CN107432169A - A kind of sponge soil texture of strong water conservation and water storage performance - Google Patents
A kind of sponge soil texture of strong water conservation and water storage performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN107432169A CN107432169A CN201710570393.3A CN201710570393A CN107432169A CN 107432169 A CN107432169 A CN 107432169A CN 201710570393 A CN201710570393 A CN 201710570393A CN 107432169 A CN107432169 A CN 107432169A
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- soil
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of strong water conservation and the sponge soil texture of water storage performance, the structure is at least made up of cushion, aquifer and water conservation layer；Cushion is located at bottom, is filled with the first filler in cushion, drainpipe is provided with the cushion that the first filler is made up of rubble, gangue；Aquifer is located at the top of cushion, is filled with the second filler in aquifer, the second filler is the stirring thing of agricultural wastes composting substrate and soil, and agricultural wastes composting substrate includes corn, rice straw and municipal sewage sludge；Water conservation layer is located at the top of aquifer, is filled with the 3rd filler in water conservation layer, the 3rd filler is the soil that with the addition of water-loss reducer.Degeneration and contaminated soil, particularly arid area soil can be repaired and improved using the present invention, the gas permeability of soil and moisture holding capacity after improvement can be greatly improved, and can effectively reduce the irrigation of later stage soil, realize high efficient utilization of water resources.Structure of the present invention, material are easy to get, degenerate and improvement of contaminated soil in terms of have very strong application value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil improvement and recovery technique field, it is related to the improving technology of contaminated soil and degenerated soil, especially
It is related to a kind of strong water conservation and the sponge soil texture of water storage performance, is rebuild suitable for degeneration or contaminated soil.
Background technology
Medium of the soil as plant growth, it is that plant growth be unable to do without, soil fertility is the core of soil, soil
Quality decides vegetation growth state.And because the strong influence of human activity, the physics of soil, chemical property are changed
Become, such as pH value is higher, the content of organic matter is low, available nutrient lacks, soil hardening.Wherein soil pollution and its physical property
Degeneration is normal growth that is the most universal, and having a strong impact on plant.The natural development level of soil disappears, soil depletion,
Soil texture is poor, the hardened characteristic feature with desertification and soil degradation of its soil body.And the water conservation and water-holding capacity of soil are entered
Row improvement, the water-retaining property and soil texture of soil can not only be strengthened, moreover it is possible to improve rainfall infiltration rate, reduce soil moisture and nutrient
Loss, it is final to promote rainfall and the efficient utilization of irrigation water, therefore to degenerating or contaminated soil carries out rationally improvement to ecology
Build and region social economy sustainable development has important practical significance and far-reaching significance.
Being discord for Human nature interaction is the basic reason aggravated soil pollution and degenerated.During soil degradation
Soil particle composition is also changed, and shows as coarse component increase, and fine fraction is reduced, and soil hardness increase, porosity becomes
Small, water retention in soil declines, and the aggregate quantity of water stability is reduced in soil.Sponge soil is built with water-loss reducer,
Not only retain water and nutrients, and soil water fat gas heat exchange can be adjusted, the formation of soil granular structure is helped lend some impetus to, and it is nontoxic
It is harmless, it is degradable in soil, it is valid up to 3~6 years, as soil remediation base material, makes soil that there is fine water retention property；
And the purpose of contaminated soil remediation and degenerated soil improvement can be reached.Simultaneously agricultural wastes composting substrate contain substantial amounts of phosphorus,
The nutrients such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, have the characteristics that specific surface area is big, surface energy is high, porosity is big, it can be produced after being manured into soil
Obvious physics and chemistry and biological yields, can improve soil environment, be advantageous to the growth of crop.
At present, contaminated soil or degenerated soil modification method have：Organic matter method, addition modifying agent and heavy metal pollution of soil etc. are added,
But do not consider to reconstruct the improvement that soil body cross-section structure carries out the difference in functionality in soil different levels the soil body, not only lack pin
To property, and it largely can't resolve soil pollution and degenerate problem.Therefore, utilized for soil different levels water resource
Feature construction sponge soil, propose that a kind of suitable pollution or degenerated soil improving technology are very important.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of strong water conservation and the sponge soil texture of water storage performance, and the structure is at least by cushion, storage
Water layer and water conservation layer composition；The cushion is located at bottom, and the first filler, first filling are filled with the cushion
Thing is made up of rubble, gangue；Drainpipe is provided with the cushion；The aquifer is located at the upper of the cushion
Side, is filled with the second filler in the aquifer, and second filler is stirring for agricultural wastes composting substrate and soil
Thing is mixed, the agricultural wastes composting substrate includes corn, rice straw and municipal sewage sludge；The water conservation layer is located at institute
The top of aquifer is stated, is filled with the 3rd filler in the water conservation layer, the 3rd filler is the soil that with the addition of water-loss reducer
Earth.
