CN107450203A - 光阀面板以及使用其的液晶显示器 - Google Patents

光阀面板以及使用其的液晶显示器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107450203A
CN107450203A CN201710391744.4A CN201710391744A CN107450203A CN 107450203 A CN107450203 A CN 107450203A CN 201710391744 A CN201710391744 A CN 201710391744A CN 107450203 A CN107450203 A CN 107450203A
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China
Prior art keywords
voltage
light valve
electrode
liquid crystal
common electric
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CN201710391744.4A
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CN107450203B (zh
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南尚辰
柳旭相
金奎珍
刘承振
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LG Display Co Ltd
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LG Display Co Ltd
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1313—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells specially adapted for a particular application
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    • G09G3/3426—Control of illumination source using several illumination sources separately controlled corresponding to different display panel areas, e.g. along one dimension such as lines the different display panel areas being distributed in two dimensions, e.g. matrix

Abstract

讨论了光阀面板以及使用其的液晶显示器。根据实施方式的光阀面板包括：液晶层；通过光阀数据线接收光阀数据电压的第一电极；第二电极，其面对第一电极并且接收公共电压，在第一电极与第二电极之间插入有液晶层，以及提供光阀数据电压的光阀数据线。公共电压与光阀数据电压同步以相同的相位摆动。根据另一实施方式的液晶显示装置包括显示面板、背光单元和光阀面板。

Description

光阀面板以及使用其的液晶显示器
技术领域
本公开内容涉及一种液晶显示器，其包括基于输入图像的亮度分布来控制入射在显示面板上的光的量。
背景技术
已经开发了诸如液晶显示器(LCD)、有机发光二极管(OLED)显示器、等离子体显示面板(PDP)和电泳显示器(EPD)等的各种平板显示器。液晶显示器通过基于数据电压控制施加至液晶分子的电场来显示图像。有源矩阵液晶显示器包括在每个像素中的薄膜晶体管(TFT)。
