CN107418257A - 一种锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide Substances OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013033 photocatalytic degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M methyl orange Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229940012189 methyl orange Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- -1 aluminum-silver Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052927 chalcanthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/62—Metallic pigments or fillers
- C09C1/64—Aluminium
- C09C1/648—Aluminium treated with inorganic and organic, e.g. polymeric, compounds
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- B01J23/14—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of germanium, tin or lead
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:在反应容器中加入铝粉和异丙醇,40~50℃下搅拌至分散均匀,匀速滴加H2O2水溶液,然后于4~5h内匀速滴加无水四氯化锡的异丙醇溶液,并同时滴加稀释过的氨水来控制反应体系pH为4.0~6.0,加完继续搅拌3~6h,过滤,即得到锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料;所述H2O2水溶液是水与30wt%H2O2按体积比V水:V过氧化氢=(4~10)∶(1~2)配制而成。本发明方法以铝粉原料为核,以双氧水为锚固剂,在一种温和条件下使锡盐水解并在铝粉表面形成均匀致密的包覆层,得到锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料,该颜料兼具耐腐蚀性、红外和可见光兼容隐身性能及光催化降解性能,尤其是具有更强的碱性环境中的耐腐蚀性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种水性铝粉颜料的制备方法,具体涉及一种锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料的制备方法。
背景技术
铝粉颜料是一种重要的金属粉末颜料,多呈鳞片状且表面光滑,平铺在被涂物上可形成平整、密实、光亮的铝膜。与其他颜料相比,铝粉颜料具有独有的遮盖、屏蔽、漂浮等特性,并显示出金属光泽效应和随角异色效应,而且铝粉颜料制得的涂层发射率较低,是红外隐身涂料中的重要颜料之一。
水性铝粉颜料是在碱性介质中具有较强耐腐蚀性的铝粉颜料,近几年来,随着人们环保意识的提高,水性铝粉颜料得到了迅速发展。本发明申请人早前以CuSO4·5H2O和NiSO4·7H2O等为锚固剂[ZL 201410270142.X],或无氨环境下以H2O2为锚固剂[ZL201410320630.7],利用正硅酸乙酯和KH-550混合物的水解在铝粉表面包覆一层耐腐蚀的SiO2/有机物杂化膜,得到的铝粉颜料在应用于水性涂料时具有较好的抗腐蚀性能。但是在可见光区反射率略高于原料铝粉,颜色仍为银色,不适宜做红外-可见光兼容的隐身颜料,而且二氧化硅的pKa2是11.8,这使得二氧化硅在碱性环境中耐腐蚀性能受限。因此,寻找耐酸碱性更强并兼具红外和可见光兼容隐身性能的包覆层,是制备水性铝粉颜料及扩大应用范围的关键。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是提供一种锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料的制备方法,以解决现有铝粉颜料不能兼具耐腐蚀性和隐身性能的问题。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
一种锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:在反应容器中加入铝银浆和异丙醇,40~50℃下搅拌至分散均匀,匀速滴加H2O2水溶液,然后于4~5h内匀速滴加无水四氯化锡的异丙醇溶液,并同时滴加稀释过的氨水来控制反应体系pH为4.0~6.0,加完继续搅拌3~6h,过滤,即得到锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料;所述H2O2水溶液是水与30wt%H2O2按体积比V水:V过氧化氢=(4~10)∶(1~2)配制而成。
在本发明中,无水四氯化锡与铝银浆的质量比为6∶(10~20)。
在本发明中,所述H2O2水溶液与铝银浆的计量比为(6~11)mL∶(10~20)g。
在本发明中,所述稀释过的氨水是由25wt%氨水、异丙醇和水按体积比10∶(10~20)∶(0~10)进行稀释得到的。
