CN107405721B - bonded member and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents

bonded member and method for manufacturing same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107405721B
CN107405721B CN201680012749.5A CN201680012749A CN107405721B CN 107405721 B CN107405721 B CN 107405721B CN 201680012749 A CN201680012749 A CN 201680012749A CN 107405721 B CN107405721 B CN 107405721B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
metal piece
welding
flow path
hole
joint
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Active
Application number
CN201680012749.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN107405721A (en
Inventor
大野弘行
青山哲也
岩间崇
宫元优友
鸟居武史
中岛启甫
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Aisin AW Co Ltd
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Aisin AW Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of CN107405721A publication Critical patent/CN107405721A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/10—Clutch systems with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B7/00—Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B23K15/0046—Welding
    • B23K15/0053—Seam welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B23K15/04—Electron-beam welding or cutting for welding annular seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/28—Seam welding of curved planar seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/28—Seam welding of curved planar seams
    • B23K26/282—Seam welding of curved planar seams of tube sections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/08—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of welds or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D13/00—Friction clutches
    • F16D13/58—Details
    • F16D13/60—Clutching elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/06—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch
    • F16D25/062—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces
    • F16D25/063—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially
    • F16D25/0635—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs
    • F16D25/0638—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs with more than two discs, e.g. multiple lamellae
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06—Tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
    • F16D2250/0061—Joining
    • F16D2250/0076—Welding, brazing

Abstract

The invention provides a joint member and a manufacturing method thereof, which can protect a connection part of a first flow path and a second flow path, prevent fluid from leaking from the first flow path and the second flow path, and ensure the joint strength of a first metal sheet and a second metal sheet. In the joint member (1), a first flow path (3A) of an outer metal piece (2A) and a second flow path (3B) of an inner metal piece (2B) are connected at a specific part (P) of a joint surface (4). A small bead part (51) having a penetration not reaching the connection part (30) is provided in a first range (R1) of the joint surface (4) including the specific part (P). A large bead part (52) is provided in a second range (R2) other than the first range (R1), and the penetration depth of the large bead part (52) is greater than the penetration depth of the small bead part (51).

Description

bonded member and method for manufacturing same
Technical Field
the present invention relates to a joined member made of a plurality of metal sheets welded to each other and a method for manufacturing the same.
Background
when forming a housing, a cover, or the like of various machine parts, a plurality of metal pieces (base materials) may be welded using high-energy beams such as electron beams and laser beams due to restrictions on molding.
For example, in the laser butt welding method of patent document 1, a step of temporarily welding a butt portion at a penetration depth smaller than the tube thickness and a step of melting a tube so as to penetrate the entire region in the tube thickness direction and then substantially welding the entire circumference of the butt portion are performed.
patent document 1: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 10-272586
However, in the conventional welding method using a high-energy beam including patent document 1 and the like, it is not estimated at all that a flow path exists in a butt portion to be welded in the base material. If the welding method of patent document 1 is employed in a structure in which a flow path is present in a butt portion where welding is performed, main welding is performed over the entire circumference of the butt portion, and therefore, a portion around the flow path in the butt portion may melt. When the peripheral portion of the flow path melts, the flow path becomes narrow or blocked. In addition, in the structure in which the flow path is present in the butted portion to be welded, it is necessary to prevent the fluid from leaking from the flow path through the butted portion.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described background, and an object thereof is to provide a joint member in which two metal sheets having a flow path are joined together, in which the flow path is secured, leakage of a fluid from the flow path is prevented, and the joint strength between the metal sheets is secured, and a method for manufacturing the joint member.
One aspect of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a joined member in which a first metal piece and a second metal piece are joined to each other by welding at a joining surface where the first metal piece and the second metal piece face each other by irradiation with a high-energy beam,
a first flow path through which a fluid passes is provided at a predetermined depth from a surface of the first metal piece on a side to which the high energy beam is irradiated, a second flow path through which a fluid passes is provided at a predetermined depth from a surface of the second metal piece on a side to which the high energy beam is irradiated, and the first flow path and the second flow path are connected to each other at the joint surface,
The method of manufacturing the joined member includes:
a first welding that performs welding in a first range of the joint surface including a specific portion overlapping a joint portion of the first flow path and the second flow path when viewed from a surface side to which the high-energy beam is irradiated, the first range being a penetration depth that does not reach the joint portion; and
and a second welding step of welding the joint surface except the specific portion at a penetration depth larger than that of the first welding step in a second range of the joint surface.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to a joined member obtained by joining surfaces of a first metal piece and a second metal piece that face each other,
A first flow path through which a fluid passes is provided in the first metal piece at a predetermined depth from a predetermined surface, a second flow path through which a fluid passes is provided in the second metal piece at a predetermined depth from the predetermined surface, the first flow path and the second flow path being connected to each other at the joint surface,
A small bead portion having a penetration depth not reaching the connection portion is provided in a first range of the joint surface including a specific portion overlapping a connection portion of the first flow path and the second flow path when viewed from the specific surface side,
A large bead portion is provided in a second range of the joint surface excluding the specific portion, and a penetration depth of the large bead portion is deeper than a penetration depth of the small bead portion.
