CN107446725B - Oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0021—Dye-stain or dye-transfer inhibiting compositions
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- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser and a preparation method and application thereof. The oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-70 parts of first fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, 2-30 parts of second fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether salt, 1-30 parts of polyoxyethylene fatty group quaternary ammonium salt, 1-10 parts of cosurfactant, 10-30 parts of solvent and 10-60 parts of water. The deoiling agent can rapidly deoil and prevent oil from being rewound, solves the defect that microemulsion is not resistant to water dilution, and can exert the advantage of rapid deoiling at very low concentration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser, a preparation method of the degreaser and application of the degreaser in a textile pretreatment degreasing process, and the degreaser is particularly suitable for a textile pretreatment rapid degreasing process and is resistant to oil rewet.
Background
During the spinning and weaving process, some greasy dirt (engine oil, etc.) can be always adhered on the cloth cover or the textile fiber; in addition, textile fibers are also prone to staining with oil during storage and transportation. In order to ensure the subsequent dyeing performance and prevent colored flower, color lake, silicone oil spot and the like, the fabric needs to be pretreated before dyeing to remove oil agent and oil stain on the cloth surface.
The methods for removing oil agent and oil stain mainly comprise two methods: (1) and (4) a dissolving method. The fabric is soaked with certain organic solvents. In the past, some dye factories commonly use some volatile solvents (such as fragrant coke water, benzene and derivatives, trichloroethylene and the like) and soap to prepare cleaning agents, and the surfaces of fabrics are stained and washed by small brushes; (2) and (4) a washing method. The method can effectively remove large-area spinning oil and realize industrial application, but needs to use high-efficiency washing auxiliary agent. According to the principle of washing, during washing, a detergent and dirt, dirt and solid are physically reacted (wetting, penetrating, emulsifying, etc.) to cause the dirt to be detached from the surface of the solid by mechanical force, and the detached dirt and surfactant form a stable oil-in-water emulsion which is uniformly dispersed in a medium and removed.
In the pretreatment process of the fabric, chemical solvent oil removal is the most effective oil removal mode, the oil stain dissolving speed is high, but the solvent consumption is large, and the solvent is high in toxicity, flammable and explosive and is limited in use.
At present, a water-based oil removing agent is becoming the mainstream of the market, the oil removing agent is mainly compounded by a surfactant and various auxiliaries, oil stain is removed by utilizing the cleaning action of the surfactant, the aim of removing oil is fulfilled by needing stronger mechanical stirring action, and the oil removing efficiency is relatively low.
The microemulsion is a transparent or semitransparent dispersion system which is formed spontaneously by oil, water, a surfactant and a cosurfactant under certain conditions and has stable thermodynamics, isotropy and low viscosity, and the particle size is between 1 and 100 nm. The microemulsion can be mixed with oil and water, and can greatly reduce oil-water interfacial tension, especially middle-phase microemulsion, which can reach 10-3mN/m, sometimes even negative. Therefore, the microemulsion degreaser has self-emulsifying function, namely, in the cleaning process, oil-water two phases can be automatically mixed into emulsion only by depending on the emulsifying capacity of the emulsifier under the external energy input condition of a small amount of mechanical energy (such as slight stirring or shaking), and simultaneously, the advantage of quick oil stain desorption of a small amount of solvent is combined, so that the aim of quickly removing oil is fulfilled. Compared with the conventional degreaser, the microemulsion degreaser has the advantages of both the solvent and the surfactant, and effectively reduces the dosage of the solvent, so that the solvent can stably exist in the formula, the oil dissolving effect of the solvent can be effectively exerted, and the microemulsion degreaser is more efficient and saves more energy.
The biggest disadvantage of the currently used microemulsions is that they are not dilution resistant and require high surfactant concentrations to form stable microemulsions, which increases the cost of their application. Therefore, it is urgent to overcome the disadvantage that the microemulsion is not resistant to water dilution and to provide the advantage of rapid oil removal at very low concentrations.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the existing microemulsion is not resistant to water dilution and provides an oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser for pretreatment of fabrics.
