CN107432787A - 一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107432787A CN107432787A CN201610361599.0A CN201610361599A CN107432787A CN 107432787 A CN107432787 A CN 107432787A CN 201610361599 A CN201610361599 A CN 201610361599A CN 107432787 A CN107432787 A CN 107432787A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种可应用于医用包扎材料、卫生垫、卫生巾、纸尿裤的生物抗菌吸水卫生材料及制备方法。由上至下依次叠层设置抗菌透液性面层、抗菌功能性吸收芯、不透液性底层，所述抗菌透液性面层为单层或双层生物抗菌剂整理过的无纺布，生物抗菌剂为ε‑聚赖氨酸和/或ε‑聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、纳他霉素、nisin(乳酸链球菌素)中的一种或几种；抗菌性吸收芯中包括：生物杀菌剂为ε‑聚赖氨酸、ε‑聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、纳他霉素、nisin中的一种或几种混合物，高分子吸水剂，绒毛浆，植物提取物；背层为微孔透气薄膜。本生物抗菌吸水卫生材料具有抗菌持久性好、抑菌谱广、生物安全性高、反渗率低的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可应用于医用包扎材料、卫生垫、卫生巾、纸尿裤的生物抗菌吸水卫生材料及制备方法。
背景技术
吸水卫生材料如创伤止血材料、卫生垫、卫生巾、纸尿裤广泛应用于病人、妇女、婴幼儿和失能人群。由于吸水卫生材料与皮肤直接接触，且吸收体液后易成为细菌大肆滋生的“培养基”，从而造成微生物数量爆发性增长。虽然吸水卫生材料通过杀菌或在产品表面进行抗菌处理，可以使产品在使用前符合微生物指标控制要求，但在使用后微生物可在短时间内超标，进而对人体健康产生一定威胁。
通过检索，发现与本专利申请相关的公开文献主要有：
2014年01月15日由中国专利局公告了“壳聚糖纳米纤维止血材料及其制备方法”，公开号为CN103505758A，所述壳聚糖纳米纤维止血材料为核-壳型纳米纤维，其中壳聚糖形成纳米纤维的壳，聚乙烯醇形成纳米纤维的核，核-壳型纳米纤维的直径在100nm-20μm；壳聚糖的分子量为50000-1500000，脱乙酰度为50％-100％，聚乙烯醇的分子量为5000-200000；按照如下重量份数比：30-100份的壳聚糖，0-70份的聚乙烯醇，且壳聚糖与聚乙烯醇重量份数相同。但壳聚糖抑菌活性较差且易受外界环境因素影响，限制了其实际使用效果，且采用静电纺丝技术，生产效率低，难以规模化生产。
2013年02月26日由中国专利局公告了“一种抗菌卫生巾”，公开号为CN 102908229A，其特征是：透液性顶层与吸收芯之间设有抗菌芯片；所述抗菌芯片包括上隔离层，下隔离层和均匀撒布在上下隔离层间的抗菌层。抗菌层包括绒毛浆和抗菌粉，所述的抗菌粉主要成分为茶多酚、壳聚糖、赋形剂和pH调节剂，所述抗菌粉经湿法制粒成颗粒状固体。但壳聚糖抑菌活性较差且易受外界环境因素影响，限制了其实际使用效果。
2013年05月22日由中国专利局公告了“抗菌织物布面卫生巾”，公开号为CN 103110478A，其特征是：表面层采用纤维织物，该纤维织物是经过如下至少一种织物整理剂整理的：织物抗菌整理剂、织物吸湿快干整理剂、织物凉感整理剂。所述织物抗菌整理剂包括：有机类的织物抗菌整理剂、天然甲壳素-壳聚糖织物抗菌整理剂等具有织物抗菌功能的整理剂。该发明采用的是表层抗菌整理，除天然甲壳素-壳聚糖外未明确有机类抗菌整理剂有效成分。
2016年01月06日由中国专利局公告了“一种以抗菌高吸水复合材料为吸收芯体的卫生巾”，公开号为CN 103110478A，其特征是：吸收芯体的结构从内到外依次为抗菌高吸水复合材料、高吸水纸袋、无尘纸，所述抗菌高吸水复合材料被所述高吸水纸袋完全封装，所述高吸水纸袋又被所述无尘纸封装。其抗菌材料为高吸水抗菌纤维，但未指明是何种高吸水抗菌纤维。