In the above-described method for manufacturing a joined member, a method in the case where welding is performed by irradiation with a high energy beam in a state where a joint portion between the first channel and the second channel is located at a joint surface between the first metal piece and the second metal piece is examined.
Specifically, the first welding is performed in a first range of the joint surface at a penetration depth that does not reach the joint portion. The first range of the joint surface is set to a range including a specific portion overlapping a joint portion of the first channel and the second channel when viewed from the surface side to which the high-energy beam is irradiated.
According to the first welding, the weld penetration is shallow, so that the first metal piece and the second metal piece located in the periphery of the connection portion can be prevented from being partially melted. This prevents the first and second flow paths from being narrowed or blocked, and protects the connection portion from the melting by welding. Further, according to the first welding, the welding can be performed in a short time, and the amount of thermal deformation in the first metal piece and the second metal piece due to thermal deformation of the welding can be suppressed to be small.
In addition, the second welding is performed at a penetration depth larger than that of the first welding in a second range of the joint surface. The second range of the joint surface is set to a range other than the specific portion. According to the second welding, the penetration of the welding is deep, and therefore the bonding strength between the first metal piece and the second metal piece can be appropriately ensured.
In addition, by combining the first welding and the second welding, either one of the first welding and the second welding is performed over the entire range of the joint surface when viewed from the surface side to which the high-energy beam is irradiated. Therefore, airtightness of the connecting portion between the first flow channel and the second flow channel on the surface to which the high-energy beam is irradiated can be ensured. Further, the fluid can be prevented from leaking from the connection portion to the surface to which the high-energy beam is irradiated. Therefore, the connection portion can be protected from the melting by welding, and the structure for ensuring the airtightness of the connection portion can be simplified.
Therefore, according to the method of manufacturing a joint member described above, it is possible to manufacture a joint member that protects the connection portion of the first channel and the second channel, prevents leakage of fluid from the first channel and the second channel, and ensures the joint strength of the first metal piece and the second metal piece.
The joint member has a joint portion between the first flow path and the second flow path on a joint surface between the first metal piece and the second metal piece. The formation state of the weld bead in the joint member is different between the first range of the joint surface and the second range of the joint surface.
specifically, a small bead portion having a penetration depth that does not reach the connection portion is provided in the first range of the joint surface. By forming the small bead portion, the connection portion of the first flow path and the second flow path can be protected from the melting by welding. On the other hand, a large bead portion having a deeper penetration than that of the small bead portion is provided in the second range of the joint surface. By forming the large bead portion, the joining strength of the first metal piece and the second metal piece can be appropriately ensured. In addition, by combining the small bead portion and the large bead portion, either one of the small bead portion and the large bead portion is provided over the entire range of the joint surface when viewed from the specific surface side. Therefore, the fluid can be prevented from leaking from the connection portion between the first channel and the second channel to the specific surface.
The "specific surface" refers to a surface on the welding bead side on which the small bead portion and the large bead portion are formed. The "specific surface" is a surface on the side to which the high-energy beam is irradiated.
therefore, according to the joint member, it is possible to protect the joint portion of the first channel and the second channel, prevent the fluid from leaking from the first channel and the second channel, and ensure the joint strength of the first metal piece and the second metal piece.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an explanatory view showing a joining member in a state seen in a plan view according to example 1.
fig. 2 is an explanatory view showing a joint member in a state of being viewed in cross section according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is an explanatory view showing the periphery of the small bead portion provided in the first range of the joint surface of the joint member in a cross-sectional view according to embodiment 1.
fig. 4 is an explanatory view showing the periphery of the large bead portion provided in the second range of the joint surface of the joint member in a cross-sectional view according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is an explanatory view showing a joint member in which a small bead portion is formed in a state seen in a plan view according to example 1.
Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the second welding is performed while reciprocating between adjacent specific portions according to embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the joining member and the method of manufacturing the same will be described.
