CN110608636A - Titanium alloy composite armor - Google Patents
Titanium alloy composite armor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110608636A CN110608636A CN201910757898.XA CN201910757898A CN110608636A CN 110608636 A CN110608636 A CN 110608636A CN 201910757898 A CN201910757898 A CN 201910757898A CN 110608636 A CN110608636 A CN 110608636A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/023—Armour plate, or auxiliary armour plate mounted at a distance of the main armour plate, having cavities at its outer impact surface, or holes, for deflecting the projectile
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
- F41H5/0421—Ceramic layers in combination with metal layers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a titanium alloy composite armor, and belongs to the technical field of engineering application. The high-strength titanium-based composite material sequentially comprises a titanium alloy layer, a boron carbide ceramic layer, a graphene film layer and a high-strength titanium alloy layer, wherein the side surfaces of the boron carbide ceramic layer and the graphene film layer are wrapped by the titanium alloy, the titanium alloy layer and the high-strength titanium alloy layer are fixedly connected, and the boron carbide ceramic layer and the graphene film layer are integrally packaged. Compared with homogeneous armor steel, the composite armor provided by the invention has the weight reduction effect as high as 48-61%, and the all-titanium alloy packaging structure can be applied to various complex environments such as damp and hot environment, rain environment, salt fog environment and the like; compared with the titanium alloy composite armor with the same structure and without the graphene film, the composite armor has the advantages of smaller back deformation and better protective performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a titanium alloy composite armor, and belongs to the technical field of engineering application.
Background
Along with the continuous development of high-efficient damage technology and air-ground integration, remote striking, non-contact combat modes and the like, the probability of bullet in the tank armored vehicle is higher and higher, and in order to avoid or effectively resist the attack of novel weapons and ammunition, the armor thickness of the tank armored vehicle is larger and larger, and the maneuverability of the combat vehicle is seriously influenced. Therefore, light weight, high ballistic resistance, high environmental suitability have become design and application targets of equipment of a new generation of tank vehicles and the like. The armors of the foreign main battle tanks mostly adopt a composite armor structure, and the armor mainly adopts light composite materials and ceramics, such as American M1 (thin steel plate + Kevlar reinforced nylon + ceramic + aluminum alloy + steel plate), Russian T80 (homogeneous steel + bulletproof ceramic + glass fiber reinforced phenolic + homogeneous steel), Germany leopard II (thin steel plate + ceramic + composite material + thick steel plate), and the like. At present, tank vehicles in China generally adopt steel bulletproof armors, however, the weight design requirements of novel tanks tend to be extreme, armor steel cannot meet the lightweight design requirements, and novel high-performance lightweight materials (titanium alloy, composite materials and the like) need to be adopted to replace traditional materials (steel) to serve as main materials of composite armors.
The titanium alloy has high strength and toughness and good dynamic plasticity, and the bulletproof performance and the weight reduction effect are superior to those of armored aluminum alloy, and the titanium alloy is successfully used for a gun turret, a command cabin cover, a balance elbow, a hanging armor and the like of a tank armored vehicle to reduce the weight of the armor. The titanium alloy rotary gun tower plate, the gunman main sight cover, the engine top cover, the turret pivot frame, the command cabin cover and other parts are produced and identified by the American army by replacing armored steel with titanium alloy, and the titanium alloy rotary gun tower plate, the gunman main sight cover, the engine top cover, the turret pivot frame, the command cabin cover and other parts are mainly used for protecting control personnel and important equipment, so that a good weight reduction effect is achieved. The graphene is the most hard nano material with the highest specific strength, the breaking strength is as high as 130GPa, and researches show that the graphene can be used for bullet-proof glass, body armor, light armored vehicles and the like to resist small and medium-caliber bullets with smaller power.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: overcomes the defects of heavy weight, simplified protection and difficult long-term use in severe combat environments (damp heat, rain, salt mist and the like) of the composite armor in the prior art, and provides a light composite armor which can defend against armor-piercing bullets and armor-breaking bullets and has strong environmental adaptability.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the titanium alloy composite armor comprises a titanium alloy layer, a boron carbide ceramic layer, a graphene film layer and a high-strength titanium alloy layer in sequence, wherein the side surfaces of the boron carbide ceramic layer and the graphene film layer are wrapped by titanium alloy, the titanium alloy layer and the high-strength titanium alloy layer are fixedly connected, and the boron carbide ceramic layer and the graphene film layer are integrally packaged.