2015年07月22日由中国专利局公告了“一种抗菌卫生巾的制作方法”，公开号为CN104783966A，其特征是：使用竹纤维、棉纤维及构树木浆制成内芯；使用构树纤维制成卫生纸；使用竹纤维、棉纤维及构树纤维制成抗菌无纺布；所有贴身材料均由天然原料制成，不会对皮肤造成任何损伤；同时加入竹纤维和构树纤维可以起到良好的抗菌作用。其抗菌活性成分为竹纤维和构树纤维虽然为纯天然成分，但抑菌活性低，不适用于长期使用。
2015年05月27日由中国专利局公告了“一种抗菌除臭纸尿裤及其制备方法”，公开号为CN104645406A，其特征是：透液性面层包括以下重量份的各原料：聚乙烯120～130重量份、纳米银粉12～18重量份、聚乙烯蜡3～7重量份，所述功能性吸收芯包括以下重量份的各原料：纳米二氧化硅空心球50～72重量份、微粉硅胶20～31重量份、玉米粉41～47重量份、薰衣草精油8～12重量份、丁香12～15重量份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮10～17重量份、绒毛浆100～120重量份、高吸水性树脂26～37重量份。其采用纳米银粉作为透液面层的抗菌活性材料，但纳米银粉仅作为透液面层的抗菌活性材料，对于芯材基本没有抗菌活性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料及制备方法。为达到上述目的，本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料及制备方法，包括由上至下依次叠层设置的抗菌透液性面层、抗菌功能性吸收芯、不透液性底层，所述抗菌透液性面层为单层或双层生物抗菌剂整理过的无纺布，生物抗菌剂为ε-聚赖氨酸和/或ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、纳他霉素、nisin(乳酸链球菌素)中的一种或几种，生物抗菌剂用量为透液性面层无纺布质量的0.1-0.5‰，生物抗菌剂整理过的无纺布压制纵向或网格型导流槽，无纺布为开孔ES(Ethylene-Propylene Side By Side)或PP(聚丙烯)热风或热轧非织造布或非织造布生物纤维素复合膜，孔面积0.05-0.2mm2，开孔率8-20％；抗菌性吸收芯包括以下原料：生物杀菌剂为ε-聚赖氨酸、ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、纳他霉素、nisin中的一种或几种混合物，质量比占芯材的0.1-0.5％；高分子吸水剂为高吸水性树脂和γ-聚谷氨酸中的一种或两种混合物，质量比占芯材的20-55％；绒毛浆质量比占芯材的43.5-80％、植物提取物为薄荷脑、玫瑰精油、茉莉花精油、薰衣草精油中的一种或几种混合物，质量比为芯材的0-1％；背层为微孔透气薄膜。
一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料的制备方法，包括透液性面层及功能性吸收芯的制备，所述抗菌透液性面层的制备方法为：向无纺布表面喷涂由ε-聚赖氨酸和/或ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、纳他霉素、nisin中的一种或几种组成的溶液，生物抗菌剂用量为透液性面层无纺布质量的0.1-0.5‰，将单层或双层喷涂抗菌剂后的开孔无纺布压制纵向或网格型导流槽，总开孔面积为透液性面层面积的8-20％，再根据产品形状要求进行切分即得到抗菌透液性面层；抗菌功能性吸收芯的制备方法为先将质量比占芯材的0.1-0.5％的生物杀菌剂ε-聚赖氨酸、ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、纳他霉素、nisin中的一种或几种混合物，质量比占芯材20-55％的高吸水性树脂和/或γ-聚谷氨酸中的一种或两种混合物，质量比占芯材的43.5-80％绒毛浆混合均匀，如有必要再将植物提取物与混合好的生物抗菌剂、高分子吸水剂和绒毛浆进行混合，植物提取物为薄荷脑、玫瑰精油、茉莉花精油、薰衣草精油中的一种或几种混合物，质量比为芯材的0-1％，将混合好的功能性吸收性材料压制成型，也可根据产品形状要求再进行进一步切割，将制备好的抗菌功能性吸收芯上下分别覆盖抗菌透液性面层和微孔透气薄膜底层，压实粘合成型。