In the strong water conservation proposed by the present invention and the sponge soil texture of water storage performance, the soil thickness of the cushion
For 5~15 centimetres, the soil thickness of the aquifer is 10~15 centimetres, and the soil thickness of the water conservation layer is 10~15 lis
Rice.
In the strong water conservation proposed by the present invention and the sponge soil texture of water storage performance, second filler is by agriculture
Industry castoff compost matrix is with soil by weight 1:10~1:5 ratio, which stirs, to be mixed.
In the strong water conservation proposed by the present invention and the sponge soil texture of water storage performance, the soil of second filler
Unit weight is 0.8~1.1g/cm3；The soil weight of 3rd filler is 1.1~1.3g/cm3。
In the strong water conservation proposed by the present invention and the sponge soil texture of water storage performance, the quality of the addition water-loss reducer
For the 1~2% of water conservation layer soil body weight, the water-loss reducer includes polyglutamic acid resin γ-PGA.
In the strong water conservation proposed by the present invention and the sponge soil texture of water storage performance, the drainpipe is by punching ripple
Evenly distributed composition is managed, the pore diameter of the drainpipe is 1~3cm.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) water conservation and water storage performance of soil are effectively improved.After soil improvement, water conservation layer soil can drought-resistant water-preserving, improve
Soil moisture content and efficiency of water application, the soil weight is reduced, promotes the formation of soil granular structure, improved the water conservation of soil, protect
Wet performance, strengthen the gas permeability and water penetration of soil, prevent soil block；Simultaneously because the soil weight is low in aquifer, hole
Degree increase, improves soil infiltration capability, accelerates irrigation water or precipitation to quickly enter subsoil, it is excessive infiltrate precipitation by
PVC drain pipe is discharged, and discharges water reusable edible, not only reduces influence of the surface evaporation to soil moisture, moreover it is possible to improves water money
Source utilization rate, for pollution or degenerated soil improvement, play an important roll.
(2) by building the problems such as sponge soil can avoid soil pollution, hardened, soil from degenerating again.Due to there is provided
Different levels, and different levels play plant growth different efficacies, soil water-retaining layer play moisture regulation function, water conservation drought resisting,
Moisture evaporation effect is reduced, aquifer has water storage function, provides nutrient for plant growth, cushion provides machine for plant growth
Tool enabling capabilities, while also have Water storage, moisture is provided for plant growth, water utilization rate can be improved, effectively reduces filling
Water requirement is irrigate, it is cost-effective.
(3) strong applicability.Can be according to different vegetation types, root growth length and required space, flexible design conditioned soil
Body depth.Such as the improvement of growth arbor soil, it can suitably increase the thickness of each layer, especially increase water conservation layer and aquifer
Thickness, to ensure depth needed for the plantation of Tree growth.
(4) turn waste into wealth, it is cost-effective.The present invention overcomes tradition by the use of agricultural wastes composting substrate as modifying agent
Large area using soil moved in improve the original or the high cost improving technology of a large amount of addition organic media, it is useless for the nutrient demand of plant, agricultural
Gurry composting substrate is mainly mixed with soil and forms aquifer, and nutrient is dissolved in the aqueous solution while water moisture self restraint, had
Growth beneficial to plant absorbs, and can reduce the nutrient addition to topsoil, not only be effectively utilized agricultural wastes, it is become useless
For treasured, moreover it is possible to promote plant growth, improve crop quality, increase economic benefit.
To sum up, using this invention, pollution or degenerated soil can not only be improved with large area, can also be according to spy
Determine planting plants and carry out the improvement of individual plant number cave, be advantageous to save improvement cost, improve improved effect, be that one kind is worthy of popularization
Pollution or degenerated soil modification method.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the strong water conservation of the present invention and the sectional view of water storage performance mellow earth earth structure.
Fig. 2 is sponge soil different levels of the present invention and the water retention figure of control group soil.
Fig. 3 is sponge soil different levels of the present invention and the moisture content figure of control group soil.
Fig. 4 is that sponge soil different levels of the present invention and the accumulation of control group soil ooze out water and change over time curve map.