The thickness of the titanium alloy layer is 2 mm-3 mm.
The thickness of the boron carbide ceramic is 20 mm-50 mm.
The graphene film is a copper foil serving as a substrate, adopts a thin film structure formed by chemical vapor deposition and self-generation, and further comprises a copper foil combined with the graphene film, wherein the total thickness of the graphene film and the copper foil is 1-2 mm.
The tensile strength at room temperature of the high-strength titanium alloy layer is more than 1350MPa, and the thickness of the high-strength titanium alloy layer is 15 mm-55 mm.
And titanium alloy with the thickness of 3-5 mm is adopted on the side surfaces of the boron carbide ceramic layer and the graphene film layer.
And welding the titanium alloy, the titanium alloy layer and the high-strength titanium alloy layer.
And performing vacuum plasma welding or argon arc welding between the titanium alloy and the titanium alloy layer and between the titanium alloy and the high-strength titanium alloy layer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with armor steel, the titanium alloy composite armor provided by the invention can realize a weight reduction effect of 48-61%, and meets the design requirements of lightweight and high maneuverability of a new generation of tank armor.
2. The titanium alloy composite armor provided by the invention can effectively defend armor-piercing bullets, armor-breaking bullets and the like, and meets the requirement of protection diversity.
3. According to the titanium alloy composite armor provided by the invention, the graphene film can play double roles of bullet resistance and energy absorption, and the protection effect is improved.
4. The titanium alloy composite armor provided by the invention is integrally packaged by adopting the full titanium alloy, and the high corrosion resistance of the titanium alloy enables the titanium alloy composite armor to be applied to severe operational environments such as damp heat, rain, salt mist and the like, so that the requirement on environmental adaptability is met.
5. The titanium alloy composite armor provided by the invention has the advantages of simple and feasible preparation process and controllable batch stability.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
The titanium alloy composite armor comprises a titanium alloy layer, a boron carbide ceramic layer, a graphene film layer and a high-strength titanium alloy layer in sequence, wherein the side surfaces of the boron carbide ceramic layer and the graphene film layer are wrapped by titanium alloy, the titanium alloy layer and the high-strength titanium alloy layer are fixedly connected, and the boron carbide ceramic layer and the graphene film layer are integrally packaged.
Preferably, the thickness of the titanium alloy layer is 2 mm-3 mm, and the titanium alloy layer is prepared by automatic material mixing, vacuum consumable melting, forging, rolling, heat treatment and machining;
preferably, the thickness of the boron carbide ceramic is 20 mm-50 mm, the boron carbide ceramic is prepared by adopting a hot-pressing sintering method, and the density is not lower than 2.7g/cm3。
Preferably, the graphene film is a copper foil which is used as a substrate, adopts a thin film structure formed by chemical vapor deposition and self-generation, and further comprises a copper foil combined with the graphene film, in order to keep the graphene film structure complete and avoid the structural damage caused in the process of stripping from the copper foil substrate, meanwhile, the copper foil can also play a role in absorbing the energy of the projectile, and the total thickness of the graphene film and the copper foil is 1 mm-2 mm.
Preferably, the high-strength titanium alloy layer is prepared by distributing materials in an alloy bag mode, carrying out vacuum consumable melting on small ingots of 800kg or less, forging, carrying out heat treatment and machining, wherein the added alloy elements are more, so that the uniform distribution of the elements in the alloy is ensured, the thickness is 15-55 mm, and the room-temperature tensile strength is 1350MPa or more.
Preferably, the side surfaces of the boron carbide ceramic layer and the graphene film layer are made of titanium alloy with the thickness of 3-5 mm, so that the boron carbide ceramic layer of the composite armor is guaranteed to obtain stronger constraint, the corrosion resistance of the all-titanium alloy packaging structure is excellent, and the environmental adaptability of the composite armor is improved.
Preferably, the titanium alloy layer and the high-strength titanium alloy layer are welded, and in order to ensure that the restraint failure caused by the action force of the shot impact on the side titanium alloy is ensured, the welding strength coefficient of the titanium alloy is not lower than 0.9.
Preferably, the groove machining is carried out on the titanium alloy in a mechanical machining mode, oil stain is cleaned by acetone, vacuum plasma welding or argon arc welding is carried out between the titanium alloy and the titanium alloy layer and between the titanium alloy layer and the high-strength titanium alloy layer, stress-relief annealing is carried out on the titanium alloy composite armor, and the flatness of the composite armor is not higher than 5 mm.
Example 1
The composition of the composite armor: the composite armor structure comprises the following components: 2mm of TC4 titanium alloy, 20mm of boron carbide ceramic, 1mm of graphene film and copper foil structure and 15mm of high-strength titanium alloy, wherein the side surface of the boron carbide ceramic is subjected to argon arc welding integral packaging by adopting 3mm of high-strength titanium alloy.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
preparing TC4 titanium alloy plates: the 1350 MPa-grade ultrahigh-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy plate with the thickness of 2mm, 3mm and 20mm is obtained after automatic material mixing, vacuum consumable melting, forging, rolling, heat treatment and machining;
preparing a high-strength titanium alloy plate: obtaining a 1350 MPa-grade ultrahigh-strength and toughness titanium alloy plate with the thickness of 15mm through alloy coating and distributing, vacuum consumable melting, forging, heat treatment and machining;
preparing the ceramic: preparing 20mm boron carbide ceramic by adopting a hot-pressing sintering method;
preparing a graphene film layer: preparing a graphene film layer by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method, wherein the total thickness of the graphene film and the copper foil is 1 mm;
integral packaging: the method comprises the steps of performing groove processing on the titanium alloy in a machining mode, cleaning oil stains by using acetone, performing argon arc welding after the titanium alloy is combined according to the claim 1 to complete integral packaging, and performing stress relief annealing to obtain the graphene film-containing titanium alloy composite armor.
The surface density of the composite armor is 142kg/m2The weight is reduced by 56% compared with armor steel. The test of 56-type 14.5mm armor-piercing bomb is carried out, and the back surface has no crack and bulge5mm。
Example 2:
the composition of the composite armor: the composite armor structure comprises the following components: 3mm of high-strength titanium alloy, 45mm of boron carbide ceramic, 2mm of graphene film and copper foil structure and 55mm of high-strength titanium alloy, wherein the side surface of the boron carbide ceramic is subjected to vacuum plasma welding integral packaging by adopting 5mm of high-strength titanium alloy.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
preparing a titanium alloy plate: the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy plates with the thicknesses of 3mm, 5mm and 55mm are obtained after automatic material mixing, vacuum consumable melting, forging, rolling, heat treatment and machining;
② preparing ceramics: preparing 45mm boron carbide ceramic by adopting a hot-pressing sintering method;
preparing a graphene film layer: preparing a graphene film layer by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method, wherein the total thickness of the graphene film and the copper foil is 2 mm;
fourthly, integral packaging: performing groove processing on the titanium alloy by adopting a mechanical processing mode, cleaning oil stain by using acetone, performing integral packaging by adopting vacuum plasma welding after the combination according to claim 1, and performing stress relief annealing to obtain the titanium alloy composite armor containing the graphene film.
The surface density of the composite armor is 398kg/m2Compared with armor steel, the weight is reduced by 48 percent. The test of 100mmRHA armor piercing bullet is carried out, and the back surface has no crack and no bulge.
Example 3:
the composition of the composite armor: the composite armor structure comprises the following components: the high-strength titanium alloy is 3mm, the boron carbide ceramic is 45mm, the graphene film and copper foil structure is 2mm, and the high-strength titanium alloy is 50mm, wherein the side surface of the boron carbide ceramic is integrally packaged by argon arc welding by adopting 5mm of the high-strength titanium alloy.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
preparing a titanium alloy plate: the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy plates with the thicknesses of 3mm, 5mm and 50mm are obtained after automatic material mixing, vacuum consumable melting, forging, rolling, heat treatment and machining;
② preparing ceramics: preparing 45mm boron carbide ceramic by adopting a hot-pressing sintering method;
preparing a graphene film layer: preparing a graphene film layer by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method, wherein the total thickness of the graphene film and the copper foil is 2 mm;
fourthly, integral packaging: the method comprises the steps of performing groove processing on the titanium alloy in a machining mode, cleaning oil stains by using acetone, performing argon arc welding after the titanium alloy is combined according to the claim 1 to complete integral packaging, and performing stress relief annealing to obtain the graphene film-containing titanium alloy composite armor.
The surface density of the composite armor is 376kg/m2Compared with armor steel, the weight is reduced by 48 percent. The test of 100mmRHA armor breaking bullet is carried out, and the back surface has no crack and no bulge.
Comparative example 1
The composition of the composite armor: the composite armor structure comprises the following components: 2mm of TC4 titanium alloy, 20mm of boron carbide ceramic, 1mm of copper foil and 15mm of high-strength titanium alloy, wherein the side surface of the boron carbide ceramic is subjected to argon arc welding integral packaging by adopting 3mm of high-strength titanium alloy.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
preparing TC4 titanium alloy plates: the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy plates with the thicknesses of 2mm, 3mm and 20mm are obtained after automatic material mixing, vacuum consumable melting, forging, rolling, heat treatment and machining;
preparing a high-strength titanium alloy plate: obtaining a 1350 MPa-grade ultrahigh-strength and toughness titanium alloy plate with the thickness of 15mm through alloy coating and distributing, vacuum consumable melting, forging, heat treatment and machining;
preparing the ceramic: preparing 20mm boron carbide ceramic by adopting a hot-pressing sintering method;
preparing a copper foil composite layer: a composite layer with the thickness of 1mm is combined by adopting a multi-layer overlapping mode;
integral packaging: the method comprises the steps of performing groove processing on the titanium alloy in a machining mode, cleaning oil stains by using acetone, performing argon arc welding after the titanium alloy is combined according to the claim 1 to complete integral packaging, and performing stress relief annealing to obtain the graphene film-containing titanium alloy composite armor.
The surface density of the composite armor is 142kg/m2The weight is reduced by 56% compared with armor steel. Subject it to 56-type 14.5mm armor piercingAnd (4) a combustion elastic test shows that the back surface has no crack and the protrusion is 10 mm.
Comparative example 2:
the composition of the composite armor: the composite armor structure comprises the following components: the high-strength titanium alloy is 3mm, the boron carbide ceramic is 45mm, the graphene film and copper foil structure is 2mm, and the high-strength titanium alloy is 55mm, wherein the side surface of the boron carbide ceramic is subjected to vacuum plasma welding by adopting the high-strength titanium alloy of 5mm to complete the integral packaging.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
preparing a titanium alloy plate: the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy plates with the thicknesses of 3mm, 5mm and 55mm are obtained after automatic material mixing, vacuum consumable melting, forging, rolling, heat treatment and machining;
② preparing ceramics: preparing 45mm boron carbide ceramic by adopting a hot-pressing sintering method;
preparing a copper foil composite layer: a composite layer with the thickness of 2mm is combined by adopting a multilayer overlapping mode;
fourthly, integral packaging: performing groove processing on the titanium alloy by adopting a mechanical processing mode, cleaning oil stain by using acetone, performing integral packaging by adopting vacuum plasma welding after the combination according to claim 1, and performing stress relief annealing to obtain the titanium alloy composite armor containing the graphene film.