液晶显示器包括：具有液晶层的显示面板；使光照射在显示面板上的背光单元；用于向显示面板的数据线提供数据电压的源极驱动器集成电路(IC)；用于向显示面板的栅极线(或扫描线)提供栅极脉冲(或扫描脉冲)的栅极驱动器IC；用于控制源极驱动器IC和栅极驱动器IC的控制电路；以及用于驱动背光单元的光源的光源驱动电路。
通过施加至显示面板的像素的数据电压产生输入图像的灰度级。液晶显示器由于背光而在显示暗图像方面不好。这是因为背光单元将均匀量的光照射在显示面板的整个屏幕上而不管输入图像的亮度分布如何。因此，液晶显示器具有有限的对比度。
发明内容
在一个实施方式中，提供了一种光阀面板，其包括：液晶层；第一电极，其通过光阀数据线接收光阀数据电压；以及第二电极，其面对第一电极并且接收与光阀数据电压同步以相同的相位摆动的公共电压，在第一电极与第二电极之间插入有液晶层。
在另一个实施方式中，提供了一种液晶显示装置，其包括：其上布置有像素的显示面板，输入图像施加至所述像素；使光照射在显示面板上的背光单元；以及设置在显示面板与背光单元之间的光阀面板，并且光阀面板根据输入图像调整来自背光单元的光的量。光阀面板包括：液晶层；第一电极，其通过光阀数据线接收光阀数据电压；以及第二电极，其面对第一电极并且接收与光阀数据电压同步以相同的相位摆动的公共电压，在第一电极与第二电极之间插入有液晶层。
附图说明
包括附图以提供对本发明的进一步理解并且附图被并入本说明书并构成本说明书的一部分，附图示出了本发明的实施方式并且与说明书一起用于解释本发明的原理。在图中：
图1是根据本发明的实施方式的液晶显示器的框图；
图2是示出图1所示的显示面板、光阀面板和背光单元的堆叠结构的截面图；
图3示出了由当显示面板的金属线与光阀面板的金属线彼此交叠时产生的光的干涉而出现的摩尔纹；
图4示出了由显示面板与光阀面板之间的间隙产生的颜色失真；
图5示出了当与光阀面板中的亮块相邻的暗块被接通以防止侧视角的颜色失真时出现不良亮线的示例；
图6示出了显示面板的像素数据调制方法和光阀面板的块亮度控制方法；
图7示出了当通过图6的(C)中所示的控制方法控制显示面板的数据和亮度时在侧视角处像素的亮度；
图8是光阀面板的截面图；
图9是示出本发明的光阀面板的块分割的图；
图10是示出根据本发明的实施方式的光阀面板的驱动电压的图；
图11是示出光阀面板的液晶层的V-T(电压-透光率)特性曲线的图；
图12至图14是示出块图像显示过程中的下电极的电压降现象的图；以及
图15至图16是示出通过本发明的公共电压来确保白余量(white margin)的过程的图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照在附图中示出的本发明的示例性实施方式。尽可能地，在整个附图中使用相同的附图标记来指代相同或相似的部件。将会注意的是，将省略对已知技术的详细描述。
参照图1和图2，根据本发明的实施方式的液晶显示器包括：包括像素阵列的显示面板PNL1；使光照射在显示面板PNL1上的背光单元BLU；设置在显示面板PNL1与背光单元BLU之间的光阀面板PNL2；第一面板驱动电路；第二面板驱动电路；以及背光驱动电路40。
显示面板PNL1包括彼此相对定位的第一上基板100和第一下基板110，第一上基板100与第一下基板110之间插入有液晶层。
在第一上基板100上形成包括黑矩阵和滤色器的滤色器阵列。
在第一下基板110上，形成有数据线DL、栅极线GL、公共电极22、连接至TFT的像素电极21、连接至像素电极21的存储电容器Cst等。TFT分别形成在子像素中并且连接至像素电极21。TFT可以被实现为非晶硅(a-Si)TFT、低温多晶硅(LTPS)TFT、氧化物TFT等。TFT分别连接至子像素的像素电极21。公共电极22与像素电极21用插入于其间的绝缘层彼此隔开。
显示面板PNL1可以以包括扭曲向列(TN)模式、垂直对准(VA)模式、面内切换(IPS)模式、边缘场开关(FFS)模式等的任何已知的液晶模式来实现。
