CN107407184B - 混合装置、排气管以及排气系统 - Google Patents

混合装置、排气管以及排气系统 Download PDF

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CN107407184B
CN107407184B CN201680013368.9A CN201680013368A CN107407184B CN 107407184 B CN107407184 B CN 107407184B CN 201680013368 A CN201680013368 A CN 201680013368A CN 107407184 B CN107407184 B CN 107407184B
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mixing
exhaust
midfeather
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mixing tube
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CN107407184A (zh
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T·因克兰
Y·罗加德
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Tenneco GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/21—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
    • B01F23/213—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids
    • B01F23/2132—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids using nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
    • B01F25/3141—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4317—Profiled elements, e.g. profiled blades, bars, pillars, columns or chevrons
    • B01F25/43171—Profiled blades, wings, wedges, i.e. plate-like element having one side or part thicker than the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/43197—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor characterised by the mounting of the baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/431971—Mounted on the wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F2025/93—Arrangements, nature or configuration of flow guiding elements
    • B01F2025/931—Flow guiding elements surrounding feed openings, e.g. jet nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/02—Tubes being perforated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于整合入内燃机的排气管（4.1，4.2）中以及用于混合排气流T的混合装置（1）。该混合装置（1）包括壳体（2）以及混合管（5）。所述壳体（2）包括用以在主流动方向H导引排气的管壁（2.1）以及至少部分限定所述壳体（2）的过流横截面Qs的中间壁（3）。所述混合管（5）包括用以将添加物结合到第一末端E1的区域中的喷嘴（5.1），所述喷嘴（5.1）被安置在中间壁（3）中的第二末端E2的区域。至少在所述喷嘴（5.1）与中间壁（3）之间设有具有过流横截面Qp的开孔区域（5.2），其中中间壁（3）与混合管（5）将壳体分成流入段（2.2）以及流出段（2.3）。自流入段（2.2）向流出段（2.3）导引的至少90％的排气能够直接通过所述开孔区域（5.2）。一个楔形导流元件（6）被设置在所述混合管（5）的下游，所述导流元件（6）包括延伸超过所述管壁（2.1）及/或所述中间壁（3）的导流鼻部（6.1）。排气流T通过该导流元件（6）被分成两个局部流T1，T2，其中局部流T1，T2相对于主流动方向H呈反向的旋流。

Description

混合装置、排气管以及排气系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于整合入内燃机的排气管中以及用于混合排气流T的混合装置。该混合装置包括壳体以及混合管，所述壳体包括用以在主流动方向H导引排气的管壁以及至少部分限定所述壳体的过流横截面Qs的中间壁。所述混合管包括用以将添加物结合到第一末端E1的区域中的喷嘴，所述喷嘴被安置在中间壁中的第二末端E2的区域。至少在所述喷嘴与中间壁之间设有具有过流横截面Qp的开孔区域，其中中间壁与混合管将壳体分成流入段以及流出段，其中自流入段向流出段导引的至少90％的排气能够直接通过所述开孔区域。
背景技术
US 8,033,104 B2揭示了一种连接内燃机的排气管以用于混合排气流的混合装置。该装置包括其上设有圆柱形混合管的中间壁，并在混合管的端侧设有喷嘴。排气通过开孔自中间壁的迎风面进入到混合管中，并自中间壁的背风侧且与喷嘴相对的一侧离开混合管。
US 2010/0263359 A1揭示了一种连接内燃机的排气管以用于混合排气流的混合装置。该装置包括具有穿孔以及喷嘴的圆柱形混合管，其通过中间壁的形式堵住排气管直到所述穿孔。排气流自迎风面的穿孔进入混合管，并从背风侧且与喷嘴相对的一侧离开混合管。
US 2015/0040537 A1揭示了一种整合入排气管中的混合管，其中混合管具有圆柱形部分以及与其相连接的锥形部分。在这两个部分具有用以让排气流入混合管内的不同的凹陷以及开孔。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于设计与布置一种能够提高混合性能的混合装置、具有该混合装置的排气管以及具有该排气管的排气系统。
上述目的是这样实现的：设置位于所述混合管下游的楔形导流元件，所述导流元件包括延伸超过所述管壁及/或所述中间壁的导流鼻部；排气流T通过该导流元件被分成两个局部流T1，T2，其中局部流T1，T2相对于主流动方向呈反向的旋流。这里，第一局部流T1沿着逆时针方向偏转以及第二局部流T2沿着顺时针方向偏转，使得能够提高排气流与添加剂的混合效果以及提高向例如催化剂或过滤器的下游基底的供给流。
对此，这可能是有利的：混合管具有呈椭圆形的截面形状F，其包括沿主轴延伸的高度h以及沿着辅助轴延伸的宽度b，所述主轴横切于排气流的主流动方向H，其中h>＝1.2b。通过使用更宽的迎面流区域，迎面流和流入混合管中气流能够被提高。除了位于中间壁上较小的吹扫孔，优选地靠近所述壳体壁，整个排气流必须通过混合管来导引。
此外，这可能是有利的：壳体的过流横截面Qs与开孔区域的过流横截面Qp之间满足如下关系：
0.05Qs<＝Qp<＝0.6Qs或者0.07Qs<＝Qp<＝0.5Qs或者0.08Qs<＝Qp<＝0.45Qs。因此，一方面能够满足最低流动损失，另一方面有利于加速和混合排气流。
上述目的还可以通过采用整合有混合装置的排气管以及具有该排气管的排气系统来实现。
附图说明
本发明其它的优势以及细节，在权利要求和说明书中加以说明且在附图中示出。附图中：
图1是具有开口壳体2的混合装置的侧视图。
图2是根据图1中A-A的剖视图。
图3是从上面观察的混合管的原理图。
具体实施方式
图1所示的混合装置1包括具有管壁2.1的壳体2以及位于所述壳体2内的混合管5与导流元件6。所述壳体2在入口处设有整体的管接头2.4，并通过该管接头2.4将其连接到排气系统(未图示)的排气管4.1上。另外，壳体2在出口区域连接到排气处理元件(未进一步显示细节)的排气后处理壳体4.2上。
排气流T通过排气管4.1沿主流动方向H进入混合装置1或者壳体2中，并从壳体的末端离开所述壳体以流入排气后处理壳体4.2中。
所述壳体2中设有一个混合管5，其相较于主流动方向H沿径向凸伸如壳体2中。一个中间壁3与混合管5相结合以部分封闭壳体2的流量横截面Qs。到达中间壁3的迎风侧3.1以及混合管5的排气流T因此通过混合管5上的开孔区域5.2进入混合管5中，并自混合管5上的端侧离开混合管5(这里所示的是向上)。在中间壁3的背风侧3.2设有一个导流元件6，其将流出所述混合管5的排气流T分成两个局部流T1，T2。
根据图2中A-A所示的剖面图，它显示了导流元件6包括一个导流鼻部6.1，其将气流沿着(这里是从上方)径向导入到气流腔中并使气流产生沿着顺时针方向运动的第一局部流T1以及沿着逆时针方向运动的第二局部流T2。导流元件6通过相较于排气流(这里是在下部区域)与导流鼻部6.1相对设置的导流体6.2作为补充。对此在混合装置1上形成了肾形的导流通道。所述中间壁3在下部区域与所述导流元件6呈一个整体。
排气流T因此以流向相反的两个局部流T1，T2进入到排气后处理壳体4.2中。
一个喷嘴5.1被设置在第一末端E1的区域，以与出口端或者混合管5的第二末端6E2相对。通过该喷嘴5.1，添加剂能够进入到混合管5的内部以保持在排气流T中。
根据图3所示，混合管5具有椭圆形的横截面，使得位于排气流T与它的主流动方向H以及混合管壁之间的中间流入角相较于混合管5的迎风侧增加到接近90°。这里混合管5具有一个高度h与宽度b为1:4的比率。
元件符号清单
1 混合装置
2 壳体
2.1 管壁
2.2 流入段
2.3 流出段
2.4 管接头
3 中间壁
3.1 迎风侧
3.2 背风侧
4.1 排气管
4.2 排气管，排气后处理壳体
5 混合管
5.1 喷嘴
5.2 开孔区域
5.3 主轴
5.4 辅助轴
6 导流元件
6.1 导流鼻部
6.2 导流体
b 5的宽度
E1 第一末端
E2 第二末端
F 5的截面形状
H 主流动方向
h 5的高度
Qp 5.2的过流横截面
Qs 2的过流横截面
T 排气流
T1 局部排气流
T2 局部排气流