通过采用前述技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：本发明生物抗菌吸水卫生材料，包括由上至下依次叠层设置抗菌透液性面层、抗菌功能性吸收芯、不透液性底层，所述透液性面层包括生物抗菌剂为食品级ε-聚赖氨酸或ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、纳他霉素、nisin中的一种或几种(纳他霉素和nisin不单独使用)，生物抗菌剂用量为透液性面层无纺布质量的0.1-0.5‰，食品级生物抗菌剂具有良好的抗菌活性，对于细菌真菌具有良好抗菌效果，抑菌谱广，无过敏性，具有极高的生物安全性，生物抗菌剂整理过的无纺布压制纵向或网格型导流槽，无纺布为开孔ES或PP热风或热轧非织造布或非织造布生物纤维素复合膜，孔面积0.05-0.2mm2，开孔率8-20％，合适的导流槽、开孔率和孔面积及非织造布生物纤维素复合膜保证了液体的快速均匀吸收和低反渗率，使表面干爽；所述抗菌功能性吸收芯包括以下重量份的各原料：生物杀菌剂为ε-聚赖氨酸、ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、纳他霉素、nisin中的一种或几种混合物(纳他霉素和nisin不单独使用)，质量比占芯材的0.1-0.5％，高分子吸水剂为高吸水性树脂和γ-聚谷氨酸中的一种或两种混合物，质量比占芯材的20-55％，绒毛浆质量比占芯材的43.5-80％，植物提取物为薄荷脑、玫瑰精油、茉莉花精油、薰衣草精油中的一种或几种混合物，质量比为芯材的0-1％，质量比0.1-0.5％生物杀菌剂保证了材料吸水10倍后任有长时间良好的抗菌活性、安全性和经济性，高分子吸水剂为高吸水性树脂和γ-聚谷氨酸保证了产品良好的吸水性，理论可以保证吸附产品质量100倍以上的液体，植物提取物可以为产品提供令人愉悦的芳香气味。
附图表示本发明一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料特定的实施方式，不仅包括发明的不可或缺的结构，而且也包括可选的以及优选的实施方式。
附图说明
图1是一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料剖面图
图2是PP-生物纤维素-生物纤维素-PP夹心结构抗菌透液性面层剖面图
附图标记说明
1、抗菌透液性面层；2、抗菌功能性吸收芯；3、不透液性底层；
a、抗菌透液性面层双层非织造布生物纤维素复合膜上层PP部分；b、抗菌透液性面层双层非织造布生物纤维素复合膜上层生物纤维素部分；c、抗菌透液性面层双层非织造布生物纤维素复合膜下层生物纤维素部分；d、抗菌透液性面层双层非织造布生物纤维素复合膜下层PP部分。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施例来详细说明本发明的实施方式，借此对本发明如何应用技术手段来解决技术问题，并达成技术效果的实现过程能充分理解并据以实施。
若未特别指明，实施例中所采用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段，所采用的试剂和产品也均为可商业获得的。所用试剂的来源、商品名以及有必要列出其组成成分者，均在首次出现时标明。
实施例一
一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料，包括由上至下依次叠层设置的抗菌透液性面层、抗菌功能性吸收芯、不透液性底层(图1)，所述抗菌透液性面层为单层生物抗菌剂整理过的无纺布，生物抗菌剂为透液性面层无纺布质量0.1‰的ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐，生物抗菌剂整理过的无纺布压制纵向导流槽，无纺布为开孔ES热风非织造布，孔面积0.05mm2，开孔率8％，抗菌性吸收芯包括质量比占芯材0.1％的ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐，质量比占芯材20％的高吸水性树脂，绒毛浆质量比占芯材的78.9％、植物提取物为薄荷脑，质量比为芯材的1％，背层为微孔透气薄膜。