In the joining member and the method of manufacturing the same, the specific depth at which the first flow path is provided in the first metal sheet and the specific depth at which the second flow path is provided in the second metal sheet may be formed in the vicinity of the surface on the side to which the high energy beam is irradiated. The specific depth can be formed to a depth shallower than the fusion depth based on the second welding. More specifically, the specific depth can be formed to a depth of 2mm to 10mm from the surface on the side to which the high-energy beam is irradiated.
in the method of manufacturing the joined member, the second welding may be performed after the first welding is performed.
In this case, after the first metal piece and the second metal piece are temporarily fixed by the first welding having a small penetration depth of welding, the first metal piece and the second metal piece can be welded by the second welding having a large penetration depth of welding. Therefore, the first metal piece and the second metal piece can be prevented from being deformed by thermal deformation of the welding by the temporary fixing of the first welding at the time of the second welding.
Further, the second welding may be started from the middle of the first welding.
The first welding may be performed after the second welding.
In this case, the second weld having a deeper penetration is welded before the first weld having a shallower penetration. Then, the first welding is performed after the second welding penetrates not only to the vicinity of the surfaces of the first metal piece and the second metal piece but also to the deep portion. Therefore, a gap can be made less likely to occur in a deep portion of the joint surface between the first metal piece and the second metal piece, and the airtightness of the joint portion between the first flow channel and the second flow channel can be more effectively ensured.
further, the first welding may be started from the middle of the second welding. In this case, the first welding can be started with respect to the portion where the second welding has already been performed.
The first range may be formed over the entire bonding surface when viewed from the surface side to which the high-energy beam is irradiated.
In this case, the first welding can be continuously performed over the entire range of the joint surface, and the control of the start and end of the first welding can be simplified.
In the joining member and the method of manufacturing the same, the first metal piece may be an outer metal piece having a through hole, the second metal piece may be an inner metal piece fitted into the through hole, and the joining surface may be formed by an inner peripheral surface of the through hole and an outer peripheral surface of the inner metal piece.
in this case, the first welding and the second welding are performed on the annular joint surface, and it is possible to protect the joint portion of the first flow path and the second flow path, prevent the fluid from leaking from the first flow path and the second flow path, and secure the joint strength of the first metal piece and the second metal piece.
In the method of manufacturing a joined member, the specific portions may be formed at a plurality of positions of the joined surface when viewed from a surface side to which the high-energy beam is irradiated, and the second welding may be performed by continuously moving the irradiation position of the high-energy beam between two adjacent specific portions alternately in a first direction from one specific portion toward the other specific portion along the joined surface and in a second direction opposite to the first direction.
When the joint surface of the first metal piece and the second metal piece is welded at a constant speed in one direction, the welding start portion (rising portion) and the welding end portion (falling portion) are portions where the heat input amount is reduced and the weld penetration is reduced. In particular, when the specific portion is formed at a plurality of positions of the joint surface, the second welding is performed intermittently in a plurality of second ranges of the joint surface, and therefore the welding start portion and the welding end portion of the second welding are formed in a large number.
Therefore, the welding can be repeated at the welding start portion and the welding end portion by performing the second welding by continuously moving the irradiation position of the high-energy beam alternately in the first direction and the second direction between the adjacent two specific portions. Therefore, the heat input amount to the welding start portion and the welding end portion can be secured, and the penetration of the entire second range of the joint surface can be made nearly uniform.
In the above-described engagement member, the engagement member formed of the first metal plate and the second metal plate may be a clutch drum that forms an oil chamber for engaging a clutch together with a piston accommodated in the clutch drum, and the first flow passage and the second flow passage may be formed as an oil passage for supplying hydraulic oil to the oil chamber.
the above-described engaging member and the manufacturing method thereof can be employed in manufacturing a clutch drum. The above-described joint member and the manufacturing method thereof can be applied to various members other than the clutch drum.
In addition, in the joining member and the method of manufacturing the same described above, the high-energy beam may be an electron beam, a laser beam, an ion beam, or the like. Electron beam based electron beam welding utilizes the collision of electrons discharged from a filament. In addition, laser beam welding based on a laser beam utilizes heat generated from a laser light. Ion beam based ion beam welding utilizes a beam produced by accelerating ions by means of an electric field.
Examples
hereinafter, embodiments of a joint member and a method of manufacturing the joint member will be described with reference to the drawings.
(example 1)
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the joint member 1 of the present example is composed of two metal sheets 2A and 2B welded to each other. The outer metal piece 2A as the first metal piece and the inner metal piece 2B as the second metal piece are joined by welding by irradiation of a high-energy beam at a joining surface 4 where the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B face each other. The first flow path 3A through which the fluid passes is provided in the outer metal piece 2A at a specific depth from the surface 23 on the side to which the high-energy beam is irradiated. The second flow path 3A through which the fluid passes is provided in the inner metal sheet 2B at a predetermined depth from the surface 23 on the side to which the high energy beam is irradiated. The second channel 3B is connected to the first channel 3A at the joint surface 4.