偏光膜13和14分别附接至显示面板PNL1的第一上基板100和第一下基板110。用于设定液晶的预倾角(pretilt)的取向层(alignment layer)分别形成在显示面板PNL1的第一上基板100和第一下基板110上。可以在显示面板PNL1的第一上基板100与第一下基板110之间形成用于保持液晶盒Clc的盒间隙的间隔件。
在显示面板PNL1与背光单元BLU之间设置有光阀面板PNL2。光阀面板PNL2基于施加至光阀面板PNL2的第二上基板200与第二下基板210的电压之差驱动液晶分子，并调节照射在显示面板PNL1上的光的量。光阀面板PNL2是利用电控制的液晶分子与输入图像同步地调节光的量的液晶闸板(crystal shutter)。
可以以TN模式驱动光阀面板PNL2的液晶。可以根据正常白色的透光率-电压曲线(下文中称为“T-V曲线”)来以TN模式调节液晶盒Clc的亮度。在正常白色的T-V曲线中，随着电压的降低，透光率增加。因此，液晶盒的亮度增加。相反，随着电压的增加，透光率降低。因此，液晶盒的亮度降低。稍后将详细描述光阀面板PNL2的结构和操作。
可以利用粘合剂23(例如光学透明粘合剂(OCA))使显示面板PNL1与光阀面板PNL2彼此附接。
第一面板驱动电路将输入图像的数据施加至像素。第一面板驱动电路包括第一定时控制器10、第一数据驱动器20和栅极驱动器30。第一面板驱动电路可以集成到一个IC中。
第一定时控制器10将从主机系统5接收的输入图像的数字视频数据发送至第一数据驱动器20。第一定时控制器10从主机系统5接收与输入图像的数据同步的定时信号。定时信号包括垂直同步信号Vsync、水平同步信号Hsync、数据使能信号DE和时钟CLK等。第一定时控制器10基于与输入图像的像素数据一起接收的定时信号Vsync、Hsync、DE和CLK来控制第一数据驱动器20和栅极驱动器30的操作定时。第一定时控制器10可以将用于控制像素阵列的极性的极性控制信号发送至第一数据驱动器20的每个源极驱动器IC。
第一数据驱动器20的输出通道连接至像素阵列的数据线DL。第一数据驱动器20从第一定时控制器10接收输入图像的数字视频数据。第一数据驱动器20在第一定时控制器10的控制下将输入图像的数字视频数据转换为正和负伽马补偿电压并输出正和负数据电压。第一数据驱动器20的输出电压被提供至数据线DL。第一数据驱动器20在第一定时控制器10的控制下将要提供至像素的数据电压的极性反转。
栅极驱动器30在第一定时控制器10的控制下，将与数据电压同步的栅极脉冲依次提供至栅极线GL。从栅极驱动器30输出的栅极脉冲与提供至数据线DL的数据电压同步。
第二面板驱动电路与输入图像同步地调节通过光阀面板PNL2透射的光的量，并提高在显示面板PNL1上再现的图像的对比度。第二面板驱动电路包括第二定时控制器11和第二数据驱动器50。第二面板驱动电路可以集成到一个IC中。
第二定时控制器11将输入图像的数据发送至第二数据驱动器50。第二定时控制器11从主机系统5接收与输入图像的数据同步的定时信号。定时信号包括垂直同步信号Vsync、水平同步信号Hsync、数据使能信号DE和时钟CLK等。第二定时控制器11基于与输入图像的像素数据一起接收的定时信号Vsync、Hsync、DE和CLK来控制第二数据驱动器50的操作定时。
第二数据驱动器50从第二定时控制器11接收输入图像的数字视频数据。第二数据驱动器50在第二定时控制器11的控制下将输入图像的数字视频数据转换成正和负伽马补偿电压，并输出正和负数据电压。第二数据驱动器50的输出电压被提供至数据线LVL。第二数据驱动器50在第二定时控制器11的控制下将要提供至像素的数据电压的极性反转。
第一面板驱动电路和第二面板驱动电路可以以各种类型集成。例如，第一定时控制器10和第二定时控制器11可以集成到一个IC中。第一面板驱动电路和第二面板驱动电路可以集成到一个IC中。