Claims (5)

1.一种用于整合入内燃机的排气管(4.1，4.2)中以及用于混合排气流T的混合装置(1)，该混合装置(1)包括壳体(2)以及混合管(5)，所述壳体(2)包括用以在主流动方向H导引排气的管壁(2.1)以及至少部分限定所述壳体(2)的过流横截面Qs的中间壁(3)；所述混合管(5)设有第一末端E1，其中在所述第一末端E1的区域中设有用以喷射添加物的喷嘴(5.1)；所述混合管(5)设有第二末端E2，其中在所述第二末端E2的区域中，所述混合管(5)与所述中间壁(3)相连；至少在所述喷嘴(5.1)与中间壁(3)之间设有具有过流横截面Qp的开孔区域(5.2)，其中中间壁(3)与混合管(5)将壳体分成流入段(2.2)以及流出段(2.3)，其中自流入段(2.2)向流出段(2.3)导引的至少90％的排气能够直接通过所述开孔区域(5.2)，其特征在于，
还包括位于所述混合管(5)下游的楔形导流元件(6)，所述导流元件(6)包括延伸超过所述管壁(2.1)及/或所述中间壁(3)的导流鼻部(6.1)；排气流T通过该导流元件(6)被分成两个局部流T1，T2，其中局部流T1，T2相对于主流动方向H呈反向的旋流。
2.如权利要求1所述的混合装置(1)，其特征在于：混合管(5)具有高度h且呈椭圆形的截面形状F，所述椭圆形的截面形状F沿着主轴(5.3)延伸且具有宽度b，所述椭圆形的截面形状F沿着辅助轴(5.4)延伸，所述主轴(5.3)横切于排气流的主流动方向H，其中：
h>＝1.2b。
3.如权利要求2所述的混合装置(1)，其特征在于：壳体(2)的过流横截面Qs与开孔区域(5.2)的过流横截面Qp之间满足如下关系：
0.05Qs<＝Qp<＝0.6Qs或者0.07Qs<＝Qp<＝0.5Qs或者0.08Qs<＝Qp<＝0.45Qs。
4.一种排气管(4.1)，其集成有如前述任意一项权利要求所述的混合装置(1)。
5.一种排气系统，其包括如权利要求4所述的排气管(4.1)。
CN201680013368.9A 2015-03-25 2016-03-15 混合装置、排气管以及排气系统 Expired - Fee Related CN107407184B (zh)

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