一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料的制备方法，包括抗菌透液性面层及抗菌功能性吸收芯的制备，所述抗菌透液性面层的制备方法为：向无纺布表面喷涂ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐，用量为透液性面层无纺布质量的0.1‰，将单层层喷涂抗菌剂后的无纺布压制纵向导流槽，无纺布为开孔ES热风非织造布，孔面积0.05mm2，开孔率8％，再根据产品形状要求进行切分即得到抗菌透液性面层；抗菌功能性吸收芯的制备方法为先将质量比占芯材的0.1％的生物杀菌剂ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐，质量比占芯材20％的高吸水性树脂，质量比占芯材78.9％的绒毛浆混合均匀，再将质量比为芯材1％的薄荷脑植物提取物与混合好的生物抗菌剂、高分子吸水剂和绒毛浆进行混合，将混合好的功能性吸收性材料压制成型，也可根据产品形状要求再进行进一步切割；将制备好的抗菌功能性吸收芯上下分别覆盖抗菌透液性面层和微孔透气薄膜底层，压实粘合成型。
实施例二
一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料，包括由上至下依次叠层设置的抗菌透液性面层、抗菌功能性吸收芯、不透液性底层(图1)，所述抗菌透液性面层为双层生物抗菌剂整理过的无纺布，生物抗菌剂为透液性面层无纺布质量0.3‰的ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐和0.1‰的纳他霉素，生物抗菌剂整理过的无纺布压制网格状导流槽，无纺布为开孔PP热轧非织造布，孔面积0.2mm2，开孔率20％，抗菌性吸收芯包括质量比占芯材0.3％的ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐和0.1％的纳他霉素，质量比占芯材30％的高吸水性树脂和质量比占芯材25％的γ-聚谷氨酸，绒毛浆质量比占芯材的44.6％、背层为微孔透气薄膜。
一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料的制备方法，包括抗菌透液性面层及抗菌功能性吸收芯的制备，所述抗菌透液性面层的制备方法为：向无纺布表面喷涂ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐和纳他霉素，ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐用量为透液性面层无纺布质量的0.3‰，纳他霉素用量为透液性面层无纺布质量的0.1‰，将双层喷涂抗菌剂后的无纺布压制网格状导流槽，无纺布为开孔PP热轧非织造布，孔面积0.2mm2，开孔率20％，再根据产品形状要求进行切分即得到抗菌透液性面层；抗菌功能性吸收芯的制备方法为将质量比占芯材的0.3％的生物杀菌剂ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐和0.1％的纳他霉素、质量比占芯材30％的高吸水性树脂和质量比占芯材25％的γ-聚谷氨酸，质量比占芯材44.6％的绒毛浆混合均匀，将混合好的功能性吸收性材料压制成型，也可根据产品形状要求再进行进一步切割；将制备好的抗菌功能性吸收芯上下分别覆盖抗菌透液性面层和微孔透气薄膜底层，压实粘合成型。
实施例三