背光单元BLU可以被实现为直接型背光单元或边缘型背光单元。背光单元BLU包括光源LS、导光板LGP、光学片OPT等。光源LS可以被实现为诸如发光二极管(LED)的点光源。光源LS的亮度根据由背光单元驱动器40提供的驱动电压单独调节。光学片OPT包括一个或多个棱镜片以及一个或多个漫射片。光学片OPT漫射从导光板LGP入射的光，并以与显示面板PNL1的光入射表面基本垂直的角度折射光的行进路径。
主机系统5可以是电视系统、机顶盒、导航系统、DVD播放器、蓝光播放器、个人计算机(PC)、家庭影院系统和电话系统之一。
根据本发明的实施方式的液晶显示器还包括电力单元。电力单元利用DC-DC转换器产生驱动显示面板PNL1和光阀面板PNL2所需的电压。电压包括高电位电力电压VDD、逻辑电力电压VCC、伽马参考电压、栅极高电压VGH、栅极低电压VGL、公共电压Vcom以及其他电压。高电位电力电压VDD是显示面板PNL1的像素将被充电至的数据电压的最大值。逻辑电力电压VCC是第一面板驱动电路和第二面板驱动电路的IC电力电压。栅极高电压VGH是栅极脉冲的高逻辑电压，其被设置为等于或大于像素阵列的TFT的阈值电压。栅极低电压VGL是栅极脉冲的低逻辑电压，其被设置为小于像素阵列的TFT的阈值电压。栅极高电压VGH和栅极低电压VGL被提供至栅极驱动器30。栅极脉冲在栅极高电压VGH和栅极低电压VGL之间摆动。公共电压Vcom被提供至液晶盒Clc的公共电极22。电力单元划分高电位电压VDD并产生伽马参考电压。伽马参考电压由安装在第一数据驱动器20内的分压器电路划分，并根据灰度级划分为正和负伽马补偿电压。
光阀面板PNL2与在像素阵列上显示的输入图像的数据同步地、精确地控制照射在每个像素上的光的量，并使在显示面板PNL1上再现的图像的对比度最大化。这将参照图3进行描述。
在显示面板PNL1和光阀面板PNL2中的每一个上形成有线。线不透明，并且可以形成为具有高反射率的金属线。金属线包括垂直方向的数据线、水平方向的栅极线和水平方向的公共线。公共线连接至像素的公共电极，并将公共电压Vcom提供至公共电极。由于具有高反射率的金属线通过反射外部光导致对比度降低，所以金属线和TFT被黑矩阵图案覆盖。在这种情况下，当显示面板PNL1的线与光阀面板PNL2的线交叠时，如果产生不对准，则可能由于光的干涉而在垂直和水平方向上产生摩尔纹现象，如图3所示。为了减少摩尔纹现象，可以在显示面板PNL1与光阀面板PNL2之间设置漫射光的漫射片。另一方面，本发明的实施方式从光阀面板PNL2中除去水平线，并且利用透明电极材料形成上基板和下基板的电极以及线，从而在不添加漫射片的情况下使摩尔纹现象最小化。
当用户以前视角观看液晶显示器时，用户可以以期望的亮度观看图像。然而，当用户以侧视角观看液晶显示器时，图像的亮度和颜色可能改变。如图4的中间图所示，前视角是当用户以90°的角度观看显示面板PNL1的显示表面时获得的视角。侧视角是当用户以倾斜于左侧或右侧的角度观看显示面板PNL1的显示表面时获得的视角。在图4中，左图以45°的左视角显示，右图以45°的右视角显示。特别是由于在显示面板PNL1与光阀面板PNL2之间无条件地形成预定的间隙ΔG，因此在侧视角处，可能更清晰地出现包含光阀面板PNL2的液晶显示器的颜色失真。在图4中，只有光阀面板PNL2的位于用白色表示的像素下方的块透射光，而光阀面板PNL2的其他块阻挡光。在这种情况下，当用户以侧视角观看液晶显示器时，某些颜色的亮度降低，并且出现颜色失真。可以考虑用于调节图5所示的光阀面板PNL2的亮度的方法，以便提高侧视角的亮度。应当注意，图5所示的示例不是现有技术。
