CN1074231A - 烃类的分解方法 - Google Patents
烃类的分解方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1074231A CN1074231A CN92115163A CN92115163A CN1074231A CN 1074231 A CN1074231 A CN 1074231A CN 92115163 A CN92115163 A CN 92115163A CN 92115163 A CN92115163 A CN 92115163A CN 1074231 A CN1074231 A CN 1074231A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- plasmatorch
- hydro carbons
- reaction chamber
- gas
- thermal decomposition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/22—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
- C01B3/24—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Cleaning In General (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
为了防止在烃类热分解过程中结垢，该过程使用
了等离子炬和反应室，将包含呈化合物形态的氧的一
种气体或蒸气，输送至等离子炬的间隙，管路和开口
处，还输送到反应室的壁处。优选利用CO2或气态
的水作为清除剂。
Description
本发明是关于在烃类热分解期间，防止和除去装置结垢的一种方法。
在烃类热分解成氢和碳的过程中，碳的完全脱氢不总是发生，因此，在反应装置中，等离子炬的通道，在电极之间的孔中和实际的反应室中，沉积物很容易生成。这些沉积物极其坚硬，并难以除去，它们特别是常常在圆周的区域，即在壁上，这部分是由于在那里温度常常较低，因此导致一个更不完全的分解过程，以及更趋向于生成沉积物。
这些问题在窄的孔中、在管中和在输送烃类介质的通道中、例如在导入管或在电极之间的间隙中特别严重，在这些部位存在碳粒侵入的危险。这些问题可能导致装置完全堵塞，从而使分解过程中断，或以不满意的方式操作。由于这些原因，许多热分解过程仅能间断和不连续地进行，这使得该热分解过程相当昂贵，甚至无益可得。
本发明的目的是提供一种可避免上述现有技术中存在的问题的方法，本发明的另一个目的是提供一个可以增加产率的方法，且通过所用的装置使进行的热分解过程得到某些程度的改进。
本发明还进一步的一个目的是提供一个防止结垢的方法，由此，没有污物或其它物料输送到正进行的过程中。
这些目的是通过本发明的方法实现的，该方法的特征是将作为消除剂使用的一种气态的氧化的化合物输送至等离子炬的间隙、管路和开口以及输送到反应室的壁附近，所说消除剂是CO2或气态的水。
在本发明中，向一热分解燃烧器，具体说是等离子炬中引入一种气氛，该气氛并不影响热分解过程，但是它能够与碳沉积物或沉淀物反应，并将其转换成易挥发的物质。就此而论，使用CO2气作为清除剂或清除气可能特别有利，CO2气通过电极间的通道输送到等离子炬。实现该目的的第二个有优越性的选择方案是使用蒸气态的水。这种类型的气态物质在等离子炬中将与沉积的碳反应，并使其转化成CO2气。
大体上，本发明的清除过程是沉积物的氧化反应，但是本发明的新颖的一面是以一种化合物的形式使用氧。以前为了除去杂质并清扫这种通道，曾使用氧气或空气流，但是这种方法明显的缺陷是反应太迅速太强烈，这容易产生再加热，干扰实际的热分解过程。这样，令人吃惊的是，在本发明中通过以化合物的形式使用氧，就能够实现从那些通道中迅速而有效地清除杂质，并且除去已经形成的杂质而不影响实际过程的进行。此外，还有一个优点，CO2和水是危险性更小的物质，更容易进行操作，而同时CO2还有一个优点，那就是用于清除的这些产品是热解实际最终产物的组成部分。
下面，通过一个实例，更详细地描述本发明。
在申请人的Norwegian patent application 914907中公开的类型的等离子炬中，除了所输送的介质外，在电极2、3和4之间的空间中，在导入管1和最里面的电极2之间的空间中以及通过导入管可输送有限、适量的CO2气。由于以这种方式供给清除剂，就可保持等离子炬在延长的期间内连续操作。
Claims (2)
1、用于在烃类热分解过程中防止和除去结垢的一种方法，其中利用等离子炬和反应室，其特征是氧气作为一种化合物、以一种气体的形式输送至等离子炬的间隙、管路和开口以及输送到反应室的壁附近。
2、按权利要求1的方法，其中CO2或H2O是以气体形式作为清除剂使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO914908A NO174471C (no) | 1991-12-12 | 1991-12-12 | Fremgangsmåte til å hindre og fjerne begroning ved pyrolytisk spalting av hydrokarboner |
| NO914908 | 1991-12-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1074231A true CN1074231A (zh) | 1993-07-14 |
Family
ID=19894683
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN92115163A Pending CN1074231A (zh) | 1991-12-12 | 1992-12-11 | 烃类的分解方法 |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0616600B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2572350B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1074231A (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE134595T1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU3097692A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2117326C (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE69208687T2 (zh) |
| DK (1) | DK0616600T3 (zh) |
| DZ (1) | DZ1644A1 (zh) |
| EG (1) | EG19880A (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2084396T3 (zh) |
| GR (1) | GR3019603T3 (zh) |
| MA (1) | MA22738A1 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX9207195A (zh) |
| MY (1) | MY108907A (zh) |
| NO (1) | NO174471C (zh) |
| VN (1) | VN251A1 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1993012031A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5484978A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1996-01-16 | Energy Reclamation, Inc. | Destruction of hydrocarbon materials |
| US10370539B2 (en) | 2014-01-30 | 2019-08-06 | Monolith Materials, Inc. | System for high temperature chemical processing |
| US11939477B2 (en) | 2014-01-30 | 2024-03-26 | Monolith Materials, Inc. | High temperature heat integration method of making carbon black |
| US10100200B2 (en) | 2014-01-30 | 2018-10-16 | Monolith Materials, Inc. | Use of feedstock in carbon black plasma process |
| US10138378B2 (en) | 2014-01-30 | 2018-11-27 | Monolith Materials, Inc. | Plasma gas throat assembly and method |
| US9574086B2 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2017-02-21 | Monolith Materials, Inc. | Plasma reactor |
| CN105940774A (zh) | 2014-01-31 | 2016-09-14 | 巨石材料公司 | 等离子体炬的设计 |