Embodiment
With reference to specific examples below and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.The process of the implementation present invention,
Condition, experimental method etc., it is the universal knowledege and common knowledge of this area in addition to the following content specially referred to, this hair
It is bright that content is not particularly limited.
Sponge soil texture proposed by the present invention, there is strong water conservation and water storage performance.The sponge soil texture by cushion,
Aquifer and water conservation layer composition.
Cushion is located at bottom, is filled with the first filler in cushion, the first filler is made up of rubble, gangue
, the soil thickness of cushion is 5~15 centimetres.Drainpipe is provided with cushion, drainpipe is uniformly arranged by punching bellows
Row composition, the pore diameter of drainpipe is 1~3cm.
Aquifer is located at the top of cushion, and the soil thickness of aquifer is 10~15 centimetres, filled with the in aquifer
Two fillers, the second filler are the stirring things of agricultural wastes composting substrate and soil, and agricultural wastes composting substrate includes
Corn, rice straw and municipal sewage sludge.Wherein, agricultural wastes composting substrate is 1 by weight with soil:10~1:
5, the soil weight of the second filler is 0.8~1.1g/cm3.The soil weight of 3rd filler is 1.1~1.3g/cm3。
Water conservation layer is located at the top of aquifer, and the 3rd filler is filled with water conservation layer, and the 3rd filler is that with the addition of guarantor
The soil of aqua.The soil thickness of water conservation layer is 10~15 centimetres, add the quality of water-loss reducer for water conservation layer soil body weight 1~
2%, water-loss reducer includes the materials such as polyglutamic acid resin γ-PGA.
Embodiment：
Belong to semiarid continental climate for Loess Plateau Area of Northwest China, rainfall is few but instantaneous strength is big, most of rainwater
Drain through rainwash, not only waste water resource, and cause the soil erosion of large area, influence vegetation growth；Especially move back
Change the problem of soil water-retaining and fertility are low, the ecosystem is fragile, the efficient utilization and soil improvement of the regional water resources turn into
Major issue urgently to be resolved hurrily.The soil improvement order of sponge soil texture of the present invention is carried out as follows：
Different soils level is set from top to bottom：
1) cushion is built.Rubble thick 10cm, gangue on bottom soil upper berth, diameter is about 1cm or so, and is pacified
The drainpipe that dress is made up of PVC punching bellowss, pore diameter is 1~3cm；Buffer layer thickness is 10cm, is completed to cushion
Structure.
2) aquifer is laid on the buffer layer.Water storage soil is added, the water storage soil is useless by the agricultural such as corn, rice straw
Gurry composting substrate is with soil by weight 1:10 ratios stir mixing, and the soil thickness of addition is 15cm, the soil weight
For 0.8~1.1g/cm3, complete the structure of aquifer.
3) water conservation layer is laid on aquifer top.The thick retaining soil moistures of 15cm, the retaining soil moisture are added on aquifer top
The standby soil dug out by inserting and addition are formed by weight for 1% polyglutamic acid resin (γ-PGA), the soil weight 1.1
~1.3g/cm3, complete the structure of soil water-retaining layer.
The agricultural wastes composting substrates such as corn of the present invention, rice straw are rich in the nutrition member needed for crop such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
Element, there is obvious the effect of increasing income.Sponge soil texture of the present invention can not only provide fertility resource for agricultural production, moreover it is possible to
Chesson, strengthen soil granular structure, there is provided water retention property, strengthen the permeability of soil, be advantageous to crop root growth, carry
The vitality and drought-resistant ability of high crop.
Carried out using the water retention of the scheme constructses sponge soil of embodiment, moisture content, accumulation infiltration capacity with compareing soil
Contrast situation is shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 respectively.
In Fig. 2, control group soil was after 21 days, and its soil water-retaining rate is reduced to 7.37% by original saturation moisture, and structure
The aquifer water retention for the sponge soil built improves 400% compared with control group, and water conservation layer water retention improves compared with control group
13.11%.
In Fig. 3, for control group soil after 21 days, its soil moisture content was reduced to 9.5% by original 43.8%, and build
The aquifer moisture content of sponge soil improves 262.8% compared with control group, and water conservation layer moisture content improves 57.9% compared with control group.
In Fig. 4, the aquifer of the sponge soil of structure, water conservation layer permeability increase compared with control group.
The protection content of the present invention is not limited to above example.Under the spirit and scope without departing substantially from inventive concept, this
Art personnel it is conceivable that change and advantage be all included in the present invention, and using appended claims as protect
Protect scope.