图5示出当与光阀面板PNL2中的亮块相邻的暗块被接通以防止侧视角的颜色失真时出现不良亮线的示例。亮块被布置在显示面板PNL1的亮像素(下文中称为“ON像素”)的下方，并且意思是光阀面板PNL2的使光照射到ON像素上的块(下文中称为“ON块”)。亮像素是高灰度级(例如，白色灰度级)的数据被施加至的像素。暗块是指光阀面板PNL2的设置在与显示面板PNL1的ON像素相邻的暗像素(下文中称为“OFF像素”)下方的块(下文中称为“OFF块”)。暗像素是低灰度级(例如，低于ON像素的灰度级的黑色灰度级)的数据施加至的像素。如图5所示，当与ON块相邻的OFF块的亮度增加时，可以看到在侧视角处的红色、绿色和蓝色数据中的每一个都具有期望的亮度。因此，可以减少或防止侧视角处的颜色失真。另一方面，当OFF块的亮度增加时，OFF像素的亮度可能增加。因此，在前视角处的OFF像素的亮度可能增加。为了补偿在前视角处的图像质量的降低，可以利用用于降低与ON像素相邻的OFF像素的数据值的调制方法来降低OFF像素的亮度。然而，调制方法可能导致亮线现象，其中接收数据的OFF像素与接收原始数据的OFF像素之间的边界看起来明亮。
本发明的实施方式经由通过以与在光阀面板PNL2中的ON块相邻的OFF块的亮度逐渐变化的方式将电压分配至块的渐变方法来调节光阀面板PNL2的亮度，从而降低侧视角处的亮度和颜色失真并且防止亮线现象。此外，本发明的实施方式可以与OFF块的渐变亮度控制方法相反(in reverse)来控制与ON像素相邻的OFF像素的灰度级。
图6示出了显示面板的像素数据调制方法和光阀面板的块亮度控制方法。图7示出了通过图6的(C)中所示的控制方法控制显示面板的数据和亮度时在侧视角处像素的亮度。
在图6中，D1表示ON像素的位置和在ON像素下的ON块的位置。D2和D3表示OFF像素的位置和OFF像素下的OFF块的位置。
图6中的(A)示出了仅将高灰度级数据施加至ON像素并且仅ON块在高亮度处接通的示例。图6中的(B)示出了用于通过ON块的亮度来增加与ON块相邻的OFF块的亮度并且降低要施加至与ON像素相邻的OFF像素的数据的灰度级从而以提高侧视角的方法。
图6的(C)和图7中示出了以下方法，该方法用于当OFF块远离ON块时逐渐降低OFF块亮度、同时通过ON块的亮度来增加与ON块相邻的OFF块的亮度，以改善侧视角和亮线。光阀面板PNL2的每个块设置在显示面板PNL1的像素下方，并且使光照射在像素上。因此，与ON块相邻的OFF块中存在OFF像素，并且可以单独地调节OFF像素的灰度级，如图6的(C)和图7所示。像素数据调制方法可以使用图6的(C)所示的渐变方法。可以使用其他方法。例如，光阀面板PNL2的亮度可以使用图6中的(C)的渐变方法，并且像素数据调制方法可以使用图6的(B)或(C)中所示的方法。
图8是光阀面板的截面图。
参照图8，光阀面板PNL2包括第二上基板200和第二下基板210。
第二上基板200包括第一基础基板201和第二电极203。第二电极203可以由诸如铟锡氧化物(ITO)的透明电极材料形成。如果需要，第二上基板200可以包括黑矩阵(BM)。在下文中，在本说明书中第二电极203将被称为上电极203。
第二下基板210包括第二基础基板211、光阀数据线LVDL和第一电极215。在下文中，在本说明书中第一电极215将被称为下电极215。
下电极215可以由诸如ITO的透明电极材料形成。下电极215设置在光阀面板PNL2的整个表面上。光阀数据线LVDL由诸如ITO和铟锌氧化物(IZO)的透明电极材料形成。光阀数据线LVDL优选由透明电极形成，以防止摩尔纹现象，但不限于此。光阀数据线LVDL可以由低电阻金属形成，以便补偿透明电极的电阻。
光阀数据线LVDL连接至下电极215，以直接提供光阀数据电压。因此，光阀面板PNL2不需要TFT或栅极线(或扫描线)。因此，本发明的实施方式可以通过简化光阀面板PNL2的结构来防止摩尔纹现象和亮线现象，并且可以进一步减少光阀面板PNL2的制造工艺数目，从而提高产量。此外，本发明的实施方式省略了用于驱动光阀面板PNL2的栅极驱动电路，并且从而可以实现较低成本的光阀面板PNL2。
偏光膜24附接至光阀面板PNL2的下基板210。在接触在光阀面板PNL2的上基板200和下基板210处的液晶层的表面上分别形成有取向层。可以在光阀面板PNL2的上基板200与下基板210之间形成用于维持液晶盒的盒间隙的间隔件。
图9是示出本发明的光阀面板的块分割的图。
参照图8和图9，光阀面板PNL2的下电极包括有源区A/A和边框(bezel)区Bezel。在有源区A/A中布置有M×N个块BL。
