CN107388899B - Light composite bulletproof plate and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Light composite bulletproof plate and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107388899B CN107388899B CN201710820356.3A CN201710820356A CN107388899B CN 107388899 B CN107388899 B CN 107388899B CN 201710820356 A CN201710820356 A CN 201710820356A CN 107388899 B CN107388899 B CN 107388899B
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- bulletproof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
- F41H5/0421—Ceramic layers in combination with metal layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/043—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
- C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
- C23C2/405—Plates of specific length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/026—Anodisation with spark discharge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/06—Coating on the layer surface on metal layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
- B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
Abstract
The light composite bulletproof plate is formed by overlapping a plurality of bulletproof substrates in a hot-press forming mode, a main structural member of the bulletproof substrates is a steel mesh plate, and an aluminum coating layer and a ceramic layer are sequentially prepared on the outer surface of the steel mesh plate; the thickness of the steel mesh plate is 0.1 mm-1 mm; the mesh aperture of the steel mesh plate is less than or equal to 0.4mm; the thickness of the aluminum coating layer is more than or equal to 0.05mm; the thickness of the ceramic layer is more than or equal to 0.01mm; the aluminum coating layer is prepared by adopting a hot dip plating mode; the ceramic layer is prepared by adopting a micro-arc oxidation mode. The manufacturing method of the bulletproof plate comprises the following steps: selecting a steel screen plate according to the design requirement of the bulletproof plate; carrying out hot-dip aluminum treatment on the selected steel screen plate to prepare an aluminum-coated layer; micro-arc oxidation treatment is carried out on the steel screen plate with the aluminum coating layer, and the prepared Al 2 O 3 A ceramic layer; carrying out heat diffusion treatment on the steel mesh plate with the aluminum coating layer and the ceramic layer, and finishing the preparation of the bulletproof substrate; and carrying out hot press molding treatment on the bulletproof substrates in the stacked state, and ensuring that meshes of adjacent bulletproof substrates are arranged in a staggered manner until the preparation of the bulletproof plates is completed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bulletproof plate manufacturing, and particularly relates to a light composite bulletproof plate and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
With the continuous increase of the speed and impact energy of the projectile, higher requirements are also put on the protection performance of the additional armor of the weapon equipment. The bulletproof plate is subjected to evolution from an elemental bulletproof plate to a composite bulletproof plate, the elemental bulletproof plate is also developed from the earliest metal material to a ceramic material, and the composite bulletproof plate is also developed from the earlier traditional material composite board to a high polymer fiber fabric material composite board.
For the metal material bulletproof plate, the simple substance bulletproof plate with the longest application time span and the largest application quantity can generate better protection performance on weapon equipment under early stage of bullet speed and impact energy, but the metal material bulletproof plate is difficult to meet the protection requirement along with the further improvement of the bullet speed and the impact energy. Therefore, the ceramic bulletproof plate is increasingly used due to the ultrahigh hardness of the ceramic bulletproof plate, and in order to make up for the defects of the metal bulletproof plate, the ceramic bulletproof plate and the metal bulletproof plate are matched for use, and the protection efficiency of the ceramic bulletproof plate can reach more than twice that of the metal bulletproof plate; however, although the protection efficiency is effectively improved, the anti-striking capability of the ceramic material is weak, and the ceramic material is extremely easy to crack under the high-speed impact of the projectile due to the brittleness characteristic of the ceramic material, and the cracked ceramic material bulletproof plate also loses the original protection performance.
At present, polymer fiber fabric materials are increasingly applied to the field of bulletproof plates, the strength of the polymer fiber fabric materials can reach five times that of steel, and the polymer fiber fabric materials are almost used for the high-performance bulletproof plates at the present stage. For the traditional composite bulletproof plate, basically, the lamination of the metal bulletproof plate and the ceramic bulletproof plate is compounded, and in order to improve the protective performance of the bulletproof plate, the thickness and the lamination number of the bulletproof plate can only be continuously increased, but the weight of the bulletproof plate is forced to be increased, and the increase of the weight inevitably has negative influence on the maneuvering flexibility of equipment. However, when the polymer fiber fabric material is applied to the bulletproof plate, although the thickness and weight of the bulletproof plate are effectively reduced, there is still a lower limit value for the thickness and weight of the bulletproof plate in order to ensure the protective performance of the bulletproof plate, that is, it has been difficult to achieve the purpose of further reducing the thickness and weight of the bulletproof plate without affecting the protective performance, and on the other hand, the improvement of the flexibility of the equipment is restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a light composite bulletproof plate and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the bulletproof plate adopts a steel screen plate as a main structural member for the first time, an aluminum coating layer and a ceramic layer are sequentially prepared on the surface of the steel screen plate, and the bulletproof plate is formed by overlapping a plurality of bulletproof substrates.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a light composite bulletproof plate is formed by overlapping a plurality of bulletproof substrates, wherein a main structural member of the bulletproof substrate is a steel screen plate, and an aluminum coating layer and a ceramic layer are sequentially prepared on the outer surface of the steel screen plate.
The thickness of the steel mesh plate is 0.1 mm-1 mm.
The mesh aperture of the steel mesh plate is less than or equal to 0.4mm.
The thickness of the aluminum coating layer is more than or equal to 0.05mm.
The thickness of the ceramic layer is more than or equal to 0.01mm.
The aluminum coating layer is prepared by adopting a hot dip plating mode.
The ceramic layer is prepared by adopting a micro-arc oxidation mode.
The light composite bulletproof plate is prepared by overlapping a plurality of bulletproof substrates in a hot press forming mode.
A manufacturing method of a light composite bulletproof plate comprises the following steps:
step one: selecting a steel screen plate with corresponding thickness, size and mesh aperture according to the design requirement of the bulletproof plate;
step two: carrying out hot-dip aluminum treatment on the selected steel screen plate to prepare an aluminum-coated layer with corresponding thickness on the surface of the steel screen plate;
step three: carrying out micro-arc oxidation treatment on the steel screen plate with the aluminum coating layer, wherein the micro-arc oxidation solution is aluminum micro-arc oxidation solution, the micro-arc oxidation power supply mode is constant current or constant voltage, the voltage is 400-800V, the micro-arc oxidation treatment time is less than or equal to 20min, so as to prepare a ceramic layer with corresponding thickness on the surface of the aluminum coating layer, and the ceramic layer is made of Al 2 O 3 ;
Step four: carrying out heat diffusion treatment on the steel mesh plate with the aluminum coating layer and the ceramic layer, wherein the heat diffusion treatment temperature is 950-1000 ℃ and the heat diffusion treatment time is 4-6 h; after the thermal diffusion treatment is finished, the preparation of the bulletproof substrate is finished;
step five: firstly, stacking prepared bulletproof substrates layer by layer, ensuring mesh staggered arrangement between adjacent bulletproof substrates, and then performing hot press forming treatment on the stacked bulletproof substrates, wherein the hot press forming treatment temperature is an aluminum melting point, the hot press forming treatment pressure is 15 Mpa-25 Mpa, and the hot press forming treatment time is 30 min-60 min; and after the hot press forming treatment is finished, the preparation of the light composite bulletproof plate is finished.
The specific process flow of the hot dip aluminum treatment in the second step is as follows:
step 1: pickling the steel screen plate, wherein the pickling solution is 160g/l to 200g/l of hydrochloric acid, the pickling temperature is 15 ℃ to 25 ℃, and the pickling time is 2min to 5min;
step 2: firstly, drying the steel mesh plate subjected to acid washing, and then washing the steel mesh plate with distilled water at the washing temperature of 65-75 ℃ for 5-10 min;
step 3: carrying out plating assisting treatment on the steel screen plate after water washing, wherein the plating assisting liquid is an ammonium chloride solution with the concentration of 200 g/l-400 g/l, the pH value of the ammonium chloride solution is 4-5, the plating assisting temperature is 70-90 ℃, and the plating assisting time is 3-5 min;
step 4: and (3) carrying out hot-dip aluminum treatment on the steel screen plate after plating assistance, wherein the aluminum liquid is prepared by melting aluminum ingots with more than 1 grade or industrial pure aluminum, the hot-dip aluminum treatment temperature is 710-730 ℃, and the hot-dip aluminum treatment time is 2-3 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the bullet-proof plate adopts the steel screen plate as the main structural member for the first time, the aluminum coating layer and the ceramic layer are sequentially prepared on the surface of the steel screen plate, and the bullet-proof plate is formed by overlapping a plurality of bullet-proof substrates.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a single layer ballistic substrate;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a lightweight composite ballistic panel formed from two layers of ballistic substrates stacked;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a lightweight composite ballistic panel formed from a stack of three ballistic substrates;
in the figure, 1-bulletproof substrate, 2-steel screen plate, 3-aluminum coating layer and 4-ceramic layer.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a light composite bulletproof plate is formed by overlapping a plurality of bulletproof substrates 1, wherein a main structural member of the bulletproof substrate 1 is a steel screen plate 2, and an aluminum coating layer 3 and a ceramic layer 4 are sequentially prepared on the outer surface of the steel screen plate 2.
The thickness of the steel mesh plate 2 is 0.1 mm-1 mm.
The mesh aperture of the steel mesh plate 2 is less than or equal to 0.4mm.
The thickness of the aluminum coating layer 3 is more than or equal to 0.05mm.
The thickness of the ceramic layer 4 is more than or equal to 0.01mm.
The aluminum coating layer 3 is prepared by adopting a hot dip plating mode.
The ceramic layer 4 is prepared by adopting a micro-arc oxidation mode.
The light composite bulletproof plate is prepared by overlapping a plurality of bulletproof base plates 1 in a hot press forming mode.
A manufacturing method of a light composite bulletproof plate comprises the following steps:
step one: according to the design requirement of the bulletproof plate, selecting a steel screen plate 2 with corresponding thickness, size and mesh aperture; in the embodiment, the thickness of the steel mesh plate 2 is 0.5mm, and the mesh aperture of the steel mesh plate 2 is 0.15mm;
step two: carrying out hot-dip aluminum treatment on the selected steel mesh plate 2 to prepare an aluminum-coated layer 3 with the thickness of 0.1mm on the surface of the steel mesh plate 2; the specific process flow of the hot dip aluminum treatment is as follows:
step 1: pickling the steel screen plate 2, wherein the pickling solution is 180g/l hydrochloric acid, the pickling temperature is 20+/-2 ℃, and the pickling time is 3min;
step 2: firstly, drying the steel mesh plate 2 subjected to acid washing, and then washing the steel mesh plate 2 with distilled water at 70+/-2 ℃ for 8min;
step 3: carrying out plating assisting treatment on the steel screen plate 2 after water washing, wherein the plating assisting liquid is ammonium chloride solution with the concentration of 300g/l, the pH value of the ammonium chloride solution is 4-5, the plating assisting temperature is 80+/-2 ℃, and the plating assisting time is 4min;
step 4: carrying out hot dip aluminum treatment on the steel screen plate 2 after plating assistance, wherein aluminum liquid is prepared by melting aluminum ingots with more than 1 grade or industrial pure aluminum, the hot dip aluminum treatment temperature is 720 ℃ +/-5 ℃, and the hot dip aluminum treatment time is 3min;
step three: carrying out micro-arc oxidation treatment on the steel screen plate 2 with the aluminum coating layer 3, wherein the micro-arc oxidation solution is a mixed solution of sodium silicate and sodium fluoride with the concentration of 5 g/l-10 g/l, the micro-arc oxidation power supply mode is that constant current is carried out firstly, then constant voltage is carried out, positive voltage is 450V, negative voltage is 50V, positive current is 6A, negative current is 3A, duty ratio is 30%, micro-arc oxidation treatment time is 20min, so that a ceramic layer 4 with the concentration of about 0.05mm is prepared on the surface of the aluminum coating layer 3 in an in-situ growth mode, and the material of the ceramic layer 4 is Al 2 O 3 ;
Step four: carrying out heat diffusion treatment on the steel mesh plate 2 with the aluminum-coated layer 3 and the ceramic layer 4, wherein the heat diffusion treatment temperature is 980+/-5 ℃, and the heat diffusion treatment time is 5 hours; after the thermal diffusion treatment is finished, the preparation of the bulletproof substrate 1 is finished;
step five: firstly, stacking prepared bulletproof substrates 1 layer by layer, ensuring mesh staggered arrangement between adjacent bulletproof substrates 1, and then performing hot press forming treatment on the stacked bulletproof substrates 1, wherein the hot press forming treatment temperature is an aluminum melting point, the hot press forming treatment pressure is 20Mpa, and the hot press forming treatment time is 45min; and after the hot press forming treatment is finished, the preparation of the light composite bulletproof plate is finished.
When the light composite bulletproof plate is adopted by the light armored vehicle and other equipment, once the bullets are attacked by the bullets, most of impact energy of the bullets is absorbed by the ceramic layer 4 of the bulletproof plate after the bullets are impacted by the bullets, the bullets are broken due to high-speed impact, and broken bullet fragments still carry part of impact energy, at the moment, the direction of the bullet fragments is forced to be changed due to the existence of a mesh structure, and the energy of the bullet fragments is further weakened, so that the equipment body is effectively protected.
The embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather are intended to cover all equivalent implementations or modifications that can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A light composite bulletproof board, which is characterized in that: the bulletproof plate is formed by overlapping a plurality of bulletproof base plates, wherein a main structural member of the bulletproof base plates is a steel screen plate, and an aluminum coating layer and a ceramic layer are sequentially prepared on the outer surface of the steel screen plate; the thickness of the steel mesh plate is 0.1 mm-1 mm; the mesh aperture of the steel mesh plate is less than or equal to 0.4mm; the thickness of the aluminum coating layer is more than or equal to 0.05mm; the thickness of the ceramic layer is more than or equal to 0.01mm; the aluminum coating layer is prepared by adopting a hot dip plating mode; the ceramic layer is prepared by adopting a micro-arc oxidation mode; the light composite bulletproof plate is prepared by overlapping a plurality of bulletproof substrates in a hot press forming mode; the manufacturing method of the light composite bulletproof plate comprises the following steps:
step one: selecting a steel screen plate with corresponding thickness, size and mesh aperture according to the design requirement of the bulletproof plate;
step two: carrying out hot-dip aluminum treatment on the selected steel screen plate to prepare an aluminum-coated layer with corresponding thickness on the surface of the steel screen plate; the specific process flow of the hot dip aluminum treatment is as follows:
step 1: pickling the steel screen plate, wherein the pickling solution is 160g/l to 200g/l of hydrochloric acid, the pickling temperature is 15 ℃ to 25 ℃, and the pickling time is 2min to 5min;
step 2: firstly, drying the steel mesh plate subjected to acid washing, and then washing the steel mesh plate with distilled water at the washing temperature of 65-75 ℃ for 5-10 min;
step 3: carrying out plating assisting treatment on the steel screen plate after water washing, wherein the plating assisting liquid is an ammonium chloride solution with the concentration of 200 g/l-400 g/l, the pH value of the ammonium chloride solution is 4-5, the plating assisting temperature is 70-90 ℃, and the plating assisting time is 3-5 min;
step 4: carrying out hot-dip aluminum treatment on the steel screen plate after plating assistance, wherein the aluminum liquid is prepared by melting aluminum ingots with more than 1 level, the hot-dip aluminum treatment temperature is 710-730 ℃, and the hot-dip aluminum treatment time is 2-3 min;
step three: carrying out micro-arc oxidation treatment on the steel screen plate with the aluminum coating layer, wherein the micro-arc oxidation solution is aluminum micro-arc oxidation solution, the micro-arc oxidation power supply mode is constant current or constant voltage, the voltage is 400-800V, the micro-arc oxidation treatment time is less than or equal to 20min, so as to prepare a ceramic layer with corresponding thickness on the surface of the aluminum coating layer, and the ceramic layer is made of Al 2 O 3 ;
Step four: carrying out heat diffusion treatment on the steel mesh plate with the aluminum coating layer and the ceramic layer, wherein the heat diffusion treatment temperature is 950-1000 ℃ and the heat diffusion treatment time is 4-6 h; after the thermal diffusion treatment is finished, the preparation of the bulletproof substrate is finished;
step five: firstly, stacking prepared bulletproof substrates layer by layer, ensuring mesh staggered arrangement between adjacent bulletproof substrates, and then performing hot press forming treatment on the stacked bulletproof substrates, wherein the hot press forming treatment temperature is an aluminum melting point, the hot press forming treatment pressure is 15 Mpa-25 Mpa, and the hot press forming treatment time is 30 min-60 min; and after the hot press forming treatment is finished, the preparation of the light composite bulletproof plate is finished.
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CN114485275A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-05-13 | 山东莱威新材料有限公司 | Ultra-light bulletproof ceramic plate and preparation method thereof |
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