CN107415379A - 一种汽车内饰用复合板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种汽车内饰用复合板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107415379A
CN107415379A CN201710689713.7A CN201710689713A CN107415379A CN 107415379 A CN107415379 A CN 107415379A CN 201710689713 A CN201710689713 A CN 201710689713A CN 107415379 A CN107415379 A CN 107415379A
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felt
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李云秀
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Huaxin (anhui) Vehicle Parts Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B32B2262/065—Lignocellulosic fibres, e.g. jute, sisal, hemp, flax, bamboo
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/546—Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/003—Interior finishings

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  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种汽车内饰用复合板及其制备方法，包括面料层、胶面层、中间基层，中间基层为包含麻纤维和化学纤维的混合纤维，所述中间基层所用的纤维按质量份计为：麻纤维20‑55份、涤纶纤维15‑35份、丙纶纤维25‑55份，通过铺网、针刺制成由下至上依次是胶面层、中间基层和面料层的复合麻毡，再经加热加压成型。本发明通过将板材所需的三层纤维材料通过针刺固结制成一块复合针刺纤维毡直接加热辊压成型，可以减少加工工序，便于大规模生产，提高生产效率。

Description

一种汽车内饰用复合板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于汽车内饰品技术领域，具体涉及一种汽车内饰用复合板及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们对环保要求的提高，汽车内饰件材料在向着“绿色”环保材料方向发展，前期一些用于汽车内饰件生产的材料如：PU板(聚氨酯板)、玻璃钢板等材料，由于污染方面存在的缺陷，正逐步被天然麻纤维复合材料所取代。天然麻纤维复合材料的加工通常都是把天然纤维和化学纤维混合制成毡板再加热加压成型。如CN1605462A的专利文献公开了这样一种环保型热塑性天然棕麻纤维汽车内饰件复合基材，由中间基板、面料层和底层即胶面层复合制成，面料层采用无纺布，胶面层采用PP膜，中间基板由棕丝、麻丝、涤纶纤维和丙纶纤维经混料铺网制成毛毡，再在中间基板的上下两面分别铺设无纺布和PP膜制成复合基材半成品，再加热加压、模压成型。这种板材由于采用了天然棕、麻植物纤维，具有重量轻、密度低、吸湿性好、无污染的特点，是用作汽车内饰件的较为理想的材料。其缺点是制作工艺复杂，生产效率低；天然纤维使用量较少，板材的强度低。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种汽车内饰用复合板及其制备方法，具体的技术方案为：
一种汽车内饰用复合板，包括面料层、胶面层、中间基层，中间基层为包含麻纤维和化学纤维的混合纤维，所述中间基层所用的纤维按质量份计为：麻纤维20-55份、涤纶纤维15-35份、丙纶纤维25-55份，通过铺网、针刺制成由下至上依次是胶面层、中间基层和面料层的复合麻毡，再经加热加压成型。
优选的，所述胶面层所用的纤维为30-60份的聚丙烯纤维和20-70份的聚乙烯纤维。
优选的，所述面料层所用的纤维为20-50份的丙纶纤维和30-60份的涤纶纤维组成的混合纤维。优选的，所述复合麻毡按下述方法制成：先将胶面层、中间基层和面料层所需的纤维分别通过铺网、针刺制成胶面层毡、中间基层毡和面料层毡，再将三层毡叠加针刺制成。
优选的，所述复合麻毡按下述方法制成：先将胶面层、中间基层和面料层中的一层纤维通过铺网、针刺成毡，然后再在该毡上用第二层纤维进行铺网、针刺制成双层毡，最后再在该双层毡上用第三层纤维进行铺网、针刺而成。
优选的，所述复合麻毡按下述方法制成：先将中间基层纤维分别通过铺网、针刺制成两块半层毡，然后在一块半层毡上用胶面层纤维进行铺网、针刺制成一块复合毡，在另一块半层毡上用面料层纤维进行铺网、针刺制成另一块复合毡，最后再将二块复合毡叠加再针刺制成。有益效果：本发明提供了一种汽车内饰用复合板及其制备方法，本发明通过将板材所需的三层纤维材料通过针刺固结制成一块复合针刺纤维毡直接加热辊压成型，可以减少加工工序，便于大规模生产，提高生产效率。三层中均采用丙纶纤维作粘结剂，安全无毒，麻纤维的使用量较大，可以提高强度，使拉伸强度大于3MPa，弯曲强度大于2MPa，增强板材刚性，还可防止板材向胶面层翘曲，降低板材的生产成本。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例来进一步描述本发明，以下实施例仅是本发明的最佳实施例，并不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。本领域技术人员应该理解的是，在不偏离本发明的精神和范围下可以对本发明技术方案的细节和形式进行修改或替换，但这些修改和替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。
实施例1
一种汽车内饰用复合板，包括面料层、胶面层、中间基层，中间基层为包含麻纤维和化学纤维的混合纤维，所述中间基层所用的纤维按质量份计为：麻纤维45份、涤纶纤维25份、丙纶纤维35份，通过铺网、针刺制成由下至上依次是胶面层、中间基层和面料层的复合麻毡，再经加热加压成型。
优选的，所述胶面层所用的纤维为50份的聚丙烯纤维和40份的聚乙烯纤维。
优选的，所述面料层所用的纤维为30份的丙纶纤维和40份的涤纶纤维组成的混合纤维。
优选的，所述复合麻毡按下述方法制成：先将胶面层、中间基层和面料层所需的纤维分别通过铺网、针刺制成胶面层毡、中间基层毡和面料层毡，再将三层毡叠加针刺制成。
实施例2
一种汽车内饰用复合板，包括面料层、胶面层、中间基层，中间基层为包含麻纤维和化学纤维的混合纤维，所述中间基层所用的纤维按质量份计为：麻纤维20份、涤纶纤维15份、丙纶纤维25份，通过铺网、针刺制成由下至上依次是胶面层、中间基层和面料层的复合麻毡，再经加热加压成型。
优选的，所述胶面层所用的纤维为30份的聚丙烯纤维和20份的聚乙烯纤维。
优选的，所述面料层所用的纤维为20份的丙纶纤维和30份的涤纶纤维组成的混合纤维。
优选的，所述复合麻毡按下述方法制成：先将胶面层、中间基层和面料层中的一层纤维通过铺网、针刺成毡，然后再在该毡上用第二层纤维进行铺网、针刺制成双层毡，最后再在该双层毡上用第三层纤维进行铺网、针刺而成。
实施例3
一种汽车内饰用复合板，包括面料层、胶面层、中间基层，中间基层为包含麻纤维和化学纤维的混合纤维，所述中间基层所用的纤维按质量份计为：麻纤维55份、涤纶纤维35份、丙纶纤维55份，通过铺网、针刺制成由下至上依次是胶面层、中间基层和面料层的复合麻毡，再经加热加压成型。
优选的，所述胶面层所用的纤维为60份的聚丙烯纤维和70份的聚乙烯纤维。
优选的，所述面料层所用的纤维为50份的丙纶纤维和60份的涤纶纤维组成的混合纤维。
优选的，所述复合麻毡按下述方法制成：先将中间基层纤维分别通过铺网、针刺制成两块半层毡，然后在一块半层毡上用胶面层纤维进行铺网、针刺制成一块复合毡，在另一块半层毡上用面料层纤维进行铺网、针刺制成另一块复合毡，最后再将二块复合毡叠加再针刺制成。