Claims (6)
1. the sponge soil texture of a kind of strong water conservation and water storage performance, it is characterised in that the structure is at least by cushion, aquifer
Formed with water conservation layer；
The cushion is located at bottom, is filled with the first filler in the cushion, first filler is by rubble, bastard coal
What stone was formed；Drainpipe is provided with the cushion；
The aquifer is located at the top of the cushion, and the second filler, second filling are filled with the aquifer
Thing is the stirring thing of agricultural wastes composting substrate and soil, and the agricultural wastes composting substrate includes corn, rice straw
And municipal sewage sludge；
The water conservation layer is located at the top of the aquifer, and the 3rd filler, the 3rd filling are filled with the water conservation layer
Thing is the soil that with the addition of water-loss reducer.
2. the sponge soil texture of strong water conservation as claimed in claim 1 and water storage performance, it is characterised in that the cushion
Soil thickness is 5~15 centimetres, and the soil thickness of the aquifer is 10~15 centimetres, and the soil thickness of the water conservation layer is 10
~15 centimetres.
3. the sponge soil texture of strong water conservation as claimed in claim 1 and water storage performance, it is characterised in that second filling
Thing is by weight 1 by agricultural wastes composting substrate and soil:10~1:5 ratio, which stirs, to be mixed.
4. the sponge soil texture of strong water conservation as claimed in claim 1 and water storage performance, it is characterised in that second filling
The soil weight of thing is 0.8~1.1g/cm3；The soil weight of 3rd filler is 1.1~1.3g/cm3。
5. the sponge soil texture of strong water conservation as claimed in claim 1 and water storage performance, it is characterised in that the addition water conservation
The quality of agent is the 1~2% of water conservation layer soil body weight, and the water-loss reducer includes polyglutamic acid resin γ-PGA.
6. the sponge soil texture of water conservation as claimed in claim 1 strong and water storage performance, it is characterised in that the drainpipe by
The evenly distributed composition of bellows is punched, the pore diameter on the drainpipe is 1~3cm.
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| CN201710570393.3A CN107432169A (en) | 2017-07-13 | 2017-07-13 | A kind of sponge soil texture of strong water conservation and water storage performance |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108338041A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-07-31 | 内蒙古上海庙矿业有限责任公司 | A kind of desert control method |
| CN109006345A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-18 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | A kind of artificial sponge's soil for urban green space |
| CN109266360A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-25 | 江西理工大学 | A method of composite sand consolidation agent and building biological breadcrust containing municipal sludge |
| CN110651554A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-07 | 上海辰山植物园 | Sustainable green space sponge body structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN111642167A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-11 | 海南瑞茗阁实业有限公司 | Water-retention, water-saving, fertilizer-retention and fertilizer-saving treatment method for transforming dry land and sand land into paddy field |
| CN113615535A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-09 | 内蒙古大学 | Planting module, control method and system and planting system |
| CN114287313A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-08 | 北京市农林科学院 | Artificial sponge soil and application thereof |
| CN114631411A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-17 | 河南城建学院 | Long-acting method for improving reclamation soil of mining area |
| CN114946601A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-08-30 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Method for establishing vegetation system in ultrahigh-altitude desertification area |
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| CN109006345A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-18 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | A kind of artificial sponge's soil for urban green space |
| CN109266360A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-25 | 江西理工大学 | A method of composite sand consolidation agent and building biological breadcrust containing municipal sludge |
| CN109266360B (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-10-16 | 江西理工大学 | Composite sand fixing agent containing municipal sludge and method for constructing biological crust |
| CN110651554A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-07 | 上海辰山植物园 | Sustainable green space sponge body structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN111642167A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-11 | 海南瑞茗阁实业有限公司 | Water-retention, water-saving, fertilizer-retention and fertilizer-saving treatment method for transforming dry land and sand land into paddy field |
| CN111642167B (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2022-05-03 | 海南瑞茗阁实业有限公司 | Water-retention, water-saving, fertilizer-retention and fertilizer-saving treatment method for transforming dry land and sand land into paddy field |
| CN114946601A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-08-30 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Method for establishing vegetation system in ultrahigh-altitude desertification area |
| CN113615535A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-09 | 内蒙古大学 | Planting module, control method and system and planting system |
| CN114287313A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-08 | 北京市农林科学院 | Artificial sponge soil and application thereof |
| CN114631411A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-17 | 河南城建学院 | Long-acting method for improving reclamation soil of mining area |
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