光阀数据线LVDL彼此平行并且在有源区A/A中沿垂直方向(y轴方向)布置。光阀数据线LVDL中的每个通过接触孔CNT连接至块BL。通过接触孔CNT提供到下电极的光阀数据线分布到块BL的区域。
光阀数据线LVDL沿着与像素P的列方向(y轴方向)平行的方向垂直布置。
图10是示出根据本发明的实施方式的光阀面板的驱动电压的图。
参照图10，光阀数据电压LVData的极性以规则的间隔反转。下文中，在本说明书的光阀数据电压LVData的极性中，将比参考公共电压RVCOM高的电压定义为正极性，将低于参考公共电压RVCOM的电压定义为负极性。光阀数据电压LVData的极性反转的周期可以与提供至显示面板PNL1的像素P的数据电压的极性反转周期同步。可以基于图像数据来确定光阀数据电压LVData的幅值，并且光阀数据电压LVData的幅值可以被确定为低电位电压GND与高电位电压VDD之间的电压电平。
参考公共电压RVCOM是指光阀数据电压LVData中的低电位电压GND和高电位电压VDD的平均值。
公共电压VCOM的周期与光阀数据电压LVData的周期同步，并且公共电压VCOM摆动以具有相同的相位。在本说明书的公共电压VCOM的极性中，将高于参考公共电压RVCOM的电压定义为正极性，将低于参考公共电压RVCOM的电压定义为负极性。公共电压VCOM在具有比参考公共电压RVCOM高调制电压MV的电压电平的正电压与具有比参考公共电压RVCOM低调制电压MV的电压电平的负电压之间的范围内摆动。
施加至上电极203的公共电压VCOM以与施加至下电极215的光阀数据电压LVData相同的极性摆动。因此，可以改善以白色显示的图像对象边界处的图像缺陷的发生。
除了施加恒定电压的公共电压VCOM的比较例之外，还将描述本发明的实施方式。
图11是示出用于驱动光阀面板PNL2的液晶层230的TN模式特性的图。图11示出了根据上电极203与下电极215之间的差电压V的液晶层230的透光率T。
参照图11，在正常白色的V-T曲线中，随着上电极203与下电极215之间的电压差越小，透光率变得越高并且光阀面板PNL2的亮度变得越高。随着上电极203与下电极215之间的电压差越大，透光率变得越低并且光阀面板PNL2的亮度变得越低。当上电极203与下电极215之间的电压差属于白余量WS时，光阀面板PNL2显示白色。当上电极203与下电极215之间的电压差属于黑余量BS时，光阀面板PNL2显示黑色。
图12是示出光阀面板的块图像的示例的图。图13是示出根据比较例的光阀数据电压和参考公共电压的曲线图。图14是示出图13所示的光阀数据电压施加至的下电极的块中的电压分布的曲线图。图13所示的第一至第十二个光阀数据电压LVData是施加至位于图12中的I-I'上的第一至第十二接触孔CNT1至CNT12的电压。根据图13所示的比较例的参考公共电压RVCOM与根据本发明的公共电压VCOM的不同之处在于其保持恒定的电压。图13示出了其中光阀数据电压LVData的电压电平大于参考公共电压RVCOM的正光阀数据电压LVData。
下面将描述在通过以TN模式操作的光阀面板PNL2显示如图12所示的图案图像的过程中，向上电极施加恒定电压的比较例。
参照图12和图13，等于或接近参考公共电压RVCOM的幅值的电压被施加至属于显示白色的块的第一接触孔CNT1至第三接触孔CNT3。等于或接近高电位电压VDD的电压被施加至属于显示黑色的块的第五接触孔CNT5至第八接触孔CNT8。通过光阀数据线LVDL施加的电压被分配到下电极215的块BL。
为图10所示的恒定电压的参考公共电压RVCOM被施加至上电极203。
图13是通过施加至光阀数据线LVDL的电压的位于光阀面板PNL2的I-I'上的下电极215的理想电压分布。然而，施加至接触孔CNT的电压由于下电极215的薄层电阻而降低，使得位于I-I'上的下电极215的电压分布出现如图14所示的情况。因此，如图14所示，显示白色的块BL的电压高于施加至朝向中心区域的接触孔CNT的电压。显示黑色的块BL的电压低于施加至朝向中心区域的接触孔CNT的电压。与除了薄层电阻之外的理想电压分布相比，下电极215的电压分布具有电压偏差ΔV1和ΔV2。
块BL由于电压偏差ΔV1和ΔV2而显示不同的亮度。然而，当电压偏差ΔV1和ΔV2属于白余量WS或黑余量BS时，可以显示期望的亮度。例如，当黑电压偏差ΔV2属于图11所示的黑余量BS时，块BL显示黑色图像。此外，当白电压偏差ΔV1属于图11所示的白余量WS时，块BL显示白色图像。
如图11所示，由于TN模式的V-T曲线具有相对较大的黑余量BS，所以即使发生如图14所示的黑电压偏差ΔV2，也不发生图像失真，并且块BL可以显示黑色。
然而，由于白余量WS比黑余量BS窄得多，所以白电压偏差ΔV1可能偏离白余量WS。特别地，如图12所示，在与白色图像和黑色图像之间的边界相邻的位置处显示白色的块BL由于施加至相邻块BL的高电位电压VDD的影响而具有较大的电压上升。因此，存在应显示白色的块BL显示灰色的问题。
与该比较例相反，根据本发明的一个实施方式的确保光阀面板的白余量WS的操作如下。
图15是示出当与参考公共电压RVCOM相比、公共电压VCOM的电压幅度升高了调制电压MV时TN模式的V-T特性曲线的图。图16是用于说明根据本发明的一个实施方式的通过公共电压补偿下电极的电压降的原理的示意图。
参照图15和图16，本发明的V-T特性曲线如下。
当光阀数据电压LVData为正时，公共电压VCOM具有比参考公共电压RVCOM高调制电压MV的值。
当上电极203的电压变高时，下电极215与上电极203之间的电压差变得更小，V-T特性曲线的一部分向左方移动。例如，如图16所示，其中与参考公共电压RVCOM的差电压V为V1的块BL的电压电平成为其中与公共电压VCOM的差电压V为V2的块BL的电压电平。当在V-T特性曲线中公共电压VCOM关于参考公共电压RVCOM上升了调制电压MV时，其中差电压V小于调制电压MV的幅值的第一部分A1中的差电压V变为负(-)电压。因此，当上电极203的电压上升了调制电压MV的幅值时，属于下电极215中的第一部分A1的V-T特性曲线属于了属于第二部分A2的V-T特性曲线。也就是说，当差电压V为V1时，由于偏离白余量WS而可能发生图像失真。然而，当公共电压VCOM如本发明那样上升时，由于它属于相反极性区域的白余量范围，所以不发生图像失真。
当上电极203的电压上升了调制电压MV的幅值时，下电极215与上电极203之间的差电压V的最大值变为通过从高电位电压VDD减去调制电压MV获得的值。因此，当上电极203的电压上升了调制电压MV的幅值时，排除第三部分A3的V-T特性曲线。
因此，当上电极203的电压上升了调制电压MV的幅值时，正光阀数据电压VLData的V-T特性曲线属于第四部分A4。
当光阀数据电压LVData为负时，公共电压VCOM具有比参考公共电压RVCOM低调制电压MV的电压。
当上电极203的电压降低时，随着下电极215与上电极203之间的电压差变得越小，V-T特性曲线的一部分向右方移动。特别地，当在V-T特性曲线中公共电压VCOM关于参考公共电压RVCOM降低调制电压MV时，其中差电压V小于调制电压MV的幅值的第二部分A2的差电压V变为正(+)电压。因此，当上电极203的电压降低调制电压MV的幅值时，属于下电极215中的第二部分A2的V-T特性曲线属于了属于第一部分A1的V-T特性曲线。
当上电极203的电压为减小调制电压MV的幅值的值时，下电极215与上电极203之间的差电压V的最大值是通过将调制电压MV加到低电位电压GND而获得的值。因此，当上电极203的电压下降调制电压MV的幅值时，排除第五部分A5的V-T特性曲线。
因此，当上电极203的电压下降调制电压MV的幅值时，负光阀数据电压LVData的V-T特性曲线属于第六部分A6。