Claims (6)

1.一种汽车内饰用复合板，包括面料层、胶面层、中间基层，中间基层为包含麻纤维和化学纤维的混合纤维，其特征在于，所述中间基层所用的纤维按质量份计为：麻纤维20-55份、涤纶纤维15-35份、丙纶纤维25-55份，通过铺网、针刺制成由下至上依次是胶面层、中间基层和面料层的复合麻毡，再经加热加压成型。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车内饰用复合板，其特征在于，所述胶面层所用的纤维为30-60份的聚丙烯纤维和20-70份的聚乙烯纤维。
3.根据权利要求1一种汽车内饰用复合板，其特征在于，所述面料层所用的纤维为20-50份的丙纶纤维和30-60份的涤纶纤维组成的混合纤维。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车内饰用复合板，其特征在于，所述复合麻毡按下述方法制成：先将胶面层、中间基层和面料层所需的纤维分别通过铺网、针刺制成胶面层毡、中间基层毡和面料层毡，再将三层毡叠加针刺制成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车内饰用复合板，其特征在于，所述复合麻毡按下述方法制成：先将胶面层、中间基层和面料层中的一层纤维通过铺网、针刺成毡，然后再在该毡上用第二层纤维进行铺网、针刺制成双层毡，最后再在该双层毡上用第三层纤维进行铺网、针刺而成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车内饰用复合板，其特征在于，所述复合麻毡按下述方法制成：先将中间基层纤维分别通过铺网、针刺制成两块半层毡，然后在一块半层毡上用胶面层纤维进行铺网、针刺制成一块复合毡，在另一块半层毡上用面料层纤维进行铺网、针刺制成另一块复合毡，最后再将二块复合毡叠加再针刺制成。
CN201710689713.7A 2017-08-14 2017-08-14 一种汽车内饰用复合板及其制备方法 Pending CN107415379A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113352718A (zh) * 2021-06-10 2021-09-07 长春富维安道拓汽车饰件系统有限公司 一种汽车内饰用复合材料纤维毡及其制备方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101045310A (zh) * 2006-03-28 2007-10-03 铜陵华源汽车内饰材料有限公司 一种汽车内饰用天然麻纤维复合板及其加工方法
CN102145553A (zh) * 2010-11-15 2011-08-10 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 一种环保可回收汽车内饰件玄武岩纤维和麻纤维复合板材及其生产方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101045310A (zh) * 2006-03-28 2007-10-03 铜陵华源汽车内饰材料有限公司 一种汽车内饰用天然麻纤维复合板及其加工方法
CN102145553A (zh) * 2010-11-15 2011-08-10 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 一种环保可回收汽车内饰件玄武岩纤维和麻纤维复合板材及其生产方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113352718A (zh) * 2021-06-10 2021-09-07 长春富维安道拓汽车饰件系统有限公司 一种汽车内饰用复合材料纤维毡及其制备方法

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Application publication date: 20171201