Therefore, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser for the pretreatment of fabrics comprises the following components in parts by mass:
the structural general formula of the first fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether is as follows:
in the formula, R1Is a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group containing 8 to 16 carbon atoms, a is 5 to 8, b is 1 to 4, and a + b is less than or equal to 10;
the structural general formula of the second fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether salt is as follows:
in the formula, R2Is a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group containing 8 to 16 carbon atoms, c is 5 to 8, d is 1 to 3, and c + d is less than or equal to 10; x is an ionic group and is-SO3Na、-CH2COONa or-PO3Na；
The structural general formula of the polyoxyethylene fatty group quaternary ammonium salt is as follows:
in the formula, R3Is a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group having 8 to 16 carbon atoms, and e is 1 to 8.
Preferably, R1Is a saturated aliphatic radical having 8 or 13 carbon atoms, a is 6 and b is 1 or 2.
Preferably, R2Is a saturated aliphatic radical having 8 or 12 to 14 carbon atoms, c is 6 and d is 1.
Preferably, R3Is a saturated aliphatic group containing 12 to 14 carbon atoms, and e is 3 or 5.
Preferably, the solvent is used as the oil phase of the oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser and is selected from one of ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, triethylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, n-butane, trichloromethane, dichloromethane, petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride, 1-methyl-4-cyclohexene and kerosene.
Preferably, the cosurfactant is selected from one of n-butanol, isobutanol and n-pentanol.
Most preferably, the solvent is ethylene glycol butyl ether and the co-surfactant is isobutanol.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser, which is to uniformly mix the selected first fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, the second fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether salt, the polyoxyethylene fatty quaternary ammonium salt, the solvent and the cosurfactant, and gradually dilute the mixture with water to obtain the oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser.
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the application of the oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser in the degreasing process before spinning, and the specific processing process is as follows: adding 0.25-10g/L oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser and 0-20g/L sodium carbonate, heating the working solution to 80-100 ℃, allowing the woven fabric to pass through a working solution tank at a speed of 25-40m/min, and then washing with water.
According to the invention, the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether salt is added to improve the high temperature resistance and saline-alkali resistance of the microemulsion degreaser, and a small amount of anionic surfactant is added to further improve the stability of the microemulsion through electrostatic repulsion; the polyoxyethylene fatty quaternary ammonium salt with ethoxy groups is used as a cationic surfactant, and can stably coexist with an anionic surfactant in an aqueous solution, the addition of a small amount of the cationic surfactant and static neutralization can effectively regulate and control the interfacial tension of the aqueous solution to achieve ultra-low interfacial tension, and the formed mixed interfacial molecular film can effectively stabilize an oil-soluble solvent at low concentration, so that the microemulsion is resistant to water dilution.
According to the invention, by introducing the application of the microemulsion degreaser formula in the fabric degreasing process, water-soluble stains and oil-soluble oil stains can be quickly removed, the degreasing time and the mechanical stirring strength required by degreasing can be saved, oil re-adhesion is prevented, the novel trend of energy conservation and emission reduction is adapted, and the microemulsion degreaser has a wide application prospect in the textile printing and dyeing industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of oil removal data for oil-in-water microemulsion degreasers obtained in accordance with examples of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Examples 1 to 7
The degreaser raw material formula is prepared according to the table I, and the unit is mass percent.
The preparation process of the embodiment is as follows: the first fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, the second fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether salt, the polyoxyethylene fatty quaternary ammonium salt, the isobutanol and the ethylene glycol butyl ether are uniformly mixed, the oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser can be obtained by gradual water dilution, and finally the degreaser is gradually diluted into 0.25-10g/L working solution to be applied to a quick deoiling process.
Table one: raw material formula
The oil removal data for the degreaser prepared according to the formulation of example 1 is shown in figure 1. The method for testing and evaluating the oil removal rate comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of tarpaulin
Firstly, mixing an oiling agent and dichloromethane according to a mass ratio of 1:9, cutting a test fabric into a square sample with the length of 15 cm, then putting the test fabric into the oiling agent mixed solution, soaking for 1 hour, taking out, drying for 48 hours at 70 ℃, and finally, shaping at a high temperature on a shaping machine, wherein the shaping temperature is 170 ℃. The effect of high temperature setting is to simulate the heat treatment that the finish undergoes during the pre-setting process on the fabric.