As shown in fig. 3, in a first range R1 of the joint surface 4 including the specific portion P overlapping the joint portion 30 of the first flow path 3A and the second flow path 3B when viewed from the surface 23 side to which the high energy beam is irradiated, a small bead portion (small bead) 51 having a penetration depth (fusion depth) D1 that does not reach the joint portion 30 is provided. As shown in fig. 4, a large bead (big bead) 52 is provided in a second range R2 of the joint surface 4 excluding the first range R1, and the penetration D2 of the large bead 52 is deeper than the penetration D1 of the small bead 51.
first, the joint member 1 of this example will be explained.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the joint member 1 is a clutch drum used in an automatic transmission, and is made of an aluminum material. The two metal sheets 2A and 2B constituting the joining member 1 are an outer metal sheet 2A having a through hole 21 and an inner metal sheet 2B fitted into the through hole 21. The outer metal plates 2A and the inner metal plates 2B are welded integrally to constitute a clutch drum. The joint surface 4 where the two metal sheets 2A and 2B are joined is formed in a circular shape by the inner peripheral surface 211 of the through hole 21 of the outer metal sheet 2A and the outer peripheral surface 22 of the inner metal sheet 2B.
The two metal sheets 2A and 2B are formed in a cylindrical shape having a partial bottom, and a plurality of (8 in this example) first flow paths 3A and a plurality of (8 in this example) second flow paths 3B are radially formed around a central portion 24 of the inner metal sheet 2B.
the welding by the high energy beam of this example is performed in the circumferential direction C of the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B. The circumferential direction C in which the welding by the high energy beam is performed may be indicated as the irradiation direction C of the high energy beam on the joint surface 4. The specific portion P is a portion where the connection portion 30 between the first channel 3A and the second channel 3B is provided, of the circular joining surfaces 4 of the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B. The specific portions P are formed at a plurality of positions (8 positions in this example) in the circumferential direction C of the circular bonding surface 4. The small bead 51 and the large bead 52 are formed at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction C.
As shown in fig. 1, the first range R1 including the specific point P is a range having a width greater than the width in the circumferential direction C of the connecting point 30 of the first flow path 3A and the second flow path 3B. The first range R1 is a range of 2 to 3 times the width of the connection portion 30 in the circumferential direction C, and the connection portion 30 can be set to the center of the first range R1 in the circumferential direction C.
As shown in fig. 2, the clutch drum as the engaging member 1 forms an oil chamber 62 for engaging the clutch together with a piston 61 housed in the clutch drum. A piston 61 for actuating the clutch is slidably disposed inside the outer metal piece 2A. An oil chamber 62 is formed between the piston 61 and the outer metal piece 2A, and the oil chamber 62 supplies hydraulic oil for sliding the piston 61. The first flow passage 3A and the second flow passage 3B form an oil passage for supplying the hydraulic oil to the oil chamber 62.
As shown in the figure, the outer metal piece 2A includes: a bottom surface portion 25; an outer circumferential cylindrical portion 26 that is erected from an outer circumferential end portion of the bottom surface portion 25; and an inner circumferential cylindrical portion 27 provided upright from an inner circumferential end portion of the bottom surface portion 25. The first flow path 3A communicates with an oil chamber 62 surrounded by the bottom surface portion 25, the outer circumferential cylindrical portion 26, the inner circumferential cylindrical portion 27, and the piston 61.
The piston 61 is configured to slide as the pressure of the hydraulic oil supplied to the oil chamber 62 increases, and to press a plurality of not-shown partition plates (Separator plates) fitted into the tooth portions 261 formed on the inner circumferential surface of the outer circumferential cylindrical portion 26 of the outer metal piece 2A. Friction plates to be fitted with other members (hub) not shown are disposed between the plurality of separators. The clutch drum formed of the outer metal plates 2A and the inner metal plates 2B is engaged with another member (hub) not shown, and is rotatable integrally therewith. The piston 61 is configured to slide to an original position by the spring 63 when the pressure of the hydraulic oil supplied to the oil chamber 62 is reduced.
As shown in fig. 2, the first flow path 3A in the outer metal piece 2A and the second flow path 3B in the inner metal piece 2B communicate with each other at the joint surface 4 in various ways. As shown in the first portion S1 of fig. 2, the first flow path 3A and the second flow path 3B may be provided in the radial direction of the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B, respectively, in a hole shape. As shown in the second portion S2 of fig. 2, the first flow path 3A may be provided in a groove shape in the vicinity of the joint surface 4 of the outer metal piece 2A, and the second flow path 3B may be provided in a hole shape in the radial direction of the inner metal piece 2B. As shown in the first portion S1 and the second portion S2, the groove 31 can be formed at the connection point 30 between the first channel 3A and the second channel 3B.
In the joint member 1 formed of the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B, the large bead portion 52 ensures the joint strength, and the small bead portion 51 ensures the airtightness of the joint portion 30 of the first flow path 3A and the second flow path 3B. The small bead 51 of this example seals the gap formed at the joint portion 30 and located at the joint surface 4 against the surface 23 to which the high energy beam is irradiated (the surface 23 on the penetration start side of welding).
Even if the working oil in the flow paths 3A and 3B sometimes penetrates along the joint surface 4, the portion of the joint surface 4 on the surface 23 side is sealed by the small bead 51 and the large bead 52, and thus exposure to the surface 23 can be prevented. The small bead 51 has a function of ensuring airtightness at the connection portion 30 of the first flow path 3A and the second flow path 3B, and thus the sealing structure of the connection portion 30 can be simplified. Further, the small bead 51 is formed at the formation position of the connection portion 30 in the joint surface 4, whereby the shape of each of the flow paths 3A and 3B can be protected from the melting by welding.
The small bead portion 51 also functions as temporary fixing welding of the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B. As shown in fig. 1, in the joint member 1, the small bead 51 is formed and then the large bead 52 is formed, and the end of the large bead 52 overlaps the exposed end 511 of the small bead 51 (the end located at the boundary with the large bead 52) from above.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the penetration D1 of the small bead portion 51 is the minimum penetration that can be welded by high-energy beam welding, which is electron beam welding or laser beam welding. The penetration D1 of the small bead 51 can be formed to be, for example, 0.5mm to 2 mm. On the other hand, the penetration depth D2 of the large bead portion 52 is a penetration depth for obtaining sufficient joining strength of the two metal pieces 2A, 2B. The penetration D2 of the large bead portion 52 can be formed to be 4mm to 10mm, for example.
Next, a method for manufacturing the joint member 1 of this example will be described.
in the method of manufacturing the joint member 1 of this example, welding is performed along the circumferential direction C of the circular joint surfaces 4 where the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B face each other, and the joint member 1 where the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B are joined is obtained. In the manufacturing method of this example, the outer sheet metal 2A and the inner sheet metal 2B are joined together such that the first channel 3A and the second channel 3B are connected by the joint surface 4. In the manufacturing method of this example, the outer sheet metal 2A and the inner sheet metal 2B are joined by performing electron beam welding, that is, fusion welding in which the base materials are melted and joined, in two stages by one welding apparatus.
First, as a preparatory step, as shown in fig. 2, the inner metal piece 2B is fitted into the through hole 21 of the outer metal piece 2A, and the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B are combined. At this time, the inner diameter of the through hole 21 of the outer metal piece 2A is made slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the inner metal piece 2B, and the inner metal piece 2B is fitted into the outer metal piece 2A by pushing in. Thereby, the entire circumference of the inner metal piece 2B is in close contact with the entire circumference of the outer metal piece 2A, and a gap is not generated in the entire circumference of the joint surface 4 between the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B.
Next, as a first welding step, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the entire range in the circumferential direction C of the circular-shaped joint surface 4 formed by the inner peripheral surface 211 of the through hole 21 of the outer metal piece 2A and the outer peripheral surface 22 of the inner metal piece 2B (the entire range of the joint surface 4 when viewed from the surface 23 side to which the high energy beam is applied) is irradiated with the electron beam onto the joint surface 4 so as not to reach the penetration depth D1 of the first flow path 3A and the second flow path 3B, and the first welding is performed. The first welding may be performed by setting the irradiation intensity of the electron beam in the welding device to be extremely weak, as long as the gap between the inner peripheral surface 211 of the through hole 21 of the outer metal piece 2A and the outer peripheral surface 22 of the inner metal piece 2B can be closed from the surface 23 side of the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B.
Further, by performing the first welding, the gap between the connection portions 30 of the first channel 3A and the second channel 3B positioned on the joint surface 4 is sealed from the surface 23 on the side irradiated with the electron beam. Further, a small bead 51 having a penetration depth D1 of 0.5mm to 2mm is formed over the entire circumferential direction C of the joint surface 4.
Next, as a second welding step, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the same welding apparatus as the welding apparatus having performed the first welding is used, and the second welding is performed at a penetration D2 deeper than the penetration D1 of the first welding in a second range R2 excluding the specific portion P in the circumferential direction C of the joint surface 4. For the purpose of joining the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B, the second welding is performed by setting the irradiation intensity of the electron beam in the welding device to be stronger than the irradiation intensity at the time of the first welding.
The second welding is performed by irradiating an electron beam from above the small bead portion 51, which is the welding bead generated by the first welding, over a second range R2 in the circumferential direction C of the joint surface 4. The second welding is performed by alternately repeating the movement in one and the other of the circumferential directions C of the joint surface 4 in the second range R2. In other words, the second welding is performed by continuously moving the irradiation position of the high-energy beam between the adjacent two specific portions P alternately in the first direction C1 from one specific portion P toward the other specific portion P along the joint surface 4 and in the second direction C2 opposite to the first direction C1.
As shown in fig. 6, in the second welding of this example, as the first welding L1, welding is performed from the first end 501 to the second end 502 of the second range R2 toward one side (the first direction C1) in the circumferential direction C of the joint surface 4, then as the second welding L2, welding is performed from the second end 502 to the first end 501 toward the other side (the second direction C2) in the circumferential direction C of the joint surface 4, and then as the third welding L3, welding is performed from the first end 501 to the second end 502 toward one side (the first direction C1) in the circumferential direction C of the joint surface 4. In the figure, an electron beam is denoted by reference numeral X.
The weld penetration is increased each time the electron beam irradiation is repeated. Further, a large bead portion 52 having a penetration depth D2 of 4mm to 10mm is formed in a second range R2 excluding the first range R1 in the circumferential direction C of the joint surface 4.
Further, before the first welding is performed on the entire circumference of the joint surface 4 in the circumferential direction C, the second welding may be started from above the portion where the first welding has been performed.
Next, the operation and effects of the joining member 1 and the joining method of the present example will be described.
The welding beads 51, 52 in the joint member 1 of this example are formed in a state different from other portions in the vicinity of the connection portion 30 of the first flow path 3A and the second flow path 3B. In a circumferential direction C of the joint surface 4 between the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B, a small bead portion 51 that does not reach the penetration D1 of the flow path 3 is provided in a first range R1 including a specific portion P overlapping the joint portion 30 of the first flow path 3A and the second flow path 3B when viewed from the surface 23 to which the high energy beam is irradiated. By forming the small bead 51, the joint portion 30 of the first flow path 3A and the second flow path 3B can be protected from the melting by welding.
On the other hand, the large bead 52 is provided in a second range R2 other than the first range R1, and the penetration depth D2 of the large bead 52 is deeper than the penetration depth D1 of the small bead 51. By forming the large bead portion 52, the joining strength of the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B can be appropriately ensured.
In addition, by combining the small bead portion 51 and the large bead portion 52, either one of the small bead portion 51 and the large bead portion 52 is provided over the entire range of the joint surface 4 when viewed from the surface 23 side to which the high energy beam is irradiated. Therefore, the working oil can be prevented from leaking from the connecting portion 30 of the first flow path 3A and the second flow path 3B to the surface 23 irradiated with the high energy beam.
Therefore, according to the joint member 1 of this example, it is possible to protect the joint portion 30 of the first flow path 3A and the second flow path 3B, prevent the fluid from leaking from the first flow path 3A and the second flow path 3B, and ensure the joint strength of the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B.
In the method of manufacturing the joined member 1, the first welding in the first welding step is performed as a provisional welding before the main welding of the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B is performed. According to the first welding as the provisional welding, since the weld penetration D1 is shallow, the portions of the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B located in the periphery of the joining portion 30 can be prevented from being melted. This prevents the first flow channel 3A and the second flow channel 3B from being narrowed or blocked, and protects the connection portion 4 from the fusion by welding. Further, according to the first welding, the welding can be performed in a short time, and the amount of thermal deformation due to the thermal deformation of the welding in the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B can be suppressed to be small.
Further, according to the large bead portion 52 formed by the second welding in the second welding step, the weld penetration D2 is deep, so that the joint strength between the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B can be appropriately ensured.
In addition, by the combination of the first welding and the second welding, either one of the first welding and the second welding is performed over the entire range of the joint surface 4 when viewed from the surface 23 side to which the electron beam is irradiated. Therefore, the airtightness of the connection portion 30 between the first channel 3A and the second channel 3B on the surface 23 to which the high energy beam is irradiated can be ensured. Further, the working oil can be prevented from leaking from the connecting portion 30 to the surface 23 to which the high energy beam is irradiated. Therefore, the connection portion 30 can be protected from the melting by welding, and the structure for ensuring the airtightness of the connection portion 30 can be simplified.
In the second welding in the second range R2 other than the first range R1, when the welding is performed at a constant speed in one direction in the circumferential direction C of the joint surface 4 between the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B, the amount of heat input to the welding start portion (rising portion) and the welding end portion (falling portion) is reduced, and the weld penetration becomes shallow. Further, since the second welding is performed intermittently in the plurality of second ranges R2, the welding start portion and the welding end portion of the second welding are formed more frequently.
Therefore, the second welding in the second range R2 of the present example is performed by continuously moving the irradiation position of the high-energy beam alternately in the first direction C1 and the second direction C2 between two adjacent specific portions P. At this time, welding is repeated at first end 501 which becomes a welding start portion and second end 502 which becomes a welding end portion. Therefore, the heat input amount to the welding start portion and the welding end portion can be secured, and the penetration of the second range R2 as a whole can be made nearly uniform.
After the temporary fixation of the outer sheet metal 2A and the inner sheet metal 2B is performed by the first welding having the shallow welding penetration depth D1, the main welding of the outer sheet metal 2A and the inner sheet metal 2B can be performed by the second welding having the deep welding penetration depth D2. Therefore, when the second welding is performed, the temporary fixation by the first welding prevents the outer sheet metal 2A and the inner sheet metal 2B from being deformed by thermal deformation of the welding. Further, by performing the first welding and the second welding by the same welding apparatus, the manufacturing process of the joined member 1 manufactured by performing the two types of welding can be simplified, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
(example 2)
this example illustrates a method of manufacturing the joined member 1 in which the second welding is performed in the second range R2 at the penetration depth D2 that can not reach the first channel 3A and the second channel 3B, and then the first welding is performed in the first range R1 at the penetration depth D1 that cannot reach the first channel 3A and the second channel 3B.
In this example, the first welding step shown in example 1 was performed after the second welding step shown in example 1 was performed.
In the case where the second welding step is performed after the first welding step as described in example 1, the following problems may occur.
When the first welding is performed in the circumferential direction C of the joint surface 4 between the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B, the metal material is melted and resolidified in the vicinity of the surface 23 on the side irradiated with the high energy beam. In this case, in the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B, the metal material solidifies and contracts at the portion of the penetration depth D1 of the small bead portion 51 caused by the first welding, while the metal material does not solidify and contract at the portion deeper than the penetration depth D1. As a result, there is a fear that: in the joint surface 4 between the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B, a gap is formed between the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B at a portion deeper than the penetration depth D1, particularly at a portion deeper than the portions where the first flow path 3A and the second flow path 3B are formed.
When such a gap occurs, there is a concern that: when the second welding is performed in the circumferential direction C of the joint surface 4 between the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B, the metal material is incompletely melted at the joint surface 4 at the portion where the second welding is performed due to the gap. Moreover, there is a fear that: when the large bead portion 52 is formed by the second welding, the joint strength between the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B cannot be appropriately secured. In addition, when the gap is large, it may be difficult to ensure airtightness at the connection portion 30 between the first channel 3A and the second channel 3B.
In this example, after the second welding is performed in the second range R2, the first welding process is performed over the entire region in the circumferential direction C of the joint surface 4 or the first range R1.
in addition, in the second welding, not only the metal material in the shallow portion of the joint surface 4 between the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B can be melted, but also the metal material in the deep portion can be melted. Accordingly, the metal material in the second range R2 of the joint surface 4 from the shallow portion to the deep portion melts, solidifies, and contracts, and the joint strength between the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B can be sufficiently ensured. Further, since the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B are firmly joined, when the first welding is performed after the second welding, deformation such as a gap is not generated in a deep portion of the first range R1 where the first welding is performed. This can effectively ensure the joining strength between the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B, and also can effectively ensure the airtightness of the connecting portion 30 between the first channel 3A and the second channel 3B.
The first welding of this example may be performed over the entire region in the circumferential direction C of the joint surface 4 between the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B. The first welding of the present example may be performed only in the first range R1 in the circumferential direction C of the joint surface 4. Particularly, when welding the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B which are easily deformed by heat input, it is preferable to perform the first welding of the present example only in the first range R1.
In this example, the advantages in the case where the first welding is performed after the second welding is performed are described. However, the first welding and the second welding can be determined in advance according to the type of the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B as the workpieces to be welded. Specifically, it is possible to determine which of the first welding and the second welding is performed first, taking into account differences in the material (thermal conductivity) and shape of the workpiece to be welded, the amount of solidification shrinkage during heating and cooling, the amount of heat input due to the irradiation conditions of the high-energy beam during welding, and the like.