在本发明中,所制产品的耐碱性能显著,可作为制备具有优异耐腐蚀性的水性涂料。当包覆介质pH较低(4.0-5.0)时,产品的反射率较高,可作为高光泽度的水性铝粉颜料使用;当包覆介质pH较高(大于5.0)时,L值较小,可作水性隐身颜料使用,当包覆pH为 5.7-6.0时,所得产品不仅具有耐腐蚀及隐身性能,还具有光降解性能。
本发明方法以铝粉原料为核,以双氧水为锚固剂,通过选择适宜的pH范围,在一种温和条件下使锡盐水解并在铝粉表面形成均匀致密的包覆层,得到了锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料,该颜料兼具耐腐蚀性、红外和可见光兼容隐身性能,还具有光催化降解性能,尤其是具有更强的碱性环境中的耐腐蚀性能,使其可广泛用于隐身涂料、防腐涂料和光催化材料领域。
本发明所制得的铝粉颜料可以制成铝银浆或者直接作为铝颜料使用,具有优异的贮存稳定性。根据需求主体的不同,控制合适的条件,可使制得的产品分别具有优良的抗碱腐蚀性能,同时兼具隐身性能或光催化活性,在红外伪装、可见光隐身材料和环境污水处理等领域具有广阔的应用前景。
将本发明方法所制得产品应用于光催化材料时,其易于分离和回收,能有效地解决光催化剂造成二次污染的难题,且回收后的光催化材料还可作为具有隐身性能的水性铝粉颜料使用,零污染,零浪费。
附图说明
图1~图7依次是实施例1~7所得产品对应的光学显微镜图。
图8~图10是实施例1、7、8所得产品对应的扫描电镜图。
图11和图12是实施例1~8所得产品的耐腐蚀性测试图,其中图12调整纵坐标刻度值,以便于区分各曲线,图中,横坐标为时间,纵坐标为析氢体积。
图13是实施例1、2和4所得产品的催化降解性能测试图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例进一步阐述本发明,在以下各实施例中,所用铝银浆含铝粉量74wt%,平均粒径22µm,比表面积为4.64m2/g,过氧化氢、25wt%氨水、无水SnCl4、NaOH、异丙醇、甲基橙 (MO)等均为市售分析纯试剂,稀释过的氨水是由25wt%氨水、异丙醇和水配制而成,体积比为25wt%氨水∶异丙醇∶水=10∶(10~20)∶(0~10),其他未详细描述的各种过程和方法均是本领域中公知的常规方法。
实施例1
在反应器中加入10g铝银浆和40mL异丙醇,45℃下搅拌1h后,在40~60min内匀速滴加6mL H2O2水溶液(V水:V过氧化氢=4:2),然后于4.5h内匀速滴加由6 g(0.023mol)无水SnCl4与25mL异丙醇配制而成的溶液,并同时滴加稀释过的氨水(25wt%氨水、异丙醇和水的体积比为10∶15∶5)控制反应体系的pH为4.54,45℃恒温反应,继续搅拌3h后过滤,晾干,即得到锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料。
实施例2
在反应器中加入10g铝银浆和40mL异丙醇,45℃下搅拌1h后,在40~60min内匀速滴加6mL H2O2水溶液(V水:V过氧化氢=4:2),然后于4.5h内匀速滴加由6 g(0.023mol)无水SnCl4与25mL异丙醇配制而成的溶液,并同时滴加稀释过的氨水(25wt%氨水、异丙醇和水的体积比为10∶15∶5)控制反应体系的pH为5.94,45℃恒温反应,继续搅拌3h后过滤,晾干,即得到锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料。
实施例3
在反应器中加入15g铝银浆和40mL异丙醇,45℃下搅拌1h后,在40~60min内匀速滴加6mL H2O2水溶液(V水:V过氧化氢=4:2),然后于4.5h内匀速滴加由6 g(0.023mol)无水SnCl4与25mL异丙醇配制而成的溶液,并同时滴加稀释过的氨水(25wt%氨水、异丙醇和水的体积比为10∶15∶5)控制反应体系的pH为4.37,45℃恒温反应,继续搅拌3h后过滤,晾干,即得到锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料。
实施例4
在反应器中加入15g铝银浆和40mL异丙醇,45℃下搅拌1h后,在40~60min内匀速滴加6mL H2O2水溶液(V水:V过氧化氢=4:2),然后于4.5h内匀速滴加由6 g(0.023mol)无水SnCl4与25mL异丙醇配制而成的溶液,并同时滴加稀释过的氨水(25wt%氨水、异丙醇和水的体积比为10∶15∶5)控制反应体系的pH为5.71,45℃恒温反应,继续搅拌3h后过滤,晾干,即得到锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料。
实施例5
在反应器中加入20g铝银浆和40mL异丙醇,45℃下搅拌1h后,在40~60min内匀速滴加6mL H2O2水溶液(V水:V过氧化氢=5:1),然后于4.5h内匀速滴加由6 g(0.023mol)无水SnCl4与25mL异丙醇配制而成的溶液,并同时滴加稀释过的氨水(25wt%氨水、异丙醇和水的体积比为10∶10∶10)控制反应体系的pH为5.01,45℃恒温反应,继续搅拌3h后过滤,晾干,即得到锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料。
实施例6
在反应器中加入20g铝银浆和40mL异丙醇,45℃下搅拌1h后,在40~60min内匀速滴加11mL H2O2水溶液(V水:V过氧化氢=10:1),然后于4.5h内匀速滴加由6 g(0.023mol)无水SnCl4与25mL异丙醇配制而成的溶液,并同时滴加稀释过的氨水(25wt%氨水、异丙醇和水的体积比为10∶20∶0)控制反应体系的pH为4.50,45℃恒温反应,继续搅拌6h后过滤,晾干,即得到锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料。