| CN113171741A (zh) | 2015-02-03 | 2021-07-27 | 巨石材料公司 | 炭黑生成系统 |
| BR112017016692A2 (pt) | 2015-02-03 | 2018-04-10 | Monolith Materials, Inc. | método e aparelho para resfriamento regenerativo |
| CA3032246C (en) | 2015-07-29 | 2023-12-12 | Monolith Materials, Inc. | Dc plasma torch electrical power design method and apparatus |
| CN108352493B (zh) | 2015-09-14 | 2022-03-08 | 巨石材料公司 | 由天然气制造炭黑 |
| CA3060565C (en) | 2016-04-29 | 2024-03-12 | Monolith Materials, Inc. | Torch stinger method and apparatus |
| EP3448553A4 (en) | 2016-04-29 | 2019-12-11 | Monolith Materials, Inc. | ADDING SECONDARY HEAT TO A PRODUCTION PROCESS OF PARTICLES AND APPARATUS |
| MX2019010619A (es) | 2017-03-08 | 2019-12-19 | Monolith Mat Inc | Sistemas y metodos para fabricar particulas de carbono con gas de transferencia termica. |
| CN110799602A (zh) | 2017-04-20 | 2020-02-14 | 巨石材料公司 | 颗粒系统和方法 |
| WO2019084200A1 (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2019-05-02 | Monolith Materials, Inc. | PARTICULAR SYSTEMS AND METHODS |
| IT202200005741A1 (it) * | 2022-03-23 | 2023-09-23 | Michele Giordano | Ingegnaria proprietaria di impianto di produzione di idrogeno da impianti di processo di raffinerie di petrolio ed in genere da scissione di molecole di idrocarburi |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IN143377B (zh) * | 1975-06-30 | 1977-11-12 | Vnii Tekhn | |
| SE457355B (sv) * | 1985-09-25 | 1988-12-19 | Skf Steel Eng Ab | Saett att framstaella en ren, koloxid och vaetgas innehaallande gas |
-
1991
- 1991-12-12 NO NO914908A patent/NO174471C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1992
- 1992-12-10 MY MYPI92002267A patent/MY108907A/en unknown
- 1992-12-11 MA MA23028A patent/MA22738A1/fr unknown
- 1992-12-11 DK DK92924940.7T patent/DK0616600T3/da active
- 1992-12-11 MX MX9207195A patent/MX9207195A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-12-11 AT AT92924940T patent/ATE134595T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-12-11 EP EP92924940A patent/EP0616600B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-11 DE DE69208687T patent/DE69208687T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-11 CA CA002117326A patent/CA2117326C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-11 AU AU30976/92A patent/AU3097692A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-12-11 CN CN92115163A patent/CN1074231A/zh active Pending
- 1992-12-11 VN VNS-444/92A patent/VN251A1/vi unknown
- 1992-12-11 JP JP5510807A patent/JP2572350B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-11 WO PCT/NO1992/000197 patent/WO1993012031A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-12-11 ES ES92924940T patent/ES2084396T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-12 DZ DZ920156A patent/DZ1644A1/fr active
- 1992-12-12 EG EG77092A patent/EG19880A/xx active
-
1996
- 1996-04-09 GR GR960400998T patent/GR3019603T3/el unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0616600B1 (en) | 1996-02-28 |
| DE69208687D1 (de) | 1996-04-04 |
| NO174471B (no) | 1994-01-31 |
| NO914908D0 (no) | 1991-12-12 |
| NO914908L (no) | 1993-06-14 |
| DE69208687T2 (de) | 1996-09-19 |
| DK0616600T3 (da) | 1996-06-03 |
| WO1993012031A1 (en) | 1993-06-24 |
| MY108907A (en) | 1996-11-30 |
| CA2117326C (en) | 1999-01-19 |
| VN251A1 (en) | 1996-03-25 |
| DZ1644A1 (fr) | 2002-02-17 |
| EP0616600A1 (en) | 1994-09-28 |
| ATE134595T1 (de) | 1996-03-15 |
| GR3019603T3 (en) | 1996-07-31 |
| JP2572350B2 (ja) | 1997-01-16 |
| CA2117326A1 (en) | 1993-06-24 |
| EG19880A (en) | 1996-03-31 |
| JPH06511225A (ja) | 1994-12-15 |
| ES2084396T3 (es) | 1996-05-01 |
| AU3097692A (en) | 1993-07-19 |
| MA22738A1 (fr) | 1993-07-01 |
| MX9207195A (es) | 1993-07-01 |
| NO174471C (no) | 1994-05-11 |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C53 | Correction of patent of invention or patent application | ||
| COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: APPLICANT; FROM: KVAERNER ENGINEERING A.S TO: KEWANA ER TECHNICAL RESEARCH CO.,LTD. |
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| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: London, England Applicant after: Kvaerner Technology and Research Ltd. Address before: Norway Applicant before: Kvaerner Engineering A.S |
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| C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |