CN107419405B - 一种消防服面料 - Google Patents

一种消防服面料 Download PDF

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CN107419405B
CN107419405B CN201710713463.6A CN201710713463A CN107419405B CN 107419405 B CN107419405 B CN 107419405B CN 201710713463 A CN201710713463 A CN 201710713463A CN 107419405 B CN107419405 B CN 107419405B
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CN107419405A (zh
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乔业全
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Guangzhou Rui Zhi intelligent science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明主要涉及纺织技术领域，公开了一种消防服面料，由以下原料制成：间位芳纶、氨纶、涤纶、富强纤维、麦饭石功能纤维、海泡石纤维、竹炭纤维、钛白粉、白炭黑；原料丰富，方法简单，得到的消防服面料符合《消防员灭火防护服》的技术指标，同时易于排汗透气，每套消防服的重量减轻40%左右，明显减轻消防员进行火灾救助时的负担；氨纶加入钛白粉进行变性，提高氨纶的强度和耐热温度，纺丝时加快凝固，横截面为中空圆环形，加快汗液和热量散发，减轻衣体重；将白炭黑与涤纶真空熔融后进行变性，避免涤纶熔融后变色，提高涤纶的耐热温度和纤维强度，横截面为十字型，混纺后能够增加纤维内的孔隙度，加快汗液和热量的散失。