实施例7
在反应器中加入20g铝银浆和40mL异丙醇,45℃下搅拌1h后,在40~60min内匀速滴加6mL H2O2水溶液(V水:V过氧化氢=5:1),然后于4.5h内匀速滴加由6 g(0.023mol)无水SnCl4与25mL异丙醇配制而成的溶液,并同时滴加稀释过的氨水(25wt%氨水、异丙醇和水的体积比为10∶15∶5)控制反应体系的pH为4.50,45℃恒温反应,继续搅拌6h后过滤,晾干,即得到锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料。
实施例8
在反应器中加入20g铝银浆和40mL异丙醇,45℃下搅拌1h后,在40~60min内匀速滴加6mL H2O2水溶液(V水:V过氧化氢=5:1),然后于4.5h内匀速滴加由6 g(0.023mol)无水SnCl4与25mL异丙醇配制而成的溶液,并同时滴加稀释过的氨水(25wt%氨水、异丙醇和水的体积比为10∶10∶10)控制反应体系的pH为4.05,45℃恒温反应,继续搅拌6h后过滤,晾干,即得到锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料。
对比例1
在反应器中加入40mL异丙醇,于4.5h内匀速滴加由6 g(0.023mol)无水SnCl4与25mL异丙醇配制而成的溶液,并同时滴加稀释过的氨水(25wt%氨水、异丙醇和水的体积比为10∶15∶5)控制反应体系的pH为5.68,45℃恒温反应,继续搅拌3h后过滤,晾干,即得二氧化锡粉体。
性能测试:将各实施例所制锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料分别按照锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料∶丙二醇单甲醚∶磷酸酯T=20∶5∶1的质量比混合均匀,制得分散良好的水性铝银浆,然后再进行测试。
1)包覆效果测试
将丙烯酸酯乳液与上述水性铝银浆按照100∶7的质量比混匀后,在盖玻片上均匀涂抹一层薄层,在640倍多功能显微镜下观察。结果如图1~7所示,由图中可以看出透明颗粒较少,说明氧化锡很好的包覆在铝粉表面。
对实施例1、7、8所制得的产品进行电镜扫描,结果如图8~10所示,由图中可以看出氧化锡在铝粉表面均匀致密分布。
2)耐腐蚀性测试
取水性铝银浆1g放入装有60 mL质量浓度为 0.1% 的NaOH溶液的100mL烧瓶中,测试析氢情况,析氢速度越慢,析氢量越少,表明耐碱性能越好,测试结果见图11和图12。从图中可以看出,采用本发明方法所制产品的耐碱性能非常好,可作为制备具有优异耐腐蚀性能的水性涂料的原料。
3)催化降解性能测试
以10mg/L的甲基橙(MO)为模拟染料废水,将实施例1、2、4制备出的颜料,按照每次试验的颜料用量折合含氧化锡的量为5mg,加入到装有50mL模拟废水的样品管中,在YZ型光催化反应器中,设定汞灯功率为1000W,光照一定时间后,取样,离心分离,测定清液的吸光度,计算降解效率,同时分别取5mg对比例1所制得的样品和MO进行对比实验,结果见图13。由图中可以看出,采用本发明实施例2和4所制得的颜料的光催化效果优于二氧化锡,本发明实施例1所制得的颜料也有光催化降解性能,但相对较弱。
4)可见光隐身性能测试
将水性铝银浆与丙烯酸酯乳液按照1∶4的质量比混匀,然后涂在黑白遮力板上,晾干,采用多角度分光光度计测定样品的L、a、b值,结果见表1。与原料铝银浆(表中的Raw)相比,样品的a*和b*值均增大, L值均低于原料铝银浆,反射率降低,可作为隐身材料。
表1:
Claims (6)
1.一种锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:在反应容器中加入铝银浆和异丙醇,40~50℃下搅拌至分散均匀,匀速滴加H2O2水溶液,然后于4~5h内匀速滴加无水四氯化锡的异丙醇溶液,并同时滴加稀释过的氨水来控制反应体系pH为4.0~6.0,加完继续搅拌3~6h,过滤,即得到锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料;所述H2O2水溶液是水与30wt%H2O2按体积比V水:V过氧化氢=(4~10)∶(1~2)配制而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料,其特征在于,无水四氯化锡与铝银浆的质量比为6∶(10~20)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料,其特征在于,所述H2O2水溶液与铝银浆的计量比为(6~11)mL∶(10~20)g。
4.根据权利要求1所述的锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料,其特征在于,所述稀释过的氨水是由25wt%氨水、异丙醇和水按体积比10∶(10~20)∶(0~10)进行稀释得到的。
5.根据权利要求1所述的锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料,其特征在于,反应体系pH为5.0~6.0。
6.根据权利要求1所述的锡氧化物包覆的水性铝粉颜料,其特征在于,反应体系pH为5.7~6.0。
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