(2) Oil removing process
The oil removing working solution comprises: the degreasing agent prepared from the raw materials in the table I is 2 g/L. The oil removing step comprises the following steps: and (2) putting the tarpaulin obtained in the step (1) into oil removal working solution at room temperature, heating to 90-95 ℃ at the heating rate of 4-5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10 min, washing with cold water, dehydrating and airing.
According to the conditions of the steps, the concentration of the working solution is changed, and the diluted degreaser is as follows: 0.25g/L, 0.5g/L, 1.0g/L, 1.5g/L, 0g/L in FIG. 1 is a blank.
(3) Evaluation of oil removal results
And (3) calculating the deoiling rate through the weight loss of the deoiling process oil in the step (2). Weighing square woven fabric and recording data W1W is weighed after oiling, drying and high-temperature shaping2Washing and drying after oil removing process, weighing W3. The oil removal rate formula is as follows:
the oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser has the beneficial effects that:
1. the oil removing agent has good capability of removing water-soluble stains and oil-soluble oil stains, has strong oil removing capability at the oil removing capability of more than 1.5g/L as shown in figure 1, and has the oil removing rate of more than 80 percent;
2. can adapt to a quick deoiling process and prevent oil from being rewound.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several changes, improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these changes, improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass:
the structural general formula of the first fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether is as follows:
in the formula, R1Is a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group containing 8 to 16 carbon atoms, a is 5 to 8, b is 1 to 4, and a + b is less than or equal to 10;
the structural general formula of the second fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether salt is as follows:
in the formula, R2Is a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group containing 8 to 16 carbon atoms, c is 5 to 8, d is 1 to 3, and c + d is less than or equal to 10; x is an ionic group which is-SO3Na、-CH2COONa or-PO3Na；
The structural general formula of the polyoxyethylene fatty group quaternary ammonium salt is as follows:
in the formula, R3Is a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group containing 8 to 16 carbon atoms, e is 1 to 8;
the solvent is used as an oil phase of the oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser and is selected from one of ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, triethylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, n-butane, trichloromethane, dichloromethane, petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride, 1-methyl-4-cyclohexene and kerosene;
the cosurfactant is selected from one of n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol and n-amyl alcohol.
2. The oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser of claim 1 wherein R is1Is a saturated aliphatic radical having 8 or 13 carbon atoms, a is 6 and b is 1 or 2.
3. The oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser of claim 1 wherein R is2Is a saturated aliphatic radical having 8 or 12 to 14 carbon atoms, c is 6 and d is 1.
4. The oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser of claim 1 wherein R is3Is a saturated aliphatic group containing 12 to 14 carbon atoms, and e is 3 or 5.
5. The oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser of claim 1 wherein the solvent is ethylene glycol butyl ether and the co-surfactant is isobutanol.
6. The method of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the selected first fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, second fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether salt, polyoxyethylene fatty quaternary ammonium salt, solvent and co-surfactant are mixed uniformly and gradually diluted with water to obtain the oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser.
7. The application of the degreaser prepared by the preparation method in the degreasing process before spinning, which is characterized in that 0.25-10g/L of oil-in-water microemulsion degreaser and 0-20g/L of soda ash are added, the temperature of the working solution is raised to 80-100 ℃, and woven fabrics pass through the working solution tank at the speed of 25-40m/min and then are washed by water.
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| CN111484061B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2022-11-15 | 贺州学院 | Preparation method of cubic ultrafine calcium carbonate |
| CN112795439A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-05-14 | 黑龙江边外香农业有限责任公司 | Efficient deoiling agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN113122401B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-02-11 | 江苏雪豹日化有限公司 | Oil-in-water microemulsion cleaning agent capable of being infinitely diluted by water and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102191144A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-21 | 上海和黄白猫有限公司 | Microemulsion spraying agent |
| CN104194971A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-12-10 | 深圳市唯特偶新材料股份有限公司 | Micro-emulsion cleaning agent for welding jigs |
| CN105238578A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-13 | 深圳市新纶科技股份有限公司 | Microemulsion type cleaning agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102191144A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-21 | 上海和黄白猫有限公司 | Microemulsion spraying agent |
| CN104194971A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-12-10 | 深圳市唯特偶新材料股份有限公司 | Micro-emulsion cleaning agent for welding jigs |
| CN105238578A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-13 | 深圳市新纶科技股份有限公司 | Microemulsion type cleaning agent and preparation method thereof |
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