Description

一种消防服面料
技术领域
本发明主要涉及纺织技术领域，尤其涉及一种消防服面料。
背景技术
消防服是保护活跃在消防第一线的消防队员人身安全的重要装备品之一，它不仅是火灾救助现场不可或缺的必备品，也是保护消防队员身体免受伤害的防火用具；目前的消防服都是多层结构，布料外具有涂层，防火和防水性好，但是衣体重、弹性差、活动不便、散热排汗性能差，造成闷热感和厚重感，给剧烈运动的消防官兵造成很大的负担。
发明内容
为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，本发明的目的是提供一种消防服面料。
一种消防服面料，由以下重量份的原料制成：间位芳纶68~70、氨纶20~22、涤纶20~22、富强纤维13~15、麦饭石功能纤维7~9、海泡石纤维6~8、竹炭纤维5~7、钛白粉0.6~0.8、白炭黑0.6~0.8。
一种消防服面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将氨纶于220~230℃进行真空熔融，避免氨纶变色，加入钛白粉，保温20~25分钟，57~59转/分钟搅拌15~20分钟，湿法纺丝，提高氨纶的强度和耐热温度，纺丝时加快凝固，纺丝后横截面为中空圆环形，加快汗液和热量散发，减轻衣体重，避免闷热感和较重的消防服对消防员体力的消耗，提高安全率，得改性氨纶；
（2）将白炭黑与涤纶混合均匀，于260~270℃真空熔融，避免涤纶熔融后变色，保温13~15分钟，干法纺丝，提高涤纶的耐热温度和纤维强度，横截面为十字型，混纺后能够增加纤维内的孔隙度，加快汗液和热量的散失，得改性涤纶；
（3）将富强纤维与竹炭纤维混纺，增加布料的弹性和抗菌性，防止汗液滋生细菌，避免直接接触高温，提高布料阻燃性，得内层纤维；
（4）将麦饭石功能纤维、海泡石纤维和内层纤维进行混纺，麦饭石功能纤维和海泡石纤维完全包裹内层纤维，纱支为16~18Tex，增加布料耐火性和耐磨性，同时麦饭石功能纤维和海泡石纤维能够抗菌消炎，避免受伤后破损布料对伤口的污染，反而能够抑制感染，加快伤口愈合，减轻消防员的身体伤害，得中层纤维；
（5）将间位芳纶、改性氨纶、改性涤纶和中层纤维进行混纺，间位芳纶、改性氨纶和改性涤纶完全包裹中层纤维，纱支为23~25Tex，避免遇明火后布料燃烧，混纺后纱支较细，提高布料密度，提高布料阻燃性，得外层纤维；
（6）将外层纤维上机纺织成布料，得消防服面料。
所述步骤（1）的湿法纺丝，纺丝温度为53~55℃，横截面为中空圆环形，中空度为32~34%。
所述步骤（2）的干法纺丝，纺丝温度为46~48℃，横截面为十字型。
本发明的优点是：本发明提供的消防服面料，原料丰富，方法简单，得到的消防服面料符合《消防员灭火防护服》的技术指标，同时易于排汗透气，每套消防服的重量减轻40%左右，明显减轻消防员进行火灾救助时的负担；氨纶真空熔融后加入钛白粉进行变性，提高氨纶的强度和耐热温度，纺丝时加快凝固，纺丝后横截面为中空圆环形，加快汗液和热量散发，减轻衣体重，避免闷热感和较重的消防服对消防员体力的消耗，提高安全率；将白炭黑与涤纶真空熔融后进行变性，避免涤纶熔融后变色，提高涤纶的耐热温度和纤维强度，横截面为十字型，混纺后能够增加纤维内的孔隙度，加快汗液和热量的散失；将富强纤维与竹炭纤维混纺后作为内层纤维，增加布料的弹性和抗菌性，防止汗液滋生细菌，避免直接接触高温，提高布料阻燃性；将麦饭石功能纤维和海泡石纤维完全包裹内层纤维进行混纺，增加布料耐火性和耐磨性，同时麦饭石功能纤维和海泡石纤维能够抗菌消炎，避免受伤后破损布料对伤口的污染，反而能够抑制感染，加快伤口愈合，减轻消防员的身体伤害；将间位芳纶、改性氨纶和改性涤纶完全包裹中层纤维进行混纺，避免遇明火后布料燃烧，混纺后纱支较细，提高布料密度，提高布料阻燃性。
具体实施方式
下面用具体实施例说明本发明。
实施例1
一种消防服面料，由以下重量份的原料制成：间位芳纶68、氨纶20、涤纶20、富强纤维13、麦饭石功能纤维7、海泡石纤维6、竹炭纤维5、钛白粉0.6、白炭黑0.6。
一种消防服面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将氨纶于220℃进行真空熔融，避免氨纶变色，加入钛白粉，保温23分钟，59转/分钟搅拌20分钟，湿法纺丝，纺丝温度为54℃，横截面为中空圆环形，中空度为32%，提高氨纶的强度和耐热温度，纺丝时加快凝固，纺丝后横截面为中空圆环形，加快汗液和热量散发，减轻衣体重，避免闷热感和较重的消防服对消防员体力的消耗，提高安全率，得改性氨纶；
（2）将白炭黑与涤纶混合均匀，于265℃真空熔融，避免涤纶熔融后变色，保温15分钟，干法纺丝，纺丝温度为46℃，横截面为十字型，提高涤纶的耐热温度和纤维强度，横截面为十字型，混纺后能够增加纤维内的孔隙度，加快汗液和热量的散失，得改性涤纶；
（3）将富强纤维与竹炭纤维混纺，增加布料的弹性和抗菌性，防止汗液滋生细菌，避免直接接触高温，提高布料阻燃性，得内层纤维；
（4）将麦饭石功能纤维、海泡石纤维和内层纤维进行混纺，麦饭石功能纤维和海泡石纤维完全包裹内层纤维，纱支为18Tex，增加布料耐火性和耐磨性，同时麦饭石功能纤维和海泡石纤维能够抗菌消炎，避免受伤后破损布料对伤口的污染，反而能够抑制感染，加快伤口愈合，减轻消防员的身体伤害，得中层纤维；
（5）将间位芳纶、改性氨纶、改性涤纶和中层纤维进行混纺，间位芳纶、改性氨纶和改性涤纶完全包裹中层纤维，纱支为24Tex，避免遇明火后布料燃烧，混纺后纱支较细，提高布料密度，提高布料阻燃性，得外层纤维；
（6）将外层纤维上机纺织成布料，得消防服面料。
实施例2
一种消防服面料，由以下重量份的原料制成：间位芳纶69、氨纶21、涤纶21、富强纤维14、麦饭石功能纤维8、海泡石纤维7、竹炭纤维6、钛白粉0.7、白炭黑0.7。
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
一种消防服面料，由以下重量份的原料制成：间位芳纶70、氨纶22、涤纶22、富强纤维15、麦饭石功能纤维9、海泡石纤维8、竹炭纤维7、钛白粉0.8、白炭黑0.8。
制备方法同实施例1。
对比例1
去除氨纶，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例2
去除涤纶，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例3
去除富强纤维，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例4
去除麦饭石功能纤维，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例5
去除海泡石纤维，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例6
去除竹炭纤维，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例7
去除钛白粉和步骤（1），其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例8
去除白炭黑和步骤（2），其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例9
去除步骤（4）和步骤（5），所有原料一起进行混纺，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例10
现有专利文件CN 101220899 B公开的消防服用芳纶耐高温隔热材料及其加工工艺。
实施例和对比例消防服面料的性能：
随机选取实施例和对比例的消防服面料65块，每块大小为20cm×20cm，随机分为13组，每组5块，参照GB/T22799-2009的标准对实施例和对比例的消防服面料进行吸水性测定，记录3min、10min和30min的毛细效应(cm)，按照“棉针织物的生物抛光处理”检测纤维强度，并随机选择各组布料制备的L号消防服进行称重，结果平均值，实施例和对比例消防服面料的性能见表1。
表1：实施例和对比例消防服面料的性能
项目 3min 10min 30min 沉降时间/(s) 强力/(cN/dtex) 衣重/(kg/套)
实施例1 0.9 1.7 6.5 43.7 53.6 2.3
实施例2 1.1 1.8 6.8 43.6 54.5 2.2
实施例3 1.2 2.0 6.9 43.3 53.9 2.4
对比例1 0.7 1.5 5.7 54.8 39.4 2.5
对比例2 0.6 1.3 5.8 55.2 40.7 2.3
对比例3 0.8 1.5 6.1 56.7 42.5 2.4
对比例4 0.5 0.9 5.3 ＞60 43.7 2.6
对比例5 0.4 1.1 5.1 58.9 45.2 2.2
对比例6 0.7 1.4 5.8 54.2 41.1 2.7
对比例7 0.5 1.2 5.5 56.4 44.6 3.2
对比例8 0.4 1.3 5.3 57.3 47.1 3.4
对比例9 0.8 1.5 5.7 56.2 41.3 2.6
对比例10 0.3 1.1 3.2 ＞60 40.6 3.7
从表1可以看出，实施例中消防服面料的毛细效应比对比例中毛巾的毛细效应的高度大，表明实施例中消防服面料的吸湿性比对比例中消防服面料的吸湿性强；从沉降时间来看，实施例的沉降时间比对比例的沉降时间短的多，纤维强度明显较对比例高，衣重明显较对比例小，表明本发明提供的消防服面料具有较好的服用性能。