因此，正光阀数据电压LVData和负光阀数据电压LVData的V-T特性曲线分别属于第四部分A4和第六部分A6。白余量WS从参考公共电压RVCOM增加调制电压MV的幅值。在本发明的光阀面板PNL2中，由于公共电压VCOM以与光阀数据电压LVData相同的相位摆动，所以能够确保白余量WS。因此，可以改善由于白余量不足而显示白色图像的块BL中图像缺陷的发生。
同时，在本发明的光阀数据电压LVData中，黑余量BS减小。然而，由于黑余量BS的宽度远大于(considerably larger)白余量WS的宽度，所以罕见的是，即使黑余量BS减小，差电压V也偏离黑余量BS。此外，即使由块BL显示的黑色图像由于与黑余量BS的偏离而失真，由于块BL在视觉上不可察觉，所以用于加宽白余量WS的补偿条件是可以的。
在本发明的光阀面板PNL2中白余量WS增加的程度与公共电压VCOM的调制电压MV成比例。调制电压MV的幅值被设定为在白色图像显示时段内不发生反转的程度。当调制电压MV的幅值大于白余量的电压电平宽度时，其偏离V-T特性曲线的相反极性区域中的白余量。因此，参照参考公共电压RVCOM，将调制电压MV的幅值设定为等于或小于V-T特性曲线中的白余量的电压宽度。可以在光阀面板的设计过程期间计算白余量，并且可以基于此来确定调制电压MV的幅值。
虽然已经参照其多个说明性实施方式描述了实施方式，但是应当理解，本领域技术人员可以设计出许多其他修改方式和实施方式，这些修改方式和实施方式将落在本公开内容的原理的范围内。更具体地，在本公开内容、附图和所附权利要求的范围内，在组成部分和/或主题组合布置中的各种变型和修改是可以的。除了在组成部分和/或布置的变型和修改之外，替代用途对于本领域技术人员来说也是明显的。

Claims (8)

1.一种光阀面板，包括：
液晶层；
第一电极，其通过光阀数据线接收光阀数据电压；
第二电极，其面对所述第一电极并且接收公共电压，在所述第一电极与所述第二电极之间插入有所述液晶层；以及
提供所述光阀数据电压的光阀数据线，
其中，所述公共电压与所述光阀数据电压同步以相同的相位摆动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光阀面板，其中，所述光阀数据电压在高于参考公共电压的电压电平的正电压与低于所述参考公共电压的电压电平的负电压之间摆动，并且
其中，所述公共电压关于所述参考公共电压以调制电压的预定幅度摆动。
3.根据权利要求2所述的光阀面板，其中，所述调制电压的幅值不大于所述液晶层的电压-透光率特性曲线中的白余量。
4.根据权利要求1所述的光阀面板，其中，所述第二电极由单个电极层制成，并且通过渐变方法分配通过所述光阀数据线施加的所述光阀数据电压。
5.一种液晶显示装置，包括：
其上布置有像素的显示面板，输入图像施加至所述像素；
使光照射在所述显示面板上的背光单元；以及
光阀面板，所述光阀面板设置在所述显示面板与所述背光单元之间，并且所述光阀面板根据所述输入图像调整来自所述背光单元的光的量，
其中，所述光阀面板包括：
液晶层；
通过光阀数据线接收光阀数据电压的第一电极；以及
第二电极，其面对所述第一电极并且接收与所述光阀数据电压同步以相同的相位摆动的公共电压，在所述第一电极与所述第二电极之间插入有所述液晶层。
6.根据权利要求5所述的液晶显示装置，还包括驱动单元，
其中，所述驱动单元控制所述光阀数据电压在高于参考公共电压的电压电平的正电压与低于所述参考公共电压的电压电平的负电压之间摆动，并且
其中，所述公共电压关于所述参考公共电压以调制电压的预定幅度摆动。
7.根据权利要求6所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述驱动单元控制所述调制电压的幅值不大于所述液晶层的电压-透光率特性曲线中的白余量。
8.根据权利要求5所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第二电极由单个电极层制成，并且通过渐变方法分配通过所述光阀数据线施加的所述光阀数据电压。
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