The surface density of the composite armor is 398kg/m2Compared with armor steel, the weight is reduced by 48 percent. The test of 100mm RHA armor piercing bullet was carried out, the back surface had no crack, and the protrusion was 6 mm.
Comparative example 3:
the composition of the composite armor: the composite armor structure comprises the following components: the high-strength titanium alloy is 3mm, the boron carbide ceramic is 45mm, the graphene film and copper foil structure is 2mm, and the high-strength titanium alloy is 50mm, wherein the side surface of the boron carbide ceramic is integrally packaged by argon arc welding by adopting 5mm of the high-strength titanium alloy.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
preparing a titanium alloy plate: the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy plates with the thicknesses of 3mm, 5mm and 50mm are obtained after automatic material mixing, vacuum consumable melting, forging, rolling, heat treatment and machining;
② preparing ceramics: preparing 45mm boron carbide ceramic by adopting a hot-pressing sintering method;
preparing a copper foil composite layer: a composite layer with the thickness of 2mm is combined by adopting a multilayer overlapping mode;
fourthly, integral packaging: the method comprises the steps of performing groove processing on the titanium alloy in a mechanical processing mode, cleaning oil stain by using acetone, performing integral packaging by using argon arc welding after the titanium alloy is combined according to the claim 1, and performing stress relief annealing to obtain the titanium alloy composite armor without the graphene film.
The surface density of the composite armor is 376kg/m2Compared with armor steel, the weight is reduced by 48 percent. The test of 100mmRHA armor breaking bullet is carried out, the back surface has no crack, and the protrusion is 5 mm.
Claims (8)
1. The titanium alloy composite armor is characterized by comprising a titanium alloy layer, a boron carbide ceramic layer, a graphene film layer and a high-strength titanium alloy layer in sequence, wherein the side surfaces of the boron carbide ceramic layer and the graphene film layer are wrapped by a titanium alloy, the titanium alloy layer and the high-strength titanium alloy layer are fixedly connected, and the boron carbide ceramic layer and the graphene film layer are integrally packaged.
2. The titanium alloy composite armor of claim 1, wherein said titanium alloy layer has a thickness of 2mm to 3 mm.
3. The titanium alloy composite armor of claim 1, wherein said boron carbide ceramic has a thickness of 20mm to 50 mm.
4. The titanium alloy composite armor of claim 1, wherein said graphene film is a copper foil as a matrix, and adopts a thin film structure self-generated by chemical vapor deposition, and further comprising a copper foil combined with the graphene film, wherein the total thickness of the graphene film and the copper foil is 1 mm-2 mm.
5. The titanium alloy composite armor of claim 1, wherein said high strength titanium alloy layer has a room temperature tensile strength of 1350MPa or more and a thickness of 15mm to 55 mm.
6. The titanium alloy composite armor of claim 1, wherein a titanium alloy having a thickness of 3mm to 5mm is used on the side of the boron carbide ceramic layer and the graphene film layer.
7. The titanium alloy composite armor of claim 1, wherein said titanium alloy is welded to said titanium alloy layer and said high strength titanium alloy layer.
8. The titanium alloy composite armor of claim 7, wherein said titanium alloy is vacuum plasma welded or argon arc welded to said titanium alloy layer and said high strength titanium alloy layer.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN112174672A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-01-05 | 香河星通科技有限公司 | Preparation method of boron carbide composite ceramic plate and bulletproof flashboard |
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Application publication date: 20191224 |