Claims (1)

1.一种消防服面料，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：间位芳纶68~70、氨纶20~22、涤纶20~22、富强纤维13~15、麦饭石功能纤维7~9、海泡石纤维6~8、竹炭纤维5~7、钛白粉0.6~0.8、白炭黑0.6~0.8；
所述消防服面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将氨纶于220~230℃进行真空熔融，加入钛白粉，保温20~25分钟，57~59转/分钟搅拌15~20分钟，湿法纺丝，得改性氨纶；
（2）将白炭黑与涤纶混合均匀，于260~270℃真空熔融，保温13~15分钟，干法纺丝，得改性涤纶；
（3）将富强纤维与竹炭纤维混纺，得内层纤维；
（4）将麦饭石功能纤维、海泡石纤维和内层纤维进行混纺，麦饭石功能纤维和海泡石纤维完全包裹内层纤维，纱支为16~18tex ，得中层纤维；
（5）将间位芳纶、改性氨纶、改性涤纶和中层纤维进行混纺，间位芳纶、改性氨纶和改性涤纶完全包裹中层纤维，纱支为23~25tex ，得外层纤维；
（6）将外层纤维上机纺织成布料，得消防服面料；
所述步骤（1）的湿法纺丝，纺丝温度为53~55℃，横截面为中空圆环形，中空度为32~34%；
所述步骤（2）的干法纺丝，纺丝温度为46~48℃，横截面为十字型。
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