Further, it is also possible to determine which of the first welding and the second welding is performed first, taking into account the deformation of the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B due to the first welding and the deformation of the outer metal piece 2A and the inner metal piece 2B due to the second welding.
In this example, the same operational effects as in example 1 can be obtained by other configurations and components denoted by reference numerals in the drawings, as in example 1. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various embodiments can be configured without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (14)

1. A method for manufacturing a joined member by welding a joining surface of a first metal piece and a second metal piece facing each other by irradiating high-energy beams, wherein the joining member is obtained by joining the first metal piece and the second metal piece together
A first flow path through which a fluid passes is provided in the first metal piece at a predetermined depth from a surface on a side to which the high energy beam is irradiated, a second flow path through which a fluid passes is provided in the second metal piece at a predetermined depth from a surface on a side to which the high energy beam is irradiated, and the first flow path and the second flow path are connected to each other at the joint surface,
The method of manufacturing the joined member includes:
A first welding that performs welding with a penetration depth that does not reach a connection portion between the first flow path and the second flow path in a first range of the joint surface including a specific portion overlapping the connection portion when viewed from a surface side to which the high-energy beam is irradiated; and
And a second welding step of welding the joint surface except the specific portion at a second range of the joint surface at a penetration depth larger than that of the first welding step.
2. The method of manufacturing a joined member according to claim 1,
The second welding is performed after the first welding is performed.
3. The method of manufacturing a joined member according to claim 1, wherein
The first welding is performed after the second welding is performed.
4. the method of manufacturing a joined member according to claim 2,
The first range is formed over the entire range of the bonding surface when viewed from the surface side to which the high-energy beam is irradiated.
5. The method of manufacturing a joined member according to claim 3,
The first range is formed over the entire range of the bonding surface when viewed from the surface side to which the high-energy beam is irradiated.
6. The method of manufacturing a joined member according to claim 1,
The first metal piece is an outer metal piece having a through hole, the second metal piece is an inner metal piece fitted into the through hole,
The joint surface is formed by an inner peripheral surface of the through hole and an outer peripheral surface of the inner metal piece.
7. The method of manufacturing a joined member according to claim 2,
The first metal piece is an outer metal piece having a through hole, the second metal piece is an inner metal piece fitted into the through hole,
the joint surface is formed by an inner peripheral surface of the through hole and an outer peripheral surface of the inner metal piece.
8. The method of manufacturing a joined member according to claim 3,
The first metal piece is an outer metal piece having a through hole, the second metal piece is an inner metal piece fitted into the through hole,
The joint surface is formed by an inner peripheral surface of the through hole and an outer peripheral surface of the inner metal piece.
9. The method of manufacturing a joined member according to claim 4,
The first metal piece is an outer metal piece having a through hole, the second metal piece is an inner metal piece fitted into the through hole,
the joint surface is formed by an inner peripheral surface of the through hole and an outer peripheral surface of the inner metal piece.
10. the method of manufacturing a joined member according to claim 5,
The first metal piece is an outer metal piece having a through hole, the second metal piece is an inner metal piece fitted into the through hole,
The joint surface is formed by an inner peripheral surface of the through hole and an outer peripheral surface of the inner metal piece.
11. The method for manufacturing a joined member according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
The specific portion is formed at a plurality of positions of the bonding surface when viewed from a surface side on which the high-energy beam is irradiated,
The second welding is performed by continuously moving the irradiation position of the high-energy beam between two adjacent specific portions alternately in a first direction from one specific portion toward the other specific portion along the joint surface and in a second direction opposite to the first direction.
12. A joint member formed by joining surfaces of a first metal piece and a second metal piece facing each other,
A first channel through which a fluid passes is provided in the first metal piece at a specific depth from a specific surface, a second channel through which a fluid passes is provided in the second metal piece at a specific depth from the specific surface, and the first channel and the second channel are connected to each other at the joint surface,
a small bead portion having a penetration depth that does not reach a connection portion of the first flow path and the second flow path is provided in a first range of the joint surface including a specific portion overlapping the connection portion when viewed from the specific surface side,
a large bead portion having a deeper penetration than that of the small bead portion is provided in a second range of the joint surface excluding the specific portion.
13. The joining component of claim 12,
The first metal piece is an outer metal piece having a through hole, the second metal piece is an inner metal piece fitted into the through hole,
The joint surface is formed by an inner peripheral surface of the through hole and an outer peripheral surface of the inner metal piece.
14. The joining component of claim 12 or 13,
the engaging member formed of the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet is a clutch drum,
the clutch drum forms an oil chamber for engaging the clutch together with a piston accommodated in the clutch drum,
the first and second flow passages form an oil passage for supplying the hydraulic oil to the oil chamber.
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