一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料，包括由上至下依次叠层设置的抗菌透液性面层、抗菌功能性吸收芯、不透液性底层(图1)，所述抗菌透液性面层为生物抗菌剂整理过的单层无纺布，生物抗菌剂为占透液性面层无纺布质量0.2‰的ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、0.1‰的ε-聚赖氨酸，0.1‰的nisin和0.1‰的纳他霉素，生物抗菌剂整理过的无纺布压制纵向导流槽，无纺布为开孔ES热风无纺布生物纤维素复合膜，表层为ES材质，底层为生物纤维素材质，ES生物纤维素复合膜可增强抗菌透液性面层的柔韧性和吸水性，孔面积0.1mm2，开孔率10％，抗菌性吸收芯包括质量比占芯材0.2％的ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、0.1％的ε.聚赖氨酸，0.1％的nisin和0.1％的纳他霉素，质量比占芯材25％的高吸水性树脂，绒毛浆质量比占芯材的73.5％、植物提取物为质量比为芯材的0.5％玫瑰精油和0.5％薰衣草精油，背层为微孔透气薄膜。
一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料的制备方法，包括抗菌透液性面层及抗菌功能性吸收芯的制备，所述抗菌透液性面层的制备方法为：向无纺布表面喷涂占透液性面层无纺布质量0.2‰的ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、0.1‰的ε-聚赖氨酸，0.1‰的nisin和0.1‰的纳他霉素，将单层层喷涂抗菌剂后的无纺布压制纵向导流槽，无纺布为ES热风无纺布生物纤维素复合膜，孔面积0.1mm2，开孔率10％，再根据产品形状要求进行切分即得到抗菌透液性面层；抗菌功能性吸收芯的制备方法为先将质量比占芯材0.2％的ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、0.1％的ε-聚赖氨酸，0.1％的nisin和0.1％的纳他霉素，占芯材质量比25％的高吸水性树脂，占芯材质量比73.5％的绒毛浆混合均匀，再与质量比为芯材的0.5％玫瑰精油和0.5％薰衣草精油混合均匀，将混合好的功能性吸收性材料压制成型，也可根据产品形状要求再进行进一步切割；将制备好的抗菌功能性吸收芯上下分别覆盖抗菌透液性面层和微孔透气薄膜底层，压实粘合成型。
实施例四
一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料，包括由上至下依次叠层设置的抗菌透液性面层、抗菌功能性吸收芯、不透液性底层(图1)，所述抗菌透液性面层为双层生物抗菌剂整理过的无纺布，生物抗菌剂为占透液性面层无纺布质量0.2‰的ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、0.2‰的nisin和0.1‰的纳他霉素，生物抗菌剂整理过的无纺布压制网格状导流槽，无纺布为双层开孔PP生物纤维素复合膜，孔面积0.1mm2，开孔率15％，抗菌性吸收芯包括质量比占芯材0.2％的ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、0.2％的nisin和0.1％的纳他霉素，质量比占芯材25％的γ-聚谷氨酸，绒毛浆质量比占芯材的74％、植物提取物为质量比为芯材的0.5％茉莉精油，背层为微孔透气薄膜。
一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料的制备方法，包括抗菌透液性面层及抗菌功能性吸收芯的制备，所述抗菌透液性面层的制备方法为：向无纺布表面喷涂占透液性面层无纺布质量0.2‰的ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、0.2‰的nisin和0.1‰的纳他霉素，将双层喷涂抗菌剂后的无纺布压制纵向导流槽，无纺布为双层开孔PE生物纤维素复合膜，复合膜表层为PP下层为生物纤维素层，双层复合膜以生物纤维素面接触放置，形成PP-生物纤维素-生物纤维素-PP夹心结构(见图2)，可有效提高吸水速率、降低反透性、孔面积0.1mm2，开孔率10％，再根据产品形状要求进行切分即得到抗菌透液性面层；抗菌功能性吸收芯的制备方法为先将质量比占芯材0.2％的ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、0.2％的nisin和0.1％的纳他霉素，占芯材质量比25％的γ-聚谷氨酸，占芯材质量比74％的绒毛浆混合均匀，再与质量比为芯材的0.5％茉莉精油混合均匀，将混合好的功能性吸收性材料压制成型，也可根据产品形状要求再进行进一步切割；将制备好的抗菌功能性吸收芯上下分别覆盖抗菌透液性面层和微孔透气薄膜底层，压实粘合成型。
