述电极层30内各条状电极301施加的正电压依次递减时,所述液晶层40内形成如图6中c所示的棱形透镜,使得入射光经该棱形透镜折射后向右侧偏移,从而使得折射光能够被所述黑色矩阵502遮挡。
通常,可通过调整施加于各所述条状电极301上的电压以改变所述透镜单元的形态,从而使得经所述透镜单元折射的光部分通过所述出光条 501,同时部分被黑色矩阵502遮挡,从而能够形成不同的灰阶,以满足不同的显示需求。
相应地,本发明还提供一种显示装置,该显示装置运用了所述液晶显示面板1000,因此具有所述液晶显示面板1000所具有的优点,故不赘述。所述显示装置可以为电子纸、手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
另外,本发明还提供一种灰阶控制方法,该方法运用于所述灰阶控制结构100中,具体包括以下步骤:根据显示需求,调整每个所述条状电极 301所施加的电压以改变所述透镜单元的形态,使得经所述透镜单元折射的光线能够通过所述出光条501或被所述黑色矩阵502遮挡。
具体地,当所述电极层30内各条状电极301施加的正电压依次递增时,所述液晶层40内形成如图3中a所示的棱形透镜,使得入射光经该棱形透镜折射后向左侧偏移,从而使得折射光能够完全通过所述出光条 501,从而增大光透过率;当所述电极层30内各条状电极301施加的正电压依次递减时,所述液晶层40内形成如图6中c所示的棱形透镜,使得入射光经该棱形透镜折射后向右侧偏移,从而使得折射光能够被所述黑色矩阵502遮挡。
通常,可通过调整施加于各条状电极301上的电压以改变所述透镜单元的形态,从而使得经所述透镜单元折射的光部分通过所述出光条501,同时部分被黑色矩阵502遮挡,从而能够形成不同的灰阶,以满足不同的显示需求。
以上所述仅是本发明的部分实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种灰阶控制结构,其特征在于,包括依次层叠设置的第一基板、取光层、电极层、液晶层、滤光层及第二基板;所述电极层内设有若干并列的条状电极以便所述液晶层内能够形成透镜单元;所述滤光层包括并列设置的出光条和黑色矩阵,所述出光条与所述透镜单元相对设置;所述取光层内设有取光光栅,所述取光光栅与所述出光条相对设置,所述出光条在所述取光层上的投影覆盖所述取光光栅;
所述灰阶控制结构还包括平坦层,所述平坦层设于所述液晶层与滤光层之间;
所述液晶层被配置为在各所述条状电极施加的电压依次递增时,形成棱形透镜使到达所述滤光层的光线通过所述出光条,在各所述条状电极施加的电压依次递减时,形成棱形透镜使到达所述滤光层的光线被所述黑色矩阵遮挡。
2.根据权利要求1所述的灰阶控制结构,其特征在于,所述取光光栅的出光角度为0-3°或9°-19°。
3.根据权利要求1所述的灰阶控制结构,其特征在于,所述取光光栅的宽度为3-9μm,所述取光光栅与黑色矩阵的水平距离为0.4-1.9μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的灰阶控制结构,其特征在于,所述出光条包括能够调整出射光的颜色的量子点。
5.一种液晶显示面板,其特征在于,包括权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的灰阶控制结构。
6.一种显示装置,其特征在于,包括权利要求5所述的液晶显示面板。
7.一种灰阶控制方法,其特征在于,该方法运用于权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的灰阶控制结构,包括如下步骤:
根据显示需求,调整每个所述条状电极所施加的电压以改变所述透镜单元的形态,使得经所述透镜单元折射的光线能够通过所述出光条或被所述黑色矩阵遮挡。
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