采用本发明方法制备的生物抗菌吸水卫生材料采用食品级生物杀菌剂，杀菌效果好、抑菌谱广，稳定性高，可耐受高温蒸汽、环氧乙烷、电离辐射等多种整体灭菌方式，吸水性好、反渗率低。经测定产品对大肠杆菌、芽孢杆菌、霉菌等微生物24h杀菌率为100％，可用于医用卫生材料和日用吸水材料。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料，主体自上至下包括抗菌透液性面层、抗菌功能性吸收芯和不透液性底层，其特征在于：所述抗菌透液性面层为单层或双层生物抗菌剂整理过的无纺布。背层为微孔透气薄膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌透液性面层，其特征在于：所述抗菌透液性面层为单层或双层生物抗菌剂整理过的无纺布；生物抗菌剂为ε-聚赖氨酸和/或ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、纳他霉素、nisin(乳酸链球菌素)中的一种或几种，生物抗菌剂用量为透液性面层无纺布质量的0.1-0.5‰，生物抗菌剂整理过的无纺布压制纵向或网格型导流槽，无纺布为开孔ES(Ethylene-Propylene Side By Side)或PP(聚丙烯)热风或热轧非织造布或非织造布生物纤维素复合膜，孔面积0.05-0.2mm2，开孔率8-20％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌功能性吸收芯，其特征在于：抗菌功能性吸收芯包括以下重量份的各原料：生物杀菌剂为ε-聚赖氨酸、ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、纳他霉素、nisin中的一种或几种混合物，质量比占芯材的0.1-0.5％；高分子吸水剂为高吸水性树脂和γ-聚谷氨酸中的一种或两种混合物，质量比占芯材的20-55％；绒毛浆质量比占芯材的43.5-80％、植物提取物为薄荷脑、玫瑰精油、茉莉花精油、薰衣草精油中的一种或几种混合物，质量比为芯材的0-1％。
4.一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料的制备方法，包括抗菌透液性面层及抗菌功能性吸收芯的制备，其特征在于：所述抗菌透液性面层的制备方法为：向无纺布表面喷涂由ε-聚赖氨酸和/或ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、纳他霉素、nisin中的一种或几种组成的溶液，生物抗菌剂用量为透液性面层无纺布质量的0.1-0.5‰，将单层或双层喷涂抗菌剂后的开孔无纺布压制纵向或网格型导流槽，总开孔面积为透液性面层面积的8-20％，再根据产品形状要求进行切分即得到抗菌透液性面层。
5.一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料的制备方法，包括抗菌透液性面层及抗菌功能性吸收芯的制备，其特征在于：抗菌功能性吸收芯的制备方法为先将质量比占芯材的0.1-0.5％的生物杀菌剂ε-聚赖氨酸、ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐、纳他霉素、nisin中的一种或几种混合物，质量比占芯材20-55％的高吸水性树脂和/或γ-聚谷氨酸中的一种或两种混合物，质量比占芯材的43.5-80％绒毛浆混合均匀，如有必要再将植物提取物与混合好的生物抗菌剂、高分子吸水剂和绒毛浆进行混合，植物提取物为薄荷脑、玫瑰精油、茉莉花精油、薰衣草精油中的一种或几种混合物，质量比为芯材的0-1％，将混合好的功能性吸收性材料压制成型，也可根据产品形状要求再进行进一步切割。
6.一种生物抗菌吸水卫生材料的制备方法，其特征在于：将制备好的抗菌功能性吸收芯上下分别覆盖抗菌透液性面层和微孔透气薄膜底层，